DOCSLIB.ORG

Bradford Camera Club

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bradford Camera Club Dear Reader This month is a busy one people arriving on time, so for the calendar. Mothering this is just a heads up for you Sunday is March 6th and to help you get there on time. towards the end of the month We are fast approaching the Easter celebrations are here 100th issue of Thornton’s again, with Good Friday on community news magazine. the 25th March leading into I am thrilled to be editor the bank holiday weekend for this huge milestone. I’ll with Easter Monday on 28th need to think up something ON THE COVER: March. special for the issue. “Orange set of wheels” Shelves of Easter Eggs You can read about the workshop We have a couple of owner Mark Tailford of MT arrived in the shops as soon highlights in the Directory Refinishing Body Shop on Thornton as the Christmas sales ended. this month. The new Home Rd, Thornton on pg28. Creme Eggs are out again... Guard Series starts, following smaller than they used to be. the big screen launch of Made me think of the good We currently produce over 5800 the new Dad’s Army film. copies each month, which are old days when snacks were The articles are written for delivered FREE door to door in bigger and cost far less than us by Robert Brown of the Thornton and surrounding areas. they do now. Clayton History Group. These We are only able to do this with the Schools will be on half term will run for several months support of local businesses who for the Easter break and telling local stories of the advertise with us. Please mention finally one more thing to add time. Another new feature is the Thornton Directory when to the calendar this month our LifeHacks column. Don’t responding to adverts. is the clocks spring forward know what a ‘lifehack’ is? find one hour (Daylight Saving out on page 34. Grab a brew If you would like to advertise with us, please go to page 38 for our Time). On Sunday 27th and a chocolate egg and advertising rates. (Easter Sunday) we lose an enjoy this months read. hour’s sleep. For those of you Editor: Neil Bird who attend church services Tel: 01274 447315 Email: [email protected] on Easter Sunday, the clock Web: www.thorntondirectory.co.uk changes really mess with Contents Your Thornton Directory is proudly printed using vegetable based inks on From Our Inbox 4 paper sourced from sustainable certified sources. We are eco-friendly, you can be too, Local News 6 don’t just throw me in the bin, pass me on to a friend. Community Updates 14 All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in parts without permission is strictly prohibited. Local History 10, 26 All information is correct at time of going to print. The views and opinions by contributors in this publication may not represent the views of the publishers. All advertising is subject to the editor’s What’s On 33 discretion, nor does any advertisement constitute a recommendation. The Thornton Directory also takes no responsibility for claims made by any Sport News 36 advertisements in the publication. ©2016 Thornton Directory Please mention the Thornton Directory when responding to adverts 3 From Our Inbox Email: [email protected] Facebook: Thornton & Queensbury Directory Dear readers Dear readers, I will be selling my plants again this year On the 4th March we will be holding a charity to raise money for Martin House children’s fundraising event at The Raggalds. Flood hospice. I’ve been very busy getting the victims with animals, (if uninsured) have plants ready to sell, so hopefully they will be huge vet bills to treat their livestock or pets ready to be sold by the end of this month. I affected or missing by the devastating floods will also be making some hanging baskets, at the beginning of this year. so if anyone would like to order a hanging Tickets £3. For more information or if you basket please email me: joekemp@hotmail. can help with the raffle prizes, Please find co.uk them on Facebook by searching ‘YORKSHIRE Please look out for my stall outside Cutting ANIMALS FLOOD RELIEF’ Worx. I will be there when the weather is Thanks Alison & Gay. good or look out for my banner on Thornton Editor: There has been great community Road just up from Thornton Cemetery. I will response to all the appeals for help following be selling them from there on most days. the floods. Even though it is no longer on Joe Kemp the TV, people’s lives are still affected and Editor: Get your spring and summer plants appreciate your support. from local fundraiser Joe Kemp and help raise much needed funds for Martin House Hi there Neil, Children’s hospice. I was given your contact through my local Councillor Richard Dunbar. My name is Matthew and I live in Thornton and am a regular reader of the directory. It’s great! Was wondering if there is potential for a feature story at some point between now and April with regards to my band. We are called Kascarade and have a debut album release and launch in Bradford at the end of April, two of us reside in Thornton and my family have lived here for over 60 years. Best wishes and thanks for your time. Matthew (Kascarade) Editor: Sounds great... Literally, I checked out some of the music videos on your website. Next month we’ll include your Band’s album launch press release. Look forward to it and good luck with the launch. Get in touch and get in print - send your comments, news or ask any questions to