Rural Municipality of Arlington, Number 79 April 1, 1988

Saskatchewan Centre for Soil Research Publication P079

RURAL MUNICIPALITY OF ARLINGTON, NUMBER 79 APRIL 1, 1988

PRELIMINARY SOIL MAP AND REPORT

SASKATCHEWAN SOIL SURVEY SASKATCHEWAN CENTRE FOR SOIL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN

Saskatchewan Agriculture and Agriculture Agri-Food Canada and Food Research Agriculture Branch Development Fund 1 . INTRODUCTION

This report and map have been prepared as an interim document, to enable the Saskatchewan

Centre for Soil Research to make available pertinent soil data and interpretive soil information for this municipality.

A final report and maps, which will include this and other data, may be printed in the future.

The information presented within this report is designed for the interpretation of various soil and landscape properties that may benefit planning and land management within the municipality . Due to the preliminary nature of this report, the final soil map and interpretive data may be slightly altered before a final publication is printed .

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 . INTRODUCTION ...... i 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... ii 3. HOW TO USE THIS REPORT ...... 1 4. EXPLANATION OF THE MAP SYMBOL ...... 3 4.1 Slope Classes ...... 3 4.2 Surface Forms ...... 3 4.3 Salinity Symbol ...... :...... 5 5. SOIL INTERPRETATION SYMBOLS ...... 8 5.1 Surface Texture ...... 8 5.2 Irrigation Suitability ...... 10 5.3 Agricultural Capability ...... 14 5.4 Stones ...... 16 5.5 Wetlands and Drainage ...... 18 5.6 Sand and Gravel ...... 20 5.7 Surface pH ...... 21 5.8 Wind Erosion ...... 22 5.9 Water Erosion ...... 24 5.10 Past Wind and Water Erosion ...... 26 6. ACREAGE FACTS ...... :...... 7. SOIL MAP UNIT DESCRIPTIONS ...... 8. SOIL INTERPRETATIONS ...... 9. FURTHER INFORMATION ......

3. HOW TO USE THIS MAP AND REPORT

The Soil Map

The soil map, contained in the back cover of this report, shows all soil areas delineated during the mapping of the municipality. The soils, and some of their properties, are represented on the map by a series of symbols that identify the kinds and distribution of the component soils within each delineation. This symbol is illustrated below.

120 Delineation Number (120)

STWR3 STWR3- Soil map unit (Scott-Weybum 3) 120

3-4 3-4- Slope class (2-10% slopes) STWR3 3-4U:1WA U U- Surface form (undulating)

1WA 1WA- Soil salinity (0-3% of area is weakly saline in low-lying areas of the landscape) .

i.e. Surface form and salinity symbols may not be present on the map but are always included in the Soil Interpretation section.

' The mapunit (e.g.STWR3) indicates the types of soils present within the delineation. A description of these soils is presented in Section 7 entitled,"Soil Map Unit Descriptions". An explanation of the symbols for surface form and slope class is presented in Section 4 entitled, "Explanation of The Map Symbol".

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 1

Other Interpretations

This report includes a series ofproperties and interpretations in tabular form at the back on such aspects of soils as surface texture, salinity, irrigation potential, agricultural capability, stoniness, wetlands and drainage, and sand and gravel occurrences . This information can be obtained by determining the delineation number from the soil map and referring to Section 8 for a listing of the symbols . Then, by referring to the appropriate subsection, an explanation of the symbols can be obtained .

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 2

4. EXPLANATION OF THE MAP SYMBOL 4.1 Slope Classes

CLASS DESCRIPTION

1 Nearly level - slopes of 0.5% or less. 2 Very gently sloping - slopes up to 2% but dominantly 0.5 to 2%.

3 Gently sloping - slopes up to 5% but dominantly 2 to 5%. 4 Moderately sloping - slopes up to 10% but dominantly 5 to 10%.

5 Strongly sloping - slopes up to 15% but dominantly 10 to 15%.

6 Steeply sloping - slopes up to 30% but dominantly 15 to 30%. 7 Very steeply sloping - slopes dominantly greater than 30%. Note: A one-percent slope is a change in elevation of one metre in a horizontal distance of 100 metres. 4.2 Surface Forms

Mau Svmbol

H Hummocky I Inclined L Level M Rolling R Ridged T Terraced U Undulating F Fan Erosional Modifiers

Map Symbol Name C Channelled D Dissected G Gullied

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 3

Surface Forms, Cont.

Hummockv Landscapes with a complex pattern of generally short, steep Rolling slopes extending from prominent Landscapes that are knolls to somewhat rounded characterized by a regular sequence depressions or kettles are termed of moderate slopes extending from hummocky . They are called rounded, sometimes confined, concave hummocky dissected where shallow depressions to broad, rounded gullies join one low area or kettle to convexities producing a wavelike the next. Occasionally, areas have pattern of moderate relief are termed a complex of ridged and hummocky rolling. features. They are called hummocky ridged. Terraced Areas, usually along a valley, Inclined that have a steep, short scarp slope Landscapes in which -the general and a horizontal or gently slope is in one direction, only, are inclined surface above it are called inclined. Where shallow called terraced. gullies , occur along the slope, the areas are called inclined dissected; Undulating where a series of parallel or Landscapes that are subparallel, deep gullies or ravines characterized by a sequence of occur, they are called inclined gentle slopes extending from gullied. Along flood plains of smooth rises to gentle hollows, that rivers and streams where the inclined impart a wavelike pattern to the surface is broken by abandoned river land surface are called channels they are called inclined undulating. Where shallow gullies channelled. extend from one low area to the next in these landscapes they are called undulating dissected and Level where the undulating surface is Landscapes that are flat or broken by abandoned river have very gently sloping surfaces are channels they are called said to be level . Along flood undulating channelled . Where a plains of rivers and streams where series of parallel or subparallel,deep the level surface is broken by gullies or ravines occur,they are abandoned river channels they are called undulating gullied. called level channelled. Fan A landform with a fan shape and Ridged gently inclined surface, formed by _ Landscapes that have a linear the deposition of materials from a pattern, usually of short and straight stream descending through a steep parallel ridges but sometimes a ravine, where the stream enters a single, sinuous ridge or a series of floodplain or an area of much lower intersecting ridges are termed ridged. gradient.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 4 -1

4.3 Salinity Svmbol

SALINITY This practice is most effective in areas of recharge where water that reaches the A saline soil is a soil with water table is very often responsible for sufficient amounts of water soluble salts soil salinization on lower slopes. Saline to inhibit the uptake of moisture by soils should be cropped continuously or plants. This inhibition of water uptake seeded to long term forage crops. High results in moisture stress and reduced moisture use crops will intercept plant growth . The most common incoming groundwater and may lower soluble salts in Saskatchewan soils are the water table. . magnesium and sodium sulfates . Crop production on saline Calcium sulfates also occur but are not soils may also be improved by using as easily dissolved and are less harmful. farmyard manure or green manure, Calcium, magnesium and sodium growing salt-tolerant crops and improving chlorides may also be present. The surface or subsoil drainage. Fertilizer presence of saline soils can often be may help if soils are weakly or recognized by bare spots in the crop or moderately saline. The choice of crops as uneven stands of grain or forage. which can be grown on saline soils Very strongly saline sbils usually should be based on a soil test. It must develop a white surface crust during dry be recognized, however, that even weather. Where less salt is present, the though a crop is considered to be soil is grayish in color when dry and tolerant to a specific degree of the subsoil often has streaks or specks salinity,some yield reduction can be of salt at a depth of 5 to 25 cm (2 expected. to 10 in.) or deeper. In some cases, it On some soils, the use of .may not be possible to see the salt and subsurface drainage installations may be a soil analysis must be carried out. effective in lowering the water table and reducing soil salinity. These drainage Management of Saline Soils installations are most effective in relatively permeable materials affected by Saline soils should be managed shallow water tables . Subsurface in such a way as to either prevent drainage may be costly and potential further spread or intensification of the sites need to be studied and water tables problem and, where possible, to reclaim monitored for a period of time to land which has already become determine the feasibility of this drainage salinized. Since most of the salinity is method to produce the desired results. the result of groundwater movement, the Drainage of water ponded in key to control lies in the effective sloughs may be beneficial in controlling management of groundwater flow and soil salinity. In some areas, the source water table levels. of water entering the shallow One method of achieving this groundwater flow systems is the water objective is to use precipitation where it ponded in these sloughs. falls preventing it from entering the Drainage of any type, however, groundwater system. Extending the requires an approved permit . In cropping rotation in saline areas will Saskatchewan, anyone installing cycle more precipitation through crops drainage works may be held responsible rather than allowing it to reach the for any subsequent damage caused by water table. the drained water...... Saskatchewan . Soil Survey. Page 5 -1

Salinity, Cont.

Further information on soil salinity and drainage can be found in the publications Understanding Salt-Affected Soils and Subsurface Drainage for Salinity Control , available from Saskatchewan Agriculture.

SALINITY MAP EDIT e.g. 1WA

1 -Soil salinity extent class W -Soil salinity degree class A -Landscape position

Extent and Degree of Saline Soils The salinity symbol indicates the extent and degree of the salt affected soils and is based on field observation alone. The extent of soil salinity was estimated as a percentage of the area of the map delineation in which soil salinity occurred. Estimates of the degree of soil salinity were based on the observed effect of the salinity on crop growth.

Soil Salinitv Extent Class Limits Extent Class % Of Area Affected 0 0

1 0-3% 2 3-10% 3 10-20% 4 20-40%

5 40-70% 6 >70%

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 6

Salinity, Cont.

Soil Salinity Deuee Classes

Electrical Conductivity Salinity of 0-60 depth Degree (MSLcMI Effect on Crop Growth

Nonsaline 0-2 There are no visible effects of salts on the growth of crops.

Weak (W) 2-4 Yields of very sensitive crops may be restricted.

Moderate (N 48 Yields of many crops are restricted.

Strong (S) 8-16 Only tolerant crops yield satisfactorily.

Very Strong (V) 16+ Only a few very tolerant crops yield satisfactorily.

