M. WcRae, ... pederal, Alta.

OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA THE ALBERTA WHEAT POOL AND OTHER PROVINCIAL MARKETING POOLS

Vol. VIII. CALGARY, ALBERTA, APRIL 1st, 1929 No. 11. m

Board of the Alberta Livestock Pool

Standing, left to r/gA/—Frank Marple. Spirit River; Donald MacLeod, Lake Isle; A. B. Haarstad,

Bentley. Second Vice-President; J. E, Evenson, Taber.

Seated, left to right—Fred McDonald. Mirror; A. B. Claypool, Swalwell. President; H. N. Stearns. Innisfree, First Vice-President. 2 rsw) THE U. F. A. April iBt, lyz^i

Ct

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8DBSCBIPTIONS T?WB> ADVERTISING One Year $2.00 Commercial Display 35o per agate line SinXle Copies 10 cents ($4.90 per inch) (ratea on application) Make remittances by money order or postal Livestock Display Classified 5c per word prepaid note. We cannot accept responsibility for cur- Pablishfld on th« Ist jmd 16th of each month by rency forwarded through the mail. No discount for time or space THE UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA New copy must reach us 8 days in advance Change of Address—When ordering a change Lougheed Building address, the former as well as the present of publication to insure insertion. of CALGARY • ALBERTA address should be given; otherwise the altera- taken for liquor, OflBcial Organ of No advertisements patent tion cannot be made. THE ALBERTA WHEAT POOL medicine, or speculative investment schemes. CIBCnLATION THE ALBERTA LIVESTOCK POOL None other than reliable advertisements will be THE ALBERTA DAIRT POOL knowingly accepted. Readers will confer a favor Average net paid circulation, six months THE ALBERTA EGG AND POULTRY POOL by advising us promptly of unsatisfactory dealings ending March 15th, 1929 51,486 THE ALBERTA CO-OPERATIVE WHOLESALE with advertisers.

MANAaEMENT COMMITTEE Editor ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT H. E. G. H. SCHOLEFIELD, J. JESSE STBANO W. NORMAN SMITH W. C. KERR, A. M. TURNER

Vol. VIII. CALGARY, ALBERTA, APRIL Ist, 1929 No. 11.

Principal Contents Page with them, the Government may go a long way to meet Editorial 3 the Western farmers' demands, and that before the next News of the Organization 4 grain crop moves most if not all of the personnel of the Plans fob Forthcoming University Week 5 Control of Water Power Passes to Province 8 present Grain Commission will no longer be members Member Alberta Cabinet to be Given Control Hydro 9 of that body, but that a new and enlarged board, con- News from Alberta Wheat Pool Head Office 10 stituted more closely in accordance with the wishes and Piracy in the Wheat Pool? 10 needs of the producers, will have been set up. Cereal Chemistry in New Zealand 10 Grain Exchange Puts Monte Cah^o in Shade 11 4< * * Alberta Teachers' Alliance and New School Act ... 15 HOW IT IS DONE Reflections After Prorogation 16 The Winnipeg Power Company, whose contributions to Natural Resources Issue Unites All Groups 17 party campaign funds have recently been under investigation, Resolution Proposing Tariff Reprisals 21 sought to influence legislation by ways that were dark. Interests of the United Farm Women 24 Canada's Natural Assets 24 The procedure, reports the Winnipeg Tribune in a summary U.F.A. Junior Activities 28 of the evidence of A. W. McLimont, former president of the University Week and the Junior Conference 28 company, was as follows: "From time to time sums of money Legislature Against Advertising by Dentists 30 would be taken from advertising, operating and various other News from Alberta Dairy Pool Head Office 32 accounts on the company's books, and placed in cash, where To the Cream Producers of Alberta 32 it would be available to the president alone. As occasion News from Head Office Alberta Livestock Pool. ... 36 demanded the president would secure this money, or part Pool Field Organization Work 36 of it, without voucher or any record, and give it out in cash, Several New Features in Motor Vehicle Act 39 without receipt. No records would appear in any of the Former company's accounts to show the size of this fund or the dis- Deputy Minister's Report on Power Field . . 40 Amendments to Old Age Pensions Act 42 position made of it. The treasurer or comptroller might know Amendments to Small Debts Act 42 from time to time how much to charge against the advertising, Correspondence 42 operating or other accounts. But by tnis time, as Mr. Mc- Limont naively states, such transactions in 1927 'had been allowed to pass out of the minds of the officials'." In this confession the Tribune finds "strong presumptive EDITORIAL evidence that the company was in politics on a large scale." * • * THE FIGHT FOR THE RECONSTITUTION OF THE The Manitoba revelations resemble at some points the CANADA GRAIN COMMISSION revelations last year before the Federal Trade Commission at Washington, which investigated the methods of the United Every reader of The U.F.A. who is interested in the States power trust. The lesson for Albertans, who have the fight now being carried for on the reconstitution of the choice between public ownership of electrical power utilities Board of Grain Commissioners and the more satisfactory and ownership by private corporations, is fairly obvious. administration of the Canada Grain Act, will find it * * * worth while to obtain copies of "Hansard" for March ELECTRICAL POWER—A PREDICTION 19th, 20th and 21st, which are almost entirely devoted "Within ten years the electrical power systems of Alberta. to these matters. Copies may be obtained from the British Columbia and Saskatchewan will be inter-connectea Editor of Debates, House of Commons, Ottawa, price and the principal centres will be served with a dependable five cents per copy. supply of power from hydro and steam sources," is the pre- diction of the superintendent of a British Columbia power As the problems of Western grain growers have been company. The Alberta link, at least, should be freed from very prominently before the House of Commons in the power trust domination. The only way to insure such free- debates since the beginning of the present session, dom is to develop the utility as a public owned and operated and are likely undertaking. to be fui-ther discussed after the Easter * * * recess, we would, however, again suggest, that farmers The use of electricity on the farm is as yet in its infancy. who are concerned in the solution of these problems But it is extending rapidly in many places, particularly On- should, if possible, subscribe for the full sessional reports, tario. Whether the farms of Alberta shall in due course reap the advantages of electrical power will depend upon the which can be obtained for $3 from the Editor of Debates. foresight of those who are in a position to make decisions. A brief article, deahng with some features of the debate Foresight is at least as necessary on the part of public auth- of March 19th, 20th and 21st will be found on page 7 orities as of those in charge of private enterprises. of this issue. * • • There seem to be good grounds for the hope that as Donald Cameron, Jr., who was first President of the Junior the result of the persistent struggle carried on by the U.F.A., and served in that office with much ability for four years, has been U.F.A. members from Alberta and by the farmer mem- elected president of the Students' Council of the University of Alberta for the current year. Mr. Cam- bers of the independent Progressive group associated eron is to be congratulated upon the honor conferred upon (Continued on page 7) — —

4 (340) THE U. F. A. April iBt, 192V NEWS OF THE ORGANIZATION Activities of U.F.A. Locals and District Associations and Information from Central OfiUce —Notes on Co-operation

VIMY ORGANIZED president and Mrs. Clark Reid secretary. ELECT U.F.W.A. DIRECTOR Vimy U.F.A. Local was roorRanized A benefit dance is being held by this Mrs. H. C. McDaniel, of Whilla. was recently with 17 paid-up mrmbers. T. Local for a member who met with a very elected U.F.W.A. Director of Medicine St. Arnaud was elect eu president and severe accident recently; another dance Hat constituency, at a meeting held on will J. G. Dussault secretary. be held later to raise funds for mem- March 20th in Medicine Hat to discuss bership fees. organization work and to elect a succes- CHAMPLAIN ORGANIZED sor to Mrs. W. Bilker, who is now living NAMAKA WHIST PARTY in Edmonton. Mrs. Baker was elected Albert Didier, who was in change of the "A whist party, given by the Namaka Director pro tem at the recent Annual organization meeting of Champlain U.F. U.F.A. and U.F.W.A. was held Friday Convention and was present at the A. Local, in the Foisy district, was elected evening at the home of Mr. and Mrs. meeting, giving a talk on the sessions of its first secretary. P. A. Coutu is the L. F. Pinkerton. The weather and roads the Legislature she had witnessed from president. were good, and a large crowd turned out. the \'isitors' Gallery. Keen regret was The electric lights in the house and expressed that Mrs. Baker was leaving WEST PADDLE ORGANIZED verandah, made quite a showing in the the constituency, after havine served n. Critchlow, U.F.A. Director for dark. The room and tables were prettily as Director since January, 1925. Peace River organized West Paddle Local decorate

April Ist, 1929 THE U. F. A. (341) 5

AT CLARESHOLM U.F.A. James O'Neil, Master Fred Evans; Our for 1928 was made at the rate of 20 per Mr. Haslam, K.C., gave an interesting Returned Men: J. H. Davison, Bob Lyall; cent of the note, and resulted in assess- address at a recent meeting of Claresholm The Ladies: S. H. Ganderi, Mrs. C. A. ments amounting to $436,352.65 being U.F.A. Local, according to the Claresholm O'Neil; The Pools: Dave Francis, J. H. received. Cash premiums amounting to Local Press. lie explained the succession Davison. Songs were sung by Master $170,452.34 were received. Policies writ- tax, urged the desiraMlity of every person Gene O'Neil, Miss Lila Nowlin. T. R. ten on the cash plan now amount to 22i making a will, advised farmers to keep Evans. Mr. and Miss Coutts put on a per cent of the total business. Losses of a record of worlc done, livestock purchased, dialogue." Claresholm Local Press. a little more than $320,000 were paid. agreements made, etc., and also touched These losses occurred in two clearly de- fined periods, stated a report eiven at upon educational problems. Mr. Robin- MUTUAL MAKES BIG GAINS son, an instructor in the Agricultural the meeting, the first during May and School, stressed the point that in select- A gain of almost $18,000,000 in volume due to carelessly started fires in the ing seed wheat, care should be taken that of business was reported at the 33rd time of the spring clean-up, and the to the variety is suitable to the soil, climate, annual meeting of the Wawanesa Mutual second during harvest, due poorly and country in which it is to be grown. Insurance Company, held in February. guarded stubble fires, particularly follow- He also urged the use of pure seed, de- The total insurance in force is now over ing the use of the combine. The presi- scribed glume blotch, a disease that has $152,000,000. The cash assets were in- dent, S. H. Henderson, was one of the done some damage in the district, and creased by almost $200,000, bringing the original directors and has attended each dealt with varieties suitable for the total to $2,677,792.45. The annual levy of the 33 annual meetings. Claresholm district. Mr. Salmon pre- sided.

PEOPOSE OIL CO-OPERATIVE Plans for the Forthcoming University "It will be interesting to the farmers of the surrounding district who are users for Farm Young People of large quantities of oil for farm opera- Week tions, to know that a well attended fthough poorly advertised) meeting was To U.F.A., U.F.W.A. and Junior Locals: held in the Board of Trade rooms on Preparations are being made by the Department of the Extension of the Thursday, 14th inst., for the purpose of considering the advi.

6 f342} THE U. F. A. April lat,

ing witticisms and quips were bandied back and forth. Mrs. H. M. Becker, of Lethbridge, gave a series of readings in A CONCERT AT COLUNGWOOD the lighter vein, and kept the jolly crowd in spasms of laughter. 'Massa' Tom By RUTH DICKINSON Hunt and 'Massa' W. Allen gave a colored sketch harking back to war days, which was greatly enjoyed. D. H. Elton, K.C., "Let's have a concert." At no time was there of Lethbridge, spoke for a short time on The suggestion, coming as it did from any pretense of great talent. The musical the benefits and advantages of organi- a stay-at-home member, a radio enthus- fraternity, who had sung these songs time zation. Following a violin solo by W. iast for years, staggered the Collingwood and again in each other's homes, were Allen, the tables were quickly removed and Local at a recent meeting. Members looked now including the community in the fun. 'On with the dance' was the order of the at one another in amazement, and the That was all. it was day." dauntless few, who had organized dances And evidently enough. and paid for the major part of the re- But there was more to follow. Mr. Duncan Peters HOPES OF REORGANIZING cently acquired pinao, greeted the remark proudly announced a one- with the silence it deserved. Talking act comedy entitled "A Mother's In- "H. Critchlow, of Barrhead, Director fluence." was easy —it was work that counted at (Mrs. Peters acted the maid of U.F.A. for Peace River South, visited in it.) The curtains [larties and dances —grinding fiard work were pulled back this district on March 4th and gave a that the stay-at-homes knew nothing again and for forty-five minutes the very good address on organization work about audience, except for occasional ripples of School and explained the proposed new At last some one managed to say, laughter, was intensely silent as the little Act; we have great hopes of reorganizing perhaps not without sarcasm, A Concert!" comedy of modern life unfolded before the here account of his visit," Local on "Why not?" calmly answered the first them. The plot was simple. Middle- Haltonford, a states A. Williams, of speaker. "A dance doesn't appeal to aged parents, by no means twin souls, large, in a recent letter. member at some of us. But a concert and a play— each engrossed in his or her own interests, are blessed That started it all. Surprise gave way with an ultra-modern daughter WIDE AWAKE AT CEREAL to discussion. Discussion led to enthu- and a spineless over-pampered son. When "Resolved that the farmers should siasm. Enthusiasm engendered action the play opens the young folk, both in- own and control their own financial in- and the recent Collingwood concert was volved in callow love affairs, are head- stitutions and all transactions be for the result. strong and impatient of parental control, cash," was the subject of a debate held Shortly after eight p.m. on the night but toward the end they see the error of their ways all endfs recently by Cereal U.F.A. Local, when arranged, the 8< hool house was comfort- and well with the the affirmative speakers won. "The ably filled with prairie folk, but toward exaltation of the tiresome, out-of-date, farmers here are a mighty wide awake nine o'clock there was only standing room stodgy mother. bunch and they are U.F.A. 100 per cent," left and old, young, middle-aged, babies A play with good characterization, and states Geroge A. McDonpld, Secretary. in arms and toddlin^g tots squeezed into Miss Gladys Humber made a vivacious This Local handled 10 cars of coal and the school desks or crowded closer to- flapper whose insolence was even charm- 2 cars of lumber last j'ear. gether on the benches that lined the walls ing. Right royally she scolded her kid to make room for the continual stream brother, who was well interpreted by LOVERNA WHEAT POOL LOCAL of newcomers. Emerson Bigelow Jr. But the finest acting The Loverna Wheat Pool Local held "Gee what a crowd!" w-hispered one came when the father, a tired busi- ness man, bald-headed and fat, reclining their annual meeting on Saturday, March of the performers as she peeped through in a chair, his feet stretched out an- the 9th. Officers were elected to make a the curtains that hid the stage. "I feel on other, a cigar in his mouth, a joint Local. President, Lorne Dow; sec- wabbly at the knees already." newspaper held as a rampart in front of him (played retary, Lewis Force. Committee— Al- "And what about supper?" said the by Mr. Humber) and his complaining berta: Walter N. Vivian, R. J. Bramwell, practical matron behind her. "Look at Gordon Parker; Saskatchewan: Joe the rows and rows of kids. The sand- wife, who hadn't a thought beyond a vacuum cleaner and her Arthurs, C. Y. Trowbridge, William wiches and cakes won't go round." mending basket Crealistically portrayed by Mrs. Emerson Howitt. Business matters, relating in "Why worry?" said the chairman, mop- Bigelow) talked at each other to particular to local shipping, were dis- ping his moist brow for the third time. no purpose. cussed. W. Shaw, delegate for this "Twenty to nine. Ready!" Then, one spectator at least, forgot the district, spoke at some length on interest- It was a command. Everyone van- meagre stage, the faded turkey-red chintz ing topics, relating to the Pool. ished —some to the improvised "green curtains, the gas lantern shaded with L. FORCE, Secretary. room", others to line the nearest wall as a cookie pan, and for o spectators and the concert opened quietly a minute or two with "O Canada", but the audience glimpsed real life. Toward the end of the program H. H. - warmed up as Mr. J. McCaw, a recently Readers and Advertisers did imported Scot, appeared in kilts and Dickinson conjuring tricks and some folk are still wondering how the bird cage assist materially in ex- impersonated Harry Lauder. As he fin- Readers can found its way to the back of Mr. Hunter's ished singing one and all yelled their tending the service which the official coat, until repeated encores. and where the white silk handker- organ of the movement provides, b}- enthusiasm he gave After that the going was easy. Reci- chiefs disappeared to. patronizing the advertisers in this per- A supper amid happy laughter and iodical who are in a position to meet tations and songs followed one after " much talk, then a dance till three a.m. their needs, and notifying every advertiser another and were well received. Blaydon Races," "A Farmer's Boy," and "The with H. H. Dicksinson at the violin, ably to whom they write that they have seen accompanied by Mrs. Hunter, brought a his in Keys of Heaven," illustrate the simpUcity advertisement The U.F.A. As a delightfully informal gathering to a close. guide in placing future advertising, every of the material used throughout that made concern likes to be in a position to check the concert such a success. o up the various sources from which busi- ness is obtained. Unless the answers re- British Co-ops to Have Weekly ceived indicate in what paper an adver- LACOMBE CONVENTION tisement was seen, this checking is fre- JUNE 6th Paper quently difficult. Every time you answer The English co-operative movement an advertisement, please state that you The Annual Convention of the which controls yearly sales valued at "saw it in The U.F.A." Lacombe Provincial Constituency $376,000,000 and which has a Another means by which readers can Association will be held in Lacombe membership of two and a half millions, has decided to assist both the paper and themselves, is on 6th June next, commencing at purchase Reynolds Weekly Illustrated by using the Classified Section of The 1 p.m. News to form a weekly organ for their U.F.A. for small advertisements. Through There will also be a meeting at movement, states the Southam Cable this section they can mutually help one 8 p.m. open to the public, at which Service. The paper is at present owned another to effect necessary exchange of the Hon. Mrs. Parlby and the Hon. by a publishing company controlled by livestock, seed grain, poultry, etc. and J. E. Brownlee will speak. Lord Dalziel and is distinctly favorable to at the same time lend support to their Will officers of U.F.A. and U.F. Labor in tone. The intention the own paper. W.A. Locals in the Lacombe Con- of co- operatives, who have now several mem- o stituency see that delegates are appointed to attend this Conven- bers in parliament indistinguishable from At the end of 1928 savings deposits in tion? Laborites, is ultimately to establish a the banks of Canada amounted to C. WOLFERSTAN, daily paper in support of co-operation io 11,620.000,000, an increase of $76,800,000 Secretary. Britain. in the twelve months. Negotiations for purchase are reported —

