Proposed New Large Network Asset Adelaide Central Region South Australia

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Proposed New Large Network Asset Adelaide Central Region South Australia PROPOSED NEW LARGE NETWORK ASSET ADELAIDE CENTRAL REGION SOUTH AUSTRALIA APPLICATION NOTICE ElectraNet Pty Ltd (ABN 41 094 482 416) Version 1.2 10 January 2008 COPYRIGHT © ElectraNet - All Rights Reserved This document is protected by copyright vested in ElectraNet. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without limitation unless prior written permission is obtained from ElectraNet. Important Information and Disclaimer This application notice has been prepared for the purposes of clause 5.6.6 of the National Electricity Rules. It may be used by Registered Participants and interested parties only for the purposes of the consultation process under that clause. This application notice should not be used or relied on for any other purposes. This application notice will be superseded by a final report which is to be prepared after the consultation process is complete. The contents of the final report may differ from the contents of this application notice. This application notice contains analysis based on estimates prepared by, and assumptions made by, ElectraNet and ETSA Utilities. The document has been prepared using information, including information as to costs, provided by a number of third parties. ElectraNet and ETSA Utilities can not verify the accuracy or reliability of information provided to it by third parties. The application notice contains the results of financial modelling and economic analysis undertaken by ElectraNet and ETSA Utilities. It contains assumptions regarding, among other things, economic growth and load forecasts that may or may not prove to be correct. It is based on estimates of costs for options which are modelled rather than fully developed, and is based on current estimates of costs which may change over time. The costs estimates used to evaluate the options described in this application notice are estimates only based on information currently available to ElectraNet and ETSA Utilities and should not be taken as necessarily reflecting the actual costs of later implementing an option. While care was taken in preparation of the information in this application notice, and it is provided in good faith, neither ElectraNet nor ETSA Utilities warrant the accuracy of the contents of this application notice, and so far as the law allows accept no responsibility or liability for any loss or damage that may be incurred by any person acting in reliance on this application notice or assumptions drawn from it. 10/1/2008 Version 1.2 - APPLICATION NOTICE – Transmission network limitations, Adelaide Central region, South Australia Page 2 of 61 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................................4 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................6 2. BACKGROUND: ELECTRICITY SUPPLY SYSTEM .........................................................................8 2.1 GEOGRAPHIC AREA .............................................................................................................................8 2.2 EXISTING SUPPLY ARRANGEMENTS ....................................................................................................9 2.3 COMMITTED NETWORK DEVELOPMENTS ..........................................................................................10 2.4 EXISTING AND COMMITTED GENERATION FACILITIES AND DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT ..................10 3 BACKGROUND: ELECTRICITY DEMAND .......................................................................................12 3.1 OVERVIEW .........................................................................................................................................12 3.2 LOAD FORECAST ................................................................................................................................12 3.3 PATTERN OF USE ...............................................................................................................................13 4 ADELAIDE CENTRAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONS ............................................................................14 4.1 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY RULES ........................................................................................................14 4.2 SOUTH AUSTRALIAN ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION CODE ................................................................14 5 PROJECTED NETWORK LIMITATIONS ............................................................................................16 6 OPTIONS CONSIDERED ......................................................................................................................17 6.1 NON -NETWORK OPTIONS ...................................................................................................................17 6.2 TRANSMISSION NETWORK OPTIONS .................................................................................................17 6.2.1 TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION SITE SELECTION ..................................................................................17 6.2.2 TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION – INITIAL & ANTICIPATED ULTIMATE COMPOSITION .............................19 6.2.3 TRANSMISSION CONNECTION OPTIONS .............................................................................................23 6.2.3.1 OPTION 1 – “TIPS – DIRECT (CABLE )” .........................................................................................26 6.2.3.2 OPTION 1A – “TIPS – DIRECT (OVERHEAD )” .............................................................................31 6.2.3.3 OPTION 2 – “TIPS, KILBURN BY -PASS ”........................................................................................35 6.3 DISTRIBUTION CONNECTION OPTIONS ...............................................................................................38 7 SCENARIOS CONSIDERED .................................................................................................................39 7.1 CONTEXT FOR EVALUATION OF OPTIONS .........................................................................................39 7.2 ASSUMED MARKET DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS ..............................................................................39 7.2.1 EXISTING NETWORK AND FUTURE TRANSMISSION DEVELOPMENT .................................................39 7.2.2 VARIATIONS IN DEMAND GROWTH ....................................................................................................39 7.2.3 EXISTING AND COMMITTED GENERATORS AND DEMAND SIDE DEVELOPMENTS ............................39 7.2.4 POTENTIAL NEW GENERATION .........................................................................................................40 8 FORMAT AND INPUTS TO ANALYSIS ..............................................................................................41 8.1 REGULATORY TEST REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................41 8.2 INPUTS TO ANALYSIS .........................................................................................................................41 8.3 COST OF NETWORK AUGMENTATIONS .............................................................................................41 8.4 OTHER INPUTS TO ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................41 9 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS .........................................................................................................................43 9.1 INPUTS TO ANALYSIS .........................................................................................................................43 9.2 INTER -NETWORK IMPACT ...................................................................................................................45 11 RECOMMENDATION .............................................................................................................................47 12 CONSULTATION ....................................................................................................................................48 13 GLOSSARY ..............................................................................................................................................49 10/1/2008 Version 1.2 - APPLICATION NOTICE – Transmission network limitations, Adelaide Central region, South Australia Page 3 of 61 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Discussion ElectraNet’s transmission service responsibilities in Adelaide’s central business district are soon to be significantly affected by increased reliability and security of supply obligations. Those revised obligations are contained in the July 2008 edition of the South Australian Electricity Transmission Code (ETC) that is issued by the Essential Services Commission of South Australia (ESCOSA) on a five-yearly basis. In those revised ETC standards, that will take effect from 1 st July 2008, ESCOSA defines a new region that specifically and intentionally targets the main business and commercial centre of Adelaide. This region is assigned a higher level of supply reliability and security than was previously afforded it in order to better-reflect its commercial and business significance to the State. The new region has been named ‘Adelaide Central’, and has been defined as “that area of Adelaide which is located east of West Terrace, north of South Terrace, west of East Terrace, and south of the River Torrens”. It is referred
Recommended publications
  • Preliminary Incident Report - Trip of Torrens Island a and B West 275 Kv Busbars on 12 March 2021
    Preliminary Incident Report - Trip of Torrens Island A and B West 275 kV busbars on 12 March 2021 March 2021 A preliminary operating incident report for the National Electricity Market – information as at 16/03/2021 ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Term AEMC Australian Energy Market Commission AEMO Australian Energy Market Operator AEST Australian Eastern Standard Time LOR Lack of Reserve NEM National Electricity Market NER National Electricity Rules TNSP Transmission Network Service Provider © AEMO 2021 | Preliminary Incident Report - Trip of Torrens Island A and B West 275 kV busbars on 12 March 2 2021 Important notice PURPOSE AEMO has prepared this preliminary report as part of its review of the reviewable operating incident involving trip of Torrens Island 275 kV West busbar in South Australia on 12 March 2021 as a first step in reporting under clause 4.8.15(c) of the National Electricity Rules. The observations in this report will be updated in AEMO’s final operating incident report, where new information becomes available. DISCLAIMER AEMO has been provided with preliminary data by Registered Participants as to the performance of some equipment leading up to, during and after the event in accordance with clause 4.8.15 of the National Electricity Rules. In addition, AEMO has collated preliminary information from its own systems. Any analysis and conclusions expressed in this document are also of a preliminary nature. While AEMO has made every reasonable effort to ensure the quality of the information in this report, its investigations are incomplete, and any findings expressed in it may change as further information becomes available and further analysis is conducted.