Landscape Position P Saline soils occur on the edges of S Saline soils occur on the sides of hills depressions, sloughs or runways . All soils in and slopes well above any slough or the bottoms of the depressions are leached and depression. The occurrence of salinity is nonsaline. These areas generally occur on controlled by stratigraphic differences in the relatively level or very gentle regional slopes. materials. A Saline soils occur throughout the bottoms of I Saline soil materials generally occur on depressions and sloughs. Salinity may extend out knolls and upper slopes. In these areas, salts from the slough or depression but is generally occur below the A horizon due to insufficient in the strongest in the most low-lying areas of the filtration of precipitation to leach the salts out landscape. These areas generally occur in low- of the root zone. In some areas, erosion has lying areas of the region. removed sufficient topsoil to expose saline soil or to cause saline soils to be nearer the D Saline soils extend throughout the surface. Salts in these areas are usually of bottoms of dissections and small runways in the weak degree and are at or slightly higher than landscape. It is very similar to class A, the degree of natural salts occurring in the however, it is restricted to soil areas which have parent material. dissections and/or runways.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 7 5. SOIL INTERPRETATION; SYMBOLS 5.1 Surface Texture

Soil Texture soils, respectively, are actually a measure of the power required to till A mineral soil is a the soil and were originally related to mixture of various-sized mineral the number of horses required to pull particles, decaying organic matter, air the plough light or sandy land was and water. The mineral particles, described as one-horse land, and heavy exclusive of stones and gravel, may be land as four-horse land. These terms grouped into three particle-size fractions; have nothing to do with the actual sands (the largest or coarsest), silts, and weight of soil, as a given volume clays (the smallest or finest). The of dry sand actually weighs slightly relative proportions of these particle-size more than that of cloy. fractions in a soil determine its Textural class names such as texture. Thus, sand, when dominant, sandy loam, clay loam, heavy clay and yields a sandy- or coarse-textured soil, the like are given to soils based upon whereas a fine-textured soil is made up the relative proportions of sand, silt largely of silt and clay . The terms and clay. Three broad, yet fundamental, 'light' and 'heavy', often used to textural groups are recognized: sands, refer to sand- and clayey- textured loams and clays.

SANDS - The sand group includes soils in which the sand particles make up at least 70% of the material by weight. Two main classes are recognized: sand and loamy sand. CLAYS - The clay group contains at least 35% clay, and in most cases more than 40%. Class names are sandy clay, silty clay, clay and heavy clay. Soils of this group are often called 'gumbo'. LOAMS- The loam group is intermediate in texture between the coarse-textured sands and the fine-textured clays, and usually contains a significant proportion of each particle-size fraction. Class names include sandy loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam and loam.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 8

Surface Texture cont, MAP SYMBOL SOIL TEXTURE CLASS

Coarse-Textured

GS Gravelly sand S Sand GLS Gravelly loamy sand

LS Loamy sand FS Fine sand Moderately Coarse-Textured

GSL Gravelly sandy loam GL Gravelly loam SL Sandy loam

FL Fine sandy loam

VL Very fine sandy loam Medium-Textured L Loam

FCL Fine sandy clay loam SCL Sandy clay loam

VCL Very fine sandy clay loam . Moderately Fine-Textured CL Clay loam SIL Silt loam SICL Silty clay loam Fine-Textured C Clay

HC Heavy clay sic Silty clay

.... , ...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 9

5 .2 Irrigation Suitability Introduction The irrigation suitability rating is based on measured or interpreted soil and landscape characteristics described in the various maps and sections of this report. The suitability rating uses limiting factors to predict the potential landscape-water-crop interaction. It also considers the potential long-term consequences of irrigation such that the soil will remain permanently productive while being irrigated. It does not consider water availability and quality, climate, or economics. Within any one map delineation there may be smaller soil areas which have higher or lower irrigation suitability than that indicated by the map unit.

SYMBOL DESCRIPTION e.g. 2Cmvtl

2C - Irrigation class

m - Soil limitations v, t1 - Landscape limitations

The combination of soil and landscape categories, based upon the most limiting features present, determines the irrigation class and suitability rating.

Soil Landscape Categav CategoN Description 1 A nonlimiting 2 B slightly limiting

3 C moderately limiting

4 D severly limiting

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 10

Irrigation Suitability, Cont.

Irrigation Suitability Classes

CLASS RATING DEGREE OF LIMITATION Descri tp ion 1A Excellent No soil or landscape limitations These soils are medium textured, well drained and hold adequate available moisture . Topography is level to nearly level. Gravity irrigation methods may be feasible.

2A Good Slight soil and/or landscape The slight soil and/or landscape 2B limitations limitations may limit the range 1B of crops that can be grown, require higher development inputs and require greater management skills. Sprinkler irrigation is usually the only feasible method of water application.

3A Fair Moderate soil and/or landscape The moderate soil and/or 3B limitations landscape limitations reduce the 3C range of crops that may be 1C grown and increase developement 2C and improvement costs . Management may include special conservation techniques to minimize soil erosion, limit salt movement, limit water table build-up or flooding of depressional areas . Sprinkler irrigation is usually the only feasible method of water application. 4A Poor Severe soil and/or landscape 4B limitations The severe soil and/or 4C landscape limitations generally 4D result in a soil that is unsuitable 1D for sustained irrigation use . 2D Some lands may have limited 3D potential when special crop , irrigation systems, and soil and water conservation techniques are used.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 1 1

Irrigation Suitability, Cont. Landscape Limitations

Symbol Description

t Slope - the presence of simple slopes (tl) in undulating landscapes, or complex slopes (t2) on hummocky or inclined landscapes. Complex slopes (t2) are often more limiting than simple slopes. Topography may affect the type of irrigation system design and management required

p Stones - the amount of ground covered by stones. Stones may reduce the available water-holding capacity of the soil, increase development costs and restrict the type of crops that may be grown.

i Inundation - the frequency of flooding. The inundation hazard is used mainly in areas adjacent to rivers.

c _ Impact on Nontarget areas - the hazard resulting from the impact of applied irrigation water on an adjacent non-irrigated area. The hazards may include such affects as higher water tables, wetter soils, development or build-up of saline areas, or flooding and sedimentation caused by runoff.

v Horizontal Variability - the horizontal variations caused by texture, soil structure, and landscape pattern that may result in the surface ponding of irrigated soils.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 12

Irrigation Suitability, Cont. Soil Limitations

Symbol Description

d Structure - soil structural properties that restrict root and water penetration. Commonly used with soils that have a dense B horizon and an A horizon that is subject to crusting.

k Hydraulic Conductivity - the rate at which water moves through a saturated soil. Used mainly on soil areas that have a B horizon that swells upon wetting and restricts water movement through the soil.

m Available Water-Holding Capacity - the amount of water held by a soil that can be absorbed by plants. Coarse-textured soils with a low water-holding capacity are considered to be relatively inefficient for irrigation, as compared to medium textured soil. Soils with this limitation also have relatively high hydraulic conductivities and intake rates.

g Geological Uniformity - the uniformity of the soil texture with depth. The greater the textural difference between the surface and subsoil, the greater the potential for the development of perched watertables and lateral water movement.

r Depth to Bedrock - the presence of near-surface bedrock. Perched water tables may form, resulting in poor drainage and lateral movement of water and salts.

9 Intake Rate - the rate of movement of water into and through the soil. Usually used on fine-textured soils that have relatively low intake rates requiring relatively light water application rates.

w Drainage - the rate of removal of water from a soil in relation to supply. Indicates areas of mainly poorly drained soils.

s Salinity - the presence of soluble salts that may affect the growth of crops. The potential exists for lower yields, or for lateral salt movement into adjacent areas.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 13

5.3 Agricultural Capability Capability Class (Degree of Limitation) The mineral soils of Saskatchewan are grouped into seven capability classes. Soils rated Class 1 to 3 are considered suitable for sustained production of common cultivated field crops, those rated Class 4 are considered marginal for sustained production of common cultivated field crops, those rated Class 5 are considered capable only of permanent pasture and hay production, those rated Class 6 are considered suitable only for use as native pasture, and those rated Class 7 are considered unsuitable for either the production of field crops or for use as native pasture. Example .3(6)M5(4)TE

In the symbol notation, the first number indicates the capability class, the bracketed number indicates the percent of the area, and the letters indicate the limitation.

3(6)M5(4)TE means that 60% of the area was placed in Class 3 due to a limitation in moisture-holding capacity and 40% of the area in Class 5 because of limitations due to topography and erosion damage.

CLASS 1 SOILS IN THIS CLASS HAVE NO SIGNIFICANT LIMITATIONS IN USE FOR CROPS.

CLASS 2 SOILS IN THIS CLASS HAVE MODERATE LIMITATIONS THAT RESTRICT THE RANGE OF CROPS OR REQUIRE MODERATE CONSERVATION PRACTICES .

CLASS 3 SOILS IN THIS CLASS HAVE MODERATELY SEVERE LIMITATIONS THAT RESTRICT THE RANGE OF CROPS OR REQUIRE SPECIAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES.

CLASS 4 SOILS IN THIS CLASS HAVE SEVERE LIMITATIONS THAT RESTRICT THE RANGE OF CROPS OR REQUIRE SPECIAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES OR BOTH.

CLASS 5 SOILS IN THIS CLASS HAVE VERY SEVERE LIMITATIONS THAT RESTRICT THEIR USE TO THE PRODUCTION OF NATIVE OR TAME SPECIES OF PERENNIAL FORAGE CROPS. IMPROVEMENT PRACTICES ARE FEASIBLE.

CLASS 6 SOILS IN THIS CLASS ARE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING NATIVE FORAGE CROPS ONLY . IMPROVEMENT PRACTICES ARE NOT FEASIBLE.

CLASS 7 SOILS IN THIS CLASS HAVE NO CAPABILITY FOR ARABLE AGRICULTURE OR PERMANENT PASTURE.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 14

Agricultural Capability, Cont. Capability Subclass (Kind of limitation)

The capability subclass represents a grouping of soils that have the same kind of limitations for crop production . If more than one limitation is recognized in a particular area, the subclasses are listed in order of importance. Climatic Limitations

Limitations due to climate are caused by deficiencies in the amount and distribution of precipitation, length of growing season, frost-free period and amount of heat units available for plant growth.

Subclass C: Depicts a moisture deficiency due to insufficient precipitation. Soil Limitations Limitations due to deficiencies are caused by adverse physical, chemical, and morphological properties of the soil.

Subclass D: Depicts adverse soil structure in the upper layers (A and B horizons) that affects the condition of the seedbed, prevents or restricts root growth and penetration, or adversely affects moisture permeability and percolation. Subclass M: Depicts an insufficient water-holding capacity, due to the combined effects of the textural characteristics of the top 1 m (3 to 4 ft.) and by the organic matter content of the surface horizon.

Subclass N: Depicts excessive soil salinity and applies to soils with either high alkalinity or a sufficient content of soluble salts to adversely affect crop growth or the range of crops which can be grown.

Subclass S: Depicts a variety of adverse soil characteristics. It is used in a collective sense in place of subclasses M, D, F,and N, where more than two of them are present, or where two of these occur in addition to some other limition. Landscape Limitation

Limitations due to adverse characteristics of the soil landscape.

Subclass T: Depicts a limitation in agricultural use of the soil as the result of unfavorable topography. It includes hazards to cultivation and cropping imposed by increasing degree of slope as well as by the irregularity of field pattern and lack of soil uniformity.

