Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Annual Report
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ANNUAL REPORT JOINT INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Phone: (7-09621) 65-059 Fax: (7-095) 975-23-81 Telex: 911621 DUBNA SU E-mail: [email protected] Address: JINR, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia ISBN 5-85165-564-X © Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. Dubna, 1999 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 5 GOVERNING AND ADVISORY BODIES OF JINR Activities of JINR Governing and Advisory Bodies 9 Prizes and Grants 23 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND SCIENTIFIC COLLABORATION Collaboration in Science and Technology 27 RESEARCH AND EDUCATION PROGRAMMES OF JINR Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics 51 Laboratory of High Energies 59 Laboratory of Particle Physics 71 Laboratory of Nuclear Problems 79 Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions 91 Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics 101 Laboratory of Computing Techniques and Automation 107 Division of Radiation and Radiobiological Research 117 University Centre 121 CENTRAL SERVICES Publishing Department 141 Science and Technology Library 142 Intellectual Property Protection and Standardization Office 143 Experimental Workshop 144 ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIVITIES Financial Activities 147 Staff 148 JINR MEMBER STATES: Republic of Armenia Republic of Azerbaijan Republic of Belarus Republic of Bulgaria Republic of Cuba Czech Republic Georgia Republic of Kazakhstan Democratic People's Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova Mongolia Republic of Poland Romania Russian Federation Slovak Republic Ukraine Republic of Uzbekistan Socialist Republic of Vietnam INTRODUCTION Ratification of the Agreement between the RF Gov- developed by JINR theorists. New interesting models ernment and JINR by the State Duma and the Council of with this property were constructed, examples of super- Federation of the RF Federal Assembly at the end of 1999 particles with initial supersymmetry breaking were given. and signing of the federal law «On Ratification of the These results allow a better insight into the symmetry Agreement between the Government of the Russian Fed- structure of supersymmetrical extended objects. eration and the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research on the A.D.Sakharov’s idea that gravitation can be induced Location and Terms of Activity of the Joint Institute for by vacuum polarization effects has been further Nuclear Research in the Russian Federation» by Presi- developed. A similar mechanism is shown to be responsi- dent of Russia V.V.Putin on 2 January 2000 with its com- ble for other long-range forces as well. A model is built ing into force on 6 January 2000 are the particularly im- for illustration. It is free of ultra-violet divergences and portant events for the Institute. The existence and devel- the Einstein and Maxwell actions are entirely induced by opment of the Institute on the Russian territory have been quantum effects of supermassive constituent fields. officially guaranteed in compliance with recognized in- An isotope of element 114 has been synthesized in ternational legal norms. the experiment with the gas-filled separator at the cy- Stable operation and further development of the ba- clotron U400 at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reac- sic facilities was ensured at the Institute in the past year. A tions. Another isotope of this element with a different system for slow beam extraction from the superconduct- mass was produced in a parallel experiment with the sep- ing accelerator of relativistic nuclei Nuclotron became a arator VASSILISSA. Six heaviest isotopes of elements prominent achievement of the JINR Laboratory of High 112, 110, and 108 were identified among decay products Energies. It was for the first time that a beam of accelerat- in those experiments. ed particles was extracted and sent to physical facilities with the aid of superconducting magnetic elements. Within the SFERA collaboration, spectra of cumula- ± In December a unique cryogenic moderator based on tive K mesons have been measured to an accuracy of solid methane was tested at the reactor IBR-2. The tests 10% in the cumulative number range from 0.9 to 1.35 in were carried out with the most powerful neutron flux as the deuterium fragmentation reaction at the deuteron compared with similar facilities in the United States and beam from the JINR synchrophasotron. The K −-meson Japan. All design modes of operation were tried. The cold spectra in the cumulative region are sensitive to the distri- neutron flux turned out to be 3–4 times higher than that bution of quarks in deuterium for the configuration where from the currently best cold neutron source at ISIS (UK). internucleon distances are smaller or comparable with the All this opens up new avenues for the study of com- nucleon size. plex-structure compounds, which is particularly import- Neutron generation processes in lead targets and ura- ant for biology, polymer physics, materials science, phar- nium-lead assemblies exposed to a proton beam from the macology. synchrophasotron have been experimentally studied. Important results have been obtained in several Space and mass distributions of nuclear fragments were fields. The following are the most significant of them. investigated with activation track tomography. This al- A general approach to the description of partial spon- lows further measurement of the power increase coeffi- taneous breaking of extended supersymmetries has been cient of electronuclear facilities to be planned. 