THE INSIDE THIS ISSUE Discussion of French election p. 2

MILITANT SMC exclusionists duck •1ssues p. 6 Published in the Interests of the Working People

Vol. 32- No. 27 Friday, July 5, 1968 Price JOe

MARCH TO FRENCH CONSULATE. New York demonstration against re­ gathered at Columbus Circle and marched to French Consulate at 72nd Street pression of left in France by de Gaulle government, June 22. Demonstrators and Fifth Ave., and held rally (see page 3). lnt'l protest hits ban on French left By Joseph Hansen but it waited until after the first round of June 21. On Sunday, Dorey and Schroedt BRUSSELS- Pierre Frank, the leader the current election before releasing Pierre were released. Argentin and Frank are of the banned Internationalist Communist Frank and Argentin of the Federation of continuing their hunger strike. Pierre Next week: analysis Party, French Section of the Fourth Inter­ Revolutionary Students. Frank, who is more than 60 years old, national, was released from jail by de When it was learned that the prisoners has a circulatory condition that required of French election Gaulle's political police on June 24. He had started a hunger strike, the Commit­ him to call for a doctor." had been held incommunicado since June tee for Freedom and Against Repression, According to the committee, the prisoners 14. When the government failed to file headed by Laurent Schwartz, the well­ decided to go on a hunger strike as soon The banned organizations are fighting any charges by June 21, Frank and three known mathematician, and such figures as they learned that the police intended to back. The .Jeunesse Communiste Revolu­ other political prisoners began a hunger as Jean-Paul Sartre, issued a statement hold them incommunicado beyond the legal tionnaire (JCR- Revolutionary Com­ strike as a means of protest. saying that the protest action had been limit of 10 days without bringing charges munist Youth) defied the ban, courageous­ Immediately after de Gaulle banned all initiated by those being held in the Gravelle against them. ly distributing tens of thousands of leaflets the important revolutionary political for­ armory: The committee said that the conduct of on election day all over France to people mations in France and arrested a number "Pierre Frank, a member of the United the police "proved that they had no evi­ on their way to the polls. of their leaders and members, a broad Secretariat of the Fourth International; dence whatsoever that could be cited as A solidarity campaign in behalf of the defense committee was set up. Solidarity Schroedt, editor of Workers Voice; Yves justification for the decree dissolving the victims of the Gaullist repressions has been actions were initiated in a number of coun­ Dorey, director of Revolte, and Argentin, organizations to which they belonged." set in motion in Brussels. The first re­ tries (see p. 3 and p. 8). The pressure of the Federation of Revolutionary Stu­ The committee added that the police had sponses have proved very encouraging began to be felt by the de Gaulle regime dents, began an indefinite hunger strike made new political arrests in Paris June and it is expected that the campaign will 20 and that the prisoners were being held rapidly be extended to other countries in at the Gravelle armory. Europe. Since then it has been learned that the The committee in charge of this work government is still holding some members has asked that funds raised by supporters Seattle militants victimized of the Maoist organizations and apparently throughout the world, which are needed intends to file some kind of charges against immediately, be sent to Brussels, along them. with news of protests. Checks should be By Debbie Leonard suspension of a black student. Charles All the proscribed organizations remain made out to Emile Van Ceulen and sent SEATTLE, June 17- Three black mil­ Oliver, a senior at Franklin, had allegedly banned. The ban on demonstrations re­ to him at the following address: Emile itants were convicted of unlawful assembly been in a fight with a white student. mains in effect. Gaullist Premier Pompidou Van Ceulen, Secretary, Fonds de Solidarite here on a charge stemming from a sit­ All three of the convicted defendants is ominously raising the false charge that contre la Repression en France, 111 Avenue in on March 29 at Franklin, a largely are University of Washington students. the left "plans violence" after the elections. Seghers, Brussels 8, Belgium. black high school. The sit-in, in the prin­ One, Aaron Dixon, is chairman of the It is important to intensify the campaign cipal's office, was organized to protest the local Black Panther Party; the other two, in defense of the victimized revolutionaries. Carl Miller and Larry Gossett, are officers of the Black Student Union at the Uni­ Canadian Laborites versity of Washington. Two additional defendants were acquitted. 100 British Labor MPs protest on France Testimony at the trial underlined the dissatisfaction of black students with their hit French clampdown MONTREAL, Canada- More than treatment under the present educational 10 labor and New Democratic Party system. Organized at three Seattle high The Paris daily Le Monde reports that (Canada's labor party) figures have schools, black student unions are demand­ 100 Labor Members of Parliament in protested ·the measures taken by the ing more black faculty members and in­ Britain joined together in an appeal to French government against a number clusion of a full black studies program de Gaulle for the lifting of the ban on of socialist organizations. in the curriculum. They are actively in­ revolutionary groups. They also asked Among the signers of the petition volved in defending the rights of black that the leaders of these groups who have d~livered to the French Consulate June students and are concerned with preventing been arrested be released. 22 are. Robert Cliche,. Quebec leader suspensions and drop-outs of black stu­ Calling attention to the fact that right­ of the NDP: Roland Morin, president dents. They collaborate closely with the wing politicians have been released from of the Quebec NDP; Laurier Lapterre, University of Washington Black Student prison and pardoned by de Gaulle, the federal vice-president of the NDJ>; ·and Union and had turned to it for assistance MP's viewed the ban as an attack on the Louis Laberge, president of ·the in fighting Charles Oliver's suspension. basic democratic rights of the people of Quebec Federation ofLaJ>or. The American Civil Liberties Union is France. Dexno»stratiot\s alifllil1$~ ~}j¢ l>llt\ and providing defense and has appealed the Among the signers of this appeal were at~ est.~ .... · wer~ .·... ·. held ACCUSED. Richard Gossett (left), convictions. The case will return to court four members of the National Executive 1'9t()tJ.tQ,. ·.. · ~awa, Carl Miller (center) and Larry Gossett. July 1. Committee of the Labor Party. MontrealotrJune ~~. Page2 THE MiliTANT Friday, July 5, 1968

THE MILITANT French CP 's electoral illusions Editor: BARRY SHEPPARD Business Manager: BEVERLY SCOTT The reports of the French events CP's figleaf are without question its greatest Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003. Phone 533-6414. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. accomplishment. No matter what Subscription: domestic, $3 a year; Canada and Latin America, $3.50; other happens at this time, these events foreign, $4.50. By first class mail: domestic and Canada $9.00; all other coun­ New York, N.Y. tries, $14.00. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada,$1:.!.50; Latin America, In an article in the June 18 mark a qualitative change in the $23.00; Europe, $27.00; Africa, Australia, Asia (including USSR), $32.00. Worker, T. R. Bassett feebly at­ entire international situation­ Write for sealed air postage rates. Signed articles by contributors do not nec­ FrC,M our essarily represent The Militant's views. These are expressed in editorials. tempts to defend the French CP and the Trotskyists are playing a from its left critics: leading role! Vol. 32- No. 27 .128 Friday, July 5, 1968 "The matter of fact is that the Three cheers for the French stu­ readers French Communist Party, far dents who sparked it and the work­ from dragging its feet, has play­ ers who had the maturity to re­ What do French elections ed a dynamic role in develop­ cognize the situation and the This column is an open forum ments which made possible the courage to join them. And just for all viewpoints on subjects of massive May 1968 national when the spotlight of interna­ general interest to our readers. signify about May upsurge? general strike in France. The tional publicity was focused on Please keep your letters brief. Where party also linked its fight for the "peace talks" in Paris, which necessary they will be abridged. the immediate demands of the I suspect were snowed under by Writers' initials will be used, names workers, students and the French the action on the barricades and being withheld unless authorization masses with structural reforms the paralyzing general strike. is given for use. that could open the way to so­ What a glorious page the French masses have once again written cialism." stoop to the outdated jargon that However, this slurs over the in revolutionary history. Now the directive on p. 10 [Appeal they must- and will-build the facts rather blatantly. Neither to the Workers of France and the party that will lead them to their the CP nor the CP-dominated World," by the United Secretariat well-earned victory! CGT (General Federation of of the Fourth International, The D.T. Labor) ever issued a call for Militant, June 7] and Pierre Frank the general strike, and they (only sometimes, but deplorably) actively tried to scuttle it-which Bread and wind use. they ultimately accomplished. It turns on and lightens the The CP favored the immediate San Francisco, Calif. whole chaotic scene- I can only demands of the strike, but it This time, instead of one of personally thank him and you. Isn'tl fought against the widespread my long-winded letters, I am This of course does not mean I demand for workers' power. The gener~tt enclosing a contribution of $10. support every phrase you printed. It can't French CP refused to lead the Dale Rasmussen There were segments that were workers to power. They pre­ hard to swallow. I do think that S!lid;.