Subclass W: Depicts a limitation due to excess water caused by either poor soil drainage, a high groundwater table or to seepage and local runoff. It does not include limitations that are the result of flooding.

Subscass P: Depicts a limitation caused by excess stones and it applies to soils that are sufficiently stony that the difficulty of tillage, seeding and harvest are significantly increased. Subclass E: Depicts a limitation caused by actual damage from wind and/or water erosion.

Subclass I: Depicts a limitation due to inundation and applies to soils subjected to flooding by lakes or streams, but does not include local ponding in undrained depressions.

Subclass R: Depicts a limitation due to shallowness to bedrock and applies to soils where the rooting zone is restricted.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 1 5 5.4 Stones

Symbol Description so Nonstony. si Slightly stony - stones seldom hinder cultivation . Light clearing is occasionally required.

SlB1 Slightly stony, slightly bouldery - stones and boulders seldom hinder cultivation . Light clearing is occasionally required. SlB2 Slightly stony and moderately bouldery - stones and boulders cause moderate interference with cultivation. Annual clearing is usually required.

S2 Moderately stony - stones are a moderate hindrance to cultivation. Annual clearing is usually required.

S2B1 Moderately stony, slightly bouldery - stones cause moderate interference with cultivation. Annual clearing of stones is usually required. Boulders seldom hinder cultivation - light clearing is occasionally required.

S2B2 Moderately stony, moderately bouldery - stones and boulders cause moderate interference with cultivation. Annual clearing is .usually required

S3 Very stony - stones cause a serious hindrance to cultivation. Sufficient stones to require clearing on an annual basis.

S3B2 Very stony, moderately bouldery - stones and boulders cause a serious hindrance to cultivation. Sufficient boulders and stones to require clearing on an annual basis. B3 Very bouldery - boulders cause â serious hindrance to cultivation. Sufficient boulders to require clearing on an annual basis.

S4 Excessively stony - stones prohibit cultivation or make clearing a major task. Cultivation is-usually severely hindered, even after regular, heavy clearing.

S4B1 Excessively stony, slightly bouldery - stones and boulders prohibit cultivation or make clearing a major task. Cultivation is usually hindered, even after regular, heavy clearing.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 1 6

Stones, Cont.

Symbol Description

S4B2 Excessively stony, moderately bouldery - stones and boulders prohibit cultivation and make clearing a major task. Boulders make clearing more difficult. Cultivation is severely hindered, even after regular, heavy clearing.

U Unclassified.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 17

5.5 Wetlands and Drainage

Wetlands, commonly referred to as sloughs, ponds or marshes, develop in depressional areas that receive surface runoff from the surrounding landscape, but lack external surface drainage. They are frequently flooded in the spring and may contain water throughout the year. Although most are considered agricultural wastelands, they are often critical wildlife habitats. Four types of wetlands, based on the duration of flooding and the proportion of the area permanently occupied by open water and the occurance of organic materials are recognized: organic wetlands, wet meadows, marshes and open water wetlands. .

Surface drainage, or runoff, refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land surface. The water either ends up in local undrained depressions or, following a network of local channels, creeks and streams, is carried out of the area Surface drainage is controlled principally by two factors: (1) the texture and structural characteristics of the land, and (2) the direction, steepness and frequency of slopes, often referred to as topography.

Map Symbol Extent of Wetlands

Regional Runoff Al 0 - 5% A2 5 - 15% A3 15 - 40%

Local Runoff and Accumulation

Bl 0 - 5% B2 5 - 15% B3 15 - 40% Major Accumulation

C1 0 - 5% C2 5 - 15% C3 15 - 40% C4 40 - 70% Wetlands

DW Organic Wetlands DX Wet Meadows DY Marshes DZ Open Water Wetlands

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 18

Wetlands and Drainage, Cont.

Surface Drainage Classes A. Areas of Regional Surface Water Runoff - These are landscapes where most, if not all, of the water that is shed locally is carried out of the area to major creeks, rivers, or lakes. They are usually characterized by the presence of gullies. B. Areas of Local Runoff and Accumulation of Surface Water - These are landscapes where water that is shed from upper slopes collects in local depressions that are too small to be shown on the map. They are usually recognized by chaotic, hummocky landscapes with numerous, enclosed depressions or sloughs.

C. Areas of Major Accumulation of Surface Water - These are typically low- lying flat or depressional landscapes that receive surface runoff from surrounding areas resulting in temporary periods of wetness due to occasional flooding. D. Wetland Areas - These are areas that receive sufficient water from runoff and other sources to be considered a wetland. They are primarily nonagricultural lands made up of wet, poorly drained soils.

Wetlands DW. Organic Wetlands. These areas are dominated by shallow organic soils. Wet poorly drained soils occur near the margins and all soils remain saturated for most of the year.

DX. Wet Meadows. These areas consist mainly of wet, poorly drained soils. Flooding occurs mainly in the spring but can last until midsummer. These are often hayland areas but may be partially cultivated during periods of drought.

DY. Marshes. These areas consist of wet, poorly drained soils near the edges with shallow open water in the centre. Flooding usually persists until late summer and occasionally throughout the year. Haying may take place around the slough margins but these areas are rarely cultivated.

DZ. Open Water Wetlands. These areas are dominated by shallow open water with wet, poorly drained soils around the outer fringes. They are permanently flooded.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 19

5.6 Sand and Gravel

The sand and gravel symbol shows the location of near surface' sources of sandy and gravelly materials. The materials can range from mixtures of sand and silt to coarse gravelly sand. These materials may be used for concrete, sub base for roads, traffic gravel or pervious borrow for fill purposes. This symbol does not suggest whether any of these areas contain sands and gravels of sufficient volume or quality to enable commercial development. The term sand refers to materials with greater than 50% sand and with less than 15% clay. Gravel refers to materials having a significant component of particles greater than 2 mm in diameter.

Map Symbols Description SGO - No sandy or gravelly materials recognized.

91 - Very limited areas of sandy materials (1-15% of landscape). G1 - Very limited areas of gravelly materials (1-15% of landscape).

$G1 - Very limited areas of sandy and gravelly materials (1-15% of landscape) . S2 - Limited areas of sandy materials (15-40% of landscape). G2 - Limited areas of gravelly materials (15-40% of landscape).

SG2 - Limited areas of sandy and gravelly materials (15-40% of landscape). S3 - Extensive areas of sandy materials (40-70% of landscape).

G3 - Extensive areas of gravelly materials (40-70% of landscape).

SG3 - Extensive areas of sandy and gravelly materials (40-70% of landscape). S4 - Very extensive areas of sandy materials (greater than 70% of landscape).

G4 - Very extensive areas of gravelly materials (greater than 70% of landscape). SG4 - Very extensive areas of sandy and gravelly materials (greater than 70% of landscape). U - Unclassified...... Saskatchewan Soil - Survey . Page 20 Characteristics of Sand and Gravel Pits

The following table lists the legal location and provides information on various characteristics of sand and gravel pits in this municipality . The data was compiled by the Saskatchewan Research Council based on detailed field investigations by the Saskatchewan Department of Highways and Transportation .

Characteristics of Sand and Gravel Pits in the Arlington Rural Municiaplity, No . 79

Legal Location Tested Texture (%) Comments 1/4 SEC TWP RG MER Thickness (m) Gravela Sand Fines

SE- 35- 7- 19 W3 2 .5 1 .5 78 .7 19 .6 Thin deposit of dirty sand NE- 6- 8- 20 W3 3 .3 75 .6 17 .6 6 .6 Deposit of clean gravel, greater than 3 .3 m thick SE- 1- 9- 20 W3 1 .9 1 .5 74 .5 23 .8 Dirty sand deposit

a "Gravel refers to material greater than 5 mm diameter (Industrial Classi- fication .

5.7 Surface pH Surface pH Classes Percent The pH scale, ranging from 0 to 14 Symbol Surface vH Class is used to indicate the relative acidity or 5 3 2 alkalinity of a solution . pH is Xl X A B determined by measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions in the Al A7B2C1 soil solution. Thus , a soil with. a pH 2 value of 7.0 is said to be neutral, while A2 A5B C3 a value less than 7.0, acid, and a value greater than 7 .0, alkaline . A3 A3B4C3 The pH values indicated in the table 'in Section 8 are for the .surface A4 A3B3C3D1 layer of soil and are equivalent to pH measured in water. A soil with a pH B1 B4C4A2 7 provides the between 6.5 and .5 best 7C3 environment for crop growth. Yields of B2 B sweet clover and alfalfa are reduced below 6.0. A pH of 5.5 or less may B3 B5C5 reduce" the yields of wheat, barley and 6 1 canola. B4 B C3D 4D1 vH Class pH Range C1 C5B X less than 5.5 C2 C7B3

A 5.5 to 6.0 C3 C7B2D1 B 6.1 to 6.7 C4 &D1

C 6.8 to 7.5 C5 C5B2D3 D greater than 7.5 C7 C6D4 D1 C5D5

FOR EXAMPLE: Symbol ------> B1 B4C4A2

B4 - 40 % of surface area has a pH in the 'B' range (6.1 - 6.7) C4 - 40 % of surface area has. a pH in the 'C' range (6.8 - 7.5) A2 - 20 % of surface area has a pH in the 'A' range (5.5 - 6.0)

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 21

5.8 Wind Erosion

Fine-textured soils have a high water- Wind Erosion Potential holding capacity and strong surface attraction. This results in a good soil structure with a high degree of In Saskatchewan, there was resistance to wind erosion. Medium- relatively little wind erosion while our textured soils contain sufficient amounts soils were under natural vegetation, but, of silt and clay to bind sand grains since the early 1900's, erosion has had forming a good soil structure resistant to profound effects resulting in excessive granulation and, consequently, wind losses of topsoil from agricultural .land. erosion. In the past, there was little concern about soil losses due to wind erosion inability monitor the because of our to Topography importance and extent of these losses. Presently, we are able to study and The influence of topography, which understand the physical, chemical and includes such features as the differences biological properties which control wind in relief or height between one place erosion and thereby we can classify and and another, the direction, steepness and predict a soils wind erosion potential. frequency of slopes, and the comparative The wind erosion potential of the roughness of the land's surface all have soils in this municipality is based on the a pronounced effect on the potential dominant surface texture, topography, erodibility of soils . In general, the ridge roughness and climatic conditions greater the slope of the land (section within an area. These features are used 4.1), the greater the potential for wind to predict a soil's susceptibility to wind erosion to occur. erosion. The actual amount of past wind erosion that has occurred is not considered. As well, the influence of management practices is not part of the Climate initial evaluation even though this parameter has a pronounced effect on The climatic information used to the potential erodibility of soils. calculate potential wind erosion is based on the average wind velocity and the precipitation-evaporation index for a Surface Texture particular location. This information was compiled from official weather records of specific Saskatchewan locations. The relative proportions of sand, silt and clay present influence a soil's ability to absorb and retain moisture and, consequently, to form aggregates Soil-Ridge Roughness resistant to wind erosion . Coarse- textured soils have a "single grain" The soil-ridge roughness factor structure lacking sufficient amounts of refers to the roughness of the soil silt and clay to bind individual sand surface in the form of ridges which particles together. Consequently, these result mainly from the operation of soils are readily broken down and tillage and planting equipment . The eroded by wind. fields are classified as smooth, semi- ridged, or ridged.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 22 Wind Erosion, Cont.