the editor. See above for contact details or drop in an envelope at the Post Office, Kipping Lane. 4 To advertise in the Thornton Directory call Neil on 01274 447315 or email [email protected] Please mention the Thornton Directory when responding to adverts 5 Local News Email: [email protected] Facebook: Thornton & Queensbury Directory VALERIE BINNEY DRIVE PROPOSAL BIN COLLECTION CHANGES At a meeting of the Bradford West Area The council are making changes to the Committee on the 28th January it was collection days for the domestic (green unanimously agreed by Elected Members bin) waste, as part of a number of changes that a proposal by Cllr Malcolm Sykes to provide a more efficient service. The (Thornton & Allerton Ward), supported by change of collection days will start week his Ward colleagues Cllr Richard Dunbar commencing 14th March. You should have and Cllr Sue Duffy, to name a new street in received a notice through your door letting the proposed Chevet Mount development you know you new collection day. Allerton Lane Allerton - Valerie Binney Drive If you have a smartphone and easily - be approved. forget which day your bin is supposed to The original suggestion was made by the be put out for collection, the council are developer, Stephen Walkden, and was promoting their smartphone app, which has readily supported as a fitting dedication to a notification/reminder for your weekly bin honour the late former Councillor and Lord day. Mayor of Bradford - Valerie Binney. The council will be implementing the new Cllr Valerie Binney worked tirelessly in her Bin Policy with their collection teams; role as a Ward Councillor for the Thornton • One bin per household only. & Allerton Ward, representing everyone to • No bags or additional waste left the very best of her ability. Everyone that alongside. Also the lid to the bin needs to came into contact with her could not fail to be completely shut, so no pushing one be impressed by her energy, commitment more bag in and expecting the bin to be and support for whatever issue was causing collected if overfilled. concern for local residents. • Householders MUST recycle more. Replacement green bins are always charged for. If you need a FREE recycling bin, you can contact the council for one. Items that can go in your recycling bin include plastic bottles, glass bottles and jars, cans and all paper or card. Don’t forget to rinse out any containers, they don’t need to be spotless, just free from liquids and food. If you place the wrong items in either of the bins, the collection will not be made and a red contamination tag placed on the bin. This means you need to remove the wrong item and place it into the correct bin for its collection. In reality this may mean a week or so delay on your waste collection. To check your collection day, or for further info about your general waste and recycling visit the council website: www.bradford. gov.uk/recycling or call: 01274 431000. 6 To advertise in the Thornton Directory call Neil on 01274 447315 or email [email protected] Please mention the Thornton Directory when responding to adverts 7 Local News Email: [email protected] Facebook: Thornton & Queensbury Directory SOUTH SQUARE CENTRE THREATENED 2017. In effect this would double the WITH CLOSURE operating costs and, without the prospect Bradford Council’s proposal threatens to of being able to raise further income, the close South Square Centre. Centre would be forced to close. In addition, the Council is also proposing to withdraw South Square Centre runs on a very tight the discretionary business rate rebate that operating budget, which is covered by the small business tenants currently benefit rental income, gallery bookings and sales. from. The suggestion is that the Council The trustees of Thornton and Allerton should defer making a decision until further Community Association have a responsibility consultation can be undertaken with the to maintain the Grade-II listed building on affected organisations in order to assess the behalf of the Council but receive no funding full impact of the proposals.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pinch Beck, High Birks Beck and Hole Bottom Beck a Switchback Walk Between Two Valleys, with Some Steep Climbs
    Help us to get our directions right! Below are the intructions for one of the walks which we plan to include in our booklet of walks around Bradford’s Becks. You can help us by following the instructions and letting us know of any errors or any improvements that can be made. We haven’t yet done any mapping, but the walk can be found on OS Explorer 288 (Bradford & Huddersfield). However, we hope that the directions are good enough not to need to check the map. Please send any comments to [email protected] Thank you. Pinch Beck, High Birks Beck and Hole Bottom Beck A switchback walk between two valleys, with some steep climbs. Although you don’t spend much time walking by the becks, this walk gives a fine sense of the network of tributaries that flow down from the Quuensbury ridge into Bradford Beck. Bradford’s industrial heritage is also on show here. Warning! This walk involves one very muddy section near Pinch Beck, so make sure you are wearing suitable footwear. Length: 5.5km Terrain Strenuous in places, with 2-3 steep climbs. Some road walking. Starting point Path to Great Northern Trail by Thornton Primary School in Thornton Road. GR095327. Parking There is some parking on Thornton Road, or park courteously in side streets. Bus Buses from Bradford along Thornton Road towards Denholme and Keighley (696, 697, 698). Get off at Vine Terrace (opposite Terminus Fisheries) Walk towards the pedestrian crossing, where the walk starts. 1. Take the Great Northern Trail and follow it round to the back of the school.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CIRCULAR Bradford Railway Circle No.351 – 1St Quarter, 2010