•··.O&''l ferred a parliamentary bargain Ame~icits'' Likes French Coverage the initiative lies with the students with bourgeois parties for "struc­ and the intelligentsia today, rather tural reforms," while holding out Philadelphia, Pa. than with the workers. The work­ the pious hope (as a figleaf of Thank you for the dozen fasci­ ers would not have begun any­ The above letter was received after the article below by George left cover) that these reforms nating articles on the French thing on their own without the Novack was written. However, we feel it is appropriate to the "could open the way to socialism." revolt. Someone is supporting this catalyst of the student revolt and Luckily, there is a growing revo­ central question raised by R. C. B. beautiful revolution! All strength the bungling of it by Pompidou. lutionary vanguard in France to you. I myself have been trying The greatest militancy is in the that is not caught up in the CP's intellectual youth, followed by the By George Novack to organize demonstrations in electoral illusions. Phildelphia in support of the stu­ working youth and then old work­ The first-round results of the French legislative election campaign Arthur Maglio dents of France, but I have gotten ers (both of which groups hold have favored the Gaullists more than other candidates. This has frighteningly little interest. As a the students in awe, as do most led some observers to conclude that, after all, the country has by­ "Fight to the death" matter of fact, I have gotten only Frenchmen). If the wind goes out passed any genuine revolutionary crisis, the forces upholding capi­ token interest, which means of the March 22 Movement, the talist law and order remain all-powerful, and the masses are still nothing and can get machinery bag of workers' rebellion will sag inclined to seek solutions to their problems exclusively through Houston, Tex. for activism going only in a thou­ into vacuum. Their morale is electoral and parliamentary channels. Thanks a lot for the coverage sand imaginations-which don't being bolstered and led by such The French Communist Party and its echoers elsewhere loudly of France and other news that count! What was their engaging student leaders as Alain Krivine you have been covering here in expound this point of view. However, it gives a superficial and excuse? Finals! An institution it­ and Cohn-Bendit, and not by the U.S. Keep printing the news labor ideological leaders (like misleading interpretation of the political processes which have self that should be abolished, and and the truth and we can't help which we would have been pro­ Seguy). The workers, I believe, been unfolding in France since early May because it ignores the but win in this fight to the death. testing. It's soggily ironical, and will continue to follow the stu­ dynamics of the confrontation of class forces on which they are W.L.B. it is unforgivable. dents, as the prime force of revo­ based. However, I enjoyed especially lutionary change in the Western Those who regard the hasty elections and the composition and reading Mr. Novack's articles, world today. activity of the National Assembly which will issue from them as Lady Hawk and which are refreshing- he does not C. B. the most decisive factors in determining the destiny of France in the coming months suffer from that malady known as "parliamen­ The Marines tary cretinism." Detroit, Mich. Marx and Engels gave the classical definition of this political Here's a tidbit my husband aberration in the work they wrote in 1851-52 on the 1848 revolu­ came upon in a recent issue of (II you ore interested in the ideas of 3737 Woodward Ave., Detroit 4820 I. (313) tion entitled Germany: Revolution and Counter-Revolution. This Leatherneck, a magazine for U.S. socialism, you can meet socialists in your TE 1-6135. book helped arm Lenin and the Bolsheviks with the strategy and Marines. city at the following addresses.) East Lansing: YSA, Mike Man iska leo, 6 14 tactics they followed in the fight against Menshevism in 1917. There was a picture of, and Michigan, Apt. 2. 351-0970. The founders of Marxism characterized parliamentary cretinism reference to, a young lady want­ CAUFORNIA: Atascadero: YSA, Bill Blau, MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, as "a disorder which penetrates its unfortunate victims with the ing to correspond with Gis fight­ P.O. Box 1061, Atascadero. YSA and Labor Bookstore, 704 Hennepin solemn conviction that the whole world, its history and future, are ing in Vietnam in order to boost Berkeley-Oakland: Socialist Workers Ave., Hall 240, Mpls. 55403. (612) governed and determined by a majority of votes in that particular their morale and help bring about Party (SWP) and Young Socialist Alliance FE 2-7781. representative body which has the honor to count them among its a U.S. victory there. The lady's (YSA), 2519A Telegraph Ave., Berkeley MISSOURI: St. Louis: Phone EV 9-2895, name? Betty Hawk. ask for Dick Clarke. members, and that all and everything going on outside the walls 94704. (415) 849-1032. Judy Watts Colusa: YSA, John Montgomery, 1107 NEW JERSEY: Newark: Newark Labor of their House ... is nothing compared to the incommensurable Jay St., Colusa 95932. Forum, Box 361, Newark 0710 I. events hinging upon the important question, whatever it may be, Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1702 East NEW YORK: Albany: YSA, Irving Sherman, just at that moment occupying the attention of their honorable Trotskyists lead Fourth St., l. A. 90033. (2 13) AN 9-4953. 26 Willett St., Albony 12210. House." (Selected Works, vol. 2, p. 127.) San Diego: San Diego Labor Forum, New York City: Militant Labor Forum, The victims of parliamentary illusions today fail to see that the San Diego, Calif. P. 0. Box 2221, San Diego 92112. 873 Broadway (near 18th St.), N.Y. 10003. most important factor in shaping events in France is not the out­ What a tremendous improve­ San Francisco: Militant Lobor Forum and (212) 982-6051. ment in The Militant, in appear­ come of the elections but the outcome of further developments in Pioneer Books, 2338MarketSt., S. F. 94114. OHIO: Cleveland: Eugene V. Debs Hall, ance, ease of reading and the the arena of direct combat between the contending class forces. (415) 552-1266. 2nd floor west, 980 I Euclid Ave., Cleveland variety of contents; above all, Elections are a highly inadequate and inaccurate registration of Santa Rosa: Young Socialist Alliance, 44106. (216) 791-1669. the enlarged editions with the in­ Kent: YSA, Roy S. lnglee, 123 Water St. the actual relation of forces between the ruling rich and the insur­ Stefan Bosworth, 808 Spencer. spiring reports of the French GEORGIA: YSA, P.O. Box 6262, Atlanta, N., Kent 44240. 673-7032. gent masses. Under present conditions their results have a symp­ events. Ga. 30308. (404) sn-1612. Yellow Springs: Antioch YSA, Michael tomatic significance. They indicate in a distorted manner what the IWNOIS: Carbondale: YSA, Bill Moffet, 406 Schreiber, Antioch Union, Yellow Springs electorate thinks about the programs and performance of the vari­ S. Washington. 45387. 767-5511. ous political groupings. Champaign-Urbana: YSA, P. 0. Box 2099, PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: SWP and But the aspirations and feelings of the masses are disclosed far Malcolm X Station A, Champaign, Ill. 61820. YSA, 686 N. Broad St., Philo. 19130. (215) more by what they do than by how they vote- or do not vote. Chicago: SWP, YSA and bookstore, 302 CE 6-6998. Just as the uprisings of the Afro-Americans rather than their votes The Man S. Canal St., Rm. 204, Chicago 60606. TEXAS: Austin: YSA, Charles Co i rns, 1803 for "lesser evil" Democrats show what they really want, so the strike (312) 939-5044. Enfield Ave., Austin. actions, occupations of the factories, and calls for workers' power and His Ideas INDIANA: Blaamington: YSA, Russel Block, Houston: YSA, David Shroyer, 1116 Columbus St., Houston 78703. (713) JA 9- revealed the real sentiments and aims of the French workers. 207 East 2nd St., Bloomington 47 40 I. 339- 4640. 2236. The present masters of France who rely upon de Gaulle's regime by Evansville: YSA, Ronald Hicks, c/o Lyles, UTAH: Salt Lake City: Shem Richards, 957 constitute only a small minority of the population. They find the 638 E. Missouri, Evansville. E. First Ave., Salt Lake 84103. (801) 355- parliamentary game so useful because it enables them to preserve George Breitman Indianapolis: Holstead-Boutelle Cam­ 3537. their mastery while appearing to offer a democratic consultation paign, P. 0. Box 654, Indianapolis, Indiana, WASHINGTON, D.C.: YSA, 3 Thomas Cir­ to the electorate. 25 cents 46206. cle, N. W., 2nd floor, Washington, D. C., Their agents manipulate the electoral mechanism by a cunning MARYLAND: Baltimore: YSA, Toby Rice, 20005. (202) 332-4635. combination of means and measures. The current French elections MERIT PUBLISHERS 2402 Calvert St., Baltimore. WASHINGTON: Seattle: SWP and YSA, provide a good example of such fraudulent procedures. These in­ MASSACHUSETTS: Baston: Militant Labar 5257 University Way N. E., Seattle 98105 clude gerrymandering election districts; monopolizing the media of 873 Broadway Forum, 295 Huntington Ave., Rm. 307. (206) 523-2555. (617) 876-5930. WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, 202 Marion (Continued on page 5) New York, N.Y. 10003 MICHIGAN: Detroit: Eugene V. Debs Hall, St. (608) 256-0857. Friday, July 5, 1968 THE MILITANT Page 3 U.S. protests hit De Gaulle's ban

Demonstrations in a dozen U. S. cities the flagpole in front of the consulate. June 22 protested the outlawing of left­ Ignoring a city ordinance barring red wing groups in France and declared sol­ or black flags, four large red flags were idarity with the struggle of the French prominently displayed by Minneapolis workers and students. All of the dem­ demonstrators in front of the French Con­ onstrations had broad support among sulate. The rally ended with David individuals and organizations in the Thorstad, SWP congressional candidate, radical, antiwar, black liberation, student leading the crowd in the singing of The and civil liberties movements. Internationale. In Atlanta, Ga., a slated demonstration In New York a march was held from at the French Consulate was sponsored Columbus Circle to the French Consulate by individuals associated with Atlantans by some 200 people. A rally after the for Peace, Workshop in Nonviolence, demonstration heard Paul Boutelle, SWP Southern Student Organizing Committee, vice-presidential nominee; David Slavin Young Socialist Alliance, National Stu­ of the Columbia Strike Committee; Fred dent Association, Atlanta Alliance for Mazelis of the Workers League; Daniel Peace, and the Committee on Social Issues Ramirez of the Dominican United Lib­ at Georgia State College. eration Front; and representatives of the More than 75 students, radicals and anti­ Iranian Student Association in the U. S. war activists picketed the French Consulate and the Spartacist League. in Boston. Sponsors of the protest action San Francisco's financial district was included John Case of the Paper Tiger, the unlikely scene of a demonstration June Harold Hector of the Boston Draft Re­ 18 as pickets gathered in front of the sistance Group, Neil Robertson of New office of the French Commercial Counseler. England Resistance, H. Stuart Singer of An added quality of the action was the the YSA, Jack Fahey of Northeastern presence of the San Francisco Mime Troupe University SDS, Professors Noam which marched into the area to the tune Chomsky, Howard Zinn and Louis of the classic Italian revolutionary song, Kampf, and Russell Johnson of the Amer­ Bandiera Rossa. ican Friends Service Committee. Philadelphia Sponsors More than 50 people from a broad In Cleveland, the demonstration at the range of organizations sponsored the con­ French Consulate was endorsed by the sulate demonstration in Philadelphia. W. E. B. DuBois Clubs; the Draft Resisters; Among them were Sandy Patrinos, the black nationalist House of Israel; Philadelphia Communist Party Organizer; Meat Cutters Local 500; the adult SDS Stewart Meachem of the American Friends group, Movement for a Democratic Society; Service Committee; the Rev. David Gracie; the Ohio Peace Action Council; the Young Katherine Camp, national president of Socialist Alliance and Socialist Workers Washington, D. C. demonstrators the Women's International League for Party. Peace and Freedom; and a number of Chicago Protest professors and antiwar activists. Leaders A demonstration and rally was held of SANE, SDS, the Resistance, Philadelphia in front of the French Consulate in Chicago Mobilization Committee and the SWP ad­ under the auspices of the YSA, SDS, dressed the rally. Vanguardia, Clark Kissinger of the Com­ Television and press gave good coverage mittee for Independent Political Action, to the demonstration in Seattle whose Sylvia Kushner of the Chicago Peace sponsors included SDS, YSA, Black Council and Dan Stern of CADRE (Chicago Panther Party, SWP, and the University Area Draft Resisters). of Washington Vietnam Committee. FRt In Detroit all the major television In thenation'scapital, 75peoplemarched stations covered the consulate picket line on the French Embassy accompanied by SPE ami sponsored by the Arab Student As­ cops on foot and motorcycle. In accor­ sociation, Black Conscience magazine, the dance with local ordinances, they were newspaper Inner City Voice, the SWP, compelled to picket 500 feet away from IM FRl 50CIAUST WORKtRS PART'i YSA and Young Socialists for Halstead the embassy. Eleven radical, antiwar and and Boutelle. black liberation groups sponsored the A hundred people in Los Angeles con­ action. A rally heard representatives of the ducted a spirited demonstration under the various groups and attorney William sponsorship of a broadly supported ad Higgs, defender of all good causes. Both hoc committee. At the end of the picket­ major dailies carried prominent reports line and rally, a red flag was hoisted up of the action.