    [Show full text]
  • Project Energyconnect Review of Economic Assessment
    Project EnergyConnect Review of economic assessment 31 March 2021 Project EnergyConnect Review of economic assessment Copyright and Disclaimer Copyright in this material is owned by or licensed to ElectraNet. Permission to publish, modify, commercialise, or alter this material must be sought directly from ElectraNet. Reasonable endeavours have been used to ensure that the information contained in this report is accurate at the time of writing. However, ElectraNet gives no warranty and accepts no liability for any loss or damage incurred in reliance on this information. Revision Record Date Version Description Author Checked By Approved By 31 Mar 2021 1.0 For submission to the Brad Harrison Simon Appleby Rainer Korte AER and publication Hugo Klingenberg Page 1 of 12 Project EnergyConnect Review of economic assessment Project EnergyConnect material change in circumstances assessment Executive Summary On 14 September 2020, ElectraNet submitted an updated economic cost benefit analysis for Project EnergyConnect (PEC) to the AER for approval. The AER confirmed on 28 September 2020 that: “…the AER considers that the updated cost benefit analysis provides a not unreasonable basis for ElectraNet’s opinion that PEC remains the preferred option. We expect both ElectraNet and TransGrid to submit full and complete contingent project applications for PEC as soon as possible.” On 29 September 2020, the ElectraNet Board approved submission of a contingent project application (CPA) based on the AER’s confirmation and the CPA was submitted to the AER on 30 September 2020. This note reviews several subsequently announced policies and other changes in the National Electricity Market (NEM) and considers the impact that these could have on the benefits of PEC.
    [Show full text]
  • The Answer Is Blowing in the Wind?
    The Answer is blowing in the Wind? Introduction Most people living in the Mid North of South Australia are well-aware that the region is targeted with the rapid roll out of Premier Rann‟s renewable energy programme. In recent years, massive industrial wind turbines have appeared along ridgelines from Waterloo in the south to near Jamestown in the north, and from Snowtown in the west to Hallett in the east. Many more projects are in the pipeline: Carmody‟s Hill, Willogoleche, Collaby Hill, Hallett Stages 3, 4, and 5, Barnhill, Snowtown 2, Stony Gap and Robertstown; some of which are approved and all of which are planned. The Mid North is not the only region of the state with wind farms but, at this stage, they are more concentrated there. Why is this so? In part, it is because of the close proximity of the wind farm sites to a number of electrical power sub-stations and to an extensive grid system. Also, experience from around the world shows that low-income areas are 80 metres the height of the towers frequently targeted because people in such areas are less likely to criticise the 48 metres the length of the blades problems caused by new industries. Some time ago, a bureaucrat, working in the state‟s energy department, when asked why the Mid North was 90 tonnes the weight of the nacelle considered a good area to locate industrial wind farms answered that the and hub which sits on top population there was low and people would put up with them.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Report
    BLACK SYSTEM SOUTH AUSTRALIA 28 SEPTEMBER 2016 Published: March 2017 BLACK SYSTEM SOUTH AUSTRALIA 28 SEPTEMBER 2016 – FINAL REPORT IMPORTANT NOTICE Purpose AEMO has prepared this final report of its review of the Black System in South Australia on Wednesday 28 September 2016, under clauses 3.14 and 4.8.15 of the National Electricity Rules (NER). This report is based on information available to AEMO as of 23 March 2017. Disclaimer AEMO has been provided with data by Registered Participants as to the performance of some equipment leading up to, during, and after the Black System. In addition, AEMO has collated information from its own systems. Any views expressed in this update report are those of AEMO unless otherwise stated, and may be based on information given to AEMO by other persons. Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, AEMO and its officers, employees and consultants involved in the preparation of this update report: make no representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the currency, accuracy, reliability or completeness of the information in this update report; and, are not liable (whether by reason of negligence or otherwise) for any statements or representations in this update report, or any omissions from it, or for any use or reliance on the information in it. © 2017 Australian Energy Market Operator Limited. The material in this publication may be used in accordance with the copyright permissions on AEMO’s website. Australian Energy Market Operator Ltd ABN 94 072 010 327 www.aemo.com.au [email protected] NEW SOUTH WALES QUEENSLAND SOUTH AUSTRALIA VICTORIA AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY TASMANIA WESTERN AUSTRALIA BLACK SYSTEM SOUTH AUSTRALIA 28 SEPTEMBER 2016 – FINAL REPORT NER TERMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND MEASURES This report uses many terms that have meanings defined in the National Electricity Rules (NER).