April let, 1929 THE U. F. A. (343) 7

to be almost finished and the price of the newspaper which has a capital of half a Hold Up Budget Debate to Deal million dollars is given as three-quarters of a million dollars. Reynolds has been With Western Farmers* Grievances in the market for some time, but the di- refused a high offer for it because rectors Battle for Protection of Grain Growers' Interests Carried on on Eve of Easter Adjourn- purchasers were not con- the would-be ment by Small, Determined Group of Farmer Representatives with the Labor movement. nected Government Now Shows Disposition to Meet Demands re Grain Commission More Than Half Way

Woes of a Secretary In spite of determined efforts made by the Ottawa Government to post- pone discussion of the complaints against the administration of the Grain Act

If a secretary writes a letter, it is too long. by the present Board of Grain Commissioners until after the vote on the If he sends a postal, it's too short. Budget, which would have meant postponement until after Easter recess, If he issues a bulletin, he's a spendthrift. a group of U.F.A. and independent Progressive members from other Provinces If he attends a committee meeting, he's working in close co-operation, in bringing the Western farmers' butting in. succeeded If he stays away, he's a shirker. grievances in connection with this matter to the attention of Parhament in a If he offers suggestions, he's a know-it-all. very effective way on March 19th, 20th and 21st. The Hansard record for he's a dead one. If he says nothing, these days shows that almost two whole sessions of the House and a consider- If the attendance at the meeting is slim, he should have called the members up. able part of another, were taken up by the debate, and that the case of the If he does call them up, he's a pest. Western grain growers, particularly of the members of the Wheat Pools, was If he duns a member for his dues, he is ably and forcefully presented. We believe there is now good reason to hope insulting. that the demands of the Western farmers will be wholly or largely met, as If he does not, he is lazy. the Government is reported to be showing a disposition to meet the Farmer If the meeting is a howling success, the program committee is praised: representatives more than half way. If it is a failure, the secretary is to blame. Members Seize Opportunity the issue in a most effective way to the If he asks for advice, he is incompetent; notice of the House in regular session. If he does not, he is bull-headed. As a result of the collapse of the de- bate on the address early the session, " Ashes to ashes. m Premier's Seeks Postponement Dust to dust. it had appeared for a time that many of the At the opening of the sitting on March If others won't do it, members who were anxious to voice the 20th, Premier King asked that the debate The Secretary must." Western farmers' demands for the dis- HAROLD JACKSON missal of the present Grain Commission upon motion to concur in a report from and the setting up of a new Commission the Committee on Agriculture be post- Minburn, Alta. of five with direct representation of Al- poned until the budget debate had been concluded. Robert Gardiner, M.P., there- o berta and Saskatchewan by commissioners resident in these Provinces, would be de- upon expressed the opinion that it would GRAIN BOARD IS UNDER FIRE prived of the opportunity on the floor of be improper to curb debate on the subject, which he said "as affecting Western (Calgary Herald, March 28th) the House. The Minister of Trade and Can- Commerce, together with the rest of the ada, and as I believe. Eastern Canada, The marketing of Western grain is Liberals and the Liberal Progressives, also, is one of the most important that coming in for a thorough ventilation in showed a disposition quietly to divert will come before the House this session." the House of Commons this session. While the discussion on this issue into the He added, "I know of no other question the mixing of wheat at terminal points is Agricultural Committee, where discus- that has stirred the farmers and producers the chief bone of contention, the Board sion does not arouse nearly so much in Western Canada to such an extent as of Grain Commissioners is a target for interest as in the House itself. In order has the administration of the Canada severe criticism, and U.F.A. members are to introduce the subject in Committee, Grain Act." pressing for a radical recorganization of however, it was necessary for the chair- In the course of the debate E. J. the board. man to ask Parliament for permission to Garland, M.P., whose powerful speech A typical expression of the prevailing widen the Committee's powers, and it at the U.F.A. Convention on the resolu- dissatisfaction was voiced by Mr. E. J. was in a debate upon this motion that tion calling for the dismissal of the present Garland, member for Bow River. He the Farmer members found their oppor- Grain Commissioners was one of the declared that as far as the producers are tunity to bring the matter before the notable features of Convention week, concerned the board has failed to function House of Commons in regular session. made a vigorous attack upon the Com- satisfactorily and has lost their confidence. The spectacle was then witnessed of mission in the House, dealing with the Lack of direct contact between the grower a small group, utterly ignoring the prac- serious shortcomings of the Commission and the Commissioners is a major griev- tice of the past, breaking up for the point by point, and citing many cases ance. Mr. Garland in pressing for Alberta time being the budget debate, and of negligence to protect the interests of and Saskatchewan representation on a sidetracking it, in order that they the producers out of whose pockets the reorganized board said it was not fair to might engage in a battle for the in- Commission is paid. Mr. Coote and have a board doing its principal work in terests of the producers of grain. Such Mr. Lucas spoke on the following day, Fort Williqm or Winnipeg and never com- an occurrence, far are aware, very effectively dealing with the grounds ing into personal touch with the growers. as as we is without precedent in the history of complaint against the Commission. During the past year, he said, when of the Canadian Parliament, is We have mentioned chiefly the Alberta as never before at almost every point and eloquent of the aggressiveness of the members, as their action is of chief in Western Canada disturbances in con- group of concern to Alberta farmers, but the Pro- nection with the Grain Act had arisen independent members whom the gressives from other Provinces took a and farmers were protesting against organized farmers have sent to Ottawa to represent It also prominent part in the debate. alleged injustices at country elevators them. reveals in striking fron the organized grain trade, and at a most manner o the effectiveness of small, terminal elevators there was not a single a determined group, investigation undertaken by the Gram which is free from party affilia- EDITORIAL tions, and thus free to ignore all Board until more than 80 per cent, of other (Continued from page 3) considerations legitimate the grain crop had been moved. than the in- him by his fellow students. Under his of terests those who have elected them. presidency student affairs will be in The Hansard reports of the debate capable hands. We have no doubt that A regular aeroplane service has been have come to hand too late for extensive the training he received in Junior U.F.A. established between Edmonton, the capital quotation in this issue. The debate work will prove of great value in this new of Alberta, and Grande Prairie, in the concluded with the adoption of an position of responsibility. Peace River Country. amendment by George Coote, M. P., * * * to a resolution to adopt a report of the With the close of the session of the Committee on Agriculture. The amend- Legislature the special weekly issues While every Province in Canada last ment enlarged the powers of the Com- will now be discontinued. As announced year registered an increase in the sheep mittee, to enable it to inquire into the two months ago, the policy of The U.F.A population, the gain in British Columbia whole administration of the Canada has been to concentrate all advertising from the standpoint of percentage led all Grain Act. But before this motion was in the regular issues published at the others. The British Columbia increasn carried, the members, as stated, took beginning and middle of each month, amounted to over .30 per cent. advantage of thp opportunity to brine on the dates of our reKular issues. —

8 (344) THE U. F. A. April I at, 1920

Control of Water Power Passes to Prairie Provinces Legislation Will Give Alberta Control of Great Natural Resources By ROBERT GARDINER, M.P. — Responsibilty Lies With U.F.A. to See That Benefits of Inheri- tance Are Retained for People —^Features of the Budget. Chairman, U.F.A. Federal Group

It is claimed by members of long ex- Mr. Stevens' sub-amendment was adopted The Finance Minister gives a statement perience in the Commons that this is the and reads in the amended form as follows: of the condition of the people's business quietest and most uninteresting session That in the opinion of this House, that is wholly under the control of the within their memory. Nevert helcss some- no further disposition of the water Federal Parliament. As the financial thing of real value to the Prairie Prov- powers under the control of the Federal year ends on March the 31st, most of inces has been accomplished. A debate, Government, in the Provinces of Mani- the figures are merely estimates, but from lasting for six days —as acrimonious and toba, Saskatchewan and Alberta, shall past experience we can expect that there heated as I have ever listened to, arose be made under the Dominion Water will be only slight differences between the out of a private member's resolution. Powers Act, but the said water powers estimated and the final figures. It was placed on the order paper by Mr. shall be administered by the respective The estimatcti ordinary and special Woodeworth, M.P. (Winnipeg IS'orth Cen- Provinces, under powers to be granted revenues for the fiscal year are 1454,942,- ter) and is as follows: by this Parliament similar to the powers 000 —an increase over the previous year "That in the opinion of this House, granted to the Province of British Col- of 25 million. It is estimated that no disposition of the natural resources, umbia to administer the water powers Customs will he $185,000,000, an in- under the control of the Federal Gov- in the Railway Belt as set forth in the crease of $28,000,000. ernment, shall be effective until rati- "Railway Belt Water Act" and being Excise Duties $63,400,000, an increase Chapter 211 of the Statutes of of $6,000,000. fied by Parliament." Revised Canada, 1927. Income Tax $58,500,000, an increase of Had the resolution passed without an The natural resources in the railway $1,900,000. amendment, it would have meant that no belt in British Columbia are controlled by Int. on Investments, $11,600,000, an lease for grazing, mining, timber limits, the Federal Government, but some years increase of $660,000. pulpwood or water power would be grant- ago it was deemed advisable to transfer Revenues from other sources, $16,- ed until frst ratifed bj' Parliament. Mr. the administration of water powers within 350.000, an increase of $810,000. Woodsworth placed the resolution on this area to the Province of British Col- The following taxes show estimated the order paper because of the granting umbia. It is clearly the wish of the decreases: of a thirty year lease to a private com- Commons that the Prairie Provinces be Excise, Stamp and Sales Tax, $81,- pany, permitting them to aovelop elec- placed on an equalitv with British Colum- 500,000, a decrease of $8,700,000. trical energy at the Seven Sisters Falls, bia in so far as the administration of Delayed business profits tax, $450,000, situated on the Winnipeg river. The a decrease of $.500,000. water powers is concerned. We expect of Winnipeg enjoy the privilege of Ceople legislation to be introduced in the House Post Office, $31,000,000, a decrease of uying electricity at one of the lowest during this session to implement the ex- $560,000. rates on the North American continent pressed wish of Parliament. Miscellaneous services, $2,200,000, a because they own and operate a Hydro decrease of $370,000. Electric power riant. The Winnipeg Responsibility of U.F.A. It will be noted that the greatest in- Electric Railway Company have also de- crease in is It is important that as a Province we revenue from customs duties; veloped a power plant in connection with secure administrative control of water a tax levied upon consumption. their street railway system, and surplus powers within our boundaries, but it is Ordinary expenditures for the fiscal gower is sold in competition with the of eoual importance that we formulate a year ending March 3 1st are estimated at [ydro Electric. policy that will retain for the people all $355,200,000, induding $2,992,000 to The Manitoba Controversy the benefils that can be derived from mir meet the reduction of 20 per cent on irihcrHance. The present Provincial Gov- Maritime freieht, $4,303,000 to meet Electric A subsidiary of the Winnipeg ernment is in existence because of the deficits on the Canadian National Railway Railway was formed and it made aprlica- decision of the United Farmers of Alberta eastern lines and $1,600,000 special sub- tion for a lease of the power site at Seven organiz-ation to secure direct farmer repre- sidy to Maritime Provinces. Including Sisters Falls. Those who favor the pub- sentation in the Federal Parliament and ordinary, capital and special expenditures lic ownership and control of public utili- also the Provincial Legislature. As an the total will be $385,160,000, an increase ties immediately commenced a campaign, organization we are responsible for every of $22,332,000. having for its purpose the retaining of proposal of the present Provincial ad- this site for the future use of the Winnipeg Canada's Net Debt ministration. In a few years it may be Hj'dro Electric. So acute was the divi- expected that there will be an urgent The estimated surplus will therefore be sion of opinion between those who favored demand from the farmers for electricity $69,782,000, which will be used for the public as against those who supported for lighting and power purposes. The reduction of the national debt. The net private ownership and operation, that the cost of electricity will be the important debt at the end of the present fiscal jear Federal Government, through the Mini- factor as to how far the transmission after using the surplus of revenue for re- ster of the Interior (V.on. Chas. Stewart\ lines can penetrate into the more sparsely duction will be $2,227,068,000. suggested to the Provincial Government settled parts of rural Alberta. The cost The estimated ordinary revenues for that they accept the responsibility of de- may be largely determined by the policies the coming vear are $450,000,000— Cus- ciding as to what disposition would be used in administering our water powers. tom import "duties will be $185,000,000 made of this power site. The Manitoba As an organization we are vitally con- or 41.11 per cent of the total revenue. Government fnally decided to recom- cerned as to the future policy. Permit Special war revenues are expected to be the of Interior mend to Minister the that me to suggest that it is the duty of every $142,650,000 or 31.70 per cent of the total a lease be granted to the private com- U.F.A. and U.F. W.A. Local to seriously revenues. site is pany. The power valued at from consider what is likely to be the best Estimated expenditures for the coming twenty-eight to forty million dollars; policy to follow so as to provide rural year, $385,160,000: expenditures because hence the reason for the Woodsworth Alberta with electricity at a price that is of the war are estimated at $162,911,000, resolution demanding that Parliament reasonable, taking into consideration the or 42.30 per cent of the total expenditures. final have the say as to the disposition of cost of production and distribution. War taxes fall short by over 10 per cent natural resources under the control of the of meeting war expenditures. Dominion Government. The Budget The National railways show a surplus Early in the debate it was recognized Mr. Robb delivered his Budget speech of $7,000,000 after paying all charges that if every small lease for hay, grazing on March the 1st. In the Speech from including interest charges on bonds held or permits to cut dry wood, etc., had to be the Throne it was stated that Canada by the public but not interest due the sanctioned by Parliament, the proposal was passing through an era of great pros- government. The interest due the Gov- would be unworkable. Mr. Guthrie mov- perity unprecedented in our history. ernment amounts to $32,000,000 and is ed to delete "natural resources" and Mr. Robb, being of Scotch descent and taken into the books of the company as a insert "water powers." After further de- remembering the criticism against the liability but not paid. bate H. H. Stevens, member for " Van- claim of prosperity as stated in the Speech Canada's favorable trade balance for couver Centre" moved a sub-amendment from the Throne, was more canny and the first ten months amounts to $l<'i4^- which was finally adopted by the House. said that there was a "general optimism 100,000. Whether this surplus is suffi- The original resolution as amended by prevailing throughout Canada." cient to pay our interest indebtedness, 9 April Ist, 1929 THE U. F. A. (346)

