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Análisis De Las Propuestas De Enmienda a Los Apéndices De CITES De UICN/TRAFFIC Para La 17E Reunión De La Conferencia De Las Partes

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Análisis De Las Propuestas De Enmienda a Los Apéndices De CITES De UICN/TRAFFIC Para La 17E Reunión De La Conferencia De Las Partes Análisis de las Propuestas de Enmienda a los Apéndices de CITES de UICN/TRAFFIC para la 17e Reunión de la Conferencia de las Partes Johannesburgo, Sudáfrica 24 septiembre–5 octubre 2016 Preparados por el Programa de las Especies de la UICN y la Comisión de Supervivencia de las Especies de la UICN y TRAFFIC N Á L I S I S A Análisis de las propuestas de enmienda a los Apéndices de CITES de UICN/TRAFFIC para la 17e Reunión de la Conferencia de las Partes Johannesburgo, Sudáfrica 24 septiembre–5 octubre 2016 Preparados por el Programa de las Especies de la UICN y la Comisión de Supervivencia de las Especies de la UICN y TRAFFIC With the financial support of the EU Austria, Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management Ministry of the Environment of Finland Ministry of External Affairs and Cooperation Germany, Federal Ministry for the France, Ministry of Environment, Environment, Nature Conservation and Energy and the Sea Nuclear Safety Netherlands, CITES Management Authority, Ministry of Economic Affairs España - Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad New Zealand, Department of Conservation Naturvårdsverket – Swedish Environmental Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office FSVO, Protection Agency, Scientific Authority of CITES Federal Department of Home Affairs FDHA United States, U.S Fish & Wildlife Service La elaboración de los Análisis de las Propuestas de Enmienda a los Apéndices de la CITES de UICN/TRAFFIC 2016 ha sido posible gracias al apoyo de los organismos siguientes: Alemania – Ministerio Federal de Medio Ambiente, Conservación de la Naturaleza y Seguridad Nuclear (BMU) Austria – Ministerio Federal de Agricultura, Silvicultura, Medio Ambiente y Gestión del Agua Canadá – Environment and Climate Change Canada Comisión Europea – Dirección General de Medio Ambiente España – Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad Estados Unidos de América – U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Finlandia – Ministerio de Medio Ambiente Francia – Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Energía y el Mar Mónaco – Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y Cooperación Nueva Zelanda – Departamento de Conservación Países Bajos – Autoridad Administrativa CITES, Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos Suecia – Autoridad Científica CITES, Naturvärdsverket – Agencia Sueca de Protección del Medio Ambiente Suiza – Oficina Federal de Seguridad Alimentaria y Veterinaria, Departamento Federal del Interior La UICN, Unión Internacional par la Conservación de la Naturaleza, contribuye a encontrar soluciones pragmáticas para los principales desafíos ambientales y de desarrollo que enfrenta el planeta. El trabajo de la UICN se centra en valorar y conservar la naturaleza, en asegurar la gobernanza efectiva y equitativa en su utilización, y en la aplicación de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza a los desafíos globales en el clima, la alimentación y el desarrollo. La UICN apoya la investigación científica, gestiona proyectos de campo en todo el mundo, y reúne a los gobiernos, las ONG, las Naciones Unidas y las empresas con miras a desarrollar políticas, legislación y prácticas óptimas. La UICN es la organización medioambiental más antigua y más grande del mundo, con más de 1.200 miembros, gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, y más de 16.000 expertos voluntarios en unos 160 países. Para su labor, la UICN cuenta con el apoyo de un personal compuesto por más de 1.000 empleados, repartidos en más de 50 oficinas, y cientos de asociados de los sectores público, no gubernamental y privado de todo el mundo. La Comisión de Supervivencia de Especies (CSE) es la mayor de las seis comisiones de voluntarios de la UICN y cuenta con más de 10.000 expertos miembros de todo el mundo. La CSE presta asesoramiento a la UICN y a sus miembros acerca de una amplia gama de aspectos científicos y técnicos de la conservación de las especies y se consagra a la tarea de asegurar el futuro de la biodiversidad. La CSE hace aportaciones significativas a los acuerdos internacionales relativos a la conservación de la biodiversidad. TRAFFIC, la red de vigilancia del comercio de especies silvestres, tiene como objetivo garantizar que el comercio de especies silvestres no suponga una amenaza para la conservación de la naturaleza. TRAFFIC es una alianza estratégica entre la UICN y WWF. Citación: UICN y TRAFFIC (2016). Análisis de las Propuestas de Enmienda a los Apéndices de la CITES de UICN/TRAFFIC. Preparados por el Programa de Especies de la UICN y TRAFFIC para la Decimoséptima Reunión de la Conferencia de las Partes en la CITES. UICN – Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Gland, Suiza. Las designaciones de entidades geográficas de este documento y la presentación del material no implican la expresión de opinión alguna por parte de la UICN o