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Theatre and Celebrity in Britain, 1660–2000 This Page Intentionally Left Blank Theatre and Celebrity in Britain, 1660–2000 Theatre and Celebrity in Britain, 1660–2000 This page intentionally left blank Theatre and Celebrity in Britain, 1660–2000 Edited by Mary Luckhurst and Jane Moody Introduction, editorial matter and selection © Mary Luckhurst and Jane Moody 2005 All chapters © their respective authors 2005 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2005 978-1-4039-4682-9 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in 2005 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-52399-3 ISBN 978-0-230-52384-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230523845 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Theatre and celebrity in Britain, 1660–2000 / edited by Mary Luckhurst and Jane Moody. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents: Introduction : the languages of theatrical celebrity / Mary Luckhurst and Jane Moody – Public intimacy : the prior history of “it” / Joseph Roach – Wilde : the remarkable rocket / Peter Raby – The many masks of Clemence Dane / Maggie B. Gale – Stolen identities : mimicry and the invention of Samuel Foote / Jane Moody – The celebrity of Edmund Kean : an institutional story / Jacky Bratton – Infamy and dying young : Sarah Kane, 1971–1999 / Mary Luckhurst – Celebrity and rivalry David [Garrick] and Goliath [Quin] / Peter Thomson – Actresses and the economics of celebrity, 1700-1800 / Felicity Nussbaum – Private lives and public spaces : reputation, celebrity, and the late Victorian actress / Sos Eltis – Siddons, celebrity, and regality : portraiture and the body of the aging actress / Shearer West – “Some of you might have seen him” : Laurence Olivier’s celebrity / Peter Holland 1. Actors – Great Britain – Biography. 2. Fame. I. Luckhurst, Mary. II. Moody, Jane, 1967– PN2597.T44 2005 792.02Ј8Ј092241—dc22 2005049679 10987654321 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 Contents List of Figures vii Acknowledgements ix Notes on the Contributors x 1 Introduction: The Singularity of Theatrical Celebrity 1 Mary Luckhurst and Jane Moody Part I Public Intimacy 2 Public Intimacy: The Prior History of ‘It’ 15 Joseph Roach 3 Wilde: The Remarkable Rocket 31 Peter Raby 4 The Many Masks of Clemence Dane 48 Maggie B. Gale Part II Notoriety 5 Stolen Identities: Character, Mimicry and the Invention of Samuel Foote 65 Jane Moody 6 The Celebrity of Edmund Kean: An Institutional Story 90 Jacky Bratton 7 Infamy and Dying Young: Sarah Kane, 1971–1999 107 Mary Luckhurst Part III Markets 8 Celebrity and Rivalry: David [Garrick] and Goliath [Quin] 127 Peter Thomson 9 Actresses and the Economics of Celebrity, 1700–1800 148 Felicity Nussbaum 10 Private Lives and Public Spaces: Reputation, Celebrity and the Late Victorian Actress 169 Sos Eltis v vi Contents Part IV Nation 11 Siddons, Celebrity and Regality: Portraiture and the Body of the Ageing Actress 191 Shearer West 12 ‘Some of you may have seen him’: Laurence Olivier’s Celebrity 214 Peter Holland Select Bibliography 233 Index 238 List of Figures 3.1 Bernard Partridge, The Decadent Guys, Punch, 10 November 1894. 33 3.2 Bernard Partridge, Fancy Portrait: Quite Too-Too Puffickly Precious!! Punch, 5 March 1892. 35 4.1 Photograph of Clemence Dane. Courtesy of the Mander and Mitchenson Theatre Collection. 59 5.1 Samuel Foote by William Greatbach, after Joshua Reynolds. By kind permission of the Victoria Art Gallery, Bath and North East Somerset Council. 66 5.2 Mr. Foote as Mrs. Cole in The Minor (1777). Engraving published by T. Lowndes and Partners. Courtesy of the Victorian and Albert Picture Library. 79 8.1 William Hogarth, Portrait of Quin (c. 1739), Tate Gallery, London. 131 8.2 Joshua Reynolds, Garrick between Tragedy and Comedy (1761), courtesy of the Garrick Club, London. 143 9.1 China statue of Peg Woffington. By courtesy of the Trustees, Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. 160 9.2 The Rival Queens of Covent Garden and Drury Lane Theatres, at a Gymnastic Rehearsal (BM 6126). By kind permission of the Trustees of the British Museum. 161 10.1 Lillie Langtry as Rosalind in Shakespeare’s As You Like It. St. James’s Theatre, London (1890), photographed by Lafayette Studios of Dublin. Photograph courtesy of the Victoria and Albert Picture Library. 174 10.2 Ellen Terry as Nance Oldfield in Cicely Hamilton’s A Pageant of Great Women. Photograph by Lena Connell, published by the Suffrage Shop (1910), courtesy of the Victoria and Albert Picture Library. 