5 JINR specialists participated in successful research ized, dedicated financing of first-priority research is prac- within the framework of joint experiments at the accelera- tised. The Directorate made a lot of efforts to increase the tors of IHEP (Protvino), CERN, DESY,BNL, and FNAL. salary. In 1999 it was increased, on the average, by The first modules for the central part of the ATLAS two-fold. calorimeter were assembled at JINR and delivered to Signing of the Agreement between BMBF (Ger- CERN. many) and JINR for another three-year period became an A special «clean zone» has been built at JINR for important event in the last year. mass production of modules for honeycomb drift cham- In 1999 the largest international meeting was the Bo- bers from materials supplied by DESY. The chamber goliubov Conference «Problems of Theoretical and mass production programme for the HERA-B collabora- Mathematical Physics». It began at Moscow State Uni- tion, is fulfilled. versity, continued in Dubna, and finally moved to Kiev. The yield of dimesoatoms in nickel and platinum tar- Eminent scientists from many countries participated in gets was measured in the first two runs of the joint the Conference. JINR–CERN experiment DIRAC carried out at CERN A Jubilee Conference was carried out in Dubna on for model-free verification of quantum chromodynamics 17 December to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the syn- +− by analysing measured lifetimes of ππ atoms. Obser- chrocyclotron of the Laboratory of Nuclear Problems. vation of a Coulomb increase in the pion pair yield in the Venedikt Petrovich Dzhelepov, who was the first director relative momentum range below 5 MeV/c and recording of LNP, held this post for 33 years, and then became its of the Λ-hyperon decay peak in the πρ− pair spectrum honorary director, played a particularly important role in demonstrate good potentialities of the setup. construction, development, and subsequent upgrading of Recently computer networks have grown very im- the synchrocyclotron. Paying tribute to late V.P.Dzhele- portant in preparing and carrying out experiments. By the pov, the JINR Directorate decided to ask the Committee recommendation of the 85th session of the Scientific of Plenipotentiaries to name the Laboratory of Nuclear Council, the Computation Complex of the Institute, in- Problems after him. cluding computer networks and computer infrastructure The year 1999 is marked by another significant means, has been ranked as a basic facility of JINR. event. The first Honorary Doctors of JINR A.M.Baldin, Reforms concerning basic facilities, infrastructure, A.A.Logunov, A.Hrynkiewicz (Poland), and H.Schopper and staff policy have continued at the Institute in accor- (Germany) were given their diplomas at the 86th session dance with the programme approved by the Committee of of the Scientific Council for their outstanding service to Plenipotentiaries two years ago. New departments were JINR in developing priority fields of science and technol- established, management of basic facilities was central- ogy, training and educating young scientists. V.G.Kadyshevsky Director Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 6 JINR 99 GOVERNING AND ADVISORY BODIES OF JINR ACTIVITIES OF JINR GOVERNING AND ADVISORY BODIES MEETING OF THE JINR COMMITTEE OF PLENIPOTENTIARIES A regular meeting of the Committee of Plenipoten- — construction of IREN with a realistic schedule and an tiaries (CP) of the Governments of the JINR Member agreed financial envelope with a view to its comple- States was held in Dubna on 11–12 March 1999. It was tion as rapidly as possible; chaired by Professor R.Mach (Czech Republic). — upgrade of the IBR-2 reactor, with a view to securing Based on the report on implementing the JINR Sci- the long-term future of this facility; development of entific Council’s recommendations and CP’s decisions instrumentation and data acquisition equipment for concerning the reform programme of JINR, on JINR’sac- spectrometers at the reactor; continuation of the spec- tivity in 1998, and on plans for 1999–2001, presented by trometers’ exploitation; JINR Director V.G.Kadyshevsky, the Committee of — synthesis of heavy nuclei near the region Z =114 using Plenipotentiaries decided: the Gas-Filled Recoil Separator and the upgraded 1. To approve the JINR Directorate’s activities on VASSILISSAset-up; study of the fusion-fission reac- implementing the reform programme of JINR; to empha- tions for weakly excited superheavy nuclei; study of size that all initiatives of the JINR Directorate aimed at the structure of light exotic nuclei and neutron corre- centralizing management of the basic facilities have lations in them; research with beams of stable and ra- proved to be correct. dioactive ions using the FOBOS and MULTI detec- 2.