CMS for Otago 2015–2025, Volume 1

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

CMS for Otago 2015–2025, Volume 1 CMS CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY Otago 20154–20254, Volume 1 REVISED DRAFT June 2013November 2014 Cover: Celmisia haastii on the upper Wye Valley near Queenstown with the Hector Mountains in the background. Photo: John Barkla © Copyright June, 2013, New Zealand Department of Conservation ISSN 1173-2741 This publication is produced using paper sourced from well-managed, renewable and legally logged forests. Contents Foreword 5 Introduction 6 Purpose of conservation management strategies 6 CMS structure 8 Interpretation 8 CMS term 10 Relationship with other Department of Conservation strategic documents and tools, and other agencies planning processes 10 Relationships with other planning processes 11 Legislative tools 11 International obligations 12 World Heritage Areas 13 Part One 14 1.1 The Department in Otago 14 1.2 Vision for Otago—20654 14 1.3 Distinctive features, values and issues of Otago 16 1.4 Treaty partnership with Ngai Tahuof Waitangi responsibilities 21 1.5 Otago by 20254 30 Part Two—Places 45 2.1 Mount Aspiring National Park/Tititea Place 46 2.2 Inland Te Papanui, Oteake and Hawea Conservation Parks Place 49 2.3 Western Lakes and Mountains/Nga Puna Wai Karikari a Rakaihautu Place 59 2.4 Central Otago Uplands Place 78 2.5 Old Man Range/Kopuwai, Old Woman Range, and Garvie Mountains Place 86 2.6 Central Otago Drylands/Manuherikia Place 92 2.7 Eastern Otago and Lowlands/Maukaatua Place 99 2.8 Catlins/Te Akau Tai Toka Place 108 2.9 Marine/Te Tai o Arai te Uru Place 116 2.10 Freshwater/Wai Maori Place 122 Part Three—Specific policy requirements for Otago 129 3.1 General 3.1 Authorisations General 129 Vehicles (other than aircraft) 3.2 Motorised vehciles 134 3.3 Mountain bikes (non motorised) 136 3.4 Electric power-assisted pedal cycles 138 Other forms of Transport 3.5 Watercraft 139 3.6 Aircraft 140 3.7 Animals 148 3.8 Dogs 149 3.9 Horses and pack animals 151 3.10 Structures and utilities 151 3.11 Private accommodation and related facilities 153 3.12 Marine mammal viewing 156 3.13 Commerical eeling 156 3.14 Sports fish and game bird hunting 157 3.15 Grazing and farming 158 3.16 Mining 159 3.17 Sand and shingle extraction 160 3.18 Commerical filming and photography 161 3.19 Collection of material 162 3.20 Wild animals 163 3.21 Game animals (see also wild animals) 166 3.22 Sporting and competitive events 167 3.23 Recreation activities using fixed anchors 168 3.24 Fire management 169 3.25 Ski fields 170 Part Four—Implementation, monitoring, reporting and review 173 Glossary 174 Appendices Appendix 1: 197 Work or activities of the Department of Conservation that may meet the requirements of sSection 4(3) of the Resource Management Act 1991 for exemptions from land use consents in Otago. Appendix 2: 206 Important eEcosystems and habitats types within Otago Appendix 3: 222 Islands administered by the Department of Conservation in Otago Appendix 4: 224 Priority ecosystem management unitssites on public conservation lands and waters in Otago identified by the Department of Conservation through the Nnatural Hheritage prioritising processesManagement System in February 2012 Appendix 56: 232 Threatened and at risk indigenous Fflora and fauna present in Otago Appendix 65: 246 Threats or pests and wild animals present in Otago Appendix 7: 276 Nationally Iiconic species in Otago Appendix 8: 277 Marine habitats and ecosystems in Otago Appendix 9: 282 Significant geological features, landforms and landscapes in Otago Appendix 10: 287 Actively conserved historic places in Otago on public conservation lands and waters, or managed by the Department in Otago Appendix 11: 292 Recreation destinations in Otago Appendix 12: 293 Prescriptions for the management of visitor management zones Appendix 13: 241 Prescriptions for the management of aircraft zones Appendix 134: 300 Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act provisions relating to Otago Appendix 145: 324 Statement of outstanding universal value for Te Wāhipounamu—South West New Zealand World Heritage Area Foreword This draft Otago Conservation Management Strategy (CMS) sets out the Department’s proposed intentions for the integrated management of natural and historic resources within