    THE CIRCULAR Bradford Railway Circle No.351 – 1st Quarter, 2010 Contents Page 1 Editorial 2 Douglas Butterfield – Obituary Frank Robertshaw 5 Ben‟s Bits Ben Burrows 9 Photo Competition 2010 Tom Ickringill 10 Japan – The Land of Rising Water (Pt.2) Michael Wade 11 Meeting Reports Philip Lockwood 13 Cambrian Coast Keith Preston 16 Membership Matters Michael Wade 17 Letter to the Editor 17 RCTS West Riding Indoor Programme 17 Special Traffic Notices 18 More Ben‟s Bits Ben Burrows 23 Secretary‟s Page Peter Holden 24 Circle Diary 2010 24 Small Ads Editorial Welcome to 2010! We now have 350 issues of The Circular under our belts, so here‟s to the next 350. This issue we begin with an obituary of late Honorary Life Member Douglas Butterfield, by his (and our) great friend Frank Robertshaw. Further on, a novelty is possibly the first ever poem in our magazine, written by Keith Preston when inspired by the Welsh landscape. We have liberal helpings of Ben‟s Bits this time, as I had many contributions from Ben that deserve an airing, and few from other members. So, the coffers are fairly empty now (except for a few Outer Circle articles from Geoff Butland, reissued by Frank Robertshaw) – please put pen to paper and keep the magazine going. I had no submissions for cover photos, so we have one from the Editor himself this year. Recent news on BBC Radio we heard that DMUs not being built as quickly as needed, because of problems at Bombardier Derby and also because investors (required to fund new stock) cannot be found due to declining confidence in diesel as an economically viable fuel for the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter 78 Early Spring 2010 Editorial
    NEWSLETTER 78 EARLY SPRING 2010 EDITORIAL Welcome to a new Newsletter and a new decade. I hope you all had an enjoyable Christmas and New Year break and have coped with the arctic conditions. Living on the edge of the Peak District we have had snow drifts of over a foot which I can see now from my window as I write this editorial. This has made getting about difficult, although I did manage a walk along the Rivelin Valley in Sheffield with its interesting remains of water powered sites on New Year’s Day. The valley once had 20 mills along a 3 mile length, and although buildings survive at only one site there are good examples of how water had been used with numerous remains of weirs, goits and dams. If you would like to find out more I recommend the book Water Power on the Sheffield Rivers 2nd (revised), edited by Christine Ball, David Crossley and Neville Flavell and published by the South Yorkshire Industrial History Society in 2006. Turning to Section matters, it is pleasing to note that the Section continues to be successful with a good regular attendance at lectures of around 25 members in the first half of the programme and some walking excursions to look forward to this year when the lecture programme finishes. However I have received a comment that the Section does not produce much in the form of occasional papers or research reports, and it is some time since we produced the last walk leaflet. If any members are actively working on something do let me know, we can either include an item in the Newsletter giving details of your research interests or consider a wider form of publication via the main Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Bradford Camera Club We Are Still ‘On Holiday’ Until September but Have Arranged Various Locations to Meet
    Dear Reader This time last year, I was an update from the landlord involved in a random act (John) for our next issue. of kindness, helping to During May & June residents transform a kitchen for a of Thornton have been out lady we know. looking for the peacock. A This past couple of weeks, local farmer has lost both we have been at it again. of his peacocks, but various This time renovating her people are also reporting ON THE COVER bathroom and general that they have a missing Residents across the village have been décor of her home. We had peacock too. As far as we out with their cameras taking a snap a few snags that hindered know it is still out there. of the nicknamed ‘Kevin’ the peacock. us a bit, but all in all we Our cover photo was taken by Have you spotted or heard local photographer Rafal Daszczynski have transformed this tired our newest resident on your www.capturedinlens.co.uk property with dated décor, rooftops? that was the cause of much stress to her, into a relaxing This coming month we have We currently produce over 5750 the Thornton Gala making copies each month, which are stylish home for her to enjoy delivered FREE in Thornton and and use to support others. its spectacular comeback, surrounding areas. an exciting future for It was all possible due to the community centre, a We are only able to do this with the generosity of donations. the support of local businesses who mysterious invasion, what to Donations of people’s advertise with us.