Cleveland picket line

ON LINE. RichardLesnik, SWPnom­ inee for Pennsylvania state treasurer, Youthful Boston rights fighter Los Angeles protesters on Philadelphia picket line at French Consulate. Page 4 THE MILITANT Friday, July 5, 1968 An interview with a Brazilian revolutionary

By Harry Ring Along with military rule, U.S. investors While in Havana early this year, I saw have developed to an unequalled degree the Brazilian film, "The Guns," a stark in Brazil a series of economic, social, depiction of the hunger and misery suf­ and political measures designed to assure fered by the landless peasants of north­ continuing superprofits. eastern Brazil and the ruthless oppression There is not a significant profitable sector they suffer at the hands of the country's of the Brazilian economy that is not military. dominated by U. S. investors. Domination Also while in Havana, I had the oppor­ is assured by the most conscious and tunity to talk with Luis, a Brazilian revo­ scientific policies. Time and money are lutionary visiting Cuba. invested in the planning and developing Luis told me something of the present of resources. There is extensive socio­ conditions in Brazil and of the revolu­ logical-political research. U. S.-funded tionary movement there. He told me a Camelot-type projects make careful studies good deal about his own movement, Ac­ of class relations in Brazil. The situation cion Popular, a leading revolutionary force of the workers, peasants and students is in the country. In doing so, he indicated carefully followed. Public opinion polls he was expressing his own views and not are frequent and extensive. the official views of his party. These, To shape the ideological life ofthenation he explained, are put forward by the party and manipulate public opinion, U. S. in­ executive. terests have established full domination of To understand political developments in radio, television and the press. Brazil, he said, it is necessary to under­ The principal responsibility of the dic­ stand first of all that since its inception tatorship has been to ensure an increased his country has been dominated by impe­ flow of surplus value to the United States. rialism. At first it was the Portuguese. To this end the first act of the dictatorship Now it is the United States. was to freeze wages, despite a steady in­ There are two basic conceptions of flation. Brazil, he continued. The one, put for­ To deal with the consequences of such ward by reformists, is the notion that a course, the coincident action was the Brazil can be regarded as an independent rebuilding and reshaping of the Brazilian social and economic entity which has cer­ army. In addition to extensive antiguer­ IN RIO. Shantytown, where even skilled workers live, in Rio de Janeiro. tain problems in relation to imperialism. rilla training by U. S. specialists, there is The opposing view, adhered to by the a unique army project that goes under the name of "Civic Action." It is considered There are a variety of political and ideo­ With the coup they were declared illegal, a pilot Washington project for Latin Amer­ logical forces at work. and the junta even designated a receiver Brazilian students ica. Several political figures of the past head to act as custodian of party property. battle police Under this project brute force is combined opposition movements. One of these is However, a shift of assets had already with a Latin version of an "antipoverty'' Leono Brizzola, who had been a political been arranged. JUNE 25-Massive student dem­ program. Where there is guerrilla ac­ associate of Goulart's. Another is Miguel Shortly after the coup, the party met onstrations against the military regime tivity or other manifestation of opposition Arrais, former governor in the northeast. and redefined its role as one of orga­ of Brazilian strongman Costa e Silva to the regime, repressive forces are sent The Socialist Party, whose best-known nizing armed struggle for the liberation took place last week in Rio de Janeiro in. After the dissidents are crushed, socio­ spokesman, Francisco Juliao, had led mil­ of Brazil. The struggle, the party empha­ and Brasilia. In Rio, police attacks logical studies are made and perhaps a itant Peasant Leagues in the northeast, sized, must have a mass character. led to ihe death of four students, and hospital is built or some measure of public has been largely dispersed, though its The strategic line and organizational many were injured, some critically. sanitation introduced. Prompted by Wash­ efforts remain part of the tradition of character of the movement was reshaped At least 1,500 protesters were arrested ington, university cooperation is being the peasants, Luis told me. Juliao, who to meet the needs of an underground fight. in Rio, and some 200 were arrested sought for this project. was imprisoned, is exiled in Mexico. A program of activity among workers, in Brasilia. But the occasional hospital or sewer Moscow-line Reformists peasants and students was projected, with The students raised the slogans: system cannot alleviate the misery of the The Communist Party, Luis continued, a clear realization that victory would not "Down wiih ihe dictatorship" and "Down landless, unemployed peasant, or the dras­ has suffered considerable disintegration, come quickly or easily. with American imperialism." tic cuts in the living standard of the work­ but clings stubbornly to its reformist line. In the course of its underground work, Many workers expressed their soli­ er or middle-class person caught in the It presents itself, he said, as in opposition Luis said, the movement has acquired darity with ihe embattled students. Ac­ vise of a wage freeze and uncontrolled to the dictatorship, but in practice co­ a new and deeper understanding of Marx­ cording to the respected French journal inflation. exists with it. ism-Leninism as an essential weapon in Le Monde (June 23-24), thousands of Because of this the repressions by Cas- "Their documents," Luis said somewhat the struggle. "We have worked to apply stones and bottles were ihrown at ihe telo Branco grew more severe and finally, bitterly, "are full of mystifying talk about Marxism in a creative way, free of dog­ police from the windows of commercial to relieve the mounting social pressure, the 'electoral process,' 'peaceful transition,' matism and without becoming ossified," buildings lining the route of march. he was replaced by a more "democratic" 'progressive sectors of the bourgeoisie,' he said. "We seek a unification of theory Student lead,ers in Rio declared that gorilla, Costa e Silva. and so on." and practice in which practice does not ihe demonstrations would continue ihis New Repressive Law Promoting trade with the USSR, he suffer." week, and auihorities ihere declared But the pretense of an alleviation of added, seems to be their principal pre­ In the Face of Difficulties classes at the university suspended the brutally repressive rule was soon occupation. This coincides with the ap­ Despite the difficulties, work has been "'mdefinitely." abandoned and a new, even more re­ proach of Moscow which, Luis observed, carried on. The party publishes a na­ pressive, "national security'' law adopted. seems to prefer Brazilian coffee to Cuban. tional clandestine paper for the education revolutionaries, is that Brazil can be under­ Under it a National Security Council rules. The USSR has extended significant aid of its cadres and local ones for popular stood only as an integral part of the Military men are a majority in the Coun­ to the Brazilian oligarchy, Luis said. It distribution. world imperialist structure, of which it cil and hold all key posts. gave credit of $100 million to Castelo Work is carried on in the unions even is a product and subject part. The National Congress continues to exist, Branco. Recently it concluded a technical though they are in the viselike grip of lt is from the first thesis that the ref­ but its power is solely that of ratifying aid agreement with the Brazilian Ministry bureaucrats who cooperate with the dicta­ ormists - principally the Communist the junta's decisions. It is, Luis observed, of Education. torship. Party members seek to utilize con­ Party, he explained- develop the concept an "Amen" Congress. Not surprisingly, the Brazilian CP is crete issues to develop class-consciousness of the possibility of an alliance with an Within the framework of U.S. control bitterly opposed to the line of revolu­ and opposition to the bureaucracy and alleged "progressive" sector of the national of all the most profitable enterprises, the tionary armed struggleprojectedbyOLAS, regime. the Organization of Latin American Soli­ bourgeoisie on the road to the comple­ local oligarchy is permitted to continue Thus far two workers' demonstrations darity. In fact it didn't even participate tion of the bourgeois national revolution. swallowing up the land. As a result, as against the dictatorship have been orga­ in the OLAS conference held in Havana From the second thesis flows the concept of 1960, 20 percent of the population nized by the party. One of them, in Sao last August. that only a mass revolutionary struggle owned 80 percent of the land. Three per­ Paulo, was of significant size. There were to tear Brazil out of the imperialist frame­ cent owned 53 percent and the process A December 1967 Political Resolution victimizations, Luis said, but there was work has any historical validity. of concentration continues. of the party declared: "The Sixth Congress serious political value in that they were During the period between the first and If a peasant in the northeast, where considers that it was correct not to send the very first workers' manifestations second world wars, Luis said, the reformist this situation is most acute, is fortunate, any representative of our party to the against the regime. thesis appeared to have a certain plausibil­ he may obtain a few months work a meeting of OLAS. The decisions of OLAS The student movement has been the most ity. The conflict between the competing year cutting sugar cane. For this he re­ are opposed to the fundamental political aggressive in its opposition to the junta imperialist powers offered a small amount ceives about $12 a month. Because the and tactical line of our party." and it is within the student movement that of elbow room to the Brazilian oligarchy sugar mills in the area are largely ob­ Meanwhile, Luis told me, his own party, the line between reformism and revolu­ and gave an illusion of a real, if limited, solete, new ones have been developed in Accion Popular, has continued to develop tionary policies was first drawn. power. This was so principally during the south. Those who work in the old in a revolutionary Marxist direction. The students have also been in the fore­ the period of the 15-year Vargas dictator­ ones sometimes wait eight or nine months A national organization with bases in front, Luis said, in the development of ship, which ended in 1945. for their meager pay. With the army di­ all parts of the country, AP was founded an anti-imperialist consciousness. They But after World War II, when the U.S. rectly on hand they aren't able to do in 1962 by student leaders who had been have held militant demonstrations in soli­ imperialist interests established their un­ much about it. Luis told me of a comrade carrying on political activity among the darity with Vietnam. challenged hegemony over Brazil, the local of his who worked in one those sugar workers and peasants. oligarchy was ihrown into political crisis mills and was reduced to subsisting on The initiators of AP have been, since Congresses of the National Union of and, instead of relative stability, there were flour and water. 1961, the central leaders of the National Students in 1966 and 1967 were turned a series of sudden, violent shifts in the In the cities the situation is not much Union of Students. At their founding into major demonstrations of opposition ruling circles. This process reached a cli­ better. In Sao Paulo the cost of living Congress, they adopted a political program to the ruling clique, and large detachments max with the military coup that ended is the same as Paris, but the wages are projecting a socialist solution for Brazil of troops were sent in to quell them. the Goulart regime in 1964 and brought much lower. A house may rent for $200 and mapped expanded mass activity. A number of party members have been the military to direct political power under a month, Luis said, and a construction Until the time of the coup in '64, they sentenced to prison but so far have not Castelo Branco. worker, for example, will earn about $30 were able to develop a significant degree been apprehended. Rule by Force a month. This "privileged" worker is com­ of support for their revolutionary Despite the difficulties, the morale of the The coup, Luis said, signified that the pelled to live in one of the favelas, or program, particularly among the students movement is good, Luis said. "We know situation in Brazil had reached the point shantytowns that ring the major cities. and peasants, and played a leading role we have a hard road," he commented, where the U. S. masters could rule only It is in this difficult situation that the in a number of important peasant "but then we have the example of the through direct military force. liberation movement is seeking to develop. struggles. Vietnamese." Friday, July 5, 1968 THE MILITANT Page 5 Eyewitness to cop brutality in Paris