Otago over the next ten years. Since the first Otago CMS was approved in 1998, there have been some significant conservation achievements in Otago, including (to mention just a few representative achievements) implementation of Ngāi Tahu Settlement Claims Act, new conservation parks at Te Papanui, Hāwea and Oteake; successes in species recovery for Grand and Otago skinks, galaxiid fishes, mohua, yellow- eyed penguins and Olearia tree daisies; restoration of historic features at Macetown, St Bathans and Arrowtown; development of new techniques of wilding tree and goat control; and strong community conservation projects and partnerships – Otago Natural History Trust, Central Otago Ecological Trust, Otago Central Rail Trail Trust, Upper Clutha Tracks Trust, Wakatipu Wilding Conifer Trust and Project Gold. Many people involved in conservation initiatives underpin these successes. There have also been, and remain, some serious conservation challenges; the intensification of land use, effects on freshwater ecosystems, pest and weed control, and marine protection. Many of Otago’s most significant and highly visited natural and historic places are located on public conservation land providing valuable contributions to New Zealand’s international identity, reputation and economy. These popular recreation and tourism destinations for domestic and international visitors alike mean that the Department will need to remain responsive to increasing demand whilst ensuring that natural, historic and cultural values are protected. The development of this CMS comes at a challenging time for New Zealand with increasing concerns about the ongoing loss of biodiversity, effects on freshwater ecosystems and the effects of climate change. The Department has recognised nationally that to halt the ongoing decline of New Zealand’s natural heritage, we need to significantly increase the amount of conservation work undertaken by working with Ngāi Tahu, communities, businesses and others over the next 20 years and beyond. This CMS integrates national and local priorities at ten places across Otago and identifies outcomes for these places that are special to Ngāi Tahu and communities and Ngāi Tahu. It also sets out a framework to increase conservation efforts over the next ten years recognising that the Department cannot do it alone. I would like to thank past and present members of the Otago Conservation Board and all those who provided feedback and attended hui and workshops during the development of this document. The Department looks forward to receiving your views on this CMS. Neil Clifton Conservator Otago and Southland Otago Conservation Management Strategy 20154–20254 5 Introduction Purpose of conservation management strategies Conservation, as defined under section 2 of the Conservation Act 1987 (the Act), is the ‘preservation and protection of natural and historic resources for the purpose of maintaining their intrinsic values, providing for their appreciation and recreational enjoyment by the public, and safeguarding the options of future generations’. The functions of the Department of Conservation (the Department) are for the most part identified in section 6 of the Act and in other Acts listed in the First Schedule of the Act. The purpose of a conservation management strategy (CMS) as defined by section 17D of the Act is to implement statements of general policiespolicy (including the Conservation General Policy 2005), and to establish objectives for the integrated management of natural and historic resources, including species managed by the Department of Conservation (the Department), and for recreation, tourism and other conservation purposes. The Act creates a hierarchy of documents to guide the Department in its management. The Act is at the top, the General Policy is next and below that are the CMS and conservation management plans and other management plans. In Otago Region there is one recent1 operative conservation management plan for Taiaroa Heads Nature Reserve2., and There is one operative national park management plan within the area of this CMS, prepared under the National Parks Act 1980, for Mount Aspiring National Park3. Statutory framework for the management of public conservation lands and waters Conservation Act 1987 National Parks Act 1980 General Policy General Policy Conservation management strategies National park management plans Conservation management plans 1 Other conservation management plans dating from prior to the Department of Conservation may still exist. The intention is that these will be revoked subsequent to this strategy’s approval. 