Class Wind Erosion Susceptibility Classes

1 Very Low Soils in this class have a very low susceptibility to wind erosion. Good soil management and average growing conditions will produce a crop with sufficient trash cover to protect these soils against wind erosion.

Low Soils in this class have a low susceptibility to wind erosion. Good soil management and average growing conditions may produce a crop with sufficient trash cover to protect these soils against wind erosion.

3 Moderate Soils in this class have a moderate susceptibilty to wind erosion. Average growing conditions may not supply adequate trash cover to protect these soils against wind erosion. Enhanced soil management practices are necessary to control wind erosion.

4 . High Soils in this class have a high susceptibility to wind erosion. Average growing conditions will not provide sufficient trash cover to protect these soils against wind erosion. Coarse-textured soils may be seeded to pasture or forage crops to prevent severe degradation of the soil.

5 Very High Soils in this class have a very high susceptibility to wind erosion. These soils shoud not be used for annual cropping, but rather for pasture and forage crops which will protect the surface from severe degradation .

6 Extremely High Soils in this class have an extremely high susceptibility to wind erosion. These soils must be left in permanent pasture and are not capable of maintaining arable agriculture.

U Unclassified Unclassified areas (Wetlands).

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey. Page 23 5.9 Water Erosion

Potential Water Erosion Of Soils

The potential water erosion. classes The rate of infiltration is also are obtained from calculations using the influenced by the origin of the Universal Soil Loss Equation. This materials. Soils of similar textures but equation takes into account soil texture, different origins may have different rates soil organic matter content, slope length of infiltration. and gradient, soil infiltration rates, soil Soil surface structure influences the surface structure and the rainfall speed of water movement and, therefore, erosivity. the erosive force the water exerts on the The distribution of soil particle soil. A rough soil surface causes much the soil's sizes (soil texture) influences slower water movement and therefore potential for erosion. The silt-size there is less erosive force. particles are most easily transported by The rainfall erosivity refers to the water followed by clay and sand-sized intensity and amount of rainfall an area particles. Thus, soils high in silt are receives. An area that receives gentle, more easily eroded. short showers will experience less Soil organic matter acts like a erosion than one subjected to prolonged "glue", binding soil particles together so downpours with all other conditions that a greater force is required to break being equal. away individual particles that can be For the classes assigned to the transported by water. Soils of high map units, the soils were assumed to be organic matter contents will, therefore, under conventional summerfallow in be less erodible than those with lower order to determine a class that would contents . represent the maximum potential for Slope length and gradient are very erosion. If dissections or gullies were important to a soil's potential to erode. observed in the field, this was noted by These factors control the amount and a "D" or a "G" next to the class' speed of water movement over the soil number since there may be higher surface. Long, steep slopes are much potential erosion rates associated with more erodible 'than short, gentle slopes. these features. The rate of infiltration of water When using this information, it affects the amount of water that will run should be remembered that the class over the surface of the . Runoff soil assigned to an area is an estimation of occurs once the rate of water potential erosion for the entire area and accumulation exceeds the rate of that actual rates for individual soils infiltration. Fine-textured soils such as within that area may vary significantly clays have much lower rates of from the assigned class. infiltration than coarser-textured soils.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 24

Water Erosion, Cont.

Class Water Erosion Susceptibility!Classes 1 Very Low . Little or no susceptibility to water erosion. 2 Low Slight susceptibility to water erosion.

3 Moderate Moderate susceptibility to water erosion. Conventional farming practices will result in a steady loss of soil due to water erosion. Conservation practices should be instituted to prevent degradation of the soils.

High4. High susceptibility to water erosion. Rapid loss of soil will occur unless conservation practices are instituted. All gullies in these areas should be grassed. 5 Very High Very high susceptibility to water erosion. These soils should not be broken due to their water erosion hazard. If broken, perennial crops or permanent forage should replace annual crops. U Unclassified Unclassified areas (wetlands)

Modifiers If an area was observed to be gullied (G) or dissected (dissections being shallow gullies that can be crossed with farm implements) (D) these symbols were added to the erosion class . symbol to indicate that higher rates of erosion may occur on the steeper slopes along the edges of the dissection or gully if they are left unprotected.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 25

5.10 Past Wind and Water Erosion An erosion rating has been assigned to each soil area. This rating reflects the surveyors best estimate of the extent and degree of erosion that has occurred in an area since cultivation. Areas that have never been cultivated usually have enough vegetative cover to protect the soil surface from erosion and, therefore, remain relatively unaffected. Some uncultivated areas, however, do have clear evidence of recent erosion. The rating system contains six classes with the degree of past wind and water erosion ranging from unaffected (WO) to very severe (W5). These classes, with the, exception of WO (unaffected), are assigned modifiers (G, K, B) which identify the type of erosion that has occurred.

Classes

WO - No evidence of past wind or water erosion. (Unaffected). WI - Soils are slightly eroded. (Weak).

WlK - The knolls have slightly thinner A horizons and are lighter in color than midslopes. There is no noticeable thickening of the surface horizon on mid- and lower slopes. WlB - Wind has removed part of the soil surface resulting in thinner A horizons. There is very little mixing of the A and B horizons and little sign of soil accumulation on mid- and lower slopes. W1G - A few very shallow dissections are present indicating very slight evidence of water erosion. W2 - Soils are moderately eroded. (Moderate) .

W2K - Eroded knolls make up 5-15% of the area. The knolls are much lighter in color than midslopes. There is a noticeable thickening of the surface horizon on lower slopes due to accumulation of upper slope material. W2B - Wind has removed part of the A horizon resulting in moderately thin A horizons. There is slight mixing of A and B horizons during tillage and some evidence of soil accumulation near fencelines and windbreaks. W2G - Shallow dissections are present. The dissections may easily be crossed by farm implements and have little effect on cultivation. There is evidence of rill erosion (small channels a few centimetres deep occurring after substantial rains or snowmelt).

...... Saskatchewan Soil 'Survey. Page 26 -1

. Past Wind and Water Erosion Cont.

W3 - Soils are strongly eroded. (Strong)

W3K - Eroded knolls make up 15-40% of the area. The knolls are much lighter in color than midslopes. A large portion of the A horizon has been removed and redistributed to lower slopes. On knolls, subsoil has been incorporated into the cultivated horizon. W3B - Wind has removed a significant amount of the A horizon. Regular tillage results in a thorough mixing of the B horizon with the remaining A horizon. Accumulation of wind blown material occurs along fencelines and windbreaks. W3G - Distinct dissections are present. The dissections may be crossed by farm implements but with some difficulty and have a moderate effect on cultivation. These dissections should be seeded to grass to prevent further damage from erosion.

W4 - Soils are severely eroded. (Severe).

W4K - Eroded knolls make up 40-70% of the area. The eroded knolls are white in color, with light colors extending well onto the midslope position. Erosion has destroyed the soil profile on upper slopes. W4B - Wind has removed most of the A horizon and frequently part of the B horizon. Occasional blowout areas are present creating a very unstable surface horizon. W4G - Occasional shallow gullies are present. The gullies cannot be crossed by farm implements and therefore cannot 'be cultivated for annual cropping. Reclamation for improved pasture is difficult unless erosion can be controlled.

W5 - Soils are very severely eroded. (Very Severe).

W5K - Eroded knolls make up greater than 70% of the area. The knolls and midslopes are white in color. Erosion has destroyed the soil profile on upper and midslope positions. W5B - Wind has removed most of the soil profile. Blowout holes are numerous and easily carved into the subsoil or parent material . Areas between blowouts are deeply buried by eroded soil material. At best, this land should be utilized for native pasture or improved pasture. W5G - Deep gullies occur frequently. Soil profiles have been destroyed except in small areas between gullies. The gullies are deep enough to prevent cultivtion. These areas should be permanently grassed.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey . Page 27 6. ACREAGE FACTS

RURAL MUNICIPALITY OF ARLINGTON NUMBER 079

HECTARES ACRES TOTAL AREA 85270 210706 SOIL CAPABILITY FOR AGRICULTURE Class 1 0 0 Class 2 983 2429 Class 3 42999 106253 Class 4 15863 39199 Class 5 12301 30398 Class 6 12704 31393 Class 7 231 572 IRRIGATION SUITABILITY Excellent ...... 0 0 Good ...... 27948 69061 Fair ...... 24335 60134 Poor ...... 32800 81050 SALINITY Very Strong ...... 388 959 Strong ...... 4120 10182 Moderate ...... 724 1790 Weak ...... 215 532 None ...... 79821 197240 SAND AND GRAVEL Sandy ...... 880 2176 Sandy and Gravelly ...... 454 1123 Gravelly 20 49 STONES Non Stony to Slightly Stony 50082 123754 Moderately Stony ...... 34418 85048 Very Stony ...... 584 1443 Excessively Stony ...... ,..... 0 0 SURFACE pH X < 5.0 ...... 0 0 A 5.1 - 5 .5 ...... 0 0 B 5.6 - 6.5 ...... 14253 35221 C 6.6 - 7.5 ...... 55349 136771 D > 7.5 ...... 15481 38254 SURFACE TEXTURE Sands ...... 633 1566 Sandy Loams ...... 5548 13711 Loa ms ...... 14488 35800 Clay Loams ...... 63776 157593 Clays ...... 159 394 6. ACREAGE FACTS

RURAL MUNICIPALITY OF ARLINGTON NUMBER 079

HECTARES ACRE WIND EROSION POTENTIAL Very Low ...... 0 0 Low ...... 55800 137885 Moderate ...... 23626 58381 High ...... 2247 5553 Very High ...... 3042 7518 Extremely High ...... 219 543 WATER EROSION POTENTIAL Very Low ...... 6899 17048 Low ...... 56385 139331 Moderate ...... 8214 20299 High ...... 2672 6603 Very High ...... 10764 26598 WETLANDS AND POORLY DRAINED SOILS Open water and lakes ...... 252 623 Wet, poorly drained soils ...... 5115 12640

7. SOIL MAP UNIT DESCRIPTIONS

MAPUNIT SOIL LANDSCAPE RELATIONSHIPS Ardill: Brown soils formed in clay loam glacial till; clay loam surface textures. Ad 4 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with calcareous and eroded Ardill soils on upper slopes and knolls. Ad 5 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with calcareous Ardill soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Ardill-Kettlehut: A mixture of Brown soils (Ardill) and Solonetzic soils (Kettlehut) formed in clay loam glacial till; clay loam surface textures. AdKh 1 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with Kettlehut solonetzic soils on mid and lower slopes, and solonetzic Ardill soils on mid slopes. AdKh 9 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with Kettlehut solonetzic soils on mid and lower slopes, and solonetzic Ardill soils on mid slopes, and saline soils in depressions.