    [Show full text]
  • This Walk from Queensbury to Bingley Is Packed with Interesting Features
    This walk description is from happyhiker.co.uk Queensbury to Bingley Starting point and OS Grid reference Queensbury Village, by the swimming baths on Station Road (SE 105303) Ordnance Survey map OL21 – South Pennines & OS Explorer 288 Distance 9.1 miles Date of Walk 24 March 2017 Traffic light rating Introduction: This walk from Queensbury to Bingley is packed with interesting features. It is also a linear walk, best suited to and well served by public transport. It will be of particular interest to railway buffs, as it follows some of the Great Northern Railway Trail. It crosses two spectacular viaducts and there are various information boards along the way. It also passes two pretty reservoirs and an attractive stream with a wonderful waterfall. The walk covers a section of the same route as my Bingley to Cullingworth walk, though in reverse order. The route sneaks subtly between quite large conurbations which you hardly notice. Queensbury village is part of Bradford MDC, rising to over 1100 ft, above Thornton, and overlooking Bradford itself. The walk offers fine views towards Brontë Country and the Yorkshire Dales to the north and north west. The walk ends in Bingley, a market town on the River Aire and the Leeds Liverpool Canal. Bingley Five Rise is a famous flight of five locks on the canal which are worth a visit. This route does not pass them but they are signposted from Bingley should you wish to visit. There are various refreshment opportunities on the walk. The most convenient is the Ring of Bells pub at Thornton, although this is only three miles from the start.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bounda Ry Committee for Engla
    I N D G A L O EB LISTER HILLS R B E E Y R L C L R A D O F E L A A A N H R D Recreation Ground OA D Stubden Reservoir C CROSSLEY HALL Middle E M Brook Industrial Estate E T E BROWN ROYD R Y R O A D AD Football RO ON Ground NT LOWER GRANGE OR TH P itt Coll y Be ck Thornton Cemetery Allotment Gardens M Thornton id d Pitty Beck le B Bradford ro o College k ### A l l ck o e t B m DS Close Head Row n A to e y n E LEAVENTHORPE la H THORNTON WARD C t L Cricket ### Thornton Grammar G L ### E ### ### a W School Ground r d University of Bradford Playing Fields e Coll n Denholme Clough Recreation s Playing Ground DENHOLME CP Allotment LIDGET GREEN E N Fields Gardens A L S M A R G E D L A Thornton O Scholemoor Cemetery SHEARBRIDGE R Primary School X A F Und I CITY WARD L A H Allotment Denholme Gate A T Gardens B Allotment h E o R r Gardens n D D t A o E O n D E R N V A Y B ia O P S d R L A u Cemy E c L L t I H SCHOLEMOOR T A H Pin ck A C ch Be Beck on B ayt E +++ l CLAYTON WARD +++ R +++ C +++ D E Headley Golf Course E D N Schools is m P Copthorne 5 a L 4 n A 1 t Primary 6 le C B d E School DIRK HILL R a D ilw OA a Cricket Ground Bradford & Ilkley R Headley Golf Course y ON Community College Cricket NT E R N TOWN END Ground HO A T L IN D K OA C Playing Fields R University of O ER C NC Bradford LITTLE HORTON GREEN PE St Anthony's S RC First & Prim Schs NE B LA RA EY D H DL Recreation FO OR EA RD TON H Ground RO PA MA AD RK LT KI B AVE LN E N LANE UE C Shires Business Park K S I D Allotment Gardens Clayton BROAD AD Playing Field N RO E St Luke's Hospital
    [Show full text]
  • Summer Walks Leaflet 2019
    Wednesday 26th June l Snow Hill in Summer Wednesday 31st July l Charlie’s Seat l 71/2 Tuesday 2nd April l Hugh ’n’ Den go l 7 miles (11.2km) l Circular l Packed lunch l miles (12km) l Circular l Packed lunch l Meet to Black Moor l 61/2 miles (10.4km) l Meet Colin Pitts at 10.30am near the canal bridge, Ings Paul Mawson at 11am at the Information Centre at the Circular l Packed lunch l Meet Paul Lane, Bradley, near Skipton. A visit to the moors and National Park Centre at Grassington. This walk follows Mawson at 10:30am at Cullingworth War farms above the village. the River Wharfe to the small village of Conistone, Memorial. An interesting walk which returning to Grassington via the moorland track. This Sunday 30th June l The Emily Bronte Stone l includes the Great Northern Railway Trail. walk includes several stiles. 