The following eyewitness accounts of the Statement of a medical student: sadistic treatment of Paris students by the When we got out of the van, a double CRS (paramilitary security police) appear­ row of police received us, making us run ed in the June 17 issue of the West German a gauntlet of rubber truncheons. Among weekly Der Spiegel . us were high-school boys and girls who were all around 17 years old. Although Statement of a 28-year-old woman: the girls were in tears and completely Along with about 10 other people on the hysterical, they were mistreated in the most night of May 24-25 at about 1:30 in the infamous way and beaten again and again. morning I ran into the entrance of No. 27, I got a blow in the testicles. Another man Boulevard Saint-Michel. Suddenly about got three furious blows in the same place. ten CRS cops with screams like nothing Because of his pain, he could not answer I have ever heard and armed with rubber the increasingly maddened cops. truncheons and shields stormed into the The girls, who were all very young, entranceway. We ran up the stairs and were beaten on their sexual organs. The knocked on all the doors, but to no avail. foulest insults were heaped on them. They Finally, a young man kicked open a door were threatened with rape. Then we were to get his pregnant wife into a safe place. stuffed in a cell and had to stand tightly RED FLAG. Rank and file unionists demonstrated 800,000 strong May 29 I rushed in after him. crowded together. The air was stifling. at call of General Confederation of Labor. Demonstration was characterized The apartment was unoccupied and there There was only one tiny opening . . . by sea of red flags of socialist revolution. Here, contingent of atomic workers was no furniture we could hide behind. Sweat saturated the air, running down marches. The next day, May 30, de Gaulle made a four minute speech, and The young couple fled into the bathroom. the walls. The stench was unbearable. leaders of CP and CGT beat a cowardly retreat and intensified their drive to But shortly afterwards the CRS broke The toilets were stopped up. dissipate revolutionary upsurge. down the door and attacked the couple. Outside we heard someone say: I had hidden in another room which by "Wouldn't it be fun to toss a few tear­ some miracle they did not come into. gas grenades in there." And: "We should I heard how the woman screamed, "I'm pour gasoline over them and burn them french elections pregnant." But she was beaten anyway. all." ••• "You slut, you'll soon find out how preg­ (Continued from page 2) nant you are." They left the almost un­ Statement of a volunteer nurse arrested mass communications, radio, TV, the The ingrained reformist illusions of the conscious pregnant woman lying in the in an ambulance: press; deceiving the voters about the issues; Stalinists were best expressed by the Com­ doorway. Beaujon was a kind of concentration inciting false fears; and preventing revolu­ munist spokesman who declared that, just camp. As we got out of the police van, tionary voices from being heard. as de Gaulle could substitute the Fifth blows rained on us. After being driven Confronted with the unparalleled mass Republic for the Fourth after receiving through a gauntlet of CRS cops, I came offensive, de Gaulle first called for a refer­ 80 percent of the vote in a plebiscite, so into a barbed-wire enclosure. From time to endum, that is, another vote of confidence the CP could not and would not move for time, the CRS vans brought in men and in his authoritarian rulership. As soon as a revollltionary change in France until women who had been beaten or were he saw that the people would not renew and unless it had obtained a similar per­ suffering from tear-gas poisoning. Some that mandate, he turned around and de­ centage of the vote. This is more than a of them had serious head wounds and creed immediate elections to replace the lame excuse for its gross default in a rev­ broken arms. Chinese, Vietnamese and immobilized National Assembly in which olutionary situation; it is a fatal attitude Negroes were given especially brutal treat­ the Gaullists had only an unreliable two­ for a workers' party to have in a capitalist ment. vote majority. state. One by oneweweretakeninto different en­ He prohibited any public demonstrations The Social Democratic reformists have closures. A CRS cop yelled at me: "Come during the brief election period. His pre­ long refused on principle to introduce so­ here, Goldylocks, and I'll give you a mier outlawed 11 of the left-wing organiza­ cialist measures before they attained a shearing." A CRS sergeant intervened. But tions which had headed the mass move­ parliamentary majority- and, then, even I saw that a young girl in front of me ment and his secret police rounded up their where they did do so in Scandinavia, they had her hair forcibly shaved off. leaders and kept them incommunicado. failed to touch the foundations of capitalist I was locked in a cell . . . Through Revolutionary publications could not be power and property. Now the Stalinists the bars I could see out into the court. issued while the press controlled by big have taken over their policy and A half-naked young man went by, his business circulated by the millions. The perspective. legs lacerated by club blows. He was student youth who were in the forefront of Such a course contains catastrophic con­ bleeding and constantly had to urinate. the anti-Gaullist movement were disfran­ sequences for the working class- and de­ From a young woman who was with chised by age. The superexploited foreign mocracy itself. The political executives of him I learned that the CRS had beaten workers had neither voice nor vote. De­ big business rarely suffer from any idoli­ him unconscious and then spread him spite the prolonged protest strikes of the zation of electoral processes or parliamen­ out and beaten his genitals until the skin personnel against official censorship, the tarism and are not handicapped by such a hung in tatters. government contrived to keep hold of its crippling disease. When the relation of class Young girls were brought in. Among radio-TV monopoly. forces runs against them and democratic them was a 16-year-old girl who had been While seeking to reinforce its own dic­ legality can no longer safeguard their dom­ SPECIAL FORCES. Guardes Mobiles, arrested by the CRS on the Boulevard tatorial grip on the country by pardoning ination, they do not hesitate to scrap it in like the C RS a special police force, wait Saint-Michel. They had dragged her into and releasing convicted fascist and ultra­ favor of military or fascist dictatorship, with sick smiles for order to attack stu­ a police van where four cops gang-raped right military conspirators, the whole as Greece has just shown. dents. Below, wounded demonstrator. her. Gaullist apparatus hammered on the theme During the 1930's that happened in Ger­ that France was threatened by"totalitarian many, Austria, Spain, and France itself dictatorship." Thus the capitalists in power in 1937-38 after the victory of the Popular gained an edge by holding the elections Front. Still more ominous are the prece­ in an atmosphere of fraud, force, and fear. dents set by de Gaulle himself in both !:ven so, the Gaullist bloc got about 1944-47 and 1958 when he became the as many votes as the ten million workers spearhead of capitalist reaction and in­ who participated in the general strike, oc­ stalled his personal rule in place of the cupied the plants, ran up the red flag, supremacy of parliament. thereby indicating their desire for a radical Does it take much foresight to recognize change. However, these two magnitudes do that the General intends to repeat in 1968 not have equivalent social, economic and what he did in 1944-47 and in 1958 and, political weight. If the ten million strikers if necessary, with far more ferocity? and their allies had been correctly oriented Even at this moment his regime does and directed, they could have counted for not rest upon the National Assembly. He far more than the mixed bag of votes holds himself above parliament. His rule gathered by the right-wing camp. is based upon presidential decrees imple­ The Gaullist defenders of capitalism were mented by his bureaucratic apparatus, the well aware of this fact. They scheduled the police and army. That is the real center elections so hastily in order to take the of state power, not the castrated Assembly. struggle away from streets and the factories This Bonaparte is getting ready to proceed and divert it through the ballot box and with harsh punitive measures againstwork­ the National Assembly where it could be er and student resistance once the electoral dissipated and talked to death. farce is off the stage. The Communist Party leaders approved He views the elections as a stopgap which this electoral maneuver because they were can serve, with the help of the CP, to de­ as fearful of the fight for power carried on mobilize the masses. As soon as the situa­ by the students and strikers, and as anxious tion is restabilized and the offensive of the to shuffle it away, as were the Gaullists. workers is broken, he counts on reversing They vied with the reactionaries in present­ the relation offorces byresortto repression. ing themselves as the guardians of "repub­ However, this operation will be easier to lican legality and order'' against the ultra­ plot than to carry out. Although the work­ left "anarchists and adventurers." They at­ ers have discontinued their strike, they have tributed the increased Gaullist vote, not to not gone back to the job defeated or de­ their own cowardly conduct in the crisis, moralized. Their forces are intact. The di­ but to the evil machinations of "the leftist rection France will take in the months groups manipulated by the Interior Min­ ahead will be determined, not by a power­ istry," a slanderous attack upon the defen­ less Assembly and its debates, but by the sive actions of the students and workers result of the next encounters between the against police violence. radicalized masses and the ruling powers. Page 6 THE MILITANT Friday, July 5, 1968

STILL FIGHTING. Vietnamese liberation fighters continue their struggle against view that U.S. antiwar demonstrations have been a major contribution to the long, murderous U. S. assault. Their tenacity has inspired revolutionaries liberation movement and have expressed their hope for continuing mass actions. throughout the world and has been a major factor in international upsurge of Would anyone in the U. S. seriously concerned with revolutionary solidarity revolutionary struggle. Vietnamese have on a number of occasions stated their tell these fighters, "We're tired of marching"? Why SMC exclusionists duck issues

By Harry Ring and Lew Jones the struggle against the Vietnam war and right politically or are there already. sibility for the right-wing views expressed taking a course that would inevitably lead Linda Morse responded by asserting that by those she is associated with in the ex­ A rather curious event took place at to the dissolution of the SMC into an inef­ she fully agreed on the need for continuing clusionist "independent" caucus, by assert­ the New York Militant Labor Forum on fectual multi-issue hodgepodge. mass demonstrations against the war. But ing, "We all have different ideas." the evening of June 21. Linda Morse, exec­ This exclusionist grouping, he explained, there is a need in addition, she said, for (It was necessary for her to state this utive secretary of the Student Mobilization had fired Kipp Dawson and Syd Stapleton more antidraft activity and for more cam­ after Art Goldberg, 33-year-old voting Committee to End the War in Vietnam, de­ from the staff of SMC because, as members pus organizing by SMC. member of the Working Committee of the bated Lew Jones, national chairman of of the Young Socialist Alliance, they were She added that she did not favor SMC student body, got up in the discussion per­ the Young Socialist Alliance, on the issues insisting that SMC continue on the course becoming a multi-issue movement but did iod to voice his now well-known opposi­ behind the present crisis in the SMC. Linda agreed on at its national conference- orga­ feel that the coalition must broaden its tion to the antiwar coalition organizing Morse spent most of her time trying to nizing mass action against the war and scope of activity to include the fight against mass demonstrations.) demonstrate that there really were no sig­ opposing the draft, racism and campus white racism. If it is really true that the "independent" nificant issues in dispute. Those who took complicity with the war. Moreover, she said, she favored the Con­ caucus is simply a conglomeration of in­ her word for it surely must have then won­ Wherever there has been an effort to purge tinuations Committee of SMC supporting dividuals holding a variety of differing dered what the fireworks are all about. revolutionary socialists from a movement, the Aug. 3 antiwar demonstration being ideas, then one must ask just what is the Lew Jones explained that the SMCWork­ Jones emphasized, it has, without exception, organized by the New York Fifth Avenue purpose of their caucus. If it doesn't have ing Committee majority was moving to the been a sure sign that those trying to con­ Vietnam Peace Parade Committee and or­ ideas in common, is it simply a clique out right politically, that it was retreating from duct the purge are either moving to the ganizing similar Aug. 3 demonstrations to grab control of the organization? throughout the country. There is a strong element of fact to such And, as if to underline her commitment an estimate. But there is also another ele­ to a radical position, she advised the audi­ ment involved. When people band together The French example ence that if she had to choose between the without consideration of political program, YSA for leadership of the American revo­ they invariably find themselves being used by people who do have a program. A I think the effectiveneas of the Stu­ stration in front of the American Ex­ lution as against the Communist Party, dent Mobilization Committee and the press. The cops attacked it and there would be no contest. It would be the "caucus" without a program becomes a tool for people with a program that they prefer antiwar movement rests upon its abil­ arrested one of my comrades, a mem­ YSA. ity to mobilize more and more Amer­ ber of the Revolutionary Communist Curious Situation not to present openly. For example, the CP wants the move­ ican people against the war, and not Youth, a sister organization of the This is certainly a curious situation. just mobilize them but mobilize them YSA. Linda Morse asserts that politically she is ment to give up organizing radical dem­ onstrations against the war and get into in action..- in street action. That's the The French National Vietnam Com· far closer to the YSA than to the CP. Yet cruCial thing. mittee organized that demonstration. she is the principal spokesman for a group reformist electoral politics. They would far Now if that requires a mobilization Out of that came a demonstration that on the Working Committee that is in a bloc rather smuggle such ideas in and have every six months, so be it. There can seized the building to protest the police with the CP to deny YSA members the them put into practice piecemeal than to state openly and frankly something that be action. there can be drama and action. And outofthat,thethingl!lpread right to function on the SMC staff and they know would alienate every militant imagination and so on. But I can to the campul!les and eventually the whose currently charted course would de­ opponent of the war. give you an example ·of how that working class itself was mobilized. stroy the movement. action can· be effective and what I It's that kind of action here in this In a political dispute, when someone de­ Real Program hope to see in this country. In fact country that I think we want to look clares agreement with the left and then This aspect- a caucus without a pro­ I'm pretty sure we will see it. forward to. It's reaching out, trying proceeds to bloc with the right against the gram being used by people who do have You'll note that a couple of weeks to draw people into activity to the left, the only logical conclusion to be drawn one- is quite apparent in the case of the ago there was a general strike in point where we will bring this coun­ is that their radicalism is really of a verbal SMC exclusionists. Linda Morse may as­ France. Well, it's a fact- a fact- that try to a stop, if necessary, to end character and serves only to provide a left sure a meeting of the Militant Labor Forum that general .strike was started by anti· this war. cover for a group with a basically refor­ that she's all for a continuing struggle war activity. The French National -Lew Jones in reply to aquestion mist outlook. against the war and for continuing mass Vietnam Committee held a demon- during debate with Linda Morse. In her Militant Labor Forum presenta­ action. But meanwhile members of her tion, Linda Morse tried to avoid respon- caucus are mapping a program of action Friday, July 5, 1968 THE MILITANT Page 7 Letter from Leslie Cagan Bronx, N.Y. I would like to inform you that in your article. on the (ijffic::ulties within the SMC in the June 21 issU,e (page 9) I was misquoted. Th,equote reads, in the paper, "students h~ve moved from a mobilizing mentalityJo a student men~ tality." What I had said in my position paper was that students have moved from a "mobilizing mentality to an organizing mentality.'' t realize that the mistake was an accident and nothing intentional. You also, though, did refer to me as an "exclusionist." I do notfeel that I have to once again explain my position here- I explain it in my position paper. Perhaps a closer reading of it on your part would. be in order. In any event, I do not feel the term "exdusionisf' can justifiably be .applied to rny attitude or position vis-a-vis the situation in SMC at this point. I do hope that in the future you shall be a bit more selective in the terms you use to describe people. Thank you. Sincerely; Leslie Cagan SMC Coordinator ••• and a reply