2 Part of the Pukekura Reserves Management Plan (20121) jointly developed by the Department, Dunedin City Council, Te Rūnanga o Ōtākou and the Korako Karetai Trust. 3 Mount Aspiring National Park Management Plan (2011). Otago Conservation Management Strategy 20154–20254 6 A lower order planning document cannot derogate from a higher order one; meaning that it cannot be contrary to it. The lower in order a planning document is, the greater the level of detail as to management intentions. The general policies relevant to this CMSstrategy are the: Conservation General Policy (2005), which applies to all conservations lands, waters and resources managed by the Department under the following Acts: the Conservation Act 1987, the Wildlife Act 1953, the Marine Reserves
Recommended publications
  • Outdoor Recreation Strategy 1 2012 - 2022 Central Otago Outdoor Recreation Sstrategytrategy 2012012222 --- 2022022222
    = `Éåíê~ä=lí~Öç= =lìíÇççê=oÉÅêÉ~íáçå= píê~íÉÖó= = OMNO=J=OMOO= February 2012 This is a community owned strategy developed by the Outdoor Recreation Working Party in consultation with the Central Otago Community Central Otago Outdoor Recreation Strategy 1 2012 - 2022 Central Otago Outdoor Recreation SStrategytrategy 2012012222 --- 2022022222 PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 IMPLEMENTATION 8 INTRODUCTION 15 Goals 15 Why have an Outdoor Recreation Strategy? 15 What Comprises Recreation? 16 What Makes a Good Experience 16 Purpose 16 Management Approaches 16 Planning 17 Importance of Outdoor Recreation 17 Central Otago – Geographically Defined 17 Barriers to Participation in Outdoor Recreation 18 Changing Perceptions of Outdoor Recreation 19 Fragmentation of Leisure Time 19 Conflict of Use 19 Changing Perceptions of Risk 19 Developing Outdoor Skills 20 Outdoor Recreation, Individuals and Communities 20 Environmental Considerations 21 Economic Considerations 21 Key Characteristics of Central Otago 21 Other Strategies 21 Regional Identity (A World of Difference) 22 Other Agencies and Groups Involved 22 Assumptions and Uncertainties 22 OVERARCHING ISSUES Human Waste Disposal 23 Rubbish 23 Dogs 23 Signs, Route Guides and Waymarking (Geographic Information) 24 Access 24 Research 25 Landowners 25 Competing Use 26 Communications 27 SPECIFIC RECREATION ACTIVITIES Notes on Tracks, Trails and Recreational Areas 28 Air Activities 29 Mountain Biking 31 Road Cycling 38 Climbing 40 Four Wheel Driving 43 Gold Panning 47 Hunting – Small Game and Big Game 49 Central
    [Show full text]
  • Lower Clutha River
    IMAF Water-based recreation on the lower Clutha River Fisheries Environmental Report No. 61 lirllilr' Fisheries Research Division N.Z. Ministry of Agriculture and F¡sheries lssN 01't1-4794 Fisheries Environmental Report No. 61 t^later-based necreation on the I ower Cl utha R'i ver by R. ldhiting Fisheries Research Division N.Z. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Roxbu rgh January I 986 FISHERIES ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTS Th'is report js one of a series of reports jssued by Fisheries Research Dìvjsion on important issues related to environmental matters. They are i ssued under the fol I owi ng cri teri a: (1) They are'informal and should not be cited wjthout the author's perm'issi on. (2) They are for l'imited c'irculatjon, so that persons and organ'isat'ions normal ly rece'ivi ng F'i sheries Research Di vi si on publ'i cat'ions shoul d not expect to receive copies automatically. (3) Copies will be issued in'itjaììy to organ'isations to which the report 'i s d'i rectìy rel evant. (4) Copi es wi I 1 be i ssued to other appropriate organ'isat'ions on request to Fì sherì es Research Dj vi si on, M'inì stry of Agricu'lture and Fisheries, P0 Box 8324, Riccarton, Christchurch. (5) These reports wi'lì be issued where a substant'ial report is required w'ith a time constraint, êg., a submiss'ion for a tnibunal hearing. (6) They will also be issued as interim reports of on-going environmental studies for which year by year orintermìttent reporting is advantageous.