6 miles (9.7km) l Circular l Packed lunch l Great views above Denholme before Meet Barbara Walker at 10:30am at Ogden Water car ascending to Black Moor and returning via park, off the A629 Denholme to Halifax Road (at Buck Park Wood. Saturday 3rd August l To Ilkley Causeway Foot). A walk which circumnavigates Nature Reserve l 2 miles (3.2km) l Thornton Moor reservoir and visits the Emily Bronte Sunday 7th April l Anne Bronte l 7 miles Circular l Snack l Meet Gillian Dale and Stone on mainly good paths and tracks. (11.2km) l Circular l Packed lunch l Meet Mary Weir at 1pm outside the Manor House, Barbara Walker at 10:30am at Haworth Church (top of Ilkley.
    [Show full text]
  • Members' Newsletter: September 2015
    Members’ Newsletter: September 2015 The Vintage Carriages Trust invites all Members to attend the Annual Meeting for 2015, which will be held on Saturday 17 th October at 2 pm at the Museum of Rail Travel, Ingrow Railway Centre There will be a light buffet available at 1 pm, but only for those who have booked – we need to get the numbers right! If you are able to attend this Meeting and would like to participate in this Buffet, please let us know by completing the enclosed Catering Booking Form. This should be returned to VCT Secretary Dave Carr by Monday 12 th October, either by email to him at [email protected] or by post to him at VCT, c/o The Railway Station, Haworth, Keighley, West Yorkshire BD22 8NJ. No Booking Form – No ticket, No Buffet! It is hoped that there will be some who would like to stay after the meeting to take the train on the Keighley & Worth Valley Railway. Later, Chairman Trevor England will be pleased to welcome Members who would like to join him for an informal evening meal at the Brontë Hotel, Lees Lane, Haworth at 5.30 pm. Again, please indicate on the form if you wish to be present for this evening get- together so that we can advise the Brontë Hotel of the likely numbers. 50 years and still going strong Members will growth and activities over these remember that our 50 years. Our President, Robin April Newsletter Higgins, recollected the very early celebrated the Trust’s days when he and Tony Cox – 50 th Anniversary.
    [Show full text]
  • Bradford & Halifax Parkrun
    Dear Reader If anyone is contemplating comfort of the armchair, in new tech, I’d like to offer bed, or dare I say it, on the you my advice. But before I toilet! do, do you remember using When people ask me ‘What the stylus (pen tool) on a computer should they device known as the ‘PDA.’ get?’ the answer is always Hewlett Packard had their going to be the same. Get version known as the ‘iPaq’. an Apple iPad. It is the Using Microsoft Windows ultimate PC replacement. I ON THE COVER: 95 as the operating system, assure you, you can achieve “Where Students Really Improve” this tech was leap years almost anything on these Read about the local Kip McGrath ahead in its day and most devices that you used to do Centre Director’s (Ryan Welch’s) techy geeks (me included) on the computer. They’re passion for teaching on page 16. had one, accessing files, completely portable, lock- Cover photo by Neil Bird databases, emails and text away-able and great fun messaging on the go, before to use. When you are away The Queensbury Directory is a smartphones were even from home, you can keep sister publication of the Thornton thought about. it with you and access your Directory. This publication is Jumping forward 20 yrs and data or emails wherever you dedicated to the sharing of local community news and businesses for touch screen technology go. One great thing you can Queensbury’s residents. has vastly improved. These do on the iPad or any tablet We are only able to produce this days we are using our device is view the digital publication with the support of local smartphones, tablets and version of the Queensbury businesses who advertise with us.