Ardill-Kelstern : A mixture of Brown soils formed in clay loam glacial till (Ardill) and Solonetzic soils formed in silty lacustrine materials (Kelstern); clay loam (Ad) to silt loam (Kn) surface textures. AdKn 1 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with Kelstern solonetzic soils on mid and lower slopes. AdKn 9 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with Kelstern solonetzic soils on mid and lower slopes, and saline soils in depressions .

Ardill-Valor: Brown soils formed in a mixture of clay loam glacial till (Ardill) and shallow, silty lacustrine materials (Valor); clay loam (Ad) to silt loam (Va) surface textures. AdVa 1 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with orthic Valor soils on mid and lower slopes. AdVa 4 Mainly orthic Ardill soils, with orthic Valor soils on mid and lower slopes, and calcareous Ardill soils on knolls.

Amulet: Dark Brown soils formed in clay loam glacial till; clay loam surface textures. Am 1 Mainly orthic Amulet soils. Am 4 Mainly orthic Amulet soils, with calcareous Amulet and eroded Amulet soils on upper slopes and knolls. Am 5 Mainly orthic Amulet soils, with calcareous Amulet soils on upper slopes and knolls. Am 6 Mainly orthic Amulet soils, with calcareous Amulet soils on upper slopes and knolls, and poorly drained soils in depressions .

Amulet-Cypress: Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of clay loam glacial till (Amulet) and glacial till modified by cobbly Tertiary materials (Cypress); clay loam (Am) to loam (Cy) surface textures.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey...... R.M. # 079...... 7. 1

AmCy 1 Mainly orthic Amulet soils, with orthic Cypress soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Amulet-Scotsguard : Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of clay loam glacial till (Amulet) and loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard); clay loam (Am) to loam (Sg) surface textures.

AmSg 1 Mainly orthic Amulet soils, with orthic Scotsguard soils.

AmSg 4 Mainly orthic Amulet soils, with orthic Scotsguard soils, and calcareous Amulet soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Amulet-Wymark: Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of clay loam glacial till (Amulet) and shallow, silty loessial materials (Wymark); clay loam (Am) to silt loam (Wk) surface textures.

AmWk 1 Mainly orthic Amulet soils, with orthic Wymark soils on mid and lower slopes.

Asquith-Weyburn : Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of sandy fluvial material (Asquith) and slightly stony loamy glacial till (Weyburn); sandy loam (Aq) and loam (Wr) surface textures.

AgWr 1 Mainly orthic Asquith soils, with orthic Weyburn soils.

Alluvium: Alluvial soils formed in variable materials; variable surface textures.

Av26 Mainly a mixture of orthic Alluvium soils,solonetzic Alluvium soils, and saline Alluvium soils .

Av 5 Mainly poorly drained soils.

Bradwell: Dark Brown soils formed in loamy lacustrine materials; fine sandy loam to very fine sandy loam surface textures.

Br 1T Mainly orthic Bradwell soils. Most of these soils are shallow to glacial till .

Bradwell-Scotsguard : Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of loamy lacustrine materials (Bradwell) and loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard); fine sandy loam (Br) to loam (Sg) surface textures.

BrSg 1 Mainly orthic Bradwell soils, with orthic Scotsguard soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Birsay: Brown soils formed in loamy lacustrine materials; fine sandy loam to very fine sandy loam surface textures.

By 5 Mainly orthic and saline Birsay soils on lower slopes.

Cathkin: A complex of saline and poorly drained soils formed in sandy alluvial materials occurring in depressional areas; sandy loam surface textures.

Ct 3 Mainly strongly saline , poorly drained soils.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey...... R.M. # 079...... 7. 2

Cypress: Dark Brown soils formed in glacial till modified by cobbly Tertiaty materials; loam surface textures.

Cy 1 Mainly orthic Cypress soils.

Cypress-Bone Creek: A mixture of Dark Brown soils formed in glacial till modified by cobbly Tertiary materials (Cypress) and Black soils formed in shallow, silty loess over cobbly tertiary materials (Bone Creek); loam surface textures.

CyBc 1 Mainly orthic Cypress soils, with orthic Bone Creek soils on mid and lower slopes.

Cypress-Exposure: A mixture of Dark Brown soils formed in glacial till modified by cobbly Tertiary materials (Cypress) and bedrock outcrops (Exposure); loam (Cy) to variable surface textures.

CyEx 1 Mainly orthic Cypress soils, with bedrock outcrops on steep slopes.

Cypress-Scotsguard : Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of glacial till modified by cobbly Tertiary materials (Cypress) and loamy till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary materials (Scotsguard); loam surface textures.

CYSg 1 Mainly orthic Cypress soils, with orthic Scotsguard soils.

Eastend: A mixture of fluvial and colluvial materials derived from Tertiary, Cretaceous, and glacial materials occuring as fans and aprons in valley bottoms and at the base of escarpments ; variable surface textures.

Ea 1 Mainly weakly developed Eastend soils, with saline soils on lower slopes, and saline poorly drained soils in depressions.

Ea 3 Mainly saline, weakly developed Eastend soils, with saline poorly drained soils in depressions .

Fife Lake-Birsay : Brown soils formed in a mixture of loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Fife Lake) and loamy lacustrine material (Birsay); loam (Fa) to sandy loam (By) surface textures.

FaBy 1 Mainly orthic Fife Lake soils, with orthic Birsay soils on mid- and lower slopes.

Fife Lake-Chaplin: Brown soils formed in a mixture of loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Fife Lake) and gravelly fluvial materials (Chaplin); loam (Fa) to gravelly sandy loam (Ch) surface textures.

FaCh 1 Mainly orthic Fife Lake soils, with orthic Chaplin soils.

Flat Lake: A complex of soils formed in loamy alluvial materials occurring in depressional areas; loam surface textures.

Fk 1 Mainly strongly saline soils with strongly saline poorly drained soils.

Fk 2 Mainly moderately saline soils, with moderately saline poorly drained soils.

Fk 3 Mainly strongly saline, poorly drained soils.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey...... R.M. # 079...... 7 . 3

Fk 5 Mainly weakly saline, poorly drained soils.

Fox Valley: Brown soils formed in silty lacustrine materials; loam to silt loam surface textures.

Fx I Mainly orthic Fox Valley soils.

Fox Valley-Fife Lake: Brown soils formed in a mixture of silty lacustrine materials (Fox Valley) and loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Fife Lake): silt loam (Fx) to loam (Fa) surface textures.

FxFa 1 Mainly orthic Fox Valley soils, with orthic Fife Lake soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Grill Lake: A complex of soils formed in clayey alluvial materials occurring in depressional areas; clay surface textures.

Gr 3 Mainly strongly saline, poorly drained soils.

Gilroy: Solonetzic soils formed in loamy lacustrine materials; fine sandy loam to sandy loam surface textures.

Gy 2 Mainly solodized solonetz Gilroy soils.

Hillwash: Weakly developed soils formed in various deposits associated with steep eroding valley sides; variable surface textures.

Hw Mainly shallow, eroded, and weakly developed soils on steep gullied valley side slopes.

Hillwash-Alluvium: A complex of soils associated with steep eroded slopes (Hillwash) and level alluvial valley bottoms (Alluvium); variable surface textures.

HwAv Mainly shallow, eroded, weakly developed soils, with poorly drained soils on valley bottoms.

Hillwash-Exposure: A mixture of soils associated with steep eroded slopes (Hillwash) and bedrock outcrops (Exposure); variable surface textures.

HwEx Mainly shallow, eroded, and weakly developed soils and bedrock outcrops on steep slopes.

Kettlehut-Kelstern: Solonetzic soils formed in a mixture of clay loam glacial till (Kettlehut) and silty lacustrine materials (Kelstern); clay loam (Kh) to silt loam (Kn) surface textures.

KhKn 8 Mainly Kettlehut solonetzic soils, with solod Kelstern soils on lower slopes, and saline soils in depressions .

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey...... R.M. # 079...... 7. 4

Klintonel: Black soils formed in clay loam glacial till; clay loam surface textures.

Kl 1 Mainly orthic Klintonel soils.

Kl 2 Mainly orthic Klintonel soils, with calcareous Klintonel soils on upper slopes and knolls, and poorly drained soils in depressions .

Kelstern-Ardill: A mixture of Solonetzic soils formed in silty lacustrine materials (Kelstern) and Brown soils formed in clay loam glacial till (Ardill); silt loam (Kn) to clay loam (Ad) surface textures.

KnAd 1 Mainly Kelstern solonetzic soils, with orthic Ardill soils on upper slopes.

Kelstern-Kindersley: Solonetzic soils formed in a mixture of silty lacustrine (Kelstern) and clayey lacustrine (Kindersley) materials; silt loam (Kn) to clay (Kd) surface textures.

KnKd 8 Mainly saline Kelstern and Kindersley solonetzic soils, and solonetz Kindersly soils.

Kelstern-Kettlehut: Solonetzic soils formed in a mixture of silty lacustrine materials (Kelstern) and clay loam glacial till (Kettlehut) ; silt loam (Kn) to clay loam (Kh) surface textures.

KnKh 9 Mainly Kelstern solonetzic soils, with solonetz Kettlehut soils on upper slopes, and saline Kelstern solonetzic soils on lower slopes.

Runway: Weakly developed and poorly drained soils formed in various deposits associated with shallow drainage channels and gullies; variable surface textures.

Rw Mainly a mixture of poorly drained soils on channel bottoms and eroded or weakly developed soils on channel side slopes.

Scotsguard: Dark Brown soils formed in loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock; loam surface textures.

Sg 1 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils.

Sg 2 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with calcareous Scotsguard soils on upper slopes and knolls, and poorly drained soils in depressions .

Sg 4 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with calcareous Scotsguard soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Scotsguard-Amulet : Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard) and clay loam glacial till (Amulet); loam (Sg) to clay loam (Am) surface textures.

SgAm 1 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with orthic Amulet soils.

SgAm 4 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with orthic Amulet soils, and calcareous Scotsguard soils on upper slopes and knolls.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey...... R.M. # 079...... 7. 5

Scotsguard-Bradwell: Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard) and loamy lacustrine materials (Bradwell); loam (Sg) to sandy loam (Br) surface textures SgBr 1 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with orthic Bradwell soils on mid and lower slopes .