payable outside of Canada, I am unable of their position. Some substantial re- to say, as we have no authentic informa- ductions have been made in the tariff ALBERTA IS UP AGAINST tion as to our liabilities. during their term in office, such as auto- THIS TOO The estimated tax reduction for the mobiles and farm machinery, but the Toronto Globe year is $25,000,000. bulk of the necessaries of life have been The one per cent tax on insurance pre- left untouched. The private power interests, re- miums and the war tax on railway and gardless of the scene of the fight, Propose "Retaliation" steamship tickets, also the three cent tax Conservatives have the moral, and at times even financial, backing of the giant power on telegrams and cables are abolished. Much of the debate upon the Budget rings operating all over the conti- The sales tax is reduced by a third and has centered around the possible action nent. These fully appreciate the now stands at two per cent. Stocks, that may be taken at the special session worth of electrical franchises and shares and bonds, other than Dominion of the United States Congress called for power monopolies. They are pre- or Provincial, of a par value of one hundred April 15th. It is feared by many that pared fight vigorously for them. dollars or a fraction thereof, pay a tax of Congress may pass legislation increasing to advocates of public ownership three cents, four cents a share if over customs duties on agricultural products. The must be prepared to do likewise. one hundred dollars. Shares of stock over If this happens it will have the effect of twenty dollars, three cents; over three reducing the price received by the Cana- dollars but under twenty, two cents; under dian producer and may for a time seriously three dollars, one cent. The stocks or affect the production of cattle and dairy shall if then disallowed cease to have any bonds of the rich have a much lower rate of the Conservative products. Some validity. of taxation in proportion than the shares members advocate a policy of retaliation. little discussion of the bill as UBually bought by the masses. ("Raise the tariff and keep out American There was it committee after the goods!" they cry. "Let us have a red passed through Slight Customs Reductions Premier. blooded policy"). Trade barriers raise explanation of the Mr. Brown- in lee, in to a for Slight reductions were made the prices and also have the effect of lowering response request assurance customs duties on mining machinery and purchasing power. Canada and the Un- on the part of Fred White, Labor leader, fshing. engines and parts used in The ited States are not comparable. The that there would be no further leases duties on a number of other items were granted, said that there was no prospect States is well developed; we are in the of of for lease that reduced but they are not much im- process of development: cost of production applications such and portance. these matters would be properly safe- 18 one of our most vital problems. The Finance Minister in his speech guarded. N.F.P. We have suggested that if the United stated that the Liberal party is a low o their customs duties that we tariff party. The criticism that is levelled States raise against the Liberal party is that while in Canada, instead of retaliating, increase they have had ample opportunity to put the British preference, thereby transferring Government **ControV* or their policies into effect by legislation, some of the business that now goes to the they have been slow to take advantage States to Great Britain. Government Operation ? {Alberta Farmer) Discussing the electric power situation in Alberta, A. A. McGillivray, leader of the Conservative opposition in the Legis- Member of Alberta Cabinet Will Be lature, declared his opposition to the principle of public ownership. "No Given Control Over Hydro Power matter what Government was in power, it was to be anticipated there would be political interference, political favoritism Bill Passed by Provincial Assembly Will Place Great Responsibility Upon Province and tendency toward functioning at a in Administration of Natural Resource loss in places and under conditions where it would be of political advantage to do so" Of the twenty-four bills which received he said. And, he added, "every advantage third reading on Wednesday afternoon selves have enacted legislation, which will to be gained by Government operation just prior to prorogation, one of the give them powers of administration, the could be attained by strict Government briefest but one of the most important effect of the suggested legislation shall not control." Let me suggest that whatever was Number 84 "An Act Respecting become binding on anyone; and that in danger there might be of political inter- Water Powers." This act was the sequel the interval the water resources of the ference under Government operation, it to the amended resolution of J. F. Woods- three Western Provinces will be admini- could never be so damaging as is the con- worth, Labor member for Centre Winni- stered by the Federal Government in stant and persistent private interest in- peg, which was passed recently by the accordance with the wishes of the Provincial fluence and lobbying under alleged strict House of Commons at Ottawa. It is Governments." Government control. As for political inter- quoted elsewhere. ference under Government operation it has Legislation at Ottawa shown by Ontario Hydro-Electric With the completion of the legislation been that this is something that in the Dominion House implementing the Mr. Stewart goes on to say in his .letter management can be overcome and done away with. above resolution, the way will be open that he has been instructed by the Federal Since Ontario secured its Hydro-electric through the passage of the Alberta Water Government to prepare and introduce at system. Liberal, Conservative and Farmer Powers Act to complete control by this this session legislation similar to that in Governments have been in power and at Province of all water powers, with the ex- force in the Railway Belt and the Peace of these ception of navigable rivers, the control of River Block of British Columbia, but no time under any Governments there been charge of political which will remain vested in the Dominion. adaptable to conditions in the Prairie has any Hydro-electric. This means the possession on the part of Provinces. He then formally offers to interference with the So far as the so-called Government control the Province of one of its most imrortant the Province the administration of its operated utilities natural resources prior to the settlement water power resources, which, he says, of privately owned and of the general question which may be a would become effective when he was ad- is concerned, it is common history to most subject of negotiation for a year or so vised that the Province was prepared to of us that frequently the doubt arises longer. undertake the responsibility. He con- as to whether the private interests do not A letter of the Hon. Charles Stewart, cludes his letter by stating that as minister cantrol the Government instead of the Minister of the Interior, to Premier in charge he would continue to consult Government the private interests. Brownlee dated March 11th, draws atten- Premier Brownlee before issuing water o tion to the words of Premier Mackenzie power leases. King in accepting the amendment, giving IRRIGATION CROPS VALUABLE the quotation from Hansard as follows: The Alberta Bill "With the understanding that my hon- Under the Alberta Act it is provided The total value of agricultural produc- orable friend is not asking us to do more that a member of the Executive council tion on the Lethbridge Northern Irriga- than is possible without prejudicing the who may be appointed, shall have power tion Project in 1928 is placed at 81,545,- rights of the Provinces; namely, that be- to administer and manage all the water 253. While the value of livestock and fore this particular act becomes applicable and water power and the right to control dairy produce on hand and sold during in the extended way in which it is now and regulate distribution of the same. It the year increased from $887,248 in requested, before legislation is passed in also provides that all regulations pre- 1927 to $1,175,366 in 1928, the value of this Parliament to extend its provisions scribed by the Lieutenant-Governor-in- field crop production shows a consider- to the three Western Provinces, and be- Council shall be laid upon the table of the able decrease as the result of severe hail fore the three Western Provinces them- Legislative Assembly next ensuing and damage which occurred during the season. —

10 (346) THE U. F. A. April l8t, 1929

News from Alberta Wheat Pool Head Office Information for Members and Locals Issued by the Publicity Department of the Alberta Wheat Pool

gested to provide for a return of deduc- Piracy in the Wheat Pool? tions. It has not been worked out in definite detail as yet, but the principle is this: the taking of deductions for A critic of the Alberta Wheat Pool initial payment for Pool elevators, taking and elevator reserves in the course of a sweeping condemnation care of the overhead expense throughout both commercial necessity of the way in which the organization is the year, etc. If the members did not will be continued. When the for the use of these funds for elevators or being run, claimed that vicious precedents nrovide this money it would have to for capital purposes is no longer re- have been introduced by the Pool dele- be borrowed from the banks. As it is gates and directors, members' rights now, the members supply the funds and quired, the money will be used to re- have been subverted, their reserves con- receive the interest that would other- fund deductions taken in earlier years. if it is to fiscated, and the foundations upon which wise be paid to the banks. Each member For instance, decided introduce this plan three hence, the de- the law of the land is based have been who contributes to these reserves re- years undermined by "vile and dishonest ceives a credit on the books of the Wheat ductions of that year will be used to re- actions" on the part of those in whose Pool for the amount so contributed. pay the deductions taken in 1924. Then the 1933 deductions will repay the de- hands lie the destinies of the Wheat Each year a statement showing balance ductions taken in 1925. and so on. This Pool. of credit is sent to each contributor and system assures that the control of the To read the full page criticism it could once a year interest is paid at the rate Pool will remain in the hands of actual be readily imagined that a gang of of 6 per cent per annum. There is no pirates are in control of the Alberta idea of confiscation. The contributors producers and not lie with people who have quit farming. Then, too, Wheat Pool and all that is now required own the elevator system — no one else may the contributors of earlier years who to complete the dreadful picture is for has a nickle's worth of interest in it. build the Jolly Koger with its skull and cross- The contributors own the assets covered have furnished the money to returned bones to be run up the flagstaff. bv the commercial reserve, and they facilities will have their money alone own them. to them. Otherwise thev would be There's a Reason placed in an unfair position as com- Reserve Payment fiared to those who come later when the If readers of the speech referred to The question naturally arises when acilities had been bought and paid for. will consider what the Wheat Pool and how will the money collected for is or secrecy about sought to attain in the special bill, it There no mystery reserves be paid back to the contributors? reserves. is true that they are will be readily seen that there was a the It In this connection it might be mentioned sound foundation for each of the various not handled on the basis of the usual that the funds are not in liquid form where divi- clauses. Take the matter of mixing, commercial organizations, they are in elevators, etc. Furthermore, importance, for instance. The head critic of the dends are of paramount the elevator policy will have to be ex- but that was never the intention. Cer- Pool bill apparently wanted to deny panded for some years yet to come. It is the Pool the right to mi.\ any wheat tainly there has been no "confiscation" not possible to have both elevators and as has been so blatantly stated by the delivered to it. Last crop year there cash. However, a plan has been sug- were over 325 grades of wheat delivered enemies of the Wheat Pool. to the Pool. Without the right to mix each grade would have to be binned separately, shipped separately in raihyay cars and on vessels to its destination overseas. In fact, complete prohibition Cereal Chemistry in New Zealand of mixing would hinder the Wheat Pool in H. E. WEST '26 its operations. Pool opponents know Alberta wheat producers will is bushels, this but, like Shylock, their spokesman be for the last six years 31 and interested to read the following article the 1927-28 crop averaged 36 bushels. is adamant, "it is not named in the bond," he says. which deals with wheat production Unfortunately, the quality from the in New Zealand. It was written the finished loaf is Some of the powers and privileges by view-point of much standards. Largely asked for are contrary to the sacred H. E. West, a young graduate of inferior to Canadian also to supplement tradition of British law, we are informed. Manitoba Agricultural College. Mr. due to this, though in lean years, about 15 milHon 'The difficulty as far as the Pool is con- West gives a lucid account of the wheat the crop bushels of wheat or its equivalent in cerned lies in the fact that producers' growing industry in that country. flour is imported per annum from Aus- co-operatives were not considered when To step up from a subordinate position tralia and Canada. The causes of in- the laws of the land w ere drawn up and to that of the highest post in cereal feriority are due to environmental and amended from time to time. These chemistry in New Zealand has been my varietal differences. There are four producer co-operatives are of recent happy lot. The mere fact that from the main groups of wheat grown —Velvet, origin and require new legislation for many applicants a graduate of the Pearl, Hunter's and Tuscan. Tuscan, their protection and development. Manitoba Agricultural College was chosen while the poorest in baking quality, con- reflects well upon the status of Chemistrj' Confiscated Reserves stitutes over 80 per cent of the crop, be- and Field Hu8bandr3\ It sound more cause it gives the largest yield, as hierh insinuation that the Pool has like a pipe-dream or a story after a mid- The as 70 bushels per acre, and because it confiscated the reserve monies con- night feed. But, what would you say if is a non-shattering wheat. This latter tributed by members is hardly worthy I told you that I have the morning paper factor is highly important, as the Canter- repudiation. total of $5,402,962.00 and tea before rising; that I busily of A am bury Plains upon which practically all has been contributed by Pool members engaged turning the rough edges of my the wheat is produced, are swept by being for "r's", softening the "g's" for reserves, $3,653,434.87 and broadening strong winds during the season of harvest. elevator reserves and $1,749,527.13 for the "a's"; and that I am actually groaning Thus an easily shattering wheat is useless. commercial reserve. The elevator re- under the weight of the very oest oT serve is for the purpose its name indicates hospitality? However, these are details No Grading System building or buying elevators. The as my duties are to organize and super- — There is no grading 83'stem in New Pool has now around vise a research laboratory in cereal Alberta Wheat Zealand. The wheat is bought on "fair 320 elevators in the Province which are chemistry. average quality" and shipped in 200 new Van- absolutely free of debt. The New Zealand, compared with Canada, pound bags. The recently formed Wheat couver terminal has not been completely produces very little wheat. The estimat- Pool intends to put the ma ket in a it will be in the paid for as yet, but ed yield for the coming harvest, which more orderly state and to work out a course of a few years. is now in the early milk stage, is in the suitable grading system. Since there The commercial reserve is used as neighborhood of nine millions. This is no grading on a quality basis there is liquid capital, to conduct Pool business. is a mere drop in contrast to your 500 little difference in prices paid for the Business cannot be transacted without millions. But while the total is low the various wheat groups. The difference, capital and this commercial reserve yield per acre is the third highest in the at best, is not sufficient to induce the supplies the funds for carrying on Pool world, being surpassed only be that of farmers to grow any quantities of the activities, including financing of the Belgium and Great Britain. The average higiier quality wheats in preference to —