185 11.1 Thomas Lawrence, Mrs. Siddons (1804). Copyright Tate London 2004. 198 11.2 Henry Perronet Briggs, Sarah Siddons and Fanny Kemble (1830), courtesy of the Boston Athenaeum. 201 11.3 Joshua Reynolds, Mrs. Siddons as the Tragic Muse (1784). Courtesy of the Henry E. Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens, San Marino, California. 202 vii viii List of Figures 11.4 Thomas Lawrence, Queen Charlotte (1789) by kind permission of the National Gallery, London. 203 11.5 L. Gahagan, Engraving of Her Most Gracious Majesty Queen Charlotte (c. 1817), courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery, London. 207 Acknowledgements This book has its origins in a conference held at the University of York in 2002 supported by the Department of English and Related Literature and the Centre for Eighteenth Century Studies. We would like to thank everyone who participated in this very lively day for their enthusiasm and interest. Special thanks go to the speakers, to the students who helped us on the day ( John Biggin, Liz Brace, James Disley, Sarah Lowes and Nancy Walker), to colleagues who chaired individual sessions (Kate Newey, Kerry Powell and Richard Rowland) and to David Mayer and Viv Gardner for mounting a wonderful exhibition of theatrical photographs. Our contributors have responded to queries and suggestions with great patience throughout the process of preparing this volume for publication: we are most grateful for their inspiration and good humour. For encouragement and help at various stages we should like to thank a number of colleagues and friends: Jessica Chaney, Michael Cordner, Tracy Davis, Joe Donohue, Peter Holland, Joel Kaplan, John Kerrigan and John Stokes. The Department of English and Related Literature has provided financial support for the completion of this project through the Leavis Fund, and we are delighted to record our grati- tude for such invaluable assistance. At Palgrave Macmillan, Emily Rosser took an energetic interest in this project from the beginning and we appre- ciate her encouragement and support. Thanks are also due to Paula Kennedy and Helen Craine who have seen the volume through the press. In addition we would like to record our thanks to Palgrave Macmillan’s readers for their advice. Finally, a special word of thanks to our editorial assistant, Vike Plock, who has collated the typescript and prepared the index with meticulous care and attention: it has been an enormous pleasure for us to work with her. ix Notes on the Contributors Jacky Bratton is Professor of Theatre and Cultural History at Royal Holloway, University of London. Her book New Readings in Theatre History was published by Cambridge University Press in 2003. Her recent publica- tions include King Lear Text and Archive, a CD-Rom, and various essays (in Theatre Survey and in books edited by Catherine Burroughs, Tracy Davis and Ellen Donkin) about the writer/actor/manager Jane Scott. In 2002 she collaborated with Gilli Bush-Bailey on a practice as research project to revive Scott’s melodramas in performance. Sos Eltis is a Fellow and Tutor in English at Brasenose College, Oxford. She is the author of Revising Wilde: Society and Subversion in the Plays of Oscar Wilde (1996), and of various articles on Oscar Wilde, Bram Stoker’s Dracula and nineteenth-century theatre. She is currently working on treatments of the fallen woman on stage from 1850 to the present day. Maggie B. Gale is Professor of Drama at the University of Manchester. She has published widely on mid-twentieth-century British theatre and on gender, theatre and historiography. Her publications include West End Women: Women and the London Stage 1918–1962 (1995); British Theatre between the Wars 1918–1939 (2000) with Clive Barker; and Women, Theatre and Performance: New Histories, New Historiographies (2000) with Viv Gardner. Peter Holland is the McMeel Family Professor in Shakespeare Studies in the Department of Film, Television, and Theatre at the University of Notre Dame. His publications include The Ornament of Action: Text and Performance in Restoration Comedy (1979); English Shakespeares: Shakespeare on the English Stage in the 1990s (1997); and Theorizing Practice: Redefining Theatre History (2003). He is the editor of Shakespeare Survey and general editor, with Stanley Wells, of Oxford Shakespeare Topics.
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