Scotsguard-Exposure : A mixture of Dark Brown soils formed in loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard) and bedrock outcrops (Exposure); loam surface textures. SgEx 1 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with bedrock outcrops.

Scotsguard-Jones Creek: Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard) and glacial till highly modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Jones Creek); loam surface textures. SgJc 4 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with calcareous Scotsguard soils, and calcareous Jones Creek soils.

Scotsguard-Vesper: Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard) and shallow, silty loess over cobbly Tertiary materials (Vesper); loam (Sg) to silt loam (Vp) surface textures. SgVP 1 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with orthic Vesper soils on mid and lower slopes.

Scotsguard-Wymark: Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of loamy glacial till modified by Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary bedrock (Scotsguard) and shallow, silty loessial materials (Wymark); loam (Sg) to silt loam (Wk) surface textures. SgWk 1 Mainly orthic Scotsguard soils, with orthic Wymark soils on mid and lower slopes.

Valor: Brown soils formed in shallow, silty lacustrine materials underlain by glacial till; loam to silt loam surface textures. Va 1 Mainly orthic Valor soils.

Valor-Ardill: Brown soils formed in a mixture of shallow, silty lacustrine materials (Valor) and clay loam glacial till (Ardill); silt loam (Va) to clay loam (Ad) surface textures. VaAd 1 Mainly orthic Valor soils, with orthic Ardill soils on upper slopes and knolls. VaAd 4 Mainly orthic Valor soils, with orthic Ardill soils on upper slopes, and calcareous Ardill soils on knolls. VaAd 9 Mainly orthic Valor soils, with orthic Ardill soils on upper slopes and knolls, and saline soils in depressions.

Wymark: Dark Brown soils formed in shallow, silty loessial materials underlain by glacial till; silt loam surface textures. Wk 3 Mainly orthic and eluviated Wymark soils.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey...... R.M. # 079...... 7 . 6

Wymark-Amulet : Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of shallow, silty loessial materials (Wymark) and clay loam glacial till (Amulet); silt loam (Wk) to clay loam (Am) surface textures.

WkAm 1 Mainly orthic Wymark soils, with orthic Amulet soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Weyburn: Dark Brown soils formed in slightly stony, loamy glacial till; loam surface textures.

Wr12 Mainly orthic Weyburn soils, with calcareous Weyburn soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Wr 4 Mainly orthic Weyburn soils, with eroded and calcareous Weyburn soils on upper slopes and knolls.

Weyburn-Asquith: Dark Brown soils formed in a mixture of slightly stony, loamy glacial till (Weyburn) and sandy fluvial materials (Asquith); loam (Wr) to loamy sand (Aq) surface textures.

WrAq 1 Mainly orthic Weyburn soils, with orthic Asquith soils on lower slopes.

Wetlands: Poorly drained soils and shallow open water associated with wet, depressional areas; variable surface textures.

X Wet Meadows. Mainly poorly drained soils, with shallow open water in central areas .

Y Marshes. A mixture of poorly drained soils and shallow open water.

Z Open water wetlands. Mainly shallow open water, with poorly drained soils in marginal areas.

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey...... R.M. # 079...... 7. 7

8. SOIL INTERPRETATIONS

SURFACE EROSION PAST DELIN- MAPUNIT SLOPE SURFACE SALINITY SURFACE IRRIG AGRICULTURAL STONE WETLANDS SAND+ pH WIND WATER EROSION EATION CLASS FORM SYMBOL TEXTURE ATION CAPABILITY CLASS DRAINAGE GRAVEL

WlK 1 AMI 3 U 0 L 1Bt1 3(10)M s1 81 SGO B2 2 2 84 3 3 WlK 2 AMCY1 5-4 H 0 L-CL 1Ct2 4(7)MT5(3)T S3 B1 SGO 82 2 2 WIK 3 AMI 3-4 U 0 CL-L 2Bgvt1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO W1K 4 AMWK1 3-4 U 0 CL 2Bgvt1 3(10)M s1 82 SGO C3 2 2 2 2D W3G 5 AMSG4 4-5 ID 1MA CL 2Cgst2 4(10)TE S2 Al SGO C3 C3 2 2 W2K 6 AMSG4 4-5 H 0 CL 2Cgt2 3(7)MT4(3)T S2 B2 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 7 AMWK1 3-4 U 0 CL 2Bgvt1 3(10)M s1 B2 SGO W2K 8 AMSG4 4-5 H 0 CL 2Cgt2 3(7)MT4(3)T S2 82 SGO C3 2 2 WIK 9 AMSG1 3 U 0 CL-L 2Bgvt1 3(10)M S2 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WIK 10 AMSG1 3 U 0 CL-L 2Bgvt1 3(10)M S2 B1 SGO C3 2 2 11 AM6 4-5 H 0 CL 2Cgt2v 3(5)M4(3)T5(2)W S2 83 SGO C3 2 2 WlK WlK 12 AM6 4-5 H 0 CL 2Cgt2v 3(5)M4(3)T5(2)W S2 B3 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 13 AMSG1 3 U 0 CL-L 2Bgvt1 3(10)M S2 B1 SGO C3 2 2 2 3G W3G 14 SGAM4 4-6 UIG 0 CL 2Cgt1 6(5)TE5(3)T4(2)MT S2 Al SGO C3 2 1 WO 15 AV5 2 UC 2MA L-CL 4Dwv 6(7)W5(3)W SO C4 SGO D1 W3G 16 SGAM4 4-5 UIG 0 CL 2Cgt1 6(5)TE5(3)T4(2)MT S2 Al SGO C3 2 2G W3G 17 SGAM4 4-6 UIG 0 CL 2Cgt1 6(5)TE5(3)T4(2)MT S2 Al SGO D1 2 3G W2K 18 AM5 4-3 U 0 CL 2Bgt1 3(10)M s1 B1 sGO C3 2 2 19 AMI 3 UD 1WA CL 28gt1 3(10)M S1 A2 SGO C3 2 2D WlKG 20 AM6 3-5 H 0 CL 2Dgt2v 3(7)MT4(3)TW S2 83 SGO C3 2 2 W2K W2G 21 AMI 4 UD 0 CL-L 28gvt1 3(10)MT S2 Al SG1 C3 2 2D 22 AMI 3 UD 1WA CL 28gt1 3(10)M s1 A2 SGO C3 2 2D WlKG 23 AMI 3-4 U 0 CL-L 2Bgvt1 3(10)M S1 81 SGO B2 2 2 WlK 24 AMSG4 4-5 HO 0 CL-L 2Cgt2 3(6)MT4(4)T S2 A2 SGO C3 2 2D W2G 25 AM4 4-5 NID 0 CL 2Cgt2 3(7)MT4(3)TE S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2K 26 AMSG4 4-5 HD 0 CL 2Cgt2 3(6)MT4(4)T S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2K 27 SG2 5-4 H 1WA CL 2Dgv 4(6)T5(4)TW S2 83 SGO C3 3 3 W2KG 28 KL1 4-6 ND 1WA L-CL 1Dt2 3(4)MT4(3)TE5(3)TE S2 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2GK 29 KL1 3 U 0 L 1Bt1 2(10)M S1 81 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 30 WR12 3-4 UD 0 L-SL 1Bvt1 4(10)M S1 A2 SGO C3 3 2D WlG 31 AMI 3-4 UD 0 CL 2Bgt1 3(10)M s1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlG 32 RW 3-4 ID 1WA CL 4Dct2 4(7)MT5(3)W S2 A3 SGO C3 2 3D W3G 33 SGAM1 3-4 UD 1WA CL 2Bgt1p 3(9)M4(1)P S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlKG 34 SGAM1 4-3 UD 0 CL-SCL 2Bgvt1 3(8)M4(2)P S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2K 35 SG4 4-5 UID 0 CL 2Cgt1 3(5)M4(5)TE S2 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2G 36 AMSG4 5-4 HO 0 CL 2Cgt2 4(7)TP3(3)M S2 Al SGO C3 3 3D W2KG 37 SG2 6-4 HO 1WA CL-SCL 2Dgt2v 5(6)TE6(4)TW S2 A3 SG1 C3 3 4D WlKG 38 CYBC1 3-4 U 1WA L-CL 28mgt1 4(7)M3(3)M S1 B1 SG1 C3 2 2 W2K 39 FK2 2 U 2SPA L 4Dwv 4(6)W5(4)NW s1 C3 SG1 D1 2 1 WiB 40 KL2 3 U 2MA CL 3Dsv ~;/(6)M4(4)W S1 B3 SGO C3 2 2 W18 41 CYBC1 4-3 UD 2WA L 2Bmgt1 4(6)M3(4)M S2 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2KG 42 KL2 4-3 H 1WA CL-L 2Cgt2v 3(5)MT2(3)M5(2)W S2 B3 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 43 KL1 3-4 UD 1WA CL 2Bgt1 2(10)MT S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2KB 44 SGAM4 5-4 HIG 0 CL-L 2Cgt2 4(7)TE5(3)TE S2 Al SGO C3 3 4G W2G 45 SG2 4 HO 1WA SCL-L 2Dgv 4(7)TP5(3)W S2 A3 SGO C3 3 2D W2GK 46 SGAM4 5-6 HD 0 CL-SL 2Dgt2 5(8)TP4(2)TP S2 Al SGO C3 4 2D W2K 47 SGAM4 4-5 HO 0 CL 2Cgt2 3(6)M4(4)TP S2 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2KG 48 SGAM1 4-3 UD 0 CL 28gvt1 3(6)M4(4)TP S2 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2KG 49 SG4 4-5 NID 1MD SCL-CL 2Cgst2 4(10)TP S2 Al SGO C3 3 3D WlKG 50 EA1 3-4 UID 1WA CL-L 2Dgv 4(4)T3(3)M5(3)W S2 A3 SGO D1 2 2D W2KG 51 SG4 4-5 NID 1MD SCL-CL 2Cgst2 4(10)TP S2 Al SGO C3 3 3D WlKG 52 SGWK1 4-3 HO 1MD CL-L 2Cgst2 3(10)M S2 Al sGO C3 2 2D W2K 53 SGEX1 5-7 HIG 0 CL-SCL 3Drvt2 6(7)TP5(3)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 5G W2G 54 SGEX1 5-7 HIG 0 CL-SCL 3Drvt2 6(7)TP5(3)TE S2 AI SGO D1 3 5G W2G 55 SGEX1 5-7 HIG 0 CL-SCL 3Drvt2 6(7)TP5(3)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 5G W2G

...... Saskatchewan Soil Survey ...... R .M . #079 ...... 8 . 1 8. SOIL INTE RPRETATIONS