April 1st, 1929 THE U. F. A. (347) 11

Tuscan. In fact the only reason why staling of bread, for New Zealanders de- the grain and cotton exchanges, and purely whent is grown is because, in the words mand the fresh article, the quality factor speculative trading in futures could be of the economist, Allan G. B. Fither: for this country would be solved. prohibited by law without interfering in "New Zealand is not a little suspicious Briefly then, the routine work of my any way in legitimate hedging sales. of the people who" live in the 'outside laboratory will be to determine the bak- An investigation by the Department of world' and is not anxious to strengthen ing strength of all the grown varieties Agriculture in the 1925 trading of futures the bonds of mutual dependencf." That and such new varieties as are giving on the Chicago Board of Trade at a time is to say, the farmer could make as much promising field results; to prepare a when the market was subject to wild money out of his Canterbury fat lambs protein map each year as an aid to the fluctuations and hedging, therefore, was as he does now out of wheat, but he and millers; to formulate suitable mill blends presumably at the maximum, revealed his city cousins recall the bread famine and to check up on milling methods; that less than three per cent of all future days of the late war, and can taste, still, to investigate flour improvers; and to trading consisted of hedges. This un- the bitter dregs of shipping strikes in study the staling of bread. Then there questioned fact very effectually disposes Australia and exorbitant prices for are many purely research problems of the argument by which gra,in-and- Canadian flour. which may be considered as siae issues. cotton-gamblers try to justify their prac- The Wheat Research Institute, then, Already I have a list of over a score, tices on the theory that hedging is neces- was formed with the express purpose of each one representing a month or more sary to the orderly marketing of grain putting New Zealand on a self-supporting of work. and cotton. wheat producing basis. Dr. Hilgendorf, The field is virgin, as practically no "The volume of 4ransactions annually the director, is in charge of the Plant work in cereal chemistry has been done handled by our so-called commodity ex- Breeding, and I have the milling, baking in New Zealand. The farmers, the changes is vastly in excess of the sums and chemical sections. New Zealand millers, and the bakers are supporting handled by all the European gambling has already spent some years in im- the investigations and the Government casinos combined. Even Monte Carlo proving the existing wheats by crossing is subsidizing their grants pound for has a limit, but there is absolutely no limit and selection and has tried out scores of pound. This gives us over £4,000, i.e., on the Chicago Board of Trade or the wheats from various parts of the world. $20,000 per annum. Thus the time is New York Cotton Exchange. At any- Today Dr. Hilgendorf has over 3,500 ripe for action —the zero hour has struck. gambling resort the gambler must risk special plots requiring individual treat- I am certain of no mean measure of his money 'over the counter,' whereas ment, as well as about 115 acres of in- success if for no other reason than to the Chicago Board of Trade and the New crease plots. satisfy selfish ends. For I could never York Cotton Exchanges have spread their The result of this wor'c has been to for three years, eat the bread that we operations throughout the length and increase yield and wind resistance. But get today. breadth of the nation by means of many- as to quality —we are not as certain 0 thousand miles of 'private wires' that because no extensive specific milling permit direct trading with hundreds of and baking tests have been made. Grain Exchange Puts smaller cities and even country towns. Whether the quality has or has not been "If bales of actual cotton and bushels Improved, the fact is that many bakers Monte Carlo in Sliade of real grain were the only articles bought are using foreign flour to blend with the and sold on the so-called commodity home production to give the desired bold exchanges, in accordance with the laws of Volume of Gambling in Grain and Cotton loaf. supplv and demand, there could be no To Check Flour Importation Said to Exceed All European Stakes criticism of these primary markets. They One of my duties is to |)rovide means would then be serving a perfectly legiti- whereby no importation of flour will A dozen Monte Carlos running full mate function. blast would work less harm to the moral occur. In other words, I am to demon- "But on both the cottm and grain welfare and economic stability of America trate how good bread can bemad from exchanges the sale of 'futures' has out- than the Chicago Board of Trade, and the New Zealand wheat. Obviouslv there grown the sale of actual cotton and grain. New York Cotton Exchange, and their are throe starting points—viz., the farmer, The proportion of cotton and grain the miller baker. It is hopeless afEliated markets now do by manipulation and the handled now is comparatively small, and and gambling in our major agricultural to talk quality to these farmers unless at least 95 per cent of the volume of contrives it 40-60 bushel products, in the opinion of Senator Lynn one with a trade is a mysterious non-existent paper J. Frasier, of North Dakota. yield. Hence the only way to get them commodity. A bushel of 'future' wheat to is to Gambling, no matter how conducted, is grow high quality wheat breed or a bale of 'future' cotton is merely a morally indefensible and economically a variety that has also high yielding marker to determine speculative values, unsound; and yet if the gamblers merely properties. This is a matter for the and the indisputable fact that 400 bushels take money from the pocket of one and plant breeder and thankfully I leave of 'futures' are sold on the Chicago Board It with place it in the pocket of the other, there is him. of Trade for every bushel of actual wheat no great social importance in the trans- The miller might produce a better (the ratio between futures and bales of quality flour if he had a protein to action. map cotton is approximately as great on the But when, as Senator Frasier points guide him in his buying and in his sub- New York Cotton Exchange) character- sequent blending. certainly out in Plain Talk, the stakes are common He could izes these two institutions as gambling- necessities like cotton and grain; and when increase the diastatic power of his pro- houses rather than legitimate primary in manipulating the markets the specu- duct by judicious heat conditioning and markets." he could put out a stronger flour if he lators often demoralize the law of supply were not so keen to get 71-73 per cent and demand and cause widespread distress 0 extraction. among the agricultural producers of the The baker labors under several handi- nation, the practice should be legally MOTERTON POOL LOCAL caps. In the first place, due to an agree- outlawed along with all other gambling. A. G. Lea, secretary of the Moyerton ment among the millers, he is unable to Pool Local, reports that this local was No Need for Exchange buy solely from one or two mills. On organized on March 9th and got off the contrary he has to buy what the Nor is there any economic need for the to a flying start by 25 members joining distributing agency wants to sell him. grain and cotton exchanges, in the esti- up. Practically all the men for miles Since no two mills use the same wheat mation of the North Dakota Senator. around attended and J. A. Lawrence made blends nor the same milling technique, Those who argue in behalf of the a capable chairman for the meeting. J. D. the baker is forever experimenting, trust- exchanges often stress the point that N. Gaunt was elected chairman of the ing to luck, and to the modest desires of they are necessary in order to afford Wheat Pool Local and A. G. Lea as secre- his customers. Secondly, the pure food millers, cotton ginners, and others an tary with three directors. These officers law prevents the use of flour improvers, opportunity to protect themselves against constitute a committee who plan on circu- although it allows the use of milk, malt losses by "hedging." latinga petition for a Pool elevator at Moy- flour and malt extract. "In considering this argument," writes erton in the near future. The CP. R. are Mr. Frasier, "it must be remembered that building a branch line northwest from Baker Wants Uniform Flour in making a hedge to protect against loss, Lone Rock, Sask., which it is expected If the baker were assured of an uniform rotection is sought from the parties who will run through Moyerton territory flour a great many of his troubles would ring about the very conditions that and improved conditions are expected vanish and the public would get on the cause the need for protection. In other as a result. Elmer Clay,

12 (348) THE U. F. A. April let, 1929

everjrone present had something to say ILLUSTRATING GROWERS' RESERVE ACCOUNT and it is felt the Wheat Pool Loral has the loyal support of all the Pool nr^rnbera in the locality. A small membership fee of 25 cents was fixed by the meeting to NAtAtC 1>CI JOH* ,7^4Ji: • cover any contingencies and payment # , ltHir>(>INO POINT came rolling in as fast as the secretary AOORCSS 22:* ICUfisod s-jllcloa, CA13.U

' '. * aSSO '1925 . - .

' 0)i«^ue • - Warner, S.D., Pooler, Leaves i S,i4 lntet«*t C 6J( 'on' £l w • ao«e'r»« to' A-ui-Sl, 1*27. 7.20 7.Z0 for Alberta ' • • ,'. M8bV y,-i9S« ' ,. The South Dakota Wheat Grower re-

cently gave the following interesting 'Aut^j'-t \\ . 192' . ; news item: "Robert W'obick, one of the most loyal members of our Pool Local at Warner, dropped in the other day to announce that he was going to load out for Canada The members of the Alberta Wheat Pool have toninbuieu 4.0,402,962.00 on March the 11th. for elevator and commercial reserve purposes. Of this total $3,653,434.87 com- "We are indeed sorry to lose Mr. Wo- bick, but we presume he cannot be prises the elevator reserve and $1,749,527.13 the commercial reserve. can enjoy the blamed for going where he The contribution of each Pool member is credited to that member on the benefits of a membership in the Canadian books of the Pool and from time to time a statement showing the total credits Wheat Pool. "Mr. Wobick, with his family, who is sent to each individual. Payment of interest at the rate of six per cent per will soon follow him, will live near Barons, annum is made each year on both elevator and commercial reserves. Alberta, where he is going to farm on a The illustration presented in conjunction with this article shows a typical half section about 90 miles south of Calgary." grower's reserve account. Each year's contribution is entered in the credit column; also the interest as it falls due. As the interest is paid the amount is entered in the debit column. Field Service Notes

Eisen- Pool Field Service man E. E. chairman and C. A. Paulsen as secretary. Meetings in F-10 hauer has moved back to Lethbridge strong board of A composed E. A. Carey, J. A. Cameron, Pool field service man and can be reached by writing to 422 W. J. Chilton, T. R. Evans, J. N. Hard- and W. W. Harber, delegate for sub- 8th Street South, Lethbridge, or phone man, T. Hetherington, J. P. Ross and district F-10, held a splendid series of 4116. G. B. Walker, M. L. A., was formed and meetings throughout the district at the it was decided to put on an intensive following points: Armena, Duhamel,New A very interesting meeting was held campaign for a larger membership. Con- Norway, Ferintosh, Edberg, Meeting at the Rocky Coulee U.F.A. on March siderable discussion took place regarding Creek, Bittern Lake, Ohaton, Dinant, 16th. A number of the members of the storage facilities. ending up at Camrose on March Pth. Junior U.F.A. were present. The field- At five of these points new Pool Locals man answered a number of questions At a meeting held at Langdon on were organized, including Meeting Creek and discussed Pool affairs. March 9th in the interests of the Wheat where a lady farmer was chosen as one Pool, C. A. Craig, delegate, was appointed director. chairman of the meeting and J. Brander, At all these meetings the delegate and Elevator Agent Keer at Nobleford, secretary. Mr. Craig gave a talk in brief field service man were accompanied by reports a very satisfactory handling on his work as delegate for the district. either M. L. Seller or W. J. Sparks, Pool this season. There is still a considerable He then introduced the speakers, Messrs. elevator superintendents, who were able amount of wheat being received at this MacPherson and Buchanan. These gen- to answer many technical questions, point and of course the Pool elevator is tlemen gave very interesting talks on the which very much increased the interest in getting practically all of it. operation and progress of the W^heat Pool, the different subjects under discussion. which was greatly appreciated by all Mr. Cameron had a set of lantern slides those present. A board of directors was at the Ohaton and Camrose meetings. Mr. Parker, president of the Noble- appointed for the Local, consisting of These slides were a decided help in getting ford Wheat Pool Local, has just returned C. L. Wenstrom, C. W. Anderson, H. useful information to the members and from a trip to the Old Country. He Dain, A. G. Bishop, and J. Brander, also a much better idea of the wonderful reports conditions very unsatisfactory secretary. There were twenty-two Pool growth of the Pool organization. among the laboring classes in England. members present at this meeting. o While away Mr. Parker answered many questions concerning the Wheat Pool Ninety-five farmers and their wives ARGENTINE'S BARGAIN WHEAT organization. attended the Pool meeting at High Before the Saskatchewan Grain En- Prairie on Friday evening, March l.'ith, quiry Commission, George Mclvor, gen- when the field service man, W. F. Grafton, The Lethbridge Northern Irrigation eral sales manager of the Canadian gave an illustrated talk about the Pool. District annual meeting was held at Wheat Pool, testified that Rosafe, the The general business of the Pool and some Hollandale School on the 12th of March highest type of Argentine wheat weighing of the more important resolutions passed and the field man for the Wheat Pool was 64i lbs. to the bushel, is selling at $4.61 at the last Annual Meeting were freely asked short talk. As the Alberta per hundred kilos, while Canadian No. to give a discussed and then the meeting was Pool Elevators have nine houses serving 5 wheat is offered for sale by the Pool shown some very fine pictures of Pool the Lethbridge Northern farmers we at $4.79 per hundred kilos. In other facilities both in Alberta and at the are particularly interested in the develop- words the Canadian Pool's price on No. terminals. Several questions were asked ment of this project. 5 wheat is 18 cents a kilo higher than the speaker and keen interest shown in the highest quality of Argentine wheat. Pool business. As the people of this Ordinarily Rosafe sells on a parity with On the afternoon of the 14th of March district are very anxious to secure a No. 3 Northern, an organization meeting was held at Pool elevator at High Prairie they have Woodhouse Elevator to form a W^heat organized a strong working party to Pool Local. Alex. MacGregor, delegate make their district 100 per cent Pool. On Tuesday, the 19th of March, for B-3, and E. E. Ei-senhauer, field man, After the business part of the meeting spring work was started on th« Pro- were present and spoke. The new Local the U. F. A. Local took charge and held vincial Government farm at Oliver was formed with P. T. Peterson as a very fine dance. near Edmonton. — —