    [Show full text]
  • Farming in a Land of Extremes Programme
    Name: NZ GRASSLAND ASSOCIATION 76th Annual Conference ALEXANDRA 5-7 November, 2014 FFARMINGARMING ININ AA LLANDAND OFOF EEXTREMESXTREMES PROGRAMME ON-FARM FIELD TOUR 2 Conference Sponsors The NZGA executive and Local organising committee acknowledges the generous support of the following sponsors 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome 3 Information for delegates 4 Conference Programme 5 Field Tour Wednesday Greenfield NZ Pastures Ltd 8 Ida Valley Station 14 - Oversown And Top Dressed Hill Country, D Fastier 26 Field Tour Thursday Nine Mile Pastoral Ltd 29 - Irrigation Development, Willowbank, T O’Sullivan 35 - A description ofthe OVERSEER® nutrient budget model, Dr A Roberts 37 - Water Allocation in Otago, Otago Regional Council 42 WELCOME On behalf of the Alexandra Local Organising Committee it is my pleasure to extend to you a hearty Central Otago welcome, to our place… “A World of Difference”. “Farming in a Land of Extremes” encompasses the huge differences that make our region what it is and the vast array of methods adopted by businesses/enterprises to capitalise on them as strengths or overcome them as weaknesses. Be it environmental, climatic, diversity of enterprises, valley floors to high country, dryland to inten- sive irrigation, old ways and new technology, extremes in all these things are present within our region, but also between us and the rest of the country. Back at the last conference here in 1986, land use change was a hot topic and is prominent again this time round. Not so much focus now on tenure review when compared to the massive rise of the dairy industry, irrigation and Lucerne grazing systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Character, Riverscape & Visual Amenity Assessments
    Natural Character, Riverscape & Visual Amenity Assessments Clutha/Mata-Au Water Quantity Plan Change – Stage 1 Prepared for Otago Regional Council 15 October 2018 Document Quality Assurance Bibliographic reference for citation: Boffa Miskell Limited 2018. Natural Character, Riverscape & Visual Amenity Assessments: Clutha/Mata-Au Water Quantity Plan Change- Stage 1. Report prepared by Boffa Miskell Limited for Otago Regional Council. Prepared by: Bron Faulkner Senior Principal/ Landscape Architect Boffa Miskell Limited Sue McManaway Landscape Architect Landwriters Reviewed by: Yvonne Pfluger Senior Principal / Landscape Planner Boffa Miskell Limited Status: Final Revision / version: B Issue date: 15 October 2018 Use and Reliance This report has been prepared by Boffa Miskell Limited on the specific instructions of our Client. It is solely for our Client’s use for the purpose for which it is intended in accordance with the agreed scope of work. Boffa Miskell does not accept any liability or responsibility in relation to the use of this report contrary to the above, or to any person other than the Client. Any use or reliance by a third party is at that party's own risk. Where information has been supplied by the Client or obtained from other external sources, it has been assumed that it is accurate, without independent verification, unless otherwise indicated. No liability or responsibility is accepted by Boffa Miskell Limited for any errors or omissions to the extent that they arise from inaccurate information provided by the Client or
    [Show full text]
  • The New Zealand Gazette 443
    H MARCH THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE 443 $ $ The Duke of Edinburgh's Award in New Zealand ...... 200 N.Z. Foundation for the B1ind----Oamaru Advisory Otago Gymnastic Association 300 Committee ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... 50 Dynex Gymnastic Club (Inc.) 100 Salvation Army Advisory Trust Board, Glenside Lodge 50 Ralph Ham Park 100 Kurow Scout and Guide Building Committee 50 The Navy League Otago (N.Z.) Inc. 200 Balclutha Branch of the Plunket Society ...... 100 Otago Youth Adventure Trust Inc. 1,000 St. John Ambulance Association, South Otago 300 Pleasant Valley Baptist Trust Board 200 Scout Association of N.Z., Clutha District ...... 200 Waianakarua Youth Camp 100 Kaitangata Scout Group ...... ...... 50 Wesleydale Camp 200 Girl Guides Association Clutha District Committee Otago Presbyterian Campsites Committee 100 Shepard Campsite Fund ...... ...... 