PAST DELIN- MAPUNIT SLOPE SURFACE SALINITY SURFACE IRRIG AGRICULTURAL STONE WETLANDS SAND+ SURFACE EROSION EROSION EATION CLASS FORM SYMBOL TEXTURE ATION CAPABILITY CLASS DRAINAGE GRAVEL pH WIND WATER

2D WlG 56 SG1 4-3 ID 1MA CL 2Cgst2 3(10)MT S1 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2G 57 SG4 5-6 HO 1WD CL 2Dgt2 5(10)TP S2 Al SGO C3 3 58 SG4 5-6 HD 1WO CL 2Dgt2 5(10)TP S2 Al SGO C3 3 3D W2G W2G 59 SG4 4-5 HO 1MD CL 2Cgst2 4(7)MT5(3)TE S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D 60 SGWK1 4-3 UD 1MD CL-SIL 2Bgst1 3(7)MT4(3)TE S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W3KG 61 SGWK1 4-3 UD 1MD CL-SIL 2Bgst1 3(7)MT4(3)TE s1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W3KG 2D W2K 62 SGWK1 3 UD 1WA L-SIL 1Bvt1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 5G W2G 63 SGEX1 5-7 HIG 0 CL-SCL 3Drvt2 6(7)TP5(3)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 64 SG1 3-4 UD 1MA CL 2Bgtlp 3(7)M4(3)P S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W1K 65 SG1 4 HO 1WO CL 2Cgt2 3(7)MT4(3)P S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2G 66 SG1 4 HO 1WO CL 2Cgt2 3(7)MT4(3)P S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2G 67 EA1 3 ID INA SIL 2Bst2 3(8)M4(2)N SO Al SGO C3 2 2D WlG 68 EA3 2 U 6SA SIL 48sv 6(10)N SO B1 SGO D1 2 1 WO 69 SG4 6 IG 1WD CL 2Dgt2 5(5)TP6(5)TE S2 Al SGO C3 3 5G W3G 70 EA1 2-3 UIC 3SA SL-SCL 4Dsv 4(4)M5(3)NW6(3)NW S1 A3 SGO D1 3 1 W2G 71 SGVP1 4 HD 0 CL-L 2Cggt2 4(6)MT3(4)M S2 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2G 72 CY1 3-4 UD 0 GSL 2Bmtlp 5(10)P S3 Al SG1 C3 4 1D W2G 73 EA1 2-3 UIC 3SA SL-CL 4Dsv 4(4)M5(3)NW6(3)NW S1 A3 SGO D1 3 1 W2G 74 HWEX 6-7 IG 1MD CL 4Dct2 6(10)TE S2 A2 SGO B4 3 5G W4G 75 CYSG1 4-3 UD 1WA GS-CL 4Dmv 5(6)TP3(4)M S3 Al SG1 C3 5 1D W1K 76 CYEX1 5 -6 HIG 1WA GSL-S 3Drvt2 5(6)TP6(4)TP S3 Al SGO D1 6 1G W3G 77 SG1 3-4 UID 1WA CL-SL 2Cgv 3(7)M4(3)ME S1 Al SGO C3 3 2D W3GK 78 SGEX1 5-7 IG 1WA CL-S 3Drvt2 5(6)TE6(4)TE S2 Al SGO C3 5 5G W2KG 79 SGEX1 5-6 IG 1WA CL-S 3Drvt2 6(10)TE S2 Al SGO C3 5 3G W3G 80 SGEX1 5-6 IG 1WA CL-S 3Drvt2 6(10)TE S2 Al SGO C3 5 3G W3G 81 SGEX1 5-6 IG 1WA CL-S 3Drvt2 6(10)TE S2 Al SGO C3 5 3G W3G 82 SGEX1 5-6 IG 1WA CL-S 3Drvt2 6(10)TE S2 Al SGO C3 5 3G W3G 83 SGAM1 3 UID 1SA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M s1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 84 SGAM1 3 UID 1SA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 85 SGAM1 3 UID 1SA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 86 SGAM1 3 UID 1SA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 87 SGAM1 3 UID 1SA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 88 SGAM1 3 UID 1SA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M s1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 89 SGJC4 4-5 HIG 1WA CL-S 2Dgv 5(8)TE6(2)TE S2 Al SG1 C3 5 2G W2GK 90 SGEX1 6-4 IG 1WA CL-S 3Drvt2 5(4)TE4(3)T6(3)TE S2 Al SGO C3 5 3G W3G 91 SG1 3-4 UID 1WA CL 2Bgt1 3(10)M S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2KG 92 HWEX 6-7 IG 1MD CL 4Dct2 6(10)TE S2 A2 SGO B4 3 5G W4G 93 AMSG1 3-4 UD 1MA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2G 94 RW 3-4 ID 2MA CL-S 4Dct2 4(7)MT5(3)W S1 A3 SGO C3 4 3D W3G 95 SGEX1 4-6 HIG 1WD SCL 3Drvt2 5(4)TE4(3)T6(3)T S2 Al SGO C3 3 4G W3GK 96 HW 6-7 IG 1MD CL 4Dct2 6(10)TE S2 Al SG1 D1 3 5G W3G 97 BRSG1 3-2 U 1WA SL-SCL 2Cmv 4(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 3 2 W2K 98 AMI 3-4 U 1WA CL-SCL 2Bgt1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 99 WKAM1 3 U 1MA SIL-CL 28svt1 3(10)M S1 81 SGO B4 2 2 W1K 100 ADVA1 3 U 1WA CL-SCL 2Bgvt1 3(10)M SO 81 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 101 AM5 4-5 H 1WA CL 2Cgt2 4(6)T3(4)MT S2 B1 SGO C3 3 2 W2K 102 BRlT 3 U 1MA FL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO B4 4 2 W2K 103 ADVA1 4-3 U 1WA CL-SCL 2Bgvt1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 3 2 WIK 104 VAAD1 3 UD 3MA SIL-CL 4Bsvt1 3(4)M4(4)M5(2)N S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 105 VAAD1 3-2 UD 1MPA SIL-CL 28svt1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlG 106 ADKN9 3-2 U 3SA CL-VCL 4Bsvt1 3(5)M4(4)ND5(1)W S1 B2 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 107 AM4 4-5 H 1WA CL 2Cgt2 3(6)M4(4)MT s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 108 BRSG1 3-2 UR 1WA SL-SCL 2Cmv 4(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 3 2 WIK 109 BRSG1 2-3 U 1WA SL-SCL 2Cmv 4(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 3 1 W1K 110 SGBR1 3-4 U 1WA SCL-SL 2Cgv 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 3 2 W2K

Saskatchewan Soil Survey ...... R.M . #079 ...... 8 .2 8. SOIL INTERPRETATIONS

DELIN- MAPUNIT SLOPE SURFACE SALINITY SURFACE IRRIG AGRICULTURAL STONE WETLANDS SAND+ SURFACE EROSION PAST EAT10N CLASS FORM SYMBOL TEXTURE ATION CAPABILITY CLASS DRAINAGE GRAVEL pH WIND WATER EROSION

111 ADVA1 4-3 U 19A CL-SCL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 81 SGO C3 3 2 W1K 112 KNKD8 3-2 U 5SA CL-C 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 81 SGO D1 2 2 WlK 113 ADVA1 4-3 U 1MA CL-SCL 2Bgvt1 3(10)M si 81 SGO C3 3 2 W1K 114 KNKD8 3-2 U 5SA CL-C 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 81 SGO D1 2 2 WlK 115 KNKD8 3-2 U 5SA CL-C 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D s1 B1 SGO D1 2 2 WlK 116 ADKH9 3-2 U 3SA CL-SCL 48svt1 3(6)M4(4)ND s1 81 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 117 AV26 2 U 5SA C-SCL 4Dksv 5(6)ND6(4)NW S1 C4 SGO D1 2 1 WlG 118 ADKH1 3 U 2SA CL-SCL 3Bdst1 3(5)M4(5)ND S1 81 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 119 RW 4 Ic 4SA SCL-CL 40ct2 5(5)NW6(3)NW4(2)TE S1 A3 SGO D1 3 4 W2G 120 BY5 2 U 4SA SL 4Dsv 4(6)M5(4)NW SO B3 SGO D1 4 1 u0 121 VAAD1 3 UI 1MA VCL-SICL 28gvt1 4(10)M si B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 122 VAAD1 3-4 UD 2SA SICL-CL 3Bsvt1 3(8)M4(2)M s1 Al SGO C3 2 2D WlK 123 AM1 4-5 HO 1WA CL 2Cgt2 4(10)MT s1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2KG 124 FABY1 4-3 U 1WA SCL-SL 2Cgv 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 4 3 WlK 125 ADKN9 3-4 U 3SA SCL 4Bsvt1 3(5)M4(3)D5(2)N s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 126

127 ADVA1 3-4 U 1MA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2KG 128 SGVP1 3-4 U 0 CL 2Bggt1 3(8)M4(2)ME S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2GK 129 VAAD4 3-2 U 2MA CL-L 3Dsv 3(7)M5(3)NW s1 B3 SGO C3 2 2 W2KG 130 ADVA4 4 H 1WA CL-SCL 2Cgt2 3(8)M4(2)MT S2 81 SGO C3 3 2 W2KG 131 Y 1 L 2MA CL-L 4Cwi 6(10)W s1 DY sGO C3 U U 132 FK1 2-3 UD 4SAD SCL-L 4Dwsv 5(7)NW6(3)NW s1 C3 SGO D1 2 1D WlGB 133