AprU Ist, 1929 THE U. F. A. f349) 13

elevators, also that steps be taken to pre- Co-operation vent tampering with grain in the Mont- New Pool Locals Bishop real transfer houses. Max The following new Wheat Pool Locals An important request was that the have recently been formed: // all the little works of man Government change Section 150 of the Were m-idelled upm Nature's plan\ Canada Grain Act in order that the Dinant— M. F. Cole, secretary, and rights of growers to name the terminal Olaf Skalin of Kingman, chairman. "Look!" said the Great Master Builder, destination of their grain should be Makepeace—W. H. Harris, secretary, "Here is a pattern for you; clearly and concisely outlined. Another and Thos. Mullen, chairman. Forge ye, and fashion your playthings suggestion was with regard to tough Slumbering: Valley—J. L. Kewley of have taught you to do. As I wheat. The idea is to have grades of Hythe, secretary, and R. C. Robson of beasts have I take a body as tough wheat established, the first being Beaverlodge, chairman. Heart, veins, and loins, to my plan; grade A which would include all wheat Ohaton Walter Marleau, secretary Adding a mind and a brain to control, with a moisture content between 14.4 — and N. Lindgren, chairman. ^ And I have—man." and 15.5. Wheat above the 15.5 content would go into B grade. Tudor—James H. Rennie, secretary, "Yea," saith the Statesman, "I see it. and Wm. McMillan, chairman. And he who runneth may read, 0 Bonnyville — Paul Salley, secretary, and Broad are the bonds that unite us, Fabien Vezean, chairman. Virile and strong as the seed. Mr, Wood at Airdrie Rosemary—James G. Hall, secretary Celts and the Scots, with the Britons The and F. O. Eaton, chairman. Normans have planted their flow- And On the evening of Friday, the 22nd ers, Vilna—Sherman Huff of Hamlin, secre- of March, a Wheat Pool meeting was held Which unwittingly grew to a wide spread- tary and Stanley Moric of Vilna, chairman. at Airdrie. The principal speaker was H. ing tree Penhold Roy T. Pye, secretary, and W. Wood, chairman of the Alberta — This Empire of ours." T. Domoney, chairman. Wheat Pool. Mr. Wood's talk was an urgent appeal to Wheat Pool members we take wood from the forest. New Wheat Pool Locals have been So to keep before them the main purpose And we take ore from the mine; organized at Burdett and Milk River, of the Wheat Pool —-that of efficient Hewiner, to straighten the timber. with the following appointed as officers wheat selling, and not be drawn into Smelting, the ore to refine. respectively: rabbit chasing by minor issues. He must labor to build her. Many reminded non-Pool members of the Sef^retary, R. L. James, of Burdett; must work to eauip; Many fact that the Wheat Pool has been chairman, John Clark, Burdett. Until in her glory she glides to the sea. the best friend the grain producers Secretary, A. Barrows, Milk River; And we've builded a ship. of this country ever had and suggested chairman, A. Loft, Milk River. that all those who did not belong should Not to the one be the glory. give deep consideration to their position Hughenden Wheat Pool Local has been Not to the bee nor the flower; and responsibilities. Other speakers were reorganized and C. Dolding is now secre- the swift and the brainy the race is. To R. D. Purdy, Manager of the Alberta tary and D. Brockie, chairman. Growth needs the sun and the shower. Wheat Pool, Wm. Pettinger, fieldman, Nature has furnished the method. and Chas. Craig, delegate. C. E. Hoback The following Wheat Pool Locals have must we imitate; And her lesson was chairman. new secretaries: Alone we are futile, united we grow Vocal solos were contributed by Miss Cessford, John Raima, Cessford; Morn- As we co-operate. Beryl Scott, Mrs. Willans, and George ingside, J. W. Auten, Ponoka. o Barrs, all members of the Wheat Pool staff, accompaniments being played by Chauvin Wheat Pool Local has recently ELIMINATION OF SPREADS Mrs. Harry McDonald. appointed new officers, the secretary Suggestions for the elimination of "spreads" or reducing them to a mini- mum were put before the Royal Grain Commission at Winnineg recently. E. TESTING SEED FOR GERMINATION B. Ramsay, of the Wheat Pool, was asked by chief Commissioner J. T. Brown to join with other grain interests to offer a new definition of statutory grades on the basis of four grades in- stead of three as at present. What was left, the commissioner suggested, would then go into the new statutory grade number four. He said he proposed to ask several men prominent in the grain industry to get together on this new definition which could then be included in the recommendations of the com- mission. o

Pool Delegation at Ottawa

Ben S. Plumer, Wheat Pool Director for South Calgary, has returned from Ottawa where he was one of a delegation again Pool members are urged to test their seed before planting this year. of three, who presented to the Govern- Once ment suggestions on the part of the The above illustration gives a good idea of how seed may be tested for germination. Wheat Pool for changes in the Canada When making tests use the average of the seed it is intended to sow. Place 100 ker- Grain Act. A. J. McPhail of the Sask- nels in a box filled with soil, the seed being planted the ordinary depth of seed. Keep atchewan Pool and C. H. Burnell of the Manitoba Pool were the other members moist (not wet) warm, similar to field conditions. After about ten days count the of this committee. number of vigorous plants growing. Good seed should germinate 90 per cent in ten The committee asked for increased days for wheat and 80 per cent for oats and barley. Seed that germinates less should efficiency in the administration of the be planted in heavier quantities per acre. If the germination is less than 65 per cent Grain Act by the Grain Commissioners. it would seem wise to secure new seed. A change in the number of grades was also suggested, the idea being to have All seed should be treated for smut. Copper carbonate dust —2 to 4 ounces to a seven grades instead of the present first bushel—may be used with Marquis wheat and similar varieties. Formaldehyde solu- six, the new grade to be introduced be- tion — 1 oz. to 2 gallons of water, is frequently used. Moisten the ground by sprinkling, tween 3 Northern and 6 wheat in order the to narrow spreads. The committee asked mix thoroughly, heap in a pile and cover with blankets. After six hours remove for restriction of mixing in terminal blankets, and spread out to dry. Sow as soon after drying as possible. 14 (360) THE U. F. A. April l8t, 1929 being Hans Nysetvold, and the chairman, cultural discontent in the United States. H. Foreman. After discussing various phases of the Vessel Rates Hinder problem, Professor Seiipman delves into Rupert as Grain Port Olds Wheat Poo! local has rerently the proposed McNary-Haugen farm relief elected a new secretary and chairman. plan. He suggests the formation of a That an opcan differential of one-half These are, respectively, Joseph Stauffer farm board empowered to remove as far cent a bushel of wheat nijainst Prince and H. L. Laggard. as possible "intra-seasonal and seasonal Rupert, .'•s compared with Vancouver price fluctuation." He considers this Paci«^c port, is the main reason for dearth The U.F.A. Local at Streamstown has preferable to any plan which prefonccives of shinments by the Alberta W heat Pool appointed a Wheat Pool Committee with the idea of price control. The Winnipeg via the former route, a delegation from George H. Humfrey to act as secretary. Free Press remarks that this is exactly Prince Rupert learned as a result of a This will be known as the Fenham Local. what the Wheat Pools of the three Prairie recent trip through Alberta. Provinres arc trying to effect by orderly o marketing. An offif"ial rerort of the interview with n. W. Wood has now been delivered to the city council of Prinfe Rupert by Before the Fordney tariff rates became Mayor S. P. MfMordie and representa- effective, Canadian wheat entered the winter wheat is considerably smaller 3 per ton differential against this port. total exports. In 1926 the value of than a year ago. It is yet difficult to "That it was possible to make part Canadian wheat shipped to the United determine to what extent, if any, this shipments through Vancouver and not States was $12,500,000 or 3.4 per cent; crop has been damaged. here. in 1927 $11,100,000 or 3.1 per cent; in "That Ihcy sold more grain this season 1928 $9,500,000 or 2.7 per cent. Testing seed for its germinating ability f.o.b. \an'ouver and so were relieved of is often neglected, but nevertheless it o further responsibility in connection with should be done. A farmer has only one Co-operative marketing of farm pro- such shipments. chance a year to sow a crop and should ducts means better prices, and better "The delegation offered mnny argu- take nothing for granted. prices means better homes, better liv- ments in favor of shipping through this ing —freedom from the constant anxiety city, but was unable to obtain a more From Januarv Ist to February 23rd, caused by economic insecurity, labor- de^nite promise than the one given, as Australia exported 34,392,000 bushels saving devices in the home, music, books, stated above. to bushels durinst as compared 17,272,000 radio—everything that means a happier "The delegation believes that, if the last It is the same period year. estimated and fuller life. (Continued on page 34) that Australia will export a hundred million bushels from the last crop.

Mor'ey F. Switzer, of Sibbald, writes: "I might say that as a Pool member I have been very well pleased with the accomplishments of the Pool, in the handling of our affairs, and also with the service received from our elevator depart- ment through our local house; and I feel that if it was not for the Pool, I would not want to be raising wheat."

1300 platform cars of Manitoba wheat revealed a dockage of 4 per cent. If this was an average, Manitoba total dockage will amount to 1,460,000 bushels from million bushels of wheat. Calculating threshing costs at 10 cents, elevator service at 5 cents and freieht at 10 cents a bushel, this means that the cost to Manitoba farmers was $365,- 000.

"This season the volume of oats and barley delivered to the Pool in Saskatche- wan is far in excess of any past season, both in volume and in percentage of the total delivered at country points. The Coarse Grains Pool is growing in popu- larity and results in the past season^ have no doubt justified the increased confidence in

During the presidential campaign in the United States last ^vear the Democratic party secured the services of Dr. Seli?man, the millionaire professor of economics of Columbia University, to make an analysis of the causes and possible cure for agri- —

April 1st, 1929 THE U. F. A. (351) 15

The Alberta Teachers' Alliance and the Proposed New School Act

An Examination of the Scheme for the Reorganization of the Rural School System, and Some Suggestions

By JOHN W. BARNETT, Secretary A.T.A. The request of the Editor of The U.F.A. favored by the A.T.A. just up to that to be furnished with a statement of the point where the unit be sufficiently large The discussion on the proposed attitude of the Alberta Teachers' Alliance to enable it to carry on unfettered and new School Act at the U.F.A. Con- is much appreciated. with dignity and eflSciency: e.g. through- vention was reported somewhat An idea seems to be prevalent Ca) Sufficiently large to equate the fully in The U.F.A. several weeks out the Province that the scheme of the financial burden over a reasonably large ago. Since then the provisions of Minister of Education emanated from the area, but not too large to take the rate- the bill have been examined in the A.T.A. Whether or not thi^ be true, it payers and parents far away from contact Legislature and the debates re- should not in any way detract from the with the administration of the local schools corded by our Staff Correspondent. merits of the bill, nor should it be a pre- and from the tax-levying authority. text for augmenting its defects. Suffice We have pleasure in presenting on this page the views upon this im- (6) Sufficiently large to enable the it to say, however, that the fundamental elected board to employ a skilled techni- provisions of the new act are in line portant measure of the Alberta cian to superintend the administration with what has been advocated by us since Teachers' Alliance, of which John is Secretary and advise his board. the inception of our organization, viz: W. Barnett General Treasurer. Mr. Barnett's article (c) Sufficiently large to remove the (1) A more equitable distribution of was written before the introduction school administration and school board the cost of support of schools throughout of the bill. The bill, however, members from social and community the Province to ensure full-lime operation follows closely the plan as pre- quarrels and affairs. both elementary and secondary, of schools, viously outlined. Editor. this to be achieved by a larger unit of (rf) Sufficiently large to enable wide administration than now pertains—the responsibilities, financial, legislative and rural school district. executive, to attract men of standing (2) The relieving of rural school boards local control. We believe that the func- ability and ambition to run for office on of the responsibility of engaging and dis- tion of the central body should be to hold the board; also to furnish facilities for missing teachers. itself to be in partnership with the local local initiative, agressiveness and experi- local interest (3) The provision of more supervision authorities for the promotion of a com- mentation, thus stimulating and help to the isolated rural school mon task and with which it endeavors in "our own" system with resultant local teacher. not to interfere too much in detail and pride in the local system and encourage- This being so, the A.T.A. would surely leaves to the other side the larger measure ment of the adaptation of the local system be inconsistent to adopt any other atti- of initiative. It should trust to local to meet local needs. tude than that of supporting the proposed bodies to be the best judges of local needs, If these considerations be accepted as legislation in a general way; although and to local enthusiasm to carry through desirable and carable of fulf Iment and in there are certain features to which we the necessary tasks. And especially do full accord with democratic ideals of can not subscribe. Frankly, the Mini- we believe this should apply in an educa- administration and government, the perti- ster's proposed methods of implementing tional system; the Covernment should do nent question then presents itself: "To the above principles or aims are such as as little as possible in the way of appoints what extent do the Minister's proposals to create the opinion within our ranks ing, paying, dismissing or locating those coincide with them?" that a noble effort has been rendered to serving imder the local authority, constitut- The General Board some extent nugatory and a splendid ing itself the friendly critic, adviser, and concept spoiled. helper, spurring on the backward author- The creation of the General Board will A Courageous Proposal ity, and sometimes, maybe, holding back certainly equalize the burden of upkeep the too eager. We are convinced that the of schools throughout the entire Province; The Minister has tackled the problem sparsity of detailed regulation secures to seasons of drought in certain parts of the in a careful, thoughtful and thorough the local authority and to the schools a Province would not affect materially manner and he is to be congratulated greater measure of freedom, and of re- financial facilities for carrying on in the upon the manner with which he has boldly sponsibility, but at the same time, makes stricken parts; the credit of a Provincial advanced his scheme of reform, the cour- the Government more absolute because unit w ould be more sound than that of a ageous and determined manner with its discretion is unfettered. division or country; there would be has faced hostile audiences and which he homogeneity of curricula throughout the criticism and his f.ne showing as a debater. Local "Autonomy" whole Province and homogeneity in interested in the welfare of edu- Those It may be argued that favoring a larger methods of supervision and inspection cation and of the child are buoyed with unit of administration than the present, also; there would be a Province-wide and confidence that something tan- hope the rural school district, does not har- schedule of salaries for teachers and of bene^t to all, will be the final gible, monize with the policy advocated of supervising officers and the salaries of outcome. Therefore, no spirit of petty local control and local initiative in edu- teachers, etc. would be paid regularly criticism, sectional jealousies, uninformed cational affairs. It may appear inconsis- from one centre. nor wanton throwing of a "monkey- tent, but a little close analysis reveals it On the other hand, it is pertinent to into the cogs should mar the wrench" to be otherwise. Too immediate a form suggest that this homogeneity of taxation, chances of success of putting into effect of local control makes a misnomer of the supervision, salaries, etc., might fmlly a scheme as comprehensive and thorough term "local autonomy." Freedom of result inimically to tlie welfare of educa- as the situation cjills for —a scheme which initiative can not be exercised unless there tional life throughout the Province in the will be of great and lasting not only be knowledge to produce the capacity to following respects: bene^t to our educational system but, exert it and the same applies to independ- i\) It leaves the divisional or county the same time, its potentialities for at ence of action. The Minister's pamphlet boards with \ery limited powers other good strengthened considerably by reason entitled "Rural Schools in Alberta" (cages than the appointment, dismissal and lo- of its winning general approbation when 6, 7 and 8) shows how these desirable cation of teachers. The present rural finally put into effect. Consequently, accompaniments of an efficient educational school boards will remain in full control any criticisms which we may offer are in system are impossible of fulfilment under of buildings and equipment, and, if salaries no wise intended to discourage the Mini- present conditions; how the smallness of are arranged for and paid by the General ster, but tendered with a constructive the unit, inequalities of assessment of Board, it is difficult to see what other motive. school districts, lack of facilities for ap- duties will be left for the Divisional Board Government as Adviser pointing skilled technicians to advise to perform which will have any bearing and Like the U.F.A. other democratic school board members regarding teachers upon finance—unless it be for suprle- organizations, the A.T.A. frmly believes —their choice, suitability and elimination mentary services, such as: school doctor, in government from the "bottom up" of misfits —results finally in inefficiency, dentist, nurse, etc. If the Divisional rather than from the "top down"; we waste, constant dislocation of instruction Boards be left free to provide, say for con- is believe that true democracy coincident and spasmodic operation of schools and, struction of rural high schools, would it with a policy of "trust the people" and withal, a monotonous similarity of type not be likely that there would necessarily that the finest type of citi;.enry can only and procedure varied only by the exigen- have to be left with the General Board be developed from allowing in all depart- cies of factionalism and petty quarrels powers to veto projected expenditures_of ments of government a wide measure of within the districts. Centralization is (CoDtiuued on page 3S) 16 f352) THE U. F. A. April Ist, 1920

REFLECTIONS AFTER PROROGA TION A Diverse Legislative Program— Stepping Out Into New ^ Qy Realms—The Blending of Traditions— The Man at the NORMAN F PRIESTLEY Head.