de TRAFFIC respecto de la situación jurídica de ningún país o región o de sus autoridades, ni de la demarcación de sus fronteras o límites. i INTRODUCCIÓN La CITES (Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres) se abrió a la firma el 3 de marzo de 1973 en Washington DC. Cuando se preparó la presente publicación contaba con 1821 Partes en todo el mundo. Para que la CITES pueda seguir siendo un instrumento creíble para la conservación de las especies que son objeto de comercio, las decisiones de las Partes deben estar basadas en los mejores datos científicos y técnicos disponibles. Reconociendo lo anterior, la UICN y TRAFFIC han acometido la elaboración de análisis técnicos de las propuestas de enmienda a los Apéndices de la CITES. Los Análisis arriba mencionados tienen el objetivo de proporcionar una evaluación lo más objetiva posible de cada propuesta con arreglo a las disposiciones de la Convención sobre los criterios de inclusión desarrollados en la Resolución Conf. 9.24 (Rev. CdP16) y en otras resoluciones y decisiones pertinentes. Desgraciadamente, debido al contexto difícil para la recaudación de fondos y al gran número de propuestas, no fue posible recaudar los fondos necesarios para realizar los Análisis y presentarlos de la misma manera que en reuniones anteriores de la Conferencia de las Partes (CdP). En consecuencia, en vez de preparar para cada propuesta el apartado del resumen y su tabla correspondiente con información muy detallada, como se ha hecho en años anteriores, para la CdP17 se ha preparado un apartado del resumen sobre cada propuesta. Además, el tiempo disponible para realizar las investigaciones y consultar a los expertos ha sido inferior al de ediciones previas de los Análisis, por lo que estos no son tan exhaustivos. Por otra parte, a fin de garantizar que los Análisis estuvieran listos a tiempo para ayudar a las Partes a adoptar sus decisiones, los documentos resumidos se publicaron en Internet diez semanas después de la fecha límite para presentar las propuestas en vez de doce semanas después como en años anteriores, en respuesta a solicitudes de las Partes. Para lograr el máximo acceso de las Partes a los Análisis, se ha procurado mejorar su difusión mediante la creación de una página web personalizada en la que se pueden descargar los Análisis por separado o en su totalidad (véase http://citesanalyses.iucn.org/). En el apartado del resumen se presenta una síntesis de la información disponible extraída de la justificación de la propuesta y de otras fuentes y, en un párrafo aparte, se facilita análisis específico en el que se estudia si se puede considerar que la propuesta cumple o no los criterios pertinentes de la Resolución Conf. 9.24 (Rev. CoP16) u otras resoluciones relevantes de la CITES. Se ha recabado información sobre el estado y la biología de las especies consultando a la red de Grupos de Especialistas de la Comisión de Supervivencia de Especies de la UICN y a la comunidad científica en general. Esa información se ha utilizado para evaluar las propuestas y la información aportada por sus autores con arreglo a los criterios de inclusión de CITES. TRAFFIC ha utilizado sus propias fuentes de información sobre el comercio y redes de expertos. El documento resultante reúne un amplio espectro de conocimientos, que confiamos sea de utilidad en la discusión sobre las propuestas. Tras finalizar el plazo para la presentación de las propuestas de enmienda por las Partes (27 de abril de 2016), el equipo encargado de los Análisis recopiló la información disponible para preparar un primer borrador del apartado del resumen. Se envió la información recopilada, junto con una serie de preguntas y aclaraciones adicionales, a distintos expertos evaluadores para que estos aportaran sus comentarios en los casos pertinentes, particularmente sobre la exactitud y fiabilidad de la información presentada. El apartado “Análisis” de cada propuesta se terminó al final del proceso, por lo que no se envió a los evaluadores externos. El Equipo de los Análisis de UICN/TRAFFIC acepta toda la responsabilidad por el contenido de dicho apartado. Los evaluadores externos no reciben el análisis realizado en función de los criterios pertinentes ni tienen responsabilidad alguna por él. Los revisores denominados “Evaluadores de la información del resumen” (citados como Revisores en ediciones anteriores) solo han analizado la información recopilada por el equipo responsable de los Análisis en el apartado del resumen para comprobar la exactitud de la información y verificar si había omisiones. El texto definitivo expresado en esta publicación no refleja necesariamente la opinión de la UICN o de TRAFFIC ni de los evaluadores como grupo. Para satisfacer la necesidad de información de las Partes mucho antes de la CdP, los Análisis se finalizaron y publicaron en Internet el 6 de julio de 2016. Los párrafos del Resumen y el Análisis van a ser traducidos al español y francés y se publicarán en línea lo antes posible. Las versiones impresas de los párrafos de 1 A fecha de 20 de junio de 2016 según https://cites.org/eng/disc/parties/chronolo.php ii Resumen y Análisis en español, francés e inglés estarán disponibles en la CoP17 en Johannesburgo (Sudáfrica).
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