We regret the garbled quotation; it menting policy, then either the various was the result of a typographical error. groupings involved in setting those pol­ We were selective with the terms we icies have the right to join in imple­ menting them or they are, in fact, used. We referred to Leslie Cagan as De Gaulle's cops prepare to advance on students. an exclusionist on the basis of her victims of political exclusion. The truth record. She was among those on the of the matter is that there must be SMC Working Committee who voted for "slots" for the political groupings and the original exclusionary motion that the independents if the coalition is to only "independents" could be members survive. of the SMC staff. The result was the Nor are we impressed by the asser­ Your help is needed! voluntary resignation of Communist tion that Dawson and Stapleton were Party representative PhyllisKalb(who fired for implementing policies other Since the outbreak of the French revolutionary struggle, The Militant voted for the exclusion motion) and than those of SM C. Even if that were has extended itself far beyond its normal resources to assure compre­ the firing of Kipp Dawson and Syd true- which it is not-such a sweep­ hensive, firsthand reporting and analysis of these momentous events, Stapleton, members of the Young So­ ing action should .have been submitted to the democratic decision of a broader including sending two reporters and two photographers to France. For cialist Alliance. weeks we have been publishing 12 pages instead of our usual eight. Leslie Cagan was among those who body than the Working Committee. then voted the following week to for­ Further, in the interest of avoiding Now the repressions against revolutionary movements in France mally rescind the indefensible exclu­ a costly struggle in the SMC, both the make our special coverage particularly vital. De Gaulle's outlawing of sionary motion and then voted to re­ YSA and SWP accepted an invitation the French Trotskyist movement and other revolutionaries demands affirm the practical result of that mo­ from Dave Dellinger to a mediation meeting. They also responded to and the widest exposure. This is essential if there is to be an effective tion- the firing of the two Young So­ movement of solidarity with these persecuted revolutionaries who cialists. put forward the proposal made by In her position paper, Leslie Cagan Dellinger that Stapleton and .. Dawson have played such a key role in the French events. concedes that all political viewpoints be returned to the !>!!iff .and then with­ Gaining that publicity is made more difficult by the curtain of silence should be represented on the Working draw, and that Lew Jones of YSA be imposed by both the capitalist press and that section of the world Committee. But she repeats the argu­ added to the staff. At that meeting Linda Morse, and press controlled by the pro-Moscow Communist parties. ment that staff members should be se­ Our coverage of the French events has included an exclusive inter­ lected solely on the basis of individual others associated with her, accepted this "merit," and that there mustbeno"slots" proposal. Later, they, other "indepen­ view with Alain Krivine, leader of the outlawed Revolutionary Com­ dents" and the CPers on the Working on the staff for the political groupin~ munist Youth; an interview with young Renault workers; firsthand that are part of the coalition consti­ Committee voted··down. thi$ C.()!,1ipto­ accounts of the fighting on the barricades of the latin Quarter; eye­ tuting SMC. mise proposal, which would have af­ forded them the opportunity to dem­ witness reports of the massive labor-student demonstrations. This is but one more formula for As necessary, we will continue to publish special 12-page issues to retaining the policy of political exclu­ onstrate that it wasnotmetelyasmoke­ sion while formally disclaiming it. (The screen when they f()rmally rescinded cover the continuing French developments. first "official" document issued by the the exclusionary motion. (The only In addition, we are putting aside our regular biweekly summer "independenf' caucus boasts there is YSAer they said they were willing to schedule. The Militant will appear every weekthroughoutthe summer. presently not a single member of a put on staff was HowardPetrick.-wl)o, it had been already explained, was not Supporters of The Militant are organizing special sales to bring the political grouping on staff!) paper to wider layers of students and workers. Clearly, unqualified individuals available!) should not be SMC staff members. But The Real Issue All of this requires a heavy financial outlay in addition to our nor­ if there is to be a genuine coalition, What is involved in the demandJor mally strained budget. WE NEED YOUR HELP! including organizations and indepen­ the reinstatement of Kipp Dawson and Help us finance the regular weekly Militant throughout the summer. Syd Stapleton is not simply justice for dents, the principle of nonexclusion Help publish 12-page issues as needed. Help the circulation drive. must be applied on all levels of the two outstanding builders of SMC,but also a most compelling politicaLissue. SEND AS GENEROUS A FINANCIAl CONTRIBUTION AS YOU CAN. organization. It is meaningless to say DO IT TODAY! that political groupings should have a The whole history of the violation of voice in policy-making and then add the nonexclusion principle demon­ there is no reason why they need par­ strates that such violations are inevi­ ticipate in implementing policy through tably used to shift the movement to the ------clip and mail------· representation on staff. right. You can't have it both ways. If the The exclusion of revolutionary so­ The Militant, 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 staff is simply a purely technical-ad­ cialists from the staff of SMC is one Yes, I want to help finance The Militant's special coverage of the French events. ministrative body, in no way involved more expression of that kind of politi­ with policy, then there is little justifi­ cal development. That is why the cor­ Enclosed is my contribution of ... cation for a fight to keep members of rect name of the so-called independent political groupings off staff. caucus is the exclusionist caucus, arid NAME the deadly objective political logic of No "Slots"? their actions is a move to the right and STREET If, on the other hand- as is the a retreat from the fight to get the U.S. reality- staff members have the re­ troops out of Vietnam. CITY ...... STATE ...... ZIP . sponsibility of interpreting and imple- - Lew Jones and Harry Ring

that goes in a diametrically opposite di­ this and other position papers, but to sim­ to push for. Every move to divert the SMC line of running away from the struggle to rection. ply "implement" them!) from mass action against the war has the stop the war. All of the left-wing verbiage For example, LindaMorse'scoexclusion­ This program would have antiwar acti­ full support of the CP. And the attempt to in the world can't cover up that fact. ists in the New York High School Mobili­ vists spend the summer as "white civilizing purge the movement of revolutionary sSoviet Union: Stalin's enemy, for years disappeared as soon as they If that's what you are aiming toward-if you support: Trotsky. With this portrait, the paper be­ were put on the tables. Leaflets and papers black power, Cuba, the colonial revolution, Vietnamese liber­ gan publication of Isaac Deutscher's book, were snatched out of distributors' hands ation fighters, the antiwar The Unfinished Revolution, which projects faster than they could be passed out. a new proletarian revolution for the Soviet Students were also anxious to listen and movement, the fight for so­ Union." discuss. Four- and five-hour meetings, with cialist democracy in Eastern an initial short presentation followed by Europe, revolutionary so­ long discussion, were considered normal. cialist candidates, a socialist JCR buttons 2se The JCR held open forums in the Sorbonne every day at 5:00 p.m. Regardless of the America Then you belong in the Humphrey's view Young Socialist Alliance. of Black America clip and mail Hustling Hubert, who likes to pretend he Young Socialist Alliance is a "friend" of black people, blames TV P. 0. Box 471, Cooper Station for the uprisings in the ghettos. "If the New York, New York 10003 media are going to broadcast the emo­ 0 I want to join the YSA tional appeals of the Stokely Carmichaels," 0 I would like more information he writes in the July 9 issue of Look, "it is like throwing gasoline on the flames. Name ...... · · · · · · · · · I have discovered even in my campaign that Negro youth particularly like to get Address ...... On orders of 20 or more, 17c each. on television. Half of the jumping, push­ Order from: Young Socialist Alliance, ing and shoving that goes on in a cam­ City ...... P. 0. Box 471, Cooper Station,. New paign is a desire on the part of the State ...... Zip ...... On April 15, 1967 antiwar demonstration York, N.Y. 10003 youngster in the ghetto to have some publicity, to see his picture on television." Friday, July 5, 1968 THE MILITANT Page 9 Revolutionary youth advancing in Europe The daily press in the U. S., as part Student Socialist Organization), which of its systematic effort to play down the joined the Brussels Conference last year. French events, has reported very little Equally important, an international ad about the revolutionary youth groups in­ hoc committee of student and youth leaders volved in the actions. was established, and they still meet at two­ The lords of the British press, however, or three-month intervals in Paris, Brussels, have taken a different approach. Seriously Frankfurt, Berlin and other European disturbed by the depth of revolutionary cities. sentiment across the Channel, they have The organization's leaders plan to hold been giving extensive coverage of the their next meeting in Strasbourg in a few developing youth movement in France weeks. and in Europe generally. Of course, this As a result of all this, the German Dut­ coverage has been from a hostile view­ schke, who was almost killed a few weeks point, and an attempt is made to paint ago by an assassin, is constantly in touch a picture of violent conspirators-for ex­ with Alain Krivine, the composed extrem­ ample, in the article below: "Krivine dis­ ist who heads the French JCR [Jeunesse patched one of his key agitators" to speak Communiste Revolutionnaire- Revolu­ in Belgium. tionary Communist Youth]. The following are excerpts from an French and German students keep in article by Malcolm Southan which contact with. Belgian firebrands and also appeared in the June 7 London Sun. with Tariq Ali, the highly literate Pakistani IN BERLIN. German Socialist Students Federation (SDS) hosted conference The student revolt which now challenges who headed the Grosvenor Square dem­ of revolutionary European youth early this year in West Berlin. Western Europe began- as nearly as any­ onstration [in Britain] ... one can put a date on it-in October, The links developed have proved lasting present European student unrest. joined to the Fourth International di­ 1966, in the big Belgian industrial town and highly effective . . . But everywhere I have been in Europe rectly- are Marxist-Trotskyist in tone. These include the German SDS and yet of Liege. Hundreds of foreign students, particu­ their influence has been obvious. Several thousand representatives from larly German SDS members, have been The Fourth International was founded another organization in Britain, called the increasingly vocal student organiza­ in Paris recently. At the same time, at by Leon Trotsky, the one-time Russian International Socialism, which has close tions of Europe had gone there to march the height of the Parisian crisis, Krivine revolutionary leader who broke with Stalin links with British universities. against the Vietnam war and NATO ... dispatched one of his key agitators, Daniel and was eventually murdered on his orders. The Trotskyists' success lies in their After the Liege demonstration there was Bensaid, to speak at a Brussels cafe, Le Dedicated to workers' control and truly ability to harness both the idealism and an informal conference. Here, for the first Maillot Jaune (The Yellow T-Shirt), to international revolution, contemptuous of the unrest of the students. time, the young hotheads of Europe, the some of the students who were to play a the Russian Communist regime, which they At present many students believe not only that their universities are being run students from the movements who were key part in the takeover of Brussels Uni­ regard as bureaucratic and complacent, in an archaic way but also that the soon to matter, got down to business ... versity. this uncompromising outfit has for many Western countries' conduct