"It is His Honor the Lieutenant have provided for guarantees to the extent 'n their general resentment towards forces Governor's will and pleasure that this of a million dollars to co-operative mar- which deprive them of even the necessities Legislative Assembly be now prorogued; keting institutions, which mean m«ch of life, feel that this law-making and gov- and this Legislative Assembly is accord- to the agricultural life of the Province. ernance sets the seal to conditions which inplv prorogued." They have considered setting up a more are harsh and unjust. On the other hand With these words uttered by Premier equitable basis of taxation for supple- they may be rich and powerful, or nearly J. E. Brownlee in his capacity of Provin- mentary revenue purposes. Thev have rich and aspiring for power, and, being cial Secretary, the third session of the provided that users of gasoline shall con- such, see in this expression of the public Sixth Legislature of the Province of Al- tribute more largely to the revenues of mind nothin"? but limitation to their free- berta came to an end at five-thirty o'clock the Province. In co-oneration with the dom, opposition to their will, obstacles to on the afternoon of Wednesday, March Dominion Government they have ar- their goal. If the Legislature which has 20th. A brief moment of respectful si- ranged that men and women who are iust finished its work is ineffective and lence as Lieutenant Governor Egbert, British subjects, or, in the case of widows has in any sense failed, it is because the preceded by his aide, Col. Gillesnie, who were such before their marriage, and people it represents are ineffective and descended the three steps from the throne are now se-enty years of age, shall re- therefore fail. One thing is sure: that chair and proceeded across the red carnet ceive a pension of twentv dollars a month underneath the roof of that sandstone to the door, and, before the rattle of their for the remainder of their days, with building on the banks of the Saskatchewan swords had died away on the marble certain provisos as to residence, income, there is no tolerance of those elements of balconv, the decorous chamber had been etc. Thev have voted over a million and the nation's life which would make wreck reduced to confusion. Coloured stream- a third dollars out of the general revenues of what has been slowly and painfully ers descended from the nress gallery, of the Province for the nurnose of covering built up through the centuries, nor yet copies of bills, orders of the day, votes unforseen expenditures incurred in the of those deadening influences that for and proceedings were scattered over the last fiscal year, and have given the Gov- fear of being disturbed would have things floor, an incontinent litter of printed ernment authority to spend sums for the remain forever as they are, and least of sheets. Members turned to each other various administrations of our public life all for those forces which arise in the with smiling faces and happy eyes behind committed to them to the amount of body politic and seek in crooked and which, no doubt, were visions of home. nearly twenty-six million dollars for the devious ways to gain advantage over the • * * ensuing twelve months. unsuspecting and less powerful. • * • * • • For seven weeks sixtv men, sent by the will of the peonle of their communities, In the wings of the building, which run There sits at his desk in that building, as expressed in that basis of parliamentary out from the rotunda and balconies that early and late, a big man, whose keen institutions the ballot box, to make laws lie under the great dome, are seven men, mind has gathered for over seven years and set up and maintain the necessary upon whom, along with one woman, dis- now, into one focus the things that are machinery to make those laws effective, tinguished among her sex throughout the being done. Around him ar many cap- have grappled with the problems of state. whole British commonwealth of nations, able men. Behind him is a tremendous Fifty-seven out of the sixtv law makers has been laid the burden of implementing social movement, moving onward to an stayed to the last hour. By noon next the decisions of the past seven weeks and end but dimly perceived. Looking back day the greater portion of them had sped those of previous years. On their desks over the past two months one cannot but f-les feel that away by road and rail on the web of and in their papers lie dee". Deputies despite outworn customs, not- communication lines that radiate from the and secretarial staffs are busily at work withstanding hampering traditions, in the capital city to points as much as four sifting and collating materials. Govern- face of many complexities and overcom- hundred miles away. So far as they are mental machinery is once more getting ing many limitations, Premier Brownlee concerned the work of making law for down to its rhythmic hum. and his Cabinet and the men who con- the seven hundred thousand people who * * * stitute this Assembly are seeking and finding the realization live north of the fortv-ninth parallel on It is perhaps a little too soon to sum up of the prayer with which the Speaker the eastern slone of the Rockies is over impressions. The events are a little too begins each day's sitting: for the year 1929. near to be seen in proper perspective. It " What have thev done? They have will take years and generations to evaluate That all things may be so ordered and dealt with widely diverse matters. They this work. Certain conclusions, how- settled bj' their endeavor on the best and surest foundations, have authorized the sale of lines of rail- ever, are inescapable. In this new land, that peace and happi- ness, truth and justice, religion way for the sum of twenty-five million settled in large part by men still young, and piety be established dollars, and they have considered the democracy is evolving to one of its finest may among us for all question of protecting sheen and licensing forms. This Legislature, which will next generations."

. dogs. They have amended city charters. year complete its frst quarter century o They have renewed railway charters. of existence, is adapting old laws which HONOR FATHER OF "HYDRO" Thev have refused a request for rights to have their roots in milleniums of Hebrew, In honor of Sir Adam Beck, whose build a motor road for private pro^t. Roman and A'iglo-Saxon history to the fight for public ownership saved Ontario -The demand for increased highway fa- needs of a cosmopolitan, polyglot people from the danger of falling into the hands cilities has been considered and met as fusing into new nationhood on one of the of the power trust, a monument is to be far as the revenues of the Province in greatest frontiers the world has known. erected by the city of Toronto on Uni- their combined judgment would permit. Not only are they remodelling old laws, versity Avenue, close to Hydro head- Regulations have been enacted into law but, shaking themselves free from the quarters. The monument will cost governing threshers' liens, assignment of fetters of tradition and custom, thej^are $2.5,000, and the main feature will be a book debts, procedure to recover small stepping out into new realms. Its mem- bronze statue of Sir Adam, the "father" debts, woodmen's liens, the prevention bers have by no means a common tradi- of the great public ownership enterprise of fraud in the sale of securities, the pro- tion. They s'^eak in varying accents commonly known as Hj'dro. motion, constitution and operation of which reveal that Enelish is not for all . o companies. They have dealt with insur- of them the mother tongue, and that in ance, with chattel mortgages, land titles, them are re^^resented almost all sections INCREASED BEET ACREAGE the recovery of taxes, drainage districts, of the Anglo-Saxon world. A progressive A considerable increase is reported in irrigation districts, drouth areas, noxious people, pulsing with power, demanding, the amount of land which will be planted weeds, the assessment of industries, and in a unison which will be heard, a larger to sugar beets this spring in the southern manv other things. Public Health, men- and yet larger share of the fruits of pro- Eart of the Province. Loading dumps will tal diseases, hospitals, the university and gress, has found in them a mode of ex- e built this year at Iron Springs and the whole rural school system have come pression and an instrument for the attain- Picture Butte in order to facilitate the within their purview. ment of desire. handling of the increased crop of beets They have given a new constitution to There are many people sceptical of our expected from these districts. Two car- the great Alberta Wheat Pool, which will whole political system. To them it does loads of beet seed are now in storage in protect it from the assaults of men who not seem to ft into the scheme of life. the companj-'s warehouse, awaiting de- seek its defeat and disintegration. They On the one hand they may be poor, and. livery to growers. April Ist, 1929 THE U. F. A. •^3) 17

Natural Resources Issue Unites All Groups in Support of Government Policy in ' Seeking Better Terms

Debates on Resources, Education, and Proposals to Make Tariff Reprisals, Feature Closincr Days of Third Session of Sixth Legislature — School Bill Left Over Until Next Session—Assembly Prorogues STAFF CORRESPONDENCE Passing of New School Bill Present Year Not Presentation of a united front by all groups in support of the Gov- ernment's policy of seeking better terms for the transfer of the Natural Government's Desire Resources, was a feature of the closing days of the session of the As- sembly. Believes That Opinion Will Premier While this involves further negotiations* on the general question, Cystalliae After Tear's Thought in control of water power rights will pass to the Province before the close Favor of Change / of the present session at Ottawa, under legislation to be enacted there MOtlDAY'S SITTING as the outcome of the adoption of the Woodsworth resolution as amended. The Assembly passed a supplementary act, empowering the Alberta EDMONTON, March 18.— Dealing with two of the most important questions Government to accept the transfer. before the Province of Alberta at the As had been anticipated, the School Bill was held over, after de- present time— the Natural Resources bates in the Legislature had served to concentrate public attention upon and the Education Bill Premier issue — the necessity for a change in the basis of the rural school system. Brownlee spoke for well over an hour this afternoon. The debate on the A resolution moved by M. C. McKeen, M.L.A., recommending Natural Fesouroes is dealt with in a tariff reprisals by the Dominion, was countered by an amendment and separate article. sub-amendment, the Assembly proroguing without a vote being taken. Announcement was made by the Pre- mier that it is not the desire or intention of the Government to pass the new School Bill during the present session; that they position of those who desired to have knowledge of Canadian standards preferred to follow the example set by of things remain as at present and the pro- education, and even without adequate other Governments, by not forcing legis- visions of the bill might be found. knowledge of the language, could lation upon which public opinion was not be ex- pected to function properly. fullv crystallized. This had been done The Prov- THAT NOISY ince was covered with patch-work with other legislation in the past, the a quilt TRUSTEES' CONVENTION of school districts. preliminary discussion in the Assembly The member read a number of serving to lay the basis for further dis- Mr. Gibbs, who followed Premier sample contracts from backward cussion among the electorate. Brownlee, regretted the late presenting areas of the United States which caused much laugh- The Premier declared his belief that of the bill. He also remarked that the ter. In one of these the lady aft^r a year of thought on the matter Minister had taken no notice so far as teacher was required to sign a th^ public would come to see the need of the bill was proof of it, of the resolution statement that she would not certain a tihange of basis for our rural schools and of March 16, 1928, covering the matter wear types of clothes, after certain would be prepared to accept the general of time allotted to cadet training. He not stay out hours, nor walk out with a young proyisions of the act. congratulated Mr. Baker on the thought man except to take him School Replying to the charge of "lack of put into the bill and on his courage at to Sunday or church. In another, the courage" in making a test before the presenting it in the face of so much oppo- teacher, evidently a male, was re- quired electorate, Mr. Brownlee said that during sition. He wondered if the Lethbridge to be prepared to throw big lads of the| course of seven years of office the trustee convention were to be taken as an out the school by way of the window Government had found that the best index of rural opinion or was the U.F.A. if necessary. Mr. Gibbs cited a list of twenth-eight in way to secure interest in any matter was Convention better? If the trustees' con- reasons given Alberta for the dismissal of teachers which to orystallize it in proposed legislation. vention at Lethbridge, with its noisy had not anything to with "liie Premier did not agree that the demonstration of hostility, were a criter- do teaching. He it highly Government should either pass the bill or ion, then Mr. H. W. Wood had much more thought desirable to set up a admit defeat. Other Governments tested work to do to instill the principles of different attitude of mind toward teachers. The question should be not how cheap a ftublic opinion in this way rather than co-operation into the minds of the people orce a reform upon an unready public. of tne rural areas. He feared the time teacher can we get, but how good a Premier Ferguson, of Ontario, who was might come when some of these well-to- teacher? Minister of Education in that Government, do farmers who have confined their con- THINKS PROPOSED had brought in bills amending the school ceptions of co-operation to the Wheat DIVISIONS TOO LARGE laws of that Province and allowed them Pool and other monetary considerations, to stand, on account of opposition. He might find that the co-operative principle Speaking more critically of the bill, thought it was abundantly proven that an had not been carried far enough. It was Mr. Gibbs was of the opinion that in his educational system based upon the small a case of "Save the child and you save all." desire to give elasticity to the rural school school district was not the best. The Mr. Gibbs was not discussing this organization the Minister had gone too Liberals opposite had cited New Zealand problem as a city man nor yet as a far. He, the speaker, thought that forty ans Australia as examples of legislative teacher. He was approaching it from or fifty schools in one division would be efforts of various kinds. Perhaps they the point of view of equality of oppor- enough. They should be autonomous. would admit their leadership in this field tunity for the child and from the point They should pay and appoint the super- also. He was sorry that the member for of view of the state. He greatly re- visors. The superintendents should not Medicine Hat had seen fit to introduce gretted that Mr. Lang, a teacher for so be linked to the Department. The gen- the amendment. The Assembly had met many years, should have seen fit to take eral board as provided for by the bill him generously on other matters. He a stand for rural education as it now is. would limit experimentation, as the board knew that the Government did not intend He did not agree with him that the num- would be required to levy a third tax on to press the bill. ber of inspectors was any great factor divisions desiring to employ special ser- Cfoncluding, Mr. Brownlee drew atten- in the situation. The system suffered \ices in teaching. He thought that the tion to the general recognition of the need from lack of co-ordination. He had had Minister was too much concerned about of a larger unit. Any advance from the many letters pointing out the difficulties the difference in economic status of divi- present situation would involve some under which teachers labor. He won- sions. Some county system, autonomous lesser degree of local autonomy. He dered how trustee boards, composed in to the fullest extent, with equaiizatioo hoped that a meeting place between the many instancee of men who had imperfect grants, would meet tne need. With the 18 (36^ THE U. F. A. April l0t, IV/V