134 VAAD4 3-4 UR 1MA CL-L 2Bgst1 3(7)M4(3)ME S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 135 KHKN8 2-3 U 5MA CL 4Bksv 4(5)DN3(3)M5(2)N S1 B1 SGO C3 2 1 WlK 136 ADKH9 3-2 U 3SA CL-SCL 4Bsvt1 3(6)M4(4)ND s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 137 ADKH9 3-2 U 3SA CL-SCL 4Bsvt1 3(6)M4(4)ND s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 138 AD4 4 H 0 CL 2Cgt2 3(8)M4(2)P S2 81 SGO D1 3 2 W2K 139 KHKN8 2-3 U 6MA CL 4Bksv 4(10)ND S2 B1 SGO B4 2 1 WlK 140 ADKN1 3 U 2MA CL-L 3Bdst1 3(7)M4(3)ND S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 141 RW 3-4 ID 6SAD CL-L 4Dct2 6(7)NW7(3)NW S2 A3 SGO D1 2 3D W2G 142 ADKH9 3 U 3SA CL-L 4Bsvt1 4(4)M5(4)N3(2)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WiB 143 ADKN1 3 U 2MA CL-L 3Bdst1 3(7)M4(3)ND s1 81 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 144 GR3 2 U 4SA CL-C 4Dwsv 5(10)NW SO C4 SGO C3 2 1 W2G 145 KNAD1 3 U 2MA CL-L 4Bkvt1 3(7)M4(3)ND S1 81 SGO C3 2 2 W2B 146 KNKH9 2 U 4SA CL 4Bksv 4(7)MD5(3)N s1 81 SGO C3 2 1 WlK 147 GR3 2 U 6SA CL-C 4Dwsv 5(7)NW6(3)N SO C4 SGO C3 2 1 WlG 148 ADKH1 3-4 U 2MA CL 38dst1 3(6)M4(4)ND S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 149 KNAD1 3 U 2SA CL-L 48kvt1 4(6)ND3(4)M S1 81 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 150 KHKN8 3-2 - U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W1B 151 WR4 5-4 IG 1WA L 1Ct2 3(4)M4(4)T5(2)TE S2 Al SGO C3 3 4G W2G 152 WRAQ1 4-3 UID 0 L-SL 1Cv 4(5)M5(5)M S2 Al S2 C3 4 3D W2G 153 HW 6-5 IG 2SD CL 4Dct2 5(5)TE6(5)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 5G W3G 154 WRAQ1 4-3 UID 0 L-SL 1Cv 4(5)M5(5)M S2 Al S2 C3 4 3D W2G 155 WRAQ1 4-3 UID 0 L-SL 1Cv 4(5)M5(5)M S2 Al S2 C3 4 3D W2G 156 WR4 5-6 IG 1SD L 2Dst2 4(7)TE5(3)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 4G W3G 157 AQWR1 3-4 UD 1MA SL-L 2Cmsv 5(6)M4(4)M s1 Al S3 C3 4 2D W2BG 158 GY2 3 UD 4MA SL-S 4Cksv 4(5)DM5(5)M S1 Al SGO C3 5 2D W2G 159 CT3 2-3 UD 6VA LS-SIL 4Dwsv 6(10)NW s1 C4 S4 D1 4 1D W2G 160 KHKN8 3-2 U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlG 161 CT3 2-3 UD 6VA LS-SIL 4Dwsv 6(10)NW s1 C4 S4 D1 4 1D W2G 162 KHKN8 3-2 , U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WIG 163 KHKN8 3-2 U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlG

Saskatchewan Soit Survey ...... R.M . #079 ...... 8 . 3 8. SOIL INTERPRETATIONS

DELIN- MAPUNIT SLOPE SURFACE SALINITY SURFACE IRRIG AGRICULTURAL STONE WETLANDS SAND+ SURFACE EROSION PAST EATION CLASS FORM SYMBOL TEXTURE ATION CAPABILITY CLASS DRAINAGE GRAVEL pH WIND WATER EROSION

164 KHKN8 3-2 U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 81 SGO C3 2 2 WlG 165 KHKN8 3-2 U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WIG 166 KHKN8 3-2 U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlG 167 KHKN8 3-2 U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D s1 B1 sGO C3 2 2 WIG 168 KNKH9 3-2 U 4MA L-SICL 4Bksv 4(10)DN S1 B1 SGO B4 2 2 WO 169 RW 3-6 IG 3SD CL 4Dct2 5(10)TP S2 Al SGO D1 2 4G W4G 170 FK2 2 U 4MA SIL 4Dwsv 4(6)NW5(4)NW s1 C3 SGO C3 2 1 WO 171 RW 3-4 IG 4SD CL 40ct2 6(10)WN SO A3 SGO D1 2 3G W4G 172 AD5 3-5 H 0 CL 2Dgt2 4(8)TP5(2)TE S2 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W3K 173 2 1 L 3SA CL 4Cwi 7(10)WN S1 DZ SGO C3 U U 174 AD5 3-5 H 0 CL 2Dgt2 4(8)TP5(2)TE S2 81 SGO C3 2 2 W3K 175 FK5 2 U 2SA CL 4Dwv 5(10)W S1 C4 SGO D1 2 1 WO 176 VA1 3 U 2MA SIL-L 3Bsvt1 3(7)M4(3)M SO B1 SGO C3 2 2 W2K 177 FK3 2 U 5SA CL 4Dwsv 6(10)NW S2 C4 SGO D1 2 1 WO 178 ADVA4 3-4 HD 2SA CL-SICL 3Cst2 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2KG 179 FK3 2-4 UI 5SA SICL 4Dwsv 6(10)NW S1 C4 SGO D1 2 2 W4G 180 RW 3-5 IG 4SD CL 4Dct2 5(10)PT S2 Al SGO D1 2 4G W4G 181 VA1 3 U 2MA SIL-CL 3Bsvt1 3(10)M s1 81 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 182 VAAD9 3 U 3SA CL 4Csv 3(8)M5(2)NW s1 B3 sGO C3 2 2 WIKG 183 CT3 2 U 6SA SL 4Dwsv 6(10)NW SO C4 S4 D1 4 1 WO 184 CT3 2 U 6SA SL 4Dwsv 6(10)NW SO C4 S4 D1 4 1 WO 185 VA1 3 U 2MA SIL-CL 38svt1 3(10)M s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 186 WRAO1 4-5 UD 2SD L-SL 3Csvt1 4(5)MT5(5)M S2 Al S2 C3 4 2D W3G 187 AMSG1 4-3 UD 1WA CL-SIL 28gvt1 3(10)MT S2 Al SGO C3 2 3D W2G 188 AM1 3-4 UD 2WA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2K 189 AMWK1 3 UD 2WA CL-SIL 2Bgst1 3(10)M s1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2G 190 AM1 4-5 UD 2SD CL 3Cst1 4(8)TP5(2)T S2 Al SGO C5 2 2D W3G 191 WKAM1 3 U 1MA SICL 2Bgst1 3(10)M s1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 192 WKAMI 3 U 1MA SICL 28gst1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 193 HW 6-5 IG 2VA CL 4Dct2 5(5)TE6(5)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 5G W4G 194 AM1 3-4 UD 2WA CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2G 195 AMWK1 3 U 2MA CL-SIL 3Bsvt1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 196 AMWK1 3-4 UD 2MA CL-SICL 3Bsvt1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2G 197 WK3 3-2 U 2WA SICL 28gst1 3(10)M SO B1 SGO 84 2 2 W1K 198 ADVA1 3-4 UD 2MA CL-SICL 3Bsvt1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2KG 199 SG4 5-6 IG 2SD SL-L 3Dst2 5(7)TP6(3)TP S2 Al SGO C7 4 3G W4G 200 WK3 3-2 U 2MA SIL 3Bsvt1 3(10)M SO B1 SGO C3 2 2 WO 201 HW 6-5 IG 2SD CL 4Dct2 5(5)TE6(5)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 5G W3G 202 HW 6-5 IG 2SD CL 4Dct2 5(5)TE6(5)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 5G W3G 203 HW 6-5 IG 2VA CL 4Dct2 5(5)TE6(5)TE S2 Al SGO D1 3 5G W4G 204 X 1 L 1MA SICL 4Cwi 5(10)W S1 DX SGO C3 U U 205 WKAM1 3 U 1MA SICL-CL 28gst1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 206 WK3 3-2 U 2MA SIL 3Csv 3(8)M4(2)W S1 B3 SGO 84 2 2 WO 207 Y 1 L 2MA SIL 4Cwi 5(10)W S1 DY SGO 84 U U 208 AM5 3-4 HD 1MA L-CL 2Cst2 3(8)MP4(2)TE S2 Al SGO C3 2 2D W3KG 209 FK3 3 UD 5SA SCL 4Dwsv 5(6)NW6(4)N S2 C4 SGO D1 2 1D W2G 210 X 1 L 1MA SICL-CL 4Cwi 5(10)W S1 DX SGO C3 U U 211 VAAD1 3 U IMA SICL-CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 212 AD5 4-3 HD 2SD CL 3Cst2 3(7)MT4(3)TP S2 AI SGO C5 3 2D W3G 213 ADVA4 3-4 HD 2SA CL-SICL 3Cst2 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2KG 214 FX1 3 U 1WA SIL-SICL 1Bvt1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 215 VAAD1 3-4 UD 1MA SIL-CL 2Bsvt1 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2K 216 FK1 3-2 U 6SA SIL 4Bwst1 5(8)N3(2)M SO C3 SGO C3 2 2 W1K 217 Y 1 L 1MA SIL-CL 4Cwi 5(10)W S1 DY SGO C3 U U 218 ADVA4 3-4 H 1WA SICL 2Cgt2 3(10)M S2 81 SGO C5 2 2 W2K

Saskatchewan Soil Survey ...... R.M . #079 ...... 8 .4 8. SOIL INTERPRETATIONS

219 VAAD1 3 U 1MA SICL-CL 2Bgst1 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 220 HW 4-6 IG 3VA CL 4Dct2 6(6)TN5(4)TE S2 Al SGO Dl 3 5G W4G 221 FXFA1 3 U 2SA SIL 3Bsvtl 3(9)M5(1)N S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WIK 222 FK1 3-2 U 6SA SIL 4Bwst1 5(8)N3(2)M SO C3 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 223 FK1 3-2 U 6SA SIL 4Bwst1 5(8)N3(2)M SO C3 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 224 FACH1 4-5 H 1WD SIL-FL 1Dv 4(6)MT5(4)M S2 B1 G2 C3 4 3 W2KG 225 FKl 3-2 U 6SA SIL 4Bwst1 5(8)N3(2)M SO C3 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 226 FXFA1 3 U 1SA SIL-CL 2Bsvtl 3(10)M S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 227 VAl 3 U 2MA SIL-CL 3Bsvt1 3(10)M S1 81 SGO C3 2 2 WlK 228 RW 3-2 UD 4SA L 4Dct2 5(7)NW6(3)NW S1 A3 SGO C3 2 30 W2G 229 HWAV 5-6 IG 2MA SL-CL 4Dct2 5(4)TW6(4)TE4(2)TE S2 A3 SGO C3 4 5G W2G 230 ADVA4 3-4 HD 2SA CL-SICL 3Cst2 3(10)M S1 Al SGO C3 2 2D W2KG 231 FK3 3 U 6SA L-CL 4Dwsv 5(8)NW6(2)N SO C4 SGO D1 2 2 WO 232 KHKN8 3-2 U 5SA L-SICL 4Bksv 5(6)N4(4)D S1 B1 SGO C3 2 2 WlB 233 HW 5-6 IG 1MD CL 4Dct2 5(5)TE6(5)TE S2 Al SGO C3 3 5G W3G

Saskatchewan Soil Survey ...... R .M . #079 ...... 8 . 5 9. Further Information

For more information about the data contained in this report or for more information about the Saskatchewan Soil Survey, please contact:

Saskatchewan Soil Survey Room 5C26 Agriculture Building University of Saskatchewan Campus 51 Campus Drive SASKATOON SK S7N 5A8

OR please phone:

(306) 975-4060

If more copies of this report are required, please indicate the name of the Rural Municipality and the number of copies required.