on race, on The loose organization which emerged At the Grosvenor Square protest in years been shrugged off as having little Vietnam, and in their whole relationship from that meeting has been called the March, when police battled with demon­ more than nuisance value. with the underdeveloped world, betrays Vanguard Youth Movement or, more com­ strators, Krivine made a raspingly ag­ The French organization, headed by the inherent selfishness of capitalism. monly, the Brussels Conference. gressive speech and the demonstration it­ Pierre Frank, once Trotsky's personal As always, as in the Europeofthe 1930s, Since Liege in '66, two other large-scale self was strengthened by 70-odd German secretary, and based in the working-class it is ideas which excite students and move formal meetings of the Conference have SDS members . . . district near the Gare de l'Est, has this them to action. already taken place. The first was in Brus­ It would be too crude to claim that the instruction pinned on the inside of its The ideas which have arrested the minds sels in February, 1967, and the latest was Trotskyist Fourth International- the 30- door: "Very important. Look through the of the young militants of Europe come three months ago in West Berlin, staged year-old revolutionary organization which spyhole before opening." not only from Trotsky's texts and the by Rudi Dutschke's famous SDS (German has headquarters in Paris-is behind the Despite this melodramatic stuff the orga­ nization has been making progress. It office of the Fourth International in Paris. has made contact with the young hotheads They come from left-wing writers of many of Europe. leanings- Che Guevara, the Argentine­ In France, many members of Krivine's born hero of the Cuban revolution; Frantz JCR are members of the Fourth Interna­ Fanon, the powerful anticolonialist writer Black Liberation Notes tional. from Martinique; the Belgian political Here in Britain, regarded on the Con­ theorist Ernest Mandel; Regis Debray, the 27-year-old Frenchman now imprisoned Black newsletter wealth: It said, "Great White Father, Great tinent as the baby of the protest move­ White Oppressor, Great White Colonialist." ment, Tariq Ali says he has recently in Bolivia for his pro-revolutionary sym­ at Dodge plant joined the Fourth International. pathies; HerbertMarcuse, the German-born Ballot status threatened Pat Jordan, a middle-aged veteran of professor from the U.S. who brilliantly Black workers at the huge Dodge As­ the political scene and another leading blitzes the rat race of Western society; and, sembly Plant in Hamtramck, Mich., are The Lowndes County Freedom Party light in the Vietnam Solidarity Campaign, from earlier periods, Marx, Engels and causing a stir with the circulation of a in Alabama may have to fight for its says quite frankly that he is secretary of Rosa Luxemburg. plant-wide truth-telling newsletter called position on the ballot in the upcoming the International Marxist Group, an orga­ The net result is a generation more Drum. elections. The Freedom Party, commonly nization associated with the Fourth Inter­ impatient than any before, disdainful of The purpose of the newsletter is to expose known as the Black Panther Party, is run­ national ... wordmongers who are not prepared to and put an end to the racist policies of ning five candidates for county offices. Furthermore, many organizations in the fight in the streets for change. A generation management and union officials at Dodge, We reported several months ago that European protest movement- though not hungry for revolution ... where 60 percent of the workers are black. a white judge in Lowndes County had The first issue features "The Case ofWillie been threatened and had 600 of his cattle Bookins." Bookins, a black UAW member poisoned by local racists because he was with 17 years seniority, was fired and cooperating with a Freedom Party request charged with felonious assault after being that he not release the names of black attacked by plant guards who claim they candidates, who feared for their safety Jewell Dunne, 66, dies thought he was carrying a bomb into the if they became known. plant. The "bomb" turned out to be two Since then, we have learned from a By V. R. Dunne hot sausages. Militant reporter who recently returned Another issue of Drum describes how from Lowndes that the threats have con­ Jewell Flaherty Dunne, 66, died May 6 sensitive to the black workers' problems Chrysler's Huber Foundry was closed tinued, and that the judge is giving in in Minneapolis. as well as those of other minority groups. down in a spontaneous strike after the to the racists under pressure. Now he is She was a charter member of Office Raised in a family of union railroad assassination of Martin Luther King. Drum implying that the Freedom Party candi­ Employees Local 12 or, as it was called workers, she had termed herself a "Debs has special words for an Uncle Tom shop dates never filed to run for office in the in the early days, the Office Workers Union. woman" for a number of years when I steward who opposed the strike. Theywarn first place. The Minneapolis Labor Review in its May first met her. She was a supporter of the that "any time a black union steward is There is a law in Lowndes County 16 issue had this to say of her impres­ Russian Revolution and was excited and more concerned about getting whitey to which says a party must file letters stating sive record in the labor movement: happy when the CIO won its sensational smile at him than in helping his brothers their intention to run by March 1. The "Mrs. Dunne was elected secretary of victories. She was an avid student of labor (union or otherwise), he's got to go." Freedom Party did file the letters on time, the Central Labor Union, a position she history and considered Labor's Giant Step and they have carbon copies of them to held four years. by Art Preis the book which every trade Newton trial prove it. John Hulett, founder of the Party, "Sister Jewell Dunne was office secretary unionist as well as campus youth should Huey P. Newton, Black Panther Party told The Militant, "We are going to fight for Building Service Employees Local 26 read. Minister of Defense, will go on trial July this through to the end." for the last 12 years. Previously she work­ Jewell considered herself a revolutionary 8 on frame-up charges of murdering an - Elizabeth Barnes ed 11 years for Bartenders Local 152. socialist, a supporter of the Trotskyists Oakland, Calif., cop. Newton's trial was "Her first job, in 1924, was with the after we were expelled by the then Stalinized postponed at the time of the Kennedy Central Labor Union as office girl. She Communist Party in 1928. Butshethought assassination on the grounds that he could stayed 17 years. her place was in helping the trade-union not receive a fair hearing at that time. "Jewell also was recording secretary, movement develop its potential power for president and financial secretary of Stenog­ a better world for all the oppressed. Great white father raphers, Typists and Bookkeepers Local Although not a member of the Socialist When Gov. Nelson Rockefeller spoke 17 661- the forerunner of Office Employ­ Workers Party, Jewell was a party sup­ at predominantly black Spelman College ees Local 12. porter, helping out on her days off and in Atlanta, Ga., he was greeted by a group "She was a member of organized labor with contributions. In the years before of students who questioned him about for over 40 years and devoted her entire her health would not permit it, she always his holdings in The Chase Manhattan life to the labor movement." campaigned for the SWP candidates. She Bank, which invests in South Mrica. In 1937 she married Miles B. Dunne. viewed the two-party system as one party Rockefeller's reply was, "I know Chase He was an active trade unionist and be­ of two factions, with no real distinction. Manhattan Bank and it does business came one of the outstanding leaders and I met her for dinner a few weeks before throughout the world." organizers of the three victorious Team­ her death. Jewell was not feeling well, One student in the crowd carried a sign sters' strikes in 1934 in Minneapolis. but talked cheerfully about the SWP pres­ that seemed to sum up the essential nature Jewell was not only a skilled stenographer idential ticket. She handed me a check for of this man whose family owns not an punch and bookkeeper, she was an active fighter $50 and said "more later." That was typical inconsiderable portion of the world's "I'm so glad you're opposed to looting." for the rights of the working class- always of Jewell over the years. Page 10 THE MILITANT Friday, July 5, 1968 Opposition develops in N.Y. teachers un1on• Opposition to the racist policies of the '· ·~ , . ·: Shanker leadership of the United Federa­ 'i·:··.· tion of Teachers in New York has led •.·.·•.··.·•... ·....·.·.•.··.·.• ..· to the formation within the union of a new party, the New Coalition. Starting with the UFT strike last September, when Shanker led the union ~!~s~ into a head-on conflict with the black and nated elections committee violated its own Puerto Rican communities over the issue regulations by faililig to make sure that of community control of the ghetto schools, members received the special election issue many teachers began to feel the need to of the union newspaper along with their oppose the course Shanker has charted ballots. for the union. This special issue of the newspaper was The issue has flared again in the con­ the only place where teachers could read troversy over schools in the Brooklyn the programs of all the union parties. Ocean Hill- Brownsville ghetto. Shanker Since it was mailed third class from Wash­ has continually fought against the demand ington, D. C., many thousands of UFT for black and Puerto Rican control of members received it after they voted (and their own schools, even opposing Mayor some didn't receive it at all). Lindsay's plans for token "decentraliza­ Despite these manipulations, the New tion." This course has led to a sharp Coalition received a bout 10 percent of split between the black and Puerto Rican the vote, which equalled the vote of the communities and the UFT, which is only traditional loyal opposition party, Staff. serving to weaken the union. Last week the New Coalition sponsored The New Coalition has called for an a public meeting in support of community alliance of the UFT with the black and control of the schools. More than 500 teach­ Puerto Rican communities in a struggle ers attended the meeting. Plans were an­ for fundamental change in the deterior­ nounced to publish a regular opposition ating school system, on the basis of support newspaper within the union and to establish to the demand for black and Puerto Rican the coalition on a permanent basis. HARLEM BOYCOTT. UFT leadership has come into conflict with black and control of ghetto schools. Also last week, in response to an The New Coalition was formed two Puerto Rican communities many times in past few years. During community announcement by the Board of Education boycott of I. S. 201 in 1966 for community control, UFT scabbed on boycott months ago to challenge the Shanker-led that 2,800 teachers were being dropped Unity Party in the annual UFT elections. next year, the New Coalition quickly called and opposed it. It was formed by the merger of five opposi­ another meeting. Some 200 teachers tional groups within the UFT: Teachers showed up, and the floor was opened to for a New Alternative, Teachers Freedom them to discuss this purge. Militant Phila. teachers fight Party, Equality, Puerto Rican Teachers It became evident that many of these for Community Control and UFT Teachers teachers were either fired or transferred for Community Control. because of their support of community During the election the New Coalition control of the schools or their opposition racist union bureaucracy charged the Shanker leadership with to the Vietnam war. More than 100 By Joel Aber manipulation, when the Shanker-domi- teachers have already reported to the New PHILADELPHIA- "Racism is destroy- school board has readily given in on this Coalition that they were dismissed or ing our union. It's in your own self- point, thus giving city officials a scape- transferred from their jobs because of their interest to heed our plea." Thus spoke goat- pointing to the union as the cause political views. Yet the UFT leadership about 50 concerned teachers at an angry of inferior instruction of ghetto children. has not uttered a word in their support. confrontation with the executive board To add fuel to the fire, the present PFT Instead Shanker has directed his fire of the PhiladelphiaFederation of Teachers contract demands include the granting to against the experimental local governing (PFT), AFL-CIO on June 5. teachers of the "same authority over pupils board in the Ocean Hill-Brownsville BERKELEY Only two members of the executive that their parents exercise, both in school district, charging it with failure to provide board, union president Frank Sullivan and while the pupils are in transit to and CLASSES ON SOCIAUSM. Every Sunday, 8:00p.m. due process for dismissed teachers. The 2519A Telegraph Ave. Ausp. Berkeley YSA. and chief negotiator John Ryan, deigned from school." In other words, the PFT present UFT leadership has sought to use to show up at this previously scheduled leadership is demanding the right to use the controversy in Ocean Hill-Brownsville meeting, and they categorically denied the corporal punishment, just in case the CHICAGO• to discredit the principle of community possibility that any of their actions could teacher's identification with the cop is not FRANCE: PAST AND PRESENT. Mon., July 8, 8:00 control of the schools and at the same be interpreted as racist. already crystal clear in the student's mind. p.m., Speaker: Lynn Henderson; Thurs., July 11, 8:00 time divert attention from their own failure But the union militants were armed with On this point, the school board appears p.m., Speaker: Gus Horowitz. FRANCE 1968: REVO. to fight for teachers who have been frred a four-page bill of particulars documenting more than willing to give in, with the WTIONARY PERSPECTIVES. Sun., July 14, 7 p.m. or transferred throughout the city. the pattern of racism exhibited by union additional proviso that teachers be made Speaker: Barry Sheppard, editor, The Militant. 