eneral principU of the bill he wai in the new act than under the old. No The lock step for teachers and the gooss earty accord. general tax of this kind could be equitable. step for children were to be avoided. SHAW ATTACKS BILL A man on a well equipped and expensive Mr. Weaver thought that the super- AND GOVERNMENT farm had greater overliead to take care of intendents should be engaged by and and sometimes reaped no better crop. under the authority of the divisional Declaring that he and his party were Mr. Baker: boards. not wedded to the past; that the past had On what basis would you At this point Mrs. Parlby adjourned already too many guardians; place the tax? and that the debate. this field of education was a proper field Mr. Shaw: / am crilirising, not offer- Eigh.teen bills for experimentation and progress, J. T. ing .luggemiona, but the tax might have were given thrid reading; seven were passed Shaw opened an attack on the bill and to be put on a jjroduction basis; that is, through Committee the Government. He had no animus on the ability of a man to pay. of the Whole and four were read a second time. against the Minister in the matter, he The amendment, said Mr. ^^haw, had The del>ate on a proposed amend- •aid. There had been many suggestions been drawn up by himself not by Mr. ment to the Dental Act is reported eiaenere. of co-operation; but his advances in this I.ang and he would take full responsi- direction in the matter of education, bihty for it. (Cries of Oh! Oh!) Let which was a suitable field for co-opera- the Government vote on the amendment tion, had been repulsed. He satirically and thereby affirm that the bill was BILL HELD OVER UNTIL NEXT suggested that the Assembly had not wholly sound and its provisiona should SESSION heard the views of certain private mem- be carried out. bers on the Government side. Would the Mr. McKeen: "Would Mr. Shaw The debate on the Education Bill was take conduded on Tuesday Minister of Railways support his fellow in the cities and towns?" evening, Mr. Minister? The Government d^e not go Baker stating that the end he had in Mr. Shaw: "It should embrace the to the view — to provoke discussion of the pro- people on the bill. The present whole Province." move was to save the face of the Minister posals and to bring before the people in of Education. Though he had searched VIEWS OF A VETERAN the dearest possible way the need to find out the weaknesses of the present system SCHOOL TRUSTEE a remedy for existing weaknesses, had of rural education and e.xposed them in been accomplished. In a closely reasoned speech and pamphlet he was apparently Stating by way of preliminary that he address in winding up the debate, the willing that these weaknesses should con- had been a school trustee for twenty Minister dealt with the outstanding cri- tinue for another year. years, for eighteen of which he had been ti( isms one by one, and expressed much The Minister of Education had yielded secretary-treasurer, W. H. Shield (U.F.A.) disappointment that the Liberal party Macleod, to the demand for a reduction of inspec- gave hearty approval to the should have seen fit to make a poUtical tors. He had reduced grants to schools. general plan of the Education Bill, football of this important matter. with He was in control of normal schools. some qualification as to details. Among contributions to the debate on Conditions had greatly If teachers were too young, why did he changed in the Tuesday, that of Mrs. Parlby, who in a twenty not raise the age limit, and eliminate past years, in the early days few speech of fine quality commended the minors? Mr. Shaw examined the educa- rural children were going to high school. effort of the Minister to arrive at some tion systems of British Columbia, Sas- Now large numbers of them were seeking solution of the education, was a notable secondary education. The rural si hoof, katchewan and Ontario. In the first and one. The question, to her mind, was one not for lack of de.sire, but because it was last Provinces anything in the nature of of the greatest which could be brought not a sufficiently strong unit, had been a larger unit did not at all approximate before the Assembly. dependent upon town and city communi- the proposed large divisions of this bill. Mrs. Parlby came directly to the attack ties for secondary education. He thought In Saskatchewan an educational commis- on the Lang amendment to the Education Mr. Baker was to be commended for the sion had recommended the larger unit Bill. She thought it unnecessary. steps he had taken to ensure that rural There several years ago and the proposal to was much feeling among rural people children should have the advantages of implement the recommendation in legis- that there should be a change and an higher education. The bill reserved for lation had been defeated at the last ses- advance. She quoted from a liook the local board very necessary functions on the sion of the Legislature there. American school system a statement that which they were able to perform; and it the problem involved was not only edu- THINKS MINISTER'S was to be remembered that the local cational but sociological and economic in POWER TOO GREAT board would always be there in its ad- nature. The school was a means to Mr. Shaw maintained that the measure visory capacity. organizing rural life. was not democratic. Everything came Mr. Shield saw no grounds for criticism hat was the aim of education? ultimately down to the control of the of the method of setting up the divisional W To turn out young people with a certain Minister. The system, instead of re- boards. What more democratic method amount of education more or less unre- moving local jealousies, would by its ward could be devised? The method was lated to life as they would find it: or system of election tend to create and similar to that employed by the Wheat to develop their latent possibilities accentuate them. The general board, he Pool. In that organization they had ana make character? "The mind," she quoted, "is maintained, was elected by and respon- tried electing the delegates at large and not a vessel to be filled but a hearth to be sible to only one fifth of the electors. it had been a failure. He agreed, how- He was also convinced that the super- ever, with Mr. Gibbs, that the supervisors lighted." There was a tendency for fix itself certain intendents would pay more attention should be appointees of the aivisional criticism to on tangible things, such as the machinery of to the general board and the Minister who board. Only by co-operation of the school the system. should get controlled their salaries than to the divi- units could progress be made. The need We down to things fundamental. sional boards who engaged them. There for a change was great. more was altogether too much power vested in Mrs. Parlby commended the efforts of the Minister. He might as well be said PRESENT UNITS TOO SMALL, the Ministi r of Education. He had to appoint and pay all the teachers. THINKS WEAVER worked intelligently and with diligence. administrative unit The whole machinery was created and C. Y. Weaver (Cons.) Edmonton, said The had been the dominated by the Minister. An educa- that any step which would induce young focus of criticism. She had found that tional countries, Scotland for instance, tyrant might arise who would people of the highest quality to enter the in other abuse this power. school great advantages had accrued w th the The systems teaching profession and remain in it was unit of administra- had been the training ground of democ- worthy of consideration. Such step must, adoption of a larger racy in the Anglo-Saxon world. however, have the support and endorse- tion. It gave a general freedom and an opportunity for the more aide teachers to Mr. Shaw found fault with the bill in ment of the people. He thought the divi- grapple with the problems of modern that it charged the local body with the sion proposed by the bill was much too administration of school property, and large. The Minister had gone from one education. another body with the sending of teachers extreme to the other. He believed that "I am an enthusiast for the country," to use the equipment created and main- the units should be larger than at present; said the speaker. "It is the place where tained by the former. Here was ground that each unit should be self governing God meant people to live and particularly for a great deal of friction and misunder- and have its own salary schedule and where they should bring up children." standing. He did not hghtly berate local provide opportunities for promotion and Denmark had a unique rural civiliza- school Boards^ There was no assurance a permanent career for teachers. The tion. One fourth of the rural young men of getting away from local jealousies by Province was by no means a unity, and and women pass through the rural folk means oi the divisional board, and the be thought that in education we could high schools of that country. Seventy- general board was little more than an afford to encourage a degree of diversity. five per cent of the leaders of all phases of adding machine. It was an inherent weakness of state the nation's life came from these rural Dealing briefly with the matter of education that there was a tendency to schools. She concluded by expressing the taxation, Mr. Shaw contended that the turn children out of one mold. Too hope that out of the discussion which had average dista-iot would pay more under much regimentatioo was Dot desirable. arisen and would follow, some oooclusioos April l8t, 192« THE U. F. A. (855) ly would be reached which would result in Section 17 of the Autonomy Act, which were not of a constructive character." great advantages to the life of the Pro- reserved the right to erect separate schools. Continuing, Mr. Baker dealt at some vince. It would be dangerous to upset the present length with the six criticisms of the mode of living. The rights of minorities amendment by Mr. Lang. To hold that CITY'S ADVANTAGES BRING would have to be safeguarded. the divisional unit was of no value for TO RURAL ALBERTA He was not dogmatic about the size other purposes was like the case of a man Allen stated that he had helped Hugh of the divisional unit. He had changed offering a lighting plant to a farmer with school districts in the to organize many his mind once already on the matter, the assurance that it would thoroughly River country and had in the Peace having thought that fifty schools would light his house, to which another sales- of the subsequent fifteen or twenty course be sufficient. The advantage of the man might reply that it would not milk their development. Some years watched larger unit was that the superintendent the cow, mow the hay, or hoe the turnips. in the path of progress and had had been would be able to have a stenographer If other divisions such as counties were into village and town schoqls; evolved and would be relieved of secretarial duties, made they would cut across the existing were little changed. The act be- others making him the more efficient. Then, school districts. School units were not fore the Assembly was an attempt to too, it would be hard to get sixty super- planned for other purposes. advantages of the city system bring the intendents of the calibre needed. Three The proposed divisional PURPOSE ACCOMPLISHED to the country. working together as superintendent and similar to the city trustee BY DISCUSSION board was supervisors would be oetter than the trustee in the city of Edmonton board. A three working separately. It would also In conclusion Mr. Baker said that he some ten thousand people. would represent be cheaper. had accomplished the purpose for which on a particular street were not People Mr. Baker said that he was disappointed he had set out; viz., to bring sharply be- of having a trustee live on that desirous at the contribution of the Liberal party. fore the Legislature and the people of street. The cities had quite as much He had hoped that all would approach Alberta the great need for a change and centralized control as tha,t of which the subject without endeavor to capitalize some proposals to effect a remedy for complaint was being made in the provi- politically on the unrest brought about existing weaknesses. He had set before the new act. sions of by the change and the reluctance to as- the people an aim to secure better control objections to supervisors were The sume new taxation. The press of the and administration of rural education. unfounded, declared Mr. Allen. He Province had taken a fair and impartial He hoped that the subject would not be- they might be experienced teach- thought attitude. All that the Liberals had had come a political football. He adjourned ers. There should be special provision to suggest was that all was not well with the debate, thus closing the subject for organization work in pioneer made for education. the present session. areas. The difficulties of rural secondary Mr. Shaw: "I did make suggestions The remainder of the evening was de- •ducation could only be overcome by the last year." voted to consideration of bills in Com- larger unit. A smaller unit than that Mr. Baker: "The suggestions made mittee of the Whole and in third reading. proposed might do, but it increased overhead expenses. He did not see any inequality in the taxation proposals. He thought the greatest weakness of the bill was its exclusion of village, town and city Assembly Presents Solid Front in districts. Villages at least should be in- cluded. The whole Province, cities, towns Support of Effort to Obtain Better and villages, should help to carry the burden of pioneer rural areas. The ma- chinery in his opinion was rather cum- Terms for Transfer of Resources bersome. The local board might ulti- mately be dispensed with. The divisional Resolution by Premier Brownlee, Recommending that Alberta Government board might well have the power to fix Interview Federal Government With This End in View, Is Adopted There were un- the maximum salary. Unanimously. justifiable suspicions abroad that the schema was a move on the part of the teachers to boost salaries. The amend- EDMONTON. March 19.—Presenting the resolution on the orders of the day ment should be voted down. He hoped a solid front in support of the Govern- in order to provoke free discussion. that improvement along the lines of the ment's policy of seeking to arrange more Did the offer now before the Province bill might be worked out. satisfactory terms for the transfer of satisfy the Assembly? Or was it felt the natural resources to the Provinces that the offer of the Dominion Govern- PROPOSED PLAN WOULD than are contained in the Dominion ment was a minimum and might be MEAN IMPROVEMENT Government's offer, all parties and used as a basis of further negotiation That most of the opposition expressed groups in the Legislature, after a debate in the hope and expectation of more in the Assembly had been voiced by city which covered a large part of Monday's favorable terms? members, was the opening observation and Tuesday's sittings, adopted unani- The Premier at the close of his speech of George MacLachlan (U.F.A.) Pem- mously a resolution upon this subject adjourned the debate till Tuesday to bina. The penalty of pioneering might moved by Premier Brownlee. J. T. give members an opportunity for further be placed upon the parents but certainly Shaw, Fred White and A. A. McGillivray, thought upon the matter, remarking at should not be upon the children. Was it in behalf of their respective groups, each the same time that all parties had co- a wise policy of state to allow illiteracy? endorsed the stand taken by the Provinc- operated to present a united front in the He knew children scarcely able to write ial Government. approach of the Dominion Government their names at twelve years of age. Teach- The debate opened on Monday, March on the question. ing in rural schools offered little induce- 18th, when Mr. Brownlee moved the Premier Brownlee ^ave it as his opinion ment. It was a case of drifting round following resolution: that a somewhat critical period had been opinion, as reached in the light of the offer now before from one to another. In his The resolution reads: "That in the constituency the Province as a result of the passing a rural member in whose the opinion of this Assembly the Gov- of the amended Woodsworth resolution. there was wide diversity of economic ernment should, as soon as possible would Manitoba had been given Provincial status, the proposed new scheme after the present session, again inter- suggested autonomy in 1870, when it had a white greatly improve things. He view the Government of Canada in might fail population of only 20,000. It had been that inasmuch as the scheme an effort to arrange this year satis- denied its natural resources and financial through lack of understanding, the mem- factory terms upon which the Natural during the year and arrangements which had been amended bers ought to go out Resources may be returned to this on several subsequent occasions had been place the matter before the people. Province." substituted. In 1905 the Provinces of BAKER REPLIES TO After reviewing the natural resources Saskatchewan and Alberta had been set up CRITICS OF BILL question, commencing with the formation and their natural resources withheld for Perron Baker, Minister of Education, of the Province of Manitoba in 1870, fear that Provincial land policies might in closing the debate, remarked that it down through the administrations of conflict with Dominion immigration. Arthur Sifton and Charles Stewart, had revealed the complexity of the THREE PHASES OF problem and the diversity of opinion. He former Premiers of Alberta, to the negoti- NEGOTIATIONS took up in detail the criticisms offerecL ations carried on jointly by the tnree Of one offered by Mr. McGillivray, that Prairie Provinces and latterly by the Dealing with the negotiations of the the act might as well wipe out the local Alberta Government independently, Mr. Province, the Premier divided them into board, he would say that there was an Brownlee came to the situation now pre- three phases. Under Premier Arthur advantage in retaining the local interests vaihng and stated that he had brought Sifton the three Prairie Provinces had of th« people. Then, too, there was the matter before the Assembly throuKb negotiated jointly on s basis of the con- 20 (356) THE U. F. A. April lat, 1920

