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The Eastern Ghats EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.7, No. 1, 2001 The Eastern Ghats EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Contents Foreword • Foreword………………………....................1 e have great pleasure in releasing • Ethnomedical Studies of Mahendragiri Range WVol. 7 No.1, which deals with the Resources & of Hills, Eastern Ghats: A Case Study of Tribals of Eastern Ghats. The articles cover information Jeerango Gram Panchayat………....................2-4 on Ethnobotany, Tribal Economy, Tribal issues, Tribal areas & Demography of the North Coastal Andhra • A Note on the Tribal Economy of the Pradesh and Orissa and an article based on Special Eastern Ghats.......…………...........................4-5 Cover depicting prominent land marks of Yarada Hill Ranges, Eastern Ghats, which play a vital role in the • Collection and Consumption of Wild Tubers/ perspective of Eco-tourism. Rhizomes by the Various Tribes in Andhra Pradesh…….............................….... 5-7 The articles provide some of the interesting findings of the scientists and researchers. • Forests & Tribals :Recognition of their integration...................................................... 7 • Tribal areas of Visakhapatnam district, Do Join us Andhra Pradesh, India- With Special reference to the demographic characteristics & ENVIS Centre Collects, Collates and Desseminates Medicinal Flora………………..................... 8-10 all the information related to its core subject viz. “Eastern Ghats”. Hence, the library of ENVIS • Article based on Special Cover depicting invites donation of reprints, bibliographic Prominent land marks of Yarada Hill ranges, collections, news clippings, posters, photographs Eastern Ghats……………………..........…... 11 etc., from all sources. Readers are...... WELCOME to contribute articles to our Newsletter. EPTRI is not responsible for the Note Theme of our next issue is “Resources & Tribals of views expressed by the authors. Eastern Ghats”. ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING & RESEARCH INSTITUTE (EPTRI), HYDERABAD 1 EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol. 7, No.1, 2001 Ethnomedicinal Studies of Mahendragiri Range of Hills, Eastern Ghats: A Case Study of Jeerango Gram Panchayat S.K. Senapati, Department of Botany, S.K.C.G. College, Gajapathi, Orissa M.K. Mishra, Department of Botany, Behrampur University, Orissa T.C. Kara, P.G. Department of Life Scieces, S.K.C.G. College, Gajapathi, Orissa Introduction • Half burnt leaves are used on boils to suppress the same. he relationship between man and plants is an age-old phenomenon. ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ 2. Nyctanthes arbortristis L.; (Oleaceae); Man has been using plants for various purposes such as food, T Local Name-Ganga Siuli. fodder, clothing, shelter, and medicine from prehistoric times. According Small trees with ovate leaves. to Marini and Bettolo (1980), traditional medicines provide health service • to about 70 to 80% of total World’s population. But in recent years, due • Dried roots of this plant are grinded along with honey and 21 small to large scale urbanization, massive publicity of allopathic medicines and pieces of Garlic. This paste is taken orally for 3 days to cure malaria. indiscriminate cutting down of forests, the very existence of the treasure of indigenous medicines and its related knowledge is threatened. Besides, 3. Eleusine coracana L.Gaearth.; (Poaceae); Local Name - Mandia scarcity of written documents, and lack of proper communication between • An annual herb with capitate infloresence. the tribals and urbans add to the problem. This article aims in describing • The grains of this plant are boiled properly to form semi liquid the identification, characterization and description of some of the dense substance ,which is grindded along with garlic and are taken ethnomedicinal uses of plants and animals. orally to reduce high blood pressure. Study area 4. Calotropis gigantea (L.) R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae.) Local Name - Dhala Arkha Jeerango Gram Panchayat, which is situated around 35 kms. away from • Large erect shrub, flowers contain spreading corolla tube. Paralakhemundi, the district head quarter of Gajapati has been selected • The leaves of this plant are fried in castor oil and then the fried as our area of investigation. It comes under Mahendragiri hill system of leaves are to be tied on the vagina of a pregnant for abortion. Eastern Ghats. The topography of this region is highly undulating except at valleys. This study area covers 5996 hectares comprising of 16 5. Ferula asafoetida L.