A Kid's Guide to African American History
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
A Kid’s Guide to African Ame AGES 6–11 ere are more than 70 hands-on activities, songs, and games that teach kids about the people, experiences, and Hevents that shaped African American history. = Make peanut butter like George Washington Carver did = Make a medallion like those worn by early abolitionists = Write a Brer Rabbit story = Play the rhyming game “Juba” = Design an armband like the one worn by a black chief of the Crow nation A KID’S GUIDE TO = Make a washtub bass r = Wear a kufi for Kwanzaa Along the way, kids will also learn about inspiring African American artists, inventors, politicians, and heroes, including Harriet Tubman, Langston Hughes, Oprah Winfrey, AFRICAN Louis Armstrong, Rosa Parks, Tony Gwynn, and Bessie Coleman. ican Histo “A fascinating look at an aspect of American history that is often left out of history AMERICAN books.” —Washington Sun “With a straightforward, readable text . and simple illustrative drawings, even young children r y HISTORY can participate in this activity-based title.” —School Library Journal MORE THAN 70 ACTIVITIES “Parents, teachers, and students can pick up this book and be proud of its content. SANDERS It not only teaches the mind, but also the heart of understanding.” —Dorothea (Wilson) Clausen, $14.95$14.95 (CAN (CAN $18.95) $18.95) great-great-great-granddaughter ISBN-13: 978-1-55652-653-4 of Thomas Jefferson ISBN-10: 1-55652-653-9 NANCY I. SANDERS A KID’S GUIDE TO AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY MORE THAN 70 ACTIVITIES NANCY I. SANDERS Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sanders, Nancy I. A Kid’s guide to African American history / Nancy I. Sanders. — 2nd ed. To all my friends at Sisters in Christ Bible p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Study. Your prayers, encouragement, and ISBN-13: 978-1-55652-653-4 support helped make this dream a reality. ISBN-10: 1-55652-653-9 1. African Americans—History—Juvenile literature. 2. African Americans— History—Study and teaching—Activity programs—Juvenile literature. I. Title. To Rosa Parks. E185.S19 2007 Little did I know, when I saw you speak, 973’.0496073—dc22 of the impact your life would have on me. 2006031670 To Bessie Jones, Cover and interior illustrations and design: Rattray Design who inspired me as I read about her life. The author and the publisher disclaim all liability for use of the information May her memories and heritage live on contained in this book. for generations to come. The author has made every effort to secure permissions for all the material quoted in this book. If any acknowledgment has inadvertently been omitted, please contact the publisher. ©2007 by Nancy I. Sanders All rights reserved Second edition Published by Chicago Review Press, Incorporated 814 North Franklin Street Chicago, Illinois 60610 ISBN-13: 978-1-55652-653-4 ISBN-10: 1-55652-653-9 Printed in the United States of America 54321 ‚ Contents ¯ Time Line vi The Middle Passage 27 Acknowledgments viii Landing in America 29 Introduction ix The Revolutionary War 29 The Shot Heard Around the World 30 1 ∏ THE GLORIES OF AFRICA Merchant Ships 33 A Sandstone Column 3 The Battle of Bunker Hill 37 Design a Mask 4 Black Patriots in the American Revolution 38 The Middle Ages 7 The War at the Sea 40 The City of Timbuktu 7 The Free African Society 42 Potato Stamp Painting 9 The Forten Family of Philadelphia 43 A King’s Scepter 11 Play a Game of Marbles 44 Life in Africa 12 Write an Almanac 48 Call-and-Response Game 13 Make a Star-Watching Chart 50 Communities and Nations 14 America’s Founding Fathers 52 Founding Fathers in Philadelphia 53 2 ∏ COLONIAL AMERICA Founding Fathers in Boston 56 Early Explorers 16 Kneeling Slave Medallion 59 First Settlers 18 A Foundation of Faith 61 Landing in Jamestown 19 The Beginning of Slavery 21 3 ∏ LIFE ON A PLANTATION Fort Mose 23 Food on a Plantation 66 The Slave Trade 24 Juba 69 Bead Necklace 26 Brer Rabbit and His Friends 70 Tell Me a Riddle 74 Election Day Parade 115 Children’s Rhymes 75 Election Cakes 117 Children’s Songs 76 Pinkster Day 118 Children’s Games 78 Dress Like King Charles 119 Sew a Doll 82 Wear a Chain of Blummies 123 Hoop and Stick 84 Dance on a Shingle 125 Artistic Crafts 85 Hold a High Jump Contest 126 Music and Rhythm 85 The Quakers and Other Abolitionists 127 Make a Rhythm 87 The Underground Railroad 127 Jingle a Tambourine 89 Carry a Candle 130 Build a Washtub Bass 92 Carry a Stick 132 Short’nin’ Bread 94 Follow the North Star 133 The Blue-Tail Fly 94 Native American Communities 134 O Freedom 96 Make a Native American Apron 136 Uncode a Spiritual 97 Wear Cuffs 138 Wear Armbands 140 4 ∏ FREE AFRICAN AMERICANS AND Craftsmen and