200 Youth Hostels Association of N.Z., Dunedin Branch 200 Balclutha Swimming and Surf Life-saving Club 100 Y.W.C.A. 500 Kaitangata Baths Appeal Committee ...... ...... 100 Y.M.C.A. 400 Balclutha Primary School Parent Teachers Association 200 King's High School Parents Association Inc. 400 Warepa Home and School Association 50 King Edward Techn1ical High School Parent Teacher Waiwera South School Committee 50 Association ..... 200 Clinton Play Centre 50 Andersons Bay School Committee 100 Owaka Play Centre ...... ...... 50 Tomahawk School and Ocean Grove District Baths P.S.S.A. on behalf of Holmdene Home 200 Committee ..... 100 South Otago Histori'cal Society ...... ...... 50 East Otago High School Parent Teacher Association ..... 200 Catlins Historical Society ...... ...... 50 Assumption Convent 400 Alexandra Sub-branch of the Plunket Society 100 Little Sisters of the Poor 400 Clyde Sub-branch of the Plunket Society .....
    [Show full text]
  • Farming in North Otago
    FARMING IN NORTH OTAGO J. D. CURRIE Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Oarnaru Abstract North Otago is a well-established, efficiently farmed district. Primary production, which grossed an estimated $20 million in the 1973-4 season, will continue to be the major source of regional revenue. The geographic character and the soil resources of the district are described with a comprehensive coverage of historical development, current farming practices and future opportunities for pastoral development. The principal factor limiting agriculture in North Otago is a climate characterized by low, variable rainfall. Pastoral potential is closely tied to investment in oversowing, lucerne and irrigation. Successful farming under difhcult environmental conditions demands above-average ability. The managerial skill of North Otago’s farmers is an outstanding regional resource that augurs well for the future. GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION NORTH OTAGO is a well-defined region. The northern, Canterbury, boundary follows the Waitaki River to its snowfield source in the Southern Alps beyond Lake Ohau. Above Kurow are the hydro dams, below Kurow the river remains as a broad natural boundary, flowing in swift braided channels down a bouldery bed to the sea. The southern boundary that isolates North Otago from its parent province is a mountain wall running north-west from Shag Point to the Lindis Pass and on to the Alps. A fork in the mountains that sweep round from Danseys Pass to Kurow divides North Otago into two districts that are distinct in nature and development. Inland, at Omarama, the sparsely populated run country is similar to Central Otago. Below Kurow is the more closely settled country, The moun- tains and foothills are only suited to extensive grazing, but most of the lower country is made up of rolling loessial downs, good natural grassland, much of it arable.
    [Show full text]
  • Speights Ale House Menu February 2019.Indd
    BREWER'S NOTES Speight’s Brewery has always produced award winning, traditional ales and beers, using only the finest quality Southern ingredients and purest water. We take great care and pride in brewing our beers and are proud to present them here to you. Why not taste the whole family of Speight’s beers! Purchase an Ale House Tasting Tray, which will have a sample of each beer for you to try. SPEIGHT’S GOLD MEDAL ALE Beer Style Draught Amber Ale First Brewed 1876 Alcohol Level 4.0 Colour 21 BREWER'S NOTES Bitterness 14 Energy (kilo joules/100ml) 135 Speight’s Brewery has always produced award winning, traditional ales and beers, using only the finest quality P R H Calories (/100ml) 32 I T D U E O Southern ingredients and purest water. We take great care and pride in brewing O F our beersS and are proud to BREWER'S T H E NOTES Flavour characteristics: Speight’s is an ale with a hint of “grassy” undertones that add to present them here to you. Why not taste the whole family of Speight’s beers! Purchase an Ale Houseits complexity.Tasting It has the full flavour of Speight’s malt and hops. Tray, which will have a sample of each beer for you to try. Speight’s Brewery has always produced award winning, traditional ales and beers, using only the finest quality Southern ingredients and purestSPEIGHT’S water. We TRIPLE take greatHOP PILSNERcare and pride in brewing our beers and are proud to SPEIGHT’S GOLD MEDAL ALE present them here to you.