(Apiaceae); Local Name - Hengu villages with a total population of 4194. Among this tribals constitute about 70.5%, (i.e. 2950) in this panchayat. • Although this plant is not available in this region, most of the herbal healers use this plant for various medicines. Methodology ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ • The dried roots of this plant are grinded and then given to the females during their menstrual period for the treatment of ovarin Field trips were arranged to cover all most all villages of the study area. problems. The base camp was selected at Raghunathpur. Then almost all herbal healers (vaidyas) of the area and headmen of villages were approached. 6. Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae ); Local Name - Amruta Vanda. Ethnomedico-biological information was collected through questionnaires • Plants with semi woody stem, mosaic phyllotaxy. and discussion. Besides, habit, habitat, flora, characteristics, distribution, • The roots of Carica papaya along with the roots of Jasminum sambac and local names were entered into the field notebook on the spot. The and Lawsonia inermis are grinded with rice washed water to prepare dried plant specimens were kept In the herbarium of Botany Department the solution which is taken orally to cure jaundice. of S.K.C.G. College. 7. Nymphaea nouchalli Burn.f. (Nymphaeaceae ); Plants were identified with the help of local flora as well as other Local Name - Ranga Kain. publications like Gamble (1915-36) Haines (1921-25) and Brahman • Aquatic rooted plant with red flowers. The leaves are greenish below and Saxena (1995). The identifications of the species were confirmed and purple above. after consulting with the available literature. Ethnomedicinal value of Rhizomes of this plant along with refined form of gur (Oriya Name 16 plants and 2 animals species are enumerated below. • - Nabata) and root of Lawsonia inermis L. is grinded in the rice A. ETHNOBOTANICAL INFORMATION washed water. The paste obtained is effectively treated for diabetes. 8. Cicca acida L. Merr. (Euphorbiaceae.); Local Name - Narkoli. 1. Aloe barbadensis Mill.; (Liliaceae); Local Name - Ghin Kuanri • Moderate sized tree with tetramerous flowers. • A succulent herb with fleshy mucilaginous leaves. • The paste made from the root of Cicca acida is used for treating • Mucilaginous jelly of fleshy leaves is mixed with sugar and applied goitre. on burn injuries. 2 EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol. 7, No.1, 2001 ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○ 9. Calotropis procera R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae); • Widely distributed glabrous under shrub. Local Name - Kala Dudura. • The paste prepared from the root of Rauvolfia serpentina and • Large erect shrub with oblong leaves, presence of erect corolla Calotropis procera is given orally for snake bite. lobes. • Mustard oil is applied on the tender leaves of Calotropis and is shown over the flame and the same is kept on the boils, which leads B. ETHNOZOOLOGICAL INFORMATION: to its bursting within the 4 to 5 hours. 1. Hystrix indica. Englishname-Purkupine, LocaIName-Jhinka. 10. Laportea iterrupta L. Chew. (Urticaceae); Local Name - Bichuati. Class - Mammalia, Order - Rodentia. • A week stemmed herb with pubescent leaves. • Largest spiny mammal, A noctrunal animal usually lives in • Powder of these seeds is boiled with goat milk and is taken orally for burrows, eats bulbs, roots, barks, fallen leaves and flowers. weakness and paste prepared from the dried seeds is applied on the • The intestinal parts of Hystrix and roots of Rauvolfia serpentina is head to inhibit hairfall. made into paste which is taken orally for the cure of stomachache. 11. Hemidesmus indicus L. (Asclepiadaceae); Local Name - Sugandhi. 2. Bos indicus English name - Cow, Local Name - Gai • Slender puescent twiner with aromatic root stock and variable leaf Class - Mammalia, Order - Artiodactyla. shapes. • Herbivorous domestic animal. • Roots of this plant are grinded along with the roots of Lawsonia • A drop of blood taken from the ear of a Cow is to be licked by the inermls and coconut water to prepare a semisolid paste which is patient for curing epilepsy. taken orally for treating diseases like jaundice. Discussion 12. Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae); Identification Local Name - Sweta chitaparu. and Detailed study on the ethnomedincinal aspects of the • Under shrub with white flowers. Petiole base is Mahendragiri range of hills, has not yet been made. This amplexicaul. Description is a work of its own kind in this region. • Semisolid paste prepared from the dried roots of this of some plant, bark of Plumeria acuminata and sulphur are Ethnomedicinal A comparision of the above findings with that of available administered for abortion. uses of literature reveals that the use of plants and animals by Plants and the tribes as described above, is almost endemic to this 13. Pergularia daemia (Forssk) Choir (Asclepiadaceae); region. Animals Local Name - Uturuli. Though the tribals have been using these medicines for • Slender pubescent climber with cordate leaves. quite a long time, it is very difficult to judge the • The roots of Hemidesmus
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