    [Show full text]
  • Project Energyconnect: Updated Cost Benefit Analysis
    PROJECT ENERGYCONNECT Updated Cost Benefit Analysis 30 September 2020 Project EnergyConnect: Updated Cost Benefit Analysis Copyright and Disclaimer Copyright in this material is owned by or licensed to ElectraNet. Permission to publish, modify, commercialise or alter this material must be sought directly from ElectraNet. Reasonable endeavours have been used to ensure that the information contained in this report is accurate at the time of writing. However, ElectraNet gives no warranty and accepts no liability for any loss or damage incurred in reliance on this information. Revision Record Date Version Description Author Checked By Approved By 9 Sep 2020 Final Final draft for AER review Brad Harrison Hugo Klingenberg Rainer Korte Draft Simon Appleby 30 Sep 2020 Final Final for publication Brad Harrison Simon Appleby Rainer Korte Page 2 of 35 Project EnergyConnect: Updated Cost Benefit Analysis Executive Summary Project EnergyConnect (PEC) is the proposed new 330 kV electricity interconnector between Robertstown in South Australia and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales that also includes a short 220 kV line from Buronga in New South Wales and Red Cliffs in northwest Victoria. ElectraNet completed the Regulatory Investment Test for Transmission (RIT-T) with the release of a Project Assessment Conclusion Report (PACR) on 13 February 2019, which concluded that Project EnergyConnect was the preferred option that satisfied the requirements of the RIT-T. On 24 January 2020 the Australian Energy Regulator (AER) issued a formal determination that found that ElectraNet had correctly identified Project EnergyConnect as the preferred option. The National Electricity Rules (NER) require ElectraNet to consider whether, in its reasonable opinion, there has been a “material change in circumstances” that might lead to a change in the preferred option and thereby potentially require reapplication of the RIT-T.
    [Show full text]
  • Generator Technical and Cost Parameters
    Generator Technical and Cost Parameters ElectraNet Reference: 508986 Revision: 2 FINAL 2020-07-23 Document control record Document prepared by: Aurecon Australasia Pty Ltd ABN 54 005 139 873 Level 10, 55 Grenfell Street Adelaide SA 5000 Australia T +61 8 8237 9777 F +61 8 8237 9778 E [email protected] W aurecongroup.com A person using Aurecon documents or data accepts the risk of: a) Using the documents or data in electronic form without requesting and checking them for accuracy against the original hard copy version. b) Using the documents or data for any purpose not agreed to in writing by Aurecon. Document control Report title DocumentGenerator title Technical and Cost Parameters Document code Project number 508986 File path 508986-REP-ElectraNet-Generator Technical And Cost Parameters-23July2020.docx Client ElectraNet Client contact Bradley Harrison Client reference Rev Date Revision details/status Author Reviewer Verifier Approver (if required) 0 2020-04-22 Preliminary Draft for Client MSG SHM RD review 1 2020-06-03 Revised Draft - Updates to SHM MSG RD Sections 3.1, 4.1.1, and 4.3.2 2 2020-07-23 Final Issue SHM MSG RD Current revision 2 Approval Author signature Approver signature Name Shannon Moss Name Ric Darley Title Senior Power Generation Title Technical Director Engineer Project number 508986 File 508986-REP-ElectraNet-Technical And Cost Parameters-23July2020.docx 2020-07-23 Revision 2 Contents Executive summary .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 South Australian Electricity Report
    SOUTH AUSTRALIAN ELECTRICITY REPORT SOUTH AUSTRALIAN ADVISORY FUNCTIONS Published: August 2016 SOUTH AUSTRALIAN ELECTRICITY REPORT IMPORTANT NOTICE Purpose The purpose of this publication is to provide information about South Australia’s electricity supply and demand. While some historic price information is provided for completeness, this publication does not present any views on the effectiveness of price signals in the National Electricity Market. AEMO publishes this South Australian Electricity Report in accordance with its additional advisory functions under section 50B of the National Electricity Law. This publication is based on information available to AEMO as at 1 July 2016, although AEMO has endeavoured to incorporate more recent information where practical. Disclaimer AEMO has made every effort to ensure the quality of the information in this publication but cannot guarantee that information, forecasts and assumptions are accurate, complete or appropriate for your circumstances. This publication does not include all of the information that an investor, participant or potential participant in the South Australian electricity market might require, and does not amount to a recommendation of any investment. Anyone proposing to use the information in this publication (including information and reports from third parties) should independently verify and check its accuracy, completeness and suitability for purpose, and obtain independent and specific advice from appropriate experts. Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, AEMO and its officers, employees and consultants involved in the preparation of this publication: make no representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the currency, accuracy, reliability or completeness of the information in this publication; and are not liable (whether by reason of negligence or otherwise) for any statements, opinions, information or other matters contained in or derived from this publication, or any omissions from it, or in respect of a person’s use of the information in this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • A South Australia's Electricity and Gas Industries
    A South Australia's Electricity and Gas Industries Both the electricity and gas industries in South Australia have undergone a range of significant reforms over the last fifteen years, commencing with the vertical disaggregation of the electricity and gas supply chains in the mid-1990s and culminating with the introduction of FRC for customers of all sizes during 2003-04. In the wake of FRC, gas and electricity retailing in South Australia has moved from a single host retailer model to a multiple retailer model. The remainder of this appendix provides both an historic perspective on the reforms that were undertaken in advance of the introduction of FRC and an overview of the current structure of energy retailing. A.1. Progression to FRC A.1.1. Electricity industry progression to FRC Between 1946 and 1995, the Electricity Trust of South Australia (ETSA) was responsible for undertaking all aspects of the electricity supply chain in South Australia including the generation, transmission, distribution and retail sale of electricity. On 1 July 1995, the Electricity Trust of South Australia was corporatised and became ETSA Corporation under the Public Corporations Act 1993. In January 1997 the South Australian Government undertook the first steps towards vertical disaggregation, by transferring ETSA’s generation assets to SA Generation Corporation. The second step toward vertical disaggregation occurred in October 1998 when the South Australian Government announced that, in order to meet its commitments under the Competition Principles Agreement and in preparation for entry into the NEM, ETSA Corporation and SA Generation Corporation would need to be further disaggregated.
    [Show full text]
  • South Australian Energy Transformation RIT-T: Project Assessment Conclusions Report
    13 February 2019 SOUTH AUSTRALIA ENERGY TRANSFORMATION PACR 13 FEBRUARY 2019 Copyright and Disclaimer Copyright in this material is owned by or licensed to ElectraNet. Permission to publish, modify, commercialise or alter this material must be sought directly from ElectraNet. Reasonable endeavours have been used to ensure that the information contained in this report is accurate at the time of writing. However, ElectraNet gives no warranty and accepts no liability for any loss or damage incurred in reliance on this information. Revision Record Date Version Description Author Checked By Approved By ElectraNet internal review Brad Harrison and 13 February 2019 1.0 First Issue and Jurisdictional Rainer Korte HoustonKemp Planning Bodies SOUTH AUSTRALIA ENERGY TRANSFORMATION PACR 13 FEBRUARY 2019 Executive Summary ElectraNet has investigated interconnector and network support options aimed at reducing the cost of providing secure and reliable electricity to South Australia in the near term, while facilitating the longer-term transition of the energy sector across the National Energy Market (NEM) to low emission energy sources. We have applied the Regulatory Investment Test for Transmission (RIT-T)1 to this identified need. This Project Assessment Conclusions Report (PACR) is the final formal step in the South Australia Energy Transformation (SAET) RIT-T and takes into account stakeholder feedback received during earlier stages of the RIT-T process, including consultation on a Project Assessment Draft Report (PADR) published in June 2018. Our investigation has been undertaken in consultation with, and with the support of, the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) as the national planning body and relevant Jurisdictional Planning Bodies AEMO (Victoria), Powerlink (Queensland) and TransGrid (New South Wales).