    [Show full text]
  • 121-127 Otago Central Rail Trail 2016.Indd
    OTAGO CENTRAL RAIL TRAIL OTAGO CLYDE MIDDLEMARCH 1-5 DAYS 150km OTAGO Trail Info CENTRAL Rail Trail 1-5 Days Steeped in history, this pioneering cycle trail 150km to do some exploring off the trail. If offers a 150km scenic journey into the Central you’re after a shorter ride, there are Otago heartland. numerous townships located along the trail where you can start or end your TRAIL GRADES: amed after the old railway There are over 20 townships located on ride. As a well-established cycle trail, CLYDE TO ALEXANDRA line, built between 1891 and off the trail. Take the opportunity to there are plenty of places to stop for ALEXANDRA TO CHATTO CREEK and 1907, the Otago meet the locals with their still-present refreshments and accommodation. N CHATTO CREEK TO OMAKAU Central Rail Trail is New Zealand’s pioneering spirit and take detours The Central Otago climate is OMAKAU TO LAUDER original ‘Great Ride’. and side trips to places such as old characterised by hot summers, cold abandoned gold diggings left over from LAUDER TO OTUREHUA It travels through big-sky country where winters and low rainfall. The autumn the gold rush and the country’s only OTUREHUA TO WEDDERBURN cyclists traverse ever-changing dry and landscape is renowned in these parts international curling rink. WEDDERBURN TO RANFURLY rocky landscapes, high-country sheep for the kaleidoscope of browns, golds RANFURLY TO WAIPIATA stations, spectacular river gorges, You should allow at least four full days and reds. You can experience four WAIPIATA TO KOKONGA TO tunnels and viaducts.
    [Show full text]
  • NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE Published by Authority
    No. 11 267 THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE Published by Authority WELLINGTON: THURSDAY, 24 FEBRUARY 1966 CORRIGENDUM the land described in the Schedule hereto shall, upon the publication hereof in the Gazette, become road, and that :the said road shall be under the control of the Oroua County IN the Order in Council dated the 15th day of December Council and shall be maintained by the said Council in like 1965, and published in Gazette No. 3, 27 January 1966, page manner as other public highways are controlled and main­ 79, consenting to the raising of loans by certain local authori­ tained by the said Council. ties, in the amount of the loan to be raised by the Mount Roskill Borough Council, for the figure "£35,000" read "£35,500", which last-mentioned figure appears in the Order in Council signed by His Excellency the Governor-General in SCHEDULE Council. WELLINGTON LAND DISTRICT Dated at Wellington this 18th day of February 1966. APPROXIMATE area of the piece of land: N. V. LOUGH, Assistant Secretary to the Treasury. A. R. P. Being 0 2 39·7 Portion of railway land in Proclamation No. 31526. Situated in Block V, Oroua Survey District, Oroua County (S.O. 26317). Allocating Land Taken for a Railway to the Purposes of As the same is more particularly delineated on the plan Street at Huntly marked L.O. 20552 deposited in the office of the Minister of Railways at Wellington, and thereon coloured blue. BERNARD FERGUSSON, Governor-General Given under the hand of His Excellency rthe Governor­ General, and issued under the Seal of New Zealand, this A PROCLAMATION 18th day of February 1966.