    [Show full text]
  • Bradford Camera Club We Are Still ‘On Holiday’ Until September but Have Arranged Various Locations to Meet
    Dear Reader I hope this good weather we places a baby in a greater are having lasts, but it is so risk of overheating. important to keep our little • Protect the shoulders ones safe in the sun. My wife and the back of their and I are often shocked to neck when they’re see school trips, children playing, as these are the playing out and in parks in most common areas for scorching weather without sunburn. sun hats. I really hope they at ON THE COVER Moving on, last year I was least have sun lotion on? Queensbury Cemetery involved in a random act This month we have an important As a family, when it’s hot like of kindness, helping to update from the Friends of this, we often head to the transform a kitchen for a lady Queensbury Cemetery. woods to play in the shade. Read more on page 13. we know. This past couple of On a trip to the seaside last weeks, we have been at it The Queensbury Directory is a sister publication of the Thornton Directory. summer we saw a few coach again. This time renovating This publication is dedicated to the loads of school children on her bathroom and general sharing of local community news and businesses for Queensbury’s residents. the beach and only one or décor of her home. two were seen wearing a sun We are only able to do this with It was all possible due to the support of local businesses who hat. I would have expected the generosity of donations.
    [Show full text]
  • Cycle Queensbury
    Dear Reader We’ve made it through the up the outdoor space of winter and are heading into our homes. Do you enjoy spring. Did we escape a big getting out in the garden or snow? Being relatively new is it a forgotten wilderness to Queensbury I am often beyond the back door? reminded that snow fall can We have a couple of still happen in March. In highlights in the Directory reply to this I remind people I this month. Queensbury am from Somerset originally, historian John Patchett ON THE COVER: where the sun shines from has kindly given us his “Reclaimed Wooden Shelf” March to October (with a permission to reprint Experienced in all aspects of joinery. few damp days - but mainly excerpts of some of his work. Read more about Jamie and his good weather). I wonder if work as JG Joinery on page 14. This month we start with we have had a fairly mild ‘The life of John Taylor’. Cover photo by Neil Bird winter for the second winter The new Home Guard Series in a row. also starts this month, The Queensbury Directory is a This month is a busy one following the big screen sister publication of the Thornton for the calendar. Mothering Directory. This publication is launch of the new Dad’s dedicated to the sharing of local Sunday is March 6th and Army film. The articles are community news and businesses for towards the end of the written for us by Robert Queensbury’s residents. month Easter celebrations Brown of the Clayton History We are only able to produce this are here again, with Good Group.
    [Show full text]
  • Thornton Directory When Responding Achieved When Everyone to Adverts
    Happy Christmas It’s December, so we appreciate some company can officially say Happy or who is new to your area? Christmas, although if you’ve Invite them for a meal, to got children it’s probably come to a Christmas market been the talk of your house with you, to watch a festive for the last couple of months film, or bake them cookies... already. get creative and have an Did you see the festive inclusive festive season. ON THE COVER episode of Martin Lewis’s With Clayton Dickensian Hug in a Mug! Money Saving Expert show? Market and Thornton A scrummy hot chocolate is like a nice Yet again he reminds us Christmas Tree Festival warm snuggly hug. Get creative with all to rethink how we do kicking off local celebrations yours and send us a pic. Christmas gifting. Not to this month, they are both a overspend, not to get in fantastic example of the local We currently produce over 5750 debt, not to feel pressured community spirit we have in copies each month, which are delivered FREE in Thornton and to give unnecessary gifts, our part of Bradford. The surrounding areas. what wise words. recent poppy displays and remembrance celebrations We are only able to do this with Christmas is a great time for the support of local businesses who spending time with family, were another wonderful advertise with us. Please mention the enjoying the real meaning of example of what can be Thornton Directory when responding achieved when everyone to adverts. If you would like to Christmas, going to events, advertise with us, please go to page 38 all of which are about joy joins together.
    [Show full text]