302 Opposition to the Shanker leadership officials during the past few months. to work one-half hour longer each day S. Conal St. Contribution: 35c per session. Ausp. So­ came to a head on June 19 at a meeting The PFT won bargaining rights only to patrol the school grounds- at no ad- cialist Summer School. of the Delegate Assembly of the union. four years ago in a hard, militant fight. ditional pay of course. • The Delegate Assembly is the highest leg­ The PFT contract expires at the end of Last month the school board informed CLEVELAND islative body of the union and consists the summer, and the union is headed long-term substitutes that their contracts SOCIAUST SUMMER SCHOOL Four seminars on of elected representatives from all 900 for a showdown with the school board. will not be renewed in the fall. Many American imperialism. Lecturer: Dick Roberts, stofl schools in New York. Delegates rose one A strike vote was already taken at the who have been teaching for six years writer, The Militant. Sot., July 6, 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 after the other to challenge Shanker on June membership meeting. The teachers will lose their jobs. Ninety-five percent p.m. Sun., July 7, 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 p.m. Registra­ Vietnam, community control and political are demanding a starting salary of$9,000 of those affected are black. President tion: SOc per session. 9801 Euclid Ave. For further action. At one point Shanker threatened a year, an increase of nearly 50 percent. Sullivan has stated that he supports the information coll791-1669. to adjourn the meeting. But overshadowing the contract nego- school board's move to fire these teachers. • In addition to calling for community tiations this year is the ugly spectre of Most recently, PFT filed a grievance DETROIT control of the schools, the New Coalition racism, which jeopardizes the union's very against the appointment of six vice- SOCIAUST SUMMER SCHOOL. Sot., July 13: The program also calls for "the immediate existence. principals who have been serving as liaison Workers' States; Sun., July 28: The Cuban Revolution; termination of U.S. intervention in Viet­ The festering sore reached gangrene officers between students and local school Sot., Aug. 10: Fascism; Sot., Aug. 24: Black National­ nam." It stands for an alliance of the proportions last November 20. On adminstrators in predominantly black ism. 11:00 o.m.-4:00 p.m. Debs Hall, 3737 Woodward. entire labor movement to fight the anti­ November 17, about 5,000 black high schools. PFT claims that the board dis- For more information coll831-6135. union Taylor Law, and it has warned school students had massed at school criminated against qualified white teachers that the UFT's reliance on the Democrat­ board headquarters to voice long-standing in appointing the six black teachers. KYW CUBA. A series of lectures and discussions. Fri., ic Party would lead the union to disaster. demands for more control of their schools. Radio asked Sullivan why he had taken The New Coalition program stresses that July 12: Cuba Before the Revolution: A People Under The historic demonstration was so brutally action only now, although some of the only the independent political and eco­ the Heel of Imperialism. 8:00 p.m. Debs Hall, 3737 and unmercifully attacked by club-wielding six had been serving as long as a year. nomic power of the labor movement is Woodward. For more information coll831-6135. Ausp. cops that the mass media were forced Sullivan refused to comment. capable of advancing its cause. Friday Night Socialist Forum. -J.M. to describe the police attack accurately. Meanwhile, Afro-American students have Three days later, Sullivan stated in an won some token concessions, such as the ·------clip and mail ------open letter that there was an increase of introduction of black history and Swahili student attacks on teachers, and he implied courses into the curriculum and a token that the school board was responsible experiment in community control of a because it had not punished the high- storefront school. school demonstrators! On May 19, Malcolm X's birthday, more Special to New Readers At a stormy December membership meet- than 1,000 students staged a sit-in in ing, Ryan rubbed salt into the wound by Germantown High School's auditorium. moving that Sullivan be commended for While such demonstrations evoke support If you would like to get better acquainted with THE MILITANT, you his racist letter. After black teachers who from black teachers and a handful of may obtain a special, introductory four-month subscription for $]. (If took the microphone were shouted down white teachers, the entire black community by boos and catcalls, two hundred union knows that the only powerful teacherorga- you're already sold on the paper, you can help out by sending a reg­ members, including nearly every Afro- nization in Philadelphia, the PFT, has ular one-year subscription for $3.) American present, walked out of the meet- consciously put itself on the wrong side ing en masse. of their struggle. Two groups of teachers were formed One white teacher told Sullivan and Ryan to combat racism, Teachers Concerned, at their June 5executivecommitteemeeting, D Enclosed is $1 for a 4 month introductory subscription. an all-black group which rejects work- "I treat union activity seriously and have D Enclosed is $3 for a 1 year regular subscription. ing within the union, and Teachers for been a good unionist for a long time. Social Action, which advocates struggling But if black parents and students walk against racism both within and outside across your picket lines and try to set NAME . of the PFT. up their own educational system this fall, In the ensuing months, the PFT leader- I will volunteer my services to them." STREET. ship has come into open conflict with the In September, teachers will find the black community on issue after issue. In picket line a particularly lonely place to current contract negotiations, as in the be. Then some of them may begin to CITY • STATE . ZIP past, the PFT negotiators have stubbornly realize that their real enemy is not the refused to discuss any proposals for in- black community- that both teachers and voluntary transfer of teachers to ghetto black students are subjected to injustice Send to: The Militant, 873 Broadway, New Yorlc, N.Y. 10003 schools. In the past two contracts, the by the same city administration. Friday, July 5, 1968 THE MiliTANT Page ll Peace & Freedom nominee ~Man without country' modified stance in L.A. race By Allen Taplin As a result the campaign failed to wins four year fight LOS ANGELES-Michael Hannon, educate a single voter about the need candidate of the Peace and Freedom Party for fundamental social change. It failed for the nonpartisan office of Los Angeles this first test of any radical election effort. For the past four years the U. S. Im­ District Attorney, polled 410,555 votes, In the months following its achieving migration and Naturalization Service has or 23 percent of the total, in losing to ballot status, and the initial burgeoning been attempting to deport Joseph Johnson the incumbent District Attorney Evelle of local clubs throughout the state, the and take away his U.S. citizenship. John­ Younger in the June 4 California primary PFP has steadily gone downhill. A con­ son is a native-born American citizen, and elections. siderable section of its membership has if the INS had been successful, he would At the outset of the campaign, the ex­ reregistered into the Democratic Party have been without citizenship in any coun­ pectation among the Hannon campaign in order to vote and campaign for Mc­ try. workers was for at least a 35 percent Carthy in the primaries, and most of When the case began, Johnson was the vote, and perhaps a victory. Their the remainder have been rendered inactive organizer of the Twin Cities branch of elation at achieving ballot status, with by PFP's failure to conduct any signi­ the Socialist Workers Party. He is pres­ over 105,000 registrants into the new ficant antiwar activity. The remaining ently a leading member of the Seattle Peace and Freedom Party last January, activists have spent considerable time in branch. gave the Hannon campaigners high factional disputes, but to date have failed Following is a letter The Militant re­ hopes for a victory. to produce either an authoritative leader­ ceived from him dated June 19. The protest vote cast for Hannon, how­ ship or program. ever, was a respectable tally, and about The Hannon campaign has at least Seattle what could be expected for a relative given a picture of the future of the PFP. The U.S. Immigration and Naturaliza­ unknown, running as a reform candidate In its very first electoral effort, the PFP tion Service has just sent me a written against the incumbent D. A., a right-winger took its initial giant step back into the statement dropping all charges against deservedly hated in Los Angeles' large "mainstream" of regular capitalist politics. me. Thus, I have won my four-year fight black and Mexican-American ghettos. The Hannon campaign was, of course, to keep my citizenship. When I received the deportation order The Hannon campaign committee wholeheartedly supported by the Com­ Joseph Johnson strove for a broad base among Los munist Party in Los Angeles. on May 1, 1964, I thought it must be Angeles' radical, liberal and minority a mistake. But events were to prove that scious act of harassment aimed against voters. While it did not achieve such a the INS was in earnest and seriously the Socialist Workers Party. It was a way base- the campaign was essentially intended to revoke my birthright of citizen­ of getting at us, of attacking us. It was based on PFP activists- the already From a United Press International ship and expel me from the country. I had a way of diverting some of our energy. limited PFP program was cut to its dispatch. to fight this deportation order both in my The government hoped we would not liberal bone in search of support. HANOVER, N.H. (UPI)- The own interest and to prevent the establish­ defend ourselves. But we did fight and The campaign's main piece of literature Dartmouth Collegevaledictorianurged ment of a dangerous precedent- the en­ we won! It did take energy, but the SWP was a brochure with the heading "End his classmates Sunday to refuse to {'tght fQrced banishment of a native citizen from and all those who believe in human rights Lawless Law Enforcement! Rebuild Re­ in Vietnam,. and they rose to cheer· him his land of birth. have come out of the fight stronger. spect for Law." The political unsophis­ when he thanked God the UnitedStates The government claimed I was a state­ The Emergency Civil Liberties Commit­ ticate receiving this brochure could tell is losing the Vietnam war. less person and subject to deportation on tee took my case and provided the services that it was a left-wing rather than a "I urge you to refuse to fight in Viet­ the ground that I had been politically of the eminent constitutional attorney, right-wing "pro-law" tract by noting the nam when that call comes to you." active in Canada and thus had violated Leonard B. Boudin. Douglas Hall, a noted Peace and Freedom imprint at the bottom. said James W. Newton of Glendale, the 1952 McCarran Immigration Act. civil liberties lawyer from Minneapolis, Inside he would learn that Hannon will Ariz. ;,It is my conClusion that the There are two important aspects of the served as joint counsel. Without the honest, "Investigate Citizen's Complaints of Police Vietnam war is· a colossal stupidity, a case. energetic and skillful work of the ECLC, Abuse"; "Prosecute Police Who Break the vast international atrocity and an ex­ First is the meaning of U.S. citizenship. Leonard Boudin and Douglas Hall, I Law"; "Place First Priority on Real Crime" pensive .lesson in the futility 0f modern Prior to 1900 there were no laws on the would now be a man without a country. (i.e., ignore victimless marijuana and aggressive imperialism, for, thank books which could deprive an American In addition to this legal aid provided sex "offenses"); and "Lobby for Changes God, weare losing that war." of his citizenship for any reason what­ by the ECLC, the Committee to Oppose In the Criminal Law." At that, most of his classmates rose ever. But since that time the capitalist the Deportation of Joseph Johnson raised But no innocent voter learned that the in a standi11g ovation, but cries of politicians have been chipping away at funds for legal costs, and publicized the Hannon campaign was for withdrawal "Shame!" and "Traitor!" were shQuted. our rights of citizenship. facts concerning the case. My thanks go of American troops from Vietnam, by parents and alumni. The 1952 McCarran Act was the biggest especially to the workers in the defense favored black power, or was for the threat to American citizenship to date. It committee, who had won the case politically replacement of the corrupt American set up all kinds of ways an American can long before I received the letter from the political system by a "new political system." lose his birthright. INS saying they were giving up. All these views are formally tenets Secondly, I thiilk this case was a con- Joe Johnson of the Peace and Freedom Party and all are strongly held by Mike Hannon I DADDY STINKS I and his campaigners. But they chose not -SOCIALIST ~~NDf~d-~-l to speak about them in an effort to chase 0 after votes. !'Enrage [