    [Show full text]
  • Quarterly Activities Report
    Quarterly Activities Report Contents Our Activities ........................................................................................................................................................ 2 Water ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Wastewater .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Stormwater ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 Transportation .................................................................................................................................................... 14 Waste Minimisation ............................................................................................................................................ 23 Other Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................................ 28 Parks, Reserves & Cemeteries .............................................................................................................................. 31 Community Facilities, Libraries & Swimming Pools ................................................................................................ 33 District Development ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrological Impacts of Irrigated Agriculture in the Manuherikia Catchment, Otago, New Zealand
    Journal of Hydrology (NZ) 47 (2): 67-84 2008 © New Zealand Hydrological Society (2008) Hydrological impacts of irrigated agriculture in the Manuherikia catchment, Otago, New Zealand Stefan W. Kienzle1 and Jochen Schmidt2 1 Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada 2 National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, P.O. Box 8602, Christchurch, New Zealand. Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract to losses in the conveyance system, on­ Water for irrigation is becoming an in­ farm application losses, increased actual creasingly critical component of New evapotranspiration, and the development of Zealand’s rural economy. Projections of a deeper rooting system compared to natural expanding agricultural sectors indicate vegetation. increased demands for water and a reliable water supply. Hence, it is pertinent to assess Introduction the impacts of water demand for current Water for irrigation is becoming an and future irrigated agriculture on catch­ increasingly critical component of New ment hydrology. This case study focuses Zealand’s rural economy. More intensive on estimating the hydrological impacts of farming systems are usually accompanied by irrigated agriculture in the Manuherikia a demand for increased water quantity and catchment upstream of Alexandra, Central a reliable water supply. Projections indicate Otago, New Zealand. In order to assess that New Zealand’s dairy, horticulture the impacts of irrigation on streamflow, and viticulture sectors will all expand in five land­use scenarios, including three the future, and it follows that there will be irrigation scenarios with varying efficiencies, growing demands for water for irrigated are investigated with the ACRU agro­ agriculture (Ministry of Agriculture and hydrological modeling system (Agricultural Forestry, 2004; Parliamentary Commissioner Catchments Research Unit (ACRU), for the Environment, 2004; Doak, 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • FT7 Vanished World
    GEOSCIENCES 09 Annual Conference Oamaru, NZ FIELD TRIP 7 VANISHED WORLD Wednesday 25 November 2009 Leader: Ewan Fordyce Geology Dept, University of Otago BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: Fordyce, E. (2009). Vanished World. In: Turnbull, I.M. (ed.). Field Trip Guides, Geosciences 09 Conference, Oamaru, New Zealand. Geological Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Publication 128B. 13 p. INTRODUCTION The trip has themes of: geological education/ geological sites; regional stratigraphy/ paleontology; and history of geology. It is based around localities from Papakaio to Duntroon-Maerewhenua, North Otago. We will visit a geological visitor centre - Vanished World Centre, Duntroon (www.vanishedworld.co.nz), and significant sites for the Paleogene of southern Canterbury Basin: Cameron's Pit (plant fossils, Cretaceous), Maerewhenua (shallow marine strata, sill, Eocene), and Awamoko-Duntroon (distal marine and unconformities, Oligocene). We will visit 1-2 of the sites specially developed for the public as part of the Vanished World Trail. Text, photos and graphics are by Ewan Fordyce. VANISHED WORLD The Vanished World Trail comprises a self-guided 80 km tour around some 20 geological sites in North Otago, on the coast from Waianakarua (south) to Oamaru (north), and inland to Duntroon in the Waitaki Valley. Sites are on public and private land; access to sites is free, but conditions may be imposed by some landowners. Some sites are close to or on roads, but others require a short walk. The trail is a community initiative developed by locals since 2000, in partnership with the University of Otago, to foster conservation, education and scientific study. The concept of Vanished World arose from local interest in, particularly, research on fossils from the district, but aims to take geology in the broadest sense to the public.
    [Show full text]