    [Show full text]
  • Tilt Renewables Australia Pty Ltd ACN 101 038 331 GPO Box 16080 Collins Street West Melbourne Victoria, 8007 Australia Phone
    ElectraNet 52-55 East Terrace Adelaide South Australia Australia 31 August 2018 Attention: South Australian Energy Transformation PADR Feedback Re: Submission on South Australian Energy Transformation PADR To whom it may concern, Introduction Tilt Renewables is pleased to respond to ElectraNet’s Project Assessment Draft Report (PADR) for the South Australian Energy Transformation RIT-T. Tilt Renewables generally supports the findings of the PADR but recommends that some aspects of the non-network option be adopted simultaneously with the “Riverlink” option as part of this RIT-T. Tilt Renewables has an operational capacity of 636 MW of generation throughout Australia and New Zealand and a development pipeline in excess of 3500MW, with more than 1500MW already holding required planning approvals. In South Australia, Tilt Renewables owns Snowtown Wind Farm (101 MW) and Snowtown Stage 2 Wind Farm (270 MW) and has the Palmer Wind Farm, Highbury Pumped Hydro and Snowtown North Solar/BESS projects in its development portfolio. PADR Assessment The original “RIT-T: Project Specification Consultation Report” (PSCR) published by ElectraNet on 7/11/2016 states that additional “…interconnection between National Electricity Market (NEM) regions can facilitate greater competition between generation sources, thereby delivering lower overall energy prices for customers, in addition to facilitating an increase in renewable generation and addressing security of supply concerns associated with energy market transition.” The PADR supports ElectraNet’s hypothesis that interconnection will deliver lower overall energy prices for customers. Tilt Renewables does not disagree with the PADR’s conclusion that the project named “Riverlink” by AEMO has the greatest economic outcome of the projects compared.
    [Show full text]
  • Presentation to SEPA Energy Storage WG – April 2020
    Dalrymple ESCRI-SA Battery Energy Storage Project SEPA Energy Storage Working Group 1 April 2020 Hugo Klingenberg John Glassmire Manager Network Development Senior Advisor ElectraNet ABB Power Grids Grid Edge Solutions Outline ▪ South Australian power system overview ▪ Dalrymple ESCRI-SA Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) ▪ Overview & business case ▪ Technical details of the ABB solution at Dalrymple ▪ Operational experience ▪ Replicating the success of the Dalrymple BESS 2 Where is South Australia? … and who is ElectraNet? Power System Overview & Context South Australia (SA) is at the forefront of energy transformation ▪ Abundant high quality renewable energy resources with leading wind and solar penetration levels compared to demand ▪ Last coal fired power station closed 2016 South Australia ▪ Reliance on gas generation and impact of higher gas prices ~ 800 ▪ SA system black and load shedding events have led to heightened miles concerns about power system security ▪ Emerging concern of distributed solar PV ‘shake-off’ for nearby generator unit faults ▪ ElectraNet is the Transmission Network Service Provider in SA ▪ Sparsely populated State – 1.7M people with 1.3M in Adelaide ▪ 3,100 MW maximum demand NEM – National Electricity Market ▪ 5,600 km of transmission lines & 96 substations and switchyards AEMO – Australian Energy Market Operator 4 PUBLIC Distribution: Public Changing Generation Mix Grid connected intermittent generation capacity relative to demand (MW) South Australia faces the prospect of zero (or even negative) grid demand at times Maximum demand ‘Committed’ 3,100 MW wind/ solar 2,750 MW ▪ The challenges seen in SA in relation to minimum levels of synchronous generation are a first in any Existing wind/ solar large scale power system in the world… 2,400 MW Average demand ▪ Current wind/ solar generation capacity is… 1,400 MW □ About 170% of average demand □ > 500% of minimum demand Minimum demand 458 MW1 1.
    [Show full text]
  • ESCRI-SA PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT the Journey to Financial Close
    ESCRI-SA PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT The Journey to Financial Close May 2018 ESCRI-SA PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT May 2018 Copyright and Disclaimer The purpose of this document is to provide a project summary of the ESCRI-SA Battery Energy Storage Project. ElectraNet makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for particular purposes of the information contained within this document. ElectraNet and its employees, agents and consultants shall have no liability (including liability to any person by reason of negligence or negligent misstatement) for any statements, opinions, information or matter expressed or implied arising out of, contained in, or derived from, or for any omissions from, the information in this document, except in so far as liability under any statute cannot be excluded. Copyright in this material is owned by or licensed to ElectraNet. Permission to publish, modify, commercialise or alter this material must be sought directly from ElectraNet. Reasonable endeavours have been used to ensure that the information contained in this Report is accurate at the time of writing. However, ElectraNet gives no warranty and accepts no liability for any loss or damage incurred in reliance on this information. This activity received funding from ARENA as part of ARENA’s Advancing Renewables Programme. Security Classification: Public Version 1 Distribution: Public Page 2 of 50 Date: May 2018 ESCRI-SA PROJECT SUMMARY REPORT May 2018 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]