Folk Artists 141 ABOLITIONISTS Make a Bible Quilt 143 The American Colonization Society 102 Emancipation Papers 105 5 ∏ CIVIL WAR AND THE ROAD TO Fugitive Slave Laws 106 FREEDOM The Black Press 107 Make a Congressional Medal of Honor 148 Slave Narratives 110 Make Paper Doll Replicas of the U.S. Colored Troops 150 Giants in Literature 111 Emancipation Day 154 Election Day 113 Reconstruction 154 Parmenteering 114 Elected Officials 156 Hold an Egg-Cracking Party 157 7 ∏ THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT Have a Taffy Pull 159 How One Woman Made a Difference 202 Sharecropping 160 Segregation in Schools 202 The Exodusters 160 Carry a Card Supporting Nonviolence 204 Juneteenth 162 The Sit-In Movement and Freedom Rides 206 Make a Favorite Drink 164 Children Helped Change a Nation 207 Cowboys 165 Make a Hand Fan 210 Design a Brand 167 The March on Washington 212 How Far Was a Trail Ride? 169 Carry a Sign 213 Buffalo Soldiers 171 Jim Crow 171 8 ∏ HOPE FOR TODAY AND A BETTER The Tuskegee Institute 173 TOMORROW Make Peanut Butter 174 Dedicated Historians 216 Grow a Sweet Potato Vine 176 A New African American Renaissance 217 Conduct a Scientific Experiment 177 All-Star Athletes 221 Kwanzaa 226 ∏ HE URN OF THE ENTURY 6 T T C Celebrate Kwanzaa 230 Great Achievements 180 Wear a Kufi 233 Important Inventions 181 Joining Together for a Future of Hope 234 Make Your Own Invention and Patent It 183 The Importance of Music 185 Suggested Reading List for Kids 235 Harlem Renaissance 186 Teacher Resources 235 Play the Cornet 190 Selected Bibliography 236 The World at War . Twice 191 Index 241 Creative Milestones 193 Sports, America’s Favorite Games 195 Track-and-Field Day 196 ‚ Time Line ¯ The Glories of Africa *3100 B.C. Menes, the first pharaoh of united Egypt begins his reign *1379 B.C. Nefertiti, Queen of Egypt, begins her co-rule of Egypt *A.D. 1500 Timbuktu, one of the greatest cities of the world is established 1527 Estavanico explores the American Southwest Colonial America 1619 Twenty Africans land at Jamestown, Virginia 1641 Slavery is legally recognized in the colonies 1770 Crispus Attucks is the first to die in the American Revolution 1807 Congress bans ships from bringing slaves to America 1843 Sojourner Truth speaks out against slavery Abolitionists 1849 Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery and begins work on the Underground Railroad *Approximate date Civil War 1861 Civil War begins 1863 President Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation 1865 Thirteenth Amendment ends slavery in America Freedom’s Road 1881 Booker T. Washington establishes the Tuskegee Institute 1903 W. E. B. Du Bois publishes The Souls of Black Folk 1909 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded 1920s The Harlem Renaissance, a time when extraordinary works are created by musicians, artists, and writers, reaches its peak 1936 Jesse Owens wins four Olympic gold medals Civil Rights Movement 1955 Rosa Parks is arrested 1961 Freedom Rides take place 1963 The March on Washington is held A New Hope 1966 The first celebration of Kwanzaa is held 1967 Thurgood Marshall is appointed as a Supreme Court justice 1976 Black History Month is established 1986 National holiday is created to honor Dr. King ‚ Acknowledgments ¯ hank you, Jeff, for your enthusiasm for this Quarles, Lerone Bennett Jr., Darlene Clark Hine, book. I appreciate the many times you Jessie Carney Smith, and Henry Louis Gates Jr. Talert me to current events in the news to Without the enthusiasm of certain individuals help keep this information up-to-date. And who have helped me gather important research, thanks, Danny and Ben, for your continued enthu- writing this edition would have been more difficult. siasm and interest in my writing projects. You guys I would especially like to thank Deborah Padgett are the best! from the Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation, Susan Thank you, Evelyn Okoreeh, my dear, sweet Halpert from the Houghton Library, and Sheila friend. Your prayers and encouragement sustain me. Cooke-Kayser, Emily G. Prigot, and Dr. Martin A special thank you goes to all the historians Blatt of the Boston National Historical Park. whose intense research and accurate facts help Thanks to the entire publishing family at make it possible for me to share African American Chicago Review Press. It takes a team to bring a history with kids. Your books line my bookshelves book to life, and you all are appreciated for the and are friendly faces that greet me each day I sit countless hours of creative energy you devoted to down in my office to write. Among the many histo- this project. Thank you, Cynthia Sherry, for your rians whose outstanding work I constantly refer to, continued vision of this project.