By Evelyn Reed Fund Director The $26,000 Spring Fund of the So­ to the expanding circulation of The cialist Workers Party has been success­ Militant and more new readers who want fully concluded at the end of its three­ to help the socialist cause. WHO'S NERVOUS!- The New York AND JAZZ IT UP- The Soviet mag­ month run. New York and Boston led Two contributions were received from Times reported June 15: "Floyd Bennett azine Sputnik says the following letter the race and both have oversubscribed Boston in memory of Joseph Fishman, Field girded itself for an invasion last was allegedly received by Karl Marx their quotas. father of a comrade and "an old-time night and a contingent of about 20 from his Leipzig publisher: "Dear Herr Cleveland and Twin Cities win honors socialist with true socialist principles and policemen were rushed to the air base Doctor: You are already 1B months for completing their quotas almost a ideals." The other contributor wrote, on a report that a group of uniformed behind time with the manuscript of Das month ahead of the June 15 deadline. "This is a better method of showing our Negro youths armed with rifles was Kapital which you have agreed to write The final scoreboard shows the order in sympathy than sending flowers which moving toward the field. When surround­ for us. If we do not receive the manu­ which other areas fulfilled their accepted today are often not desired." ed in the woods near the base, however, script within six months, we shall be quotas. Similarly, a $100 contribution was re­ the 'aggressors' turned out to be a group obliged to commission another author Special mention also goes to the ceived from Brooklyn "in memory of of about a dozen Sea Scouts from the to do this work." "General" category, which registers dona­ Minnie Gabriel Goodman, one-time Brownsville Bible Mission ..." tions from Militant readers throughout member and lifelong friend of the So­ PEOPLE'S CAPITALISM- Krupp, the the country who are usually not in cities cialist Workers Party." UTILITIES INCLUDED?- For those German munitions family which helped listed on the scoreboard. These friends who seek the social status accompanying finance Hitler to power and used slave have contributed a larger share of the We thank you, one and all, who have burial in a mausoleum but can't afford labor to keep its industrial empire going total fund than in previous campaigns­ helped us to make this Fund Drive such one, Woodlawn Cemetery, a supermarket­ during World War II, has reorganized almost $1,000. In part this is a tribute a success! type operation, is offering space in a as a corporation with a democratically "community mausoleum" at "reasonable elected chairman of the board. The chair­ prices." We're not sure if it's a true co­ man, a Mr. Vogelsang (it means "bird op or if you just get your own niche, song" and is not, we assume, a pseud­ Fund scoreboard but there is a "sculptured glass window" onym for Krupp), assures that the Branch Quota Paid Percent and a "quiet and reverent atmosphere." company will continue its postwar policy We're not so concerned about the view of not manufacturing weapons- at least, Boston $1,450 $1,49B 103 or atmosphere, but we would certainly he added judiciously, "not in the narrow New York 6,400 6,53B 102 want assurances it's a quiet place. sense." Twin Cities 1,BOO 1,BOO 100 Cleveland 1,500 1,500 100 FOR REPENTANT REGENERATES GREAT 0 UTDOORS- Despite dirt, San Francisco 1,700 1,700 100 ONLY- Anyone who is not quite certain noise and pollution, sidewalk cafes are Philadelphia BOO BOO 100 what the phrase "dirty old man" means winning increased patronage in New Detroit 1,BOO 1,BOO 100 might take a look at the action of the York. One bar operator said it's a good Chicago 2,200 2,200 100 General Assembly of the Church of the business even though occasionally some­ Seattle 300 300 100 Nazarene regarding a proposal to modify one will ask for a replacement of a high­ General 965 965 100 its ban on divorcees as members of the ball where pieces of soot have settled Los Angeles 4,700 4,700 100 church. Presently, divorcees are accepted on the ice cubes. Newark 200 200 100 only if their divorce resulted from Allentown 135 135 100 adultery by their husband. A motion was IT MAKES SENSE-A June 22 New Oakland-Berkeley 1,700 1,700 100 made to amend this to include into the York Times headline states: "Boston San Diego 300 300 100 fold divorcees who could prove genuine Sheriff Disarms Aides-Wants Public "repentance" and "regeneration." The mo­ Assured on Crime Prevention Priorities." $26,000 $26, 1B6 100+ tion was piously tabled. -Harry Ring Friday, July 5, 1968 THE MILITANT Page 12 Support to SWP urged Many French groups in 20-state ballot drive By Jon Britton Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Kentucky. Supporters of Fred Halstead and Paul In two additional states, Tennessee and condemn political ban Boutelle are in a drive that will, hope­ Iowa, almost all the necessary signatures fully, put the Socialist Workers Party can­ have been gathered and will soon be filed. De Gaulle's repression of the main revo­ do not agree with the youth movements didates for President and Vice-President Petitions are also currently being circu­ lutionary groups has been vigorously con­ involved. Violence never leads to any­ on the ballot in more than 20 states. lated in Arizona and Indiana. demned by virtually all the leftist political thing except more violence. I think their Four years ago the SWP was on the ballot The drive to get Haltead and Boutelle tendencies in France, with the exception methods are wrong." But, he said, he in 11 states. on the ballot has scored successes in some of the Communist Party. would be "incapable of giving my ap­ In many states the Democratic and Re­ rather out-of-the-way places. Eloise Chase, The National Union of French Students proval to the decision" to ban the revo­ publican parties have sought to grab an New England socialist campaign director, (UNEF) stated: lutionary organizations. electoral monopoly by passing discrimi­ heads up a team of young campaigners "The government repression is becoming The centrist, social-democratic United natory laws making it extremely difficult who have been initiating the ballot effort more intense each day. The government Socialist Party (PSU) affirmed its soli­ for minority parties to get on the ballot. in Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire and has just proceeded to arrest 15 militants, darity with the outlawed groups, while In Illinois, for example, 25,000 signatures Rhode Island. Their visit to Maine re­ both students and workers, in their dissociating itself from some of their of registered voters are required ·with a sulted in a very favorable interview homes ... policies. Marc Heurgon, a member of the minimum of 200 from each county. Ohio which appeared in the Bath-Brunswick "By imprisoning some of these militants, National Political Committee of the PSU requires an impossible 900,000 signatures Times Record along with major excerpts who were among the most active in the declared at a June 14 protest meeting that or registered voters! In New York, where from the SWP election platform. Four student union, the government is aiming the PS U was ready to place its press, its the Socialist Workers candidates have been campaign supporters in Maine agreed at the entire student movement and the headquarters and its members "at the dis­ on the ballot in previous years, the law to serve as presidential electors for Hal­ UNEF in particular. position" of the banned organizations. specifies a minimum of 50 signatures of stead and Boutelle. "A massive reply from all the unions is He scored the Communist Party and registered voters in each of the 62 counties In New Hampshire more than 600 of becoming more and more indispensable. l'Humanite (the French CP newspaper), and a total of 12,000. The fact that some the 1,000 signatures required for ballot Thus the UNEF is appealing to all the "which has not uttered a word of protest of the upstate counties are very sparsely status have been gathered. Members of unions for action of this kind." against the dissolution of the revolution­ populated makes this a tough state too. Dartmouth SDS have been aiding in this A statement by the National Union of ary movements." L'Humanite, he added, Petitions to place Halstead and Boutelle effort. Higher Education (SNESup) attacked es­ "is a dishonorable newspaper." on the ballot have already been filed with In Rutland, Vermont, campaign sup­ pecially the arbitrary deportation of The League for the Rights of Man the secretaries of state in Michigan, porter Irving Reynolds ran a quarter­ foreign nationals. The distinction drawn asserted that the 1936 law under which page ad urging support to Halstead and between "natives" and "aliens," the SNESup the revolutionary groups were outlawed N.Y. peace group sets Boutelle in the Rutla,nd Herald, which declared, "can easily arouse a tendency to applied only if it could be proved that the produced a number of inquiries and offers xenophobia. Also, these deportations groups were engaged in activities specified to help petition. threaten to turn political refugees over to as illegal in the law. The League demanded an antiracist response Across the country in Arizona, the ballot the police in their own country." that the government "make public, for each In banning the revolutionary groups NEW YORK- The Fifth Avenue Viet­ drive is headed up by a young philosophy of the dissolved associations, the evidence that "helped to bare the educational and and proofs that would show that this nam Peace Parade Committee announced professor at Arizona State University in social crisis," SNESup stated, "the Gaullist it will respond to any police invasion of Tempe. The chairman of SDS there re­ law is applicable." regime is continuing the policy ofrepression The French Maoist organization, the the black community with a mass dem­ cently wrote in to urge that a chapter of onstration in Times Square. The plan the Young Socialist Alliance be organized as its only answer to the questions raised Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of by the youth. n was announced June 27 by AI Evanoff, at ASU. France, denounced "the decisions of a fascist character taken by the Gaullist employment director of District 65, AFL­ In July, August or September petitions A joint statement issued by UNEF and CIO; Pauline Rosen of Women Strike for will be circulated or nominating conven-. the High School Union ( UGE) stressed government " against the revolutionary Peace; Dr. David Dubnau of the Medical tions held in Maine, Rhode Island, that none of the banned organizations youth organizations. was an "armed league." "The violence that The Marxist Revolutionary Groups, a Committee on Human Rights; and Father Vermont, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, occurred during the demonstrations ... small organization headed by Michel Eric Mann. Wisconsin, Connecticut, New York, Wash­ The Parade Committee said it recognizes ington, Minnesota, Montana, North was due to the forces of law and order" Pablo, which was not banned, "violently "that the struggle of black Americans for Dakota, Arizona, and Indiana and pos­ which attacked groups of students. "This denounces the banhittingtherevolutionary control of their communities and for human sibly Virginia and Louisiana. is not an isolated incident," the UNEF­ organizations." It called for a united front rights and of the Vietnamese people for Join this drive by circulating petitions UGE statement observed, "but is part of an of all working-class and democratic orga­ self-determination are both part of the or attending a nominating convention in overall policy of repressing the worker nizations to condemn all attempts to repress movement of all people for freedom." your state, or by sending a financial con­ and student movements." The statement any revolutionary workers' tendency, and A standing five-member subcommittee tribution. For further information write also declared that members of the banned declared that "the organization of the self­ will mobilize Parade Committee supporters to the Socialist Workers National Cam­ organizations would retain their full free­ defense of the masses must be put on the in response to any assault on the black paign Committee, 873 Broadway, New dom of expression within the UNEF and agenda." community. York, N.Y. 10003 Tel: (212) 673-0790. UGE, and it appealed to their members, the workers and the whole populace "to be vigilant and to denounce the govern­ French notables ment's maneuver everywhere and its pos­ sible culmination in a fascist regime in France." defending leftists In solidarity with french A statement by the French Democratic A group of prominent French intellec­ Confederation of Labor (CFDT)alsonoted tuals have just formed a committee to that violence had occurred only when the defend civil liberties and oppose the police intervened.. "Solutions imposed by Gaullist repression. Among its founding revolutionists force," said the CFDT, "whether it involves members are Jean-Paul Sartre, Laurent banning demonstrations or dissolving Schwartz, Alain Resnais, Nobel Prize win­ groups of students, leaves the problems ner Alfred Kastler, Simone de Beauvoir, posters posed by the working class as well as Michel Leiris, Marguerite Duras and Jac­ by the students without a solution." ques Monod. The committee's initiators Guy Mollet, vice president of the Dem­ signed the following statement: 50( ocratic and Socialist Federation of the Left and general secretary of the French "Repression in the most diverse forms Reproductions of posters put out Socialist Party, stated that "I certainly is now being instituted in an attempt to by revolutionary students in France. crush the vast movement which touched A nonprofit project in solidarity off the student and worker revolt. Eleven with French revolutionists. Jerry Ru~in arrested, far-left organizations or associations have been dissolved by a decree applying a order from: 1936 law. Political activists and even ~eaten in New York ordinary citizens have been arrested, turned over to the political police, and threatened Young Socialist Alliance NEW YORK- Jerry Rubin, long-time P. 0. Box 4 71, Cooper Station antiwar activist, was arrested June 13 on with prosecution before the Cour de Surete New York, N.Y. 10003 a Charge of possessing marijuana. After de l'Etat (State Security Court). being arrested he was beaten and kicked "A great number of· foreign nationals by cops, suffering a back injury. have been expelled from France without William Kunstler, noted civil rights and being granted any recourse or means of I'Enrage civil liberties attorney, is defending Rubin, defending themselves. Workers have al­ charging his arrest was an act of political ready been hit with penalties for strike ac­ A reprint of a cartoon magazine intimidation. The New York Civil Liberties tions. Physical violence has been used put out by French students (Action Union has taken the same position. against political activists distributing their Committee No. 1 ) on the revolu­ Rubin first became known while chair­ pamphlets or publications. Unless such re­ tionary developments there. This edi­ man of the Berkeley Vietnam Day Com­ pression is countered immediately by the tion, published by Berkeley, Calif. mittee, the University of California group determined opposition of ihe largest pos­ radical bookstore "Granma," con­ that organized the first international pro­ sible number of people, it will inevitably tains English translations and ex­ test against the war. be extended. planations. He was a staff member of the National "This is why the signer [of this declaration] A nonprofit project published in Mobilization Committee to End the War have proceeded to form a committee to solidarity with the revolutionary stu­ in Vietnam during preparations for the defend civil liberties and oppose repression. dents of France. October, 1967 Pentagon demonstration. The committee's objectives are the Rubin is presently a leader of a group following: abrogation of the dissolution 16 pages two colors called the Youth International Party decree; cessation of all prosecutions re­ ("Yippies"). sulting from the workers' and students' demonstrations of May and June 1968; 50( withdrawal of the expulsion decrees against Order from: foreign nationals; struggle against pen­ alties for strike actions; active solidarity Granma Bookstore Merit Publishers with all victims of the repression." 2519A Telegraph or 873 Broadway Expressions of support for the commit­ Berkeley, CaUf. New York, N.Y. tee will be receivedbyM. Laurent Schwartz, 37 rue Pierre-Nicole, Paris 5.