tinuation of the existing subsidies with SETTLEMENT WOULD BE tude of the Premier. He thought we compensation for lands and nninerals UNFAIR TO ALBERTA were nearer a solution of the problem now time of agreement. alienated prior to the If the Alberta settlement were on the than at any time. The question involved Opposition had been encountered in the same terms as those of Saskatchewan and not only this generation but generations East; where it was contended that the Manitoba, the result would be that the yet unborn, and it was the part of wisdom had bought these resources and East subsidy would remain at $562,000 a year to move carefully. He hoped and ex- liberal compensation if flhould receive for all time; while that of Saskatchewan pected that negotiations would continue they were given to the Provinces. The on account of being upon a population in the same spirit till a satisfactory been Premier ter- next phase had under basis would be $7.^)0,000. This the Premier mination was reached. Charles Stewart. At that time the submitted would be unfair. Alberta had Mr. McGillivray opinion was developing in the Province also briefly endorsed suffered equally with the other Provinces the resolution: as did Mr. White, who that Alberta could make more headway in the alienation of lands to the Hudson's added that unless the resources were ad- if she conducted the negotiations alone. Bay Company, railways and forest re- ministered with a view to conservation Both the other Provinces had showed a serves. The latter, which were much and proper development they might as disinclination to press their claims, pos- larger in Alberta than the other Provinces, well remain where they are. sibly on account of comparative lack of He noped were for the benefit of all three, as they that in view mineral resources. When the present of the possibihty of this were the protection of streams serving the better administration, Provincial Government came into power, the Government whole prairie area. Alberta hacl also lost would shortly and Quebec had swung round to succeed. Ontario by alienation about 25 per cent of its best belief that the Prairie Provinces should Mr. Brownlee, in concluding the de- a coal reserves; also many other sources of resources but without continu- bate, expressed gratification at the co- get their revenue in oil, etc. He believed that there subsidy. Conference* operation of all parties. ance of the cash was a genuine desire on the part of the He hoped to and the Dominion arrive in the course of a year at between the Provinces Dominion to settle the question. That complete settlement of this had taken place and an agreement was settlement should be maclc on ciuestion. the same The motion propounded that meant a return of the basis as with other was then, as stated, carried Provinces. In the unanimously. resources with the continuance of the third place, as the other Provinces had years to provide for the subsidy for three refused the terms offered to Alberta, those setting up of the necessary administrative terms could be regarded as a minimum machinery. from which to proceed to better terms. Motion re The Premier at this juncture reviewed He proceeded to give figures showing the Minimum the situation arising out of the claims of relative alienation of resources as between Wage Defeated After the Maritime Provinces as set forth in the Provinces of Saskatchewan and AJ- the Duncan Report. There followed the berta. Cabinet Dominion Conference of 1927. Two- Alberta contributed to Dominion rev- View Stated thirds of the Duncan Report had been enue out of a total of S885,941 for minerals Government Opposes Prevey Resolatioii concerned with the discussion of the the amount of $680,549. In timber and financial relations of the Provinces and grazing and minerals Alberta contributed as Interference With Duties of Board the Dominion and at the autumn session to the Dominion $1,057,041 as compared of the conference the Eastern Provinces with $329,035 by Saskatchewan and TtJESDAY'S SITTING had agreed to the return of the Western $128,383 by Manitoba. Alberta had EDMONTON. March Provinces' resources with the continua- more to gain by the return of the resources 19.—Apart from the debates on the natural tion of the subsidy and the benefits of than the other two Provinces. The ques- resources issue, the Education Bill, increases. tion before the Assembly and the Prov- and Milton Keen's resolution on tariff ince was: should the present offer be ac- reprisals, CHANGE OF ATTITUDE features of the day which are reported cepted as it stood. The Government IN OTHER PROVINCES at length elsewhere, an interesting were of the opinion that it should neither debate of Legisla- took place today on a resolution Since the last session the accept nor reject. It would take two by W. W. Prevey, (Lib.), Edmonton, as ture the attitude of Saskatchewan and years to effect a transfer. Opportunity follows: Manitoba had undergone some change; should be taken to further ciiscuss the That in the opinion of this Assembly mineral development possibly due to the question in the light of the findings of the the Minimum Wage Board should now taking place in the northern sections. Manitoba commission and the refusal of demanding consider the existing nunimum wage They were now aggressively Saskatchewan to accept the terms of- their resources. The Pre- scale, with a view to an upward re- the return of fered. At the same time it was clear that from "Hansard" mier then read an extract if great delay were to be avoided the vision of the lower classifications. that an order-in-council had set showing Province might have to make the best The resolution was defeated, after three to enquire into up a commission of agreement possible and trust the Domin- the Government had taken the stand financial readjustments necessary to the ion authorities that in the final result that its adoption would be an inter- Province of Manitoba on an place the there should be no discrimination against ference with the function for which the equality with the other Provinces of the Alberta. Board was specifically created to make with respect to the control — confederation inquiry and set such minimum wages as from 1870. He THE SCHOOL LANDS of its natural resources as were found desirable. believed that the commission was de- QUESTION Speaking on the resolution, Mr. Prevey voting itself to the whole problem with In conclusion, Mr. Brownlee dealt thought that in the a view to settling this long standing briefly with the school lands question. interests of the work- particularly question. The main question was, would the words ers, female workers in the lower classifications, The Premier proceeded to remind the "in ^accordance with the laws of the an upward revision of the wage scale should Assembly of the suggestions advanced by Province but in keeping with the spirit be made. It was also in the Alberta toward settlement at the Domin- of the constitution" take away any of interests of industry and as a whole. ion Conference. It had been of major the rights of the Province; He was society No girl could live paid importance that the school lands questions confident that the rights of the Province on the wages unless supported in should not be injected into the negotia- would not be added to nor would they part by parents or others. The low wages paid was a partial explanation tions. The Government had held that be reduced. He thought that the dis- at least of the unsavory revelations recently it was a matter entirely apart. They had cussion in the Assembly had cleared the in the city of sought an increase from the present way to settlement as far as the school made Edmonton. subsidy. Alberta had made the reserva- lands question was concerned. The im- Premier Brownlee held that to pass the tion that if the settlement were made gortant question was the settlement of resolution would be to establish a dan- with all three Provinces on the same basis, nancial terms. Some sympathy was gerous precedent. In 1925 the Minimum they could go before an independent due the Dominion Government. Condi- Wage Board had been set up. The board tribunal in order to place Alberta's claims tions in the Provinces concerned differed had been given full power to make in- for adjustment on points of law and much. He asked that the hands of the vestigation and any one could appear equity. After the presentation of these Government be not tied; but that the before it. Penalties for refusal to pay suggestions, the Dominion Government way be left open for final settlement on were provided in the act. Preparations had made an offer to Alberta including the best terms. He had been pleased at were now being made by the Alberta the return of school lands and school land the united front presented by all parties Federation of Labor for a revision of all funds, with the settlement of the Domin- in the Assembly. He adjourned the de- schedules of the minimum wage. He ion parks question on the same basis aa bate till Tuesday that time might be was not justifying the present wages, the other Provinces; and an arrangement afforded for reflection on the question. though he thought they compared well that when the financial considerations This had been an annual subject since with those of other Provinces. He was were ultimately settled there would be 1905 when the Provinces received their protesting against the attempt to make transfer of the natural resources with the autonomy, said Mr. Shaw. The Liberal the Legislature decide on this matter present subsidy but no increases. party had no fault to find with the atti- when a Doard had been especially created April let, 1929 THE U. F. A. (357) 21 for that purpose. It were better to repeal Mr. Lymburn held that so long as the paying more than its share of Dominion the act than to take the responsibility of Assembly had not heard the facts perti- excise and customs. There should be having to say from time to time whether nent to the issue it could be acting only some compensation. the minimum wage was fair or not. on opinion. They could not interfere Fred White, Labor leader, claimed that with nor give direction to the board. He McGILLIVRAY the Legislature had interfered in the thought the resolution needless. SUPPORTS RESOLUTION past. Protests had been made direct to Mr. McGillivray said that thus Mr. Prevey in closing the debate, said far the Government in connection with the tariff in Canada had been framed there were many people covered by the largely $14 minimum. The compromise of S12.50 for the benefit of the Eastern manufac- resolution who were not represented in for the three lower classifications had turer without providing any the Alberta Federation of Labor. This adequate been allowed to stand altogether too long. equivalent for the Western agriculturist was not an interest of one class alone. Employees, it was well known, could not or industrialist. The tariff history of It was of general importance. the take the initiative themselves to get a two great political parties as distinguished re-hearing. The resolution was lost by a vote of from their party pledges and pre-election J. T. Shaw, Liberal leader, contended 11 to 31, Liberals and Labor supporting speeches have been so similar as to leave that there could be no other purpose for the affirmative, the two Conservatives him without enthusiasm when elections revision than the seeking of a revision present voting with the Government were fought on the familiar battleground upwards; though it might not be effected members; M. McKeen voted with the of tariff tinkering. cases. Liberals Labor. in all or any and Mr. McGillivray proceeded to review the history of tariff in politics since 1870, when he maintained Sir John A. Macdonald had given protective tariff against the United States with the object Resolution Proposing Tariff of enforcing reciprocal relations in trade with that country. Sir Wilfrid Laurier Reprisals in 1897 had come into power on a platform Does Not Come to of free trade with the whole world. Yet in 1904, that leader engaged in the great- Vote in Alberta Assembly est tariff battle in which this country had ever been involved. He recalled the reci- Gironx and MacLachlan Amendments Propose Larger British Preference procity election in 1911. In the last election both Mr. Meighen and Mr. King had contended that we must have such intro- speaking, is the natural market, is EDMONTON, March 20.—The tariff as would safeguard our industries duction Milton (U.F.A.) Lao by McKeen barred by prohibitory tariffs; against unfair competition. The fact was, Ste. Anne, of a resolution proposing tariff "Be it resolved that this Assembly that whether called protection or safe- reprisals, obviously against the United is of the opinion that fuarding of industry, both parties in the precipitated a discussion on Tues- the Dominion States, )ominion were committed to a protective of this week into Government should be invited to take day and Wednesday tariff aiming to benefit the manufacturers all political groups plunged. Fol- which such steps (either by the lowering of of the East. The resolution before the lowing Mr. McKeen came the Conserva- freight rates by subsidy to the railways Assembly recognized the importance of tive leader who, opening with the plea or otherwise, or by the imposition of protection for farm products and he, the "all political bias be laid aside" in an a that speaker, could not see why the Western endeavor to find a solution to this pressing retaliatory tariff or by both) as would farmer did not have his home market problem, proceeded to advocate as a enable the producers of the West to protected, to the same extent that the remedy for farmers' difficulties the tra- compete on even terms in one or both United States farmer had his home ditional Conservative policy protection. — its external market protected against his Canadian George Andrews (U.F.A.) of Sedgewick, of natural markets." competitor. Tariff reduction had been seconded the resolution. L. A. Giroux Something must be done, said Mr. played up by politi cians talking in the while contending that it was a proper McKeen, to meet the need for greater West who had no intention of attempting matter for the Dominion House and that markets. He read quotations to show that to put the free trade which they espoused do well to take care the natural market of the Western States, the Assembly would there into practice. of its own business, spoke at some length, in the opinion of leaders in that country, The time had adding a little bit of French Canadian should be open to Canadian products, come to admit that the West would color, and then moved a comprehensive that there should be reciprocal arrange- not get free trade in this generation amendment, which proposed definite steps ments between the two sections, rather and for the Western farmer to seek to develop markets and lower tariff on than the setting up of a further tariff wall some protection from his United States implements of production, instead of as was now being contemplated. He competitor. He said that if he were the retaliation. He was in turn succeeded on gave figures showing an alarming decrease most ardent advocate of free the floor by R. H. Parkyn who took the in the number of cattle in Canada. Al- trade in the world he would accept the opportunity to give the Labor group berta was not only a wheat producing resolution offered. The time was very pnilosophy to the effect that instead of Province, it was at least fifty per cent opportune just now. The 71st Congress looking for wider markets the country interested in livestock and other phases of of the United States would shortly meet extra would do well to devote itself to the prob- mixed farming. in session to consider an upward of tariff lem of financial reform so as to enable its Mr. NlcKeen avowed his belief in the revision to meet the demand of the farmers of the own workers to buy more of the things principle of low tariffs, but said that it Western States. He quoted produced. The debate was adjourned on was useless to appeal to the people of from a consolidated press dispatch from Tuesday by George MacLachlan (U.F.A.) the West on low tariff for importations Washington that "Even Canada, which Pembina, who desired opportunity to when their natural market for products had got rather accustomed to being re- redraft an amendment which he had was protected against them. He read a buffed by the American tariff, had been prepared covering somewhat similar schedule of tariffs of other countries watching the congressional committee of Canadian arguments closely and that she had fround to that Mr. Giroux. On against products and cited ^''ednesday the debate was adjourned, lumber as an industry of some importance thrown the tariff on the diplomatic bar- thus preventing the matter coming to even in Alberta. Yet lumber was on the gain counter and created a considerable a vote before prorogation. new tariff schedule of the United States problem for the State Department." for upward revision. Mr. McGillivray dealt with the ques- McEEEN MOVES In the West there was much objection tion of freight rates, stating that railways HIS RESOLUTION to the subsidy principle, yet it was a should not be allowed to make unfair commonly accepted practice everywhere. profits; neither should they be forced to Mr. McKeen's resolution was as follows: If the people of the East were sincere, carry any commodity at a loss. Canada "Whereas, the home market is enjoying the benefits of a protected mar- was divided by great natural barriers of incapable of absorbing the agricultural, ket they ought to consume more Cana- mountain and rock and forest. The dian products. He instanced Alberta channels of trade were north and south; mineral, lumbering, and other products coal. If Alberta coal were good enough but to preserve Canada as a national of Western Canada; and Whereas ac- for the Ontario market, there should be a unity these barriers should be overcome. cess to Eastern Canada which, nation- subsidy for it so as to build up the in- Why should not the populous centres of the East help to bear the ally speaking, is the natural market dustry. national trans- Concluding, Mr. McKeen voiced a portation burden incident to its far flung for the West, is barred by the existence demand for water transportation conces- nature? The burdens of Canadian part- of high railway freights, and access to sions to the east for Alberta cattle. He nership should be equally borne. It was the United States which, geographically gave figures to show that the West was not a case of putting East against West; 22 (8fi8) THE U. F. A.

but ratheV that the Canadian people as a publication in Canada of the informa- preach a little careful thlnkine at this whole should cope with this ()ro>>lem so tion thus gathered. time and stand out against those who ai to ensure a contented, prosperous and fb) By increasing the number of were being moved too soon by threats utMt9d,^people. Canada's trade agents in Canada's implied from utterances during the ANDREWS ON RECIPROCAL actual and potential markets. recent presidential campaign. The TRADE WITH BRITAIN (c) By continued Federal tax re- only practical outcome of a policy of ductions, thereby reducing the cost of retaliation as far as the West was con- Canada had purchased from (he United living and decreasing proauction costs. cerned was to give manufacturers and States goods to the value of $900,000,000 (d) By further substantial reduc- other interests in the east an excuse to in 1928, said Mr. Andrews, seconder of tions of the customs tariff on agricul- demand still higher tariffs thereby the resolution. He could not understand tural implements, automobiles and all raising the cost of living and of produc- why the United States should seek to other implements and tools used in the tion in the West. create trade barriers between its people production and development of our and Canada when the people of this coun- natural resources. MacLACHLAN MOVES try were spending two dollars there for (e) By making favorable trade SUB-AMENDMENT every dollar received in return. The treaties with foreign nations whenever George MacLachlan, (U.F.A. ). Pem- live-stock industry of the West was possible. bina, held that nothing in the shape of a in jeopardy. This was on account of the (f) By encouraging where possible tariff would help so long as there was an efforts made to protect the farnrjers of favorable trade agreements witn other exportable surplus. Great Britain had the republic. The time had arrived for a parts of the empire. long been the West's best market. We greater demand for Canadian products on (g) By encouraging and promoting ought to buy more there. Nothing would the part of the people of Canada. They trade with Great Britain, and in par- bring the United States more auickly had bought $50,000,000 worth of coal ticular by giving imfiorts from the to a realisation of the position tnan to in the States last year. There should be Mother Country a further and sub- deflect the buving power of the West greater co-operation to make Canada inde- stantial preference in our home market. toward Great t3ritain. Mr. MacLachlan pendent of outside markets. The cattle offered a lengthy sub-amendment. exportations to U.S. were only one the A BETTER PLAN THAN The West, said Mr. MacLachlan, was the total cattle production per cent of TARIFF TINKERING part of a great nation extending over of that country. The Argentine was Mr. 3000 miles. It had a great exportable alarmed. The British manufacturers were Parkyn thought that tinkering was a good for surplus of things produced. Its markets awake to the opporttinity being created word tariffs. It was character- istic of tinkers were a long way removed. The cheapest in Argentine was that for every hole they that country. The freights that could be expected —we now using the slogan, "Ruy from those who mended they made another. If instead of turning had the cheapest in the world —could not buy from us." Greater consideration attention to tariffs and outside markets some regard greatly affect the situation. The United should be given in Canada to reci|)rocal were paid to the purchasing power States tariff was almost prohibitive. We relations in trade with the Mother coun- of our own people some' thing worth while could not blame the United States. We try. This discussion might do isome- would be attained. There was still fallacy had refused free trade in 1911. He read thing to help those interested in these a abroad that you can raise the status of some of the inflammatory head lines from matters in the United States to realize the a people by selling abroad the daily press of that day. // we im- situation. goods that the people of that posed a tax on cattle or grain, what gain country cannot consume. In England it would the West make? United States, OIROUX ADVISES ASSEMBLY TO was revealed that the shoemakers of The "MIND OWN BUSINESS" Leicester and Northampton were adver- a country of 120,000,000 people, had a small exportable surplus; yet that small It behooved the Assembly, said L. A. tising to secure markets for shoes in all surplus controlled the price. The only Giroux (Lib.) to give more attention to corners of the world while people by the way Canada could retaliate was on manu- completing its own pressing business and thousand in those very towns could not factured articles. Tractors were imported to leave matters such as these under dis- buy the shoes they needed. iMr. Parkyn free of duty. cussion to the Dominion House. The declared himself against tariffs. Credit suggestions of the resolution were dan- should be used so as to freely circulate What farmer would be willing to pay gerous. He read a cutting from a United the products of the country. The finan- the $430 more for a tractor, naming a States journal which said that it "might cial system was in great need of reform, to popular make, that would be required not be wiee for the United States to prevent the necessity of having to pay in the event of a SO per cent duty im- implement all the Hoover campaign five to ten per cent for money to the posed for retaliation? A Ford sedan pledges." Congress had not yet met. bankers. There was much talk of pa- made in Detroit sold in Seattle for $705 There was as yet nothing to warrant the triotism; R. B. Bennett, the Dominion the same auto made in Ford, Ontatio, alarm. Conservative leader (who had at a cer- cost $1030 in Edmonton. resolution tain crisis in political The efect of passing the would the life of Canada Was the United States to blame? It be to make the farmer pay more for his raised the cry "No truck or trade with were better business so far as the consum- implements of production. He read a the Yankees") said recently that "Canada ing public of Canada was concerned, to section from "Hansard" in French and was in need of more capital to develop pension every emploj'ce of the Ford translated it. The resolution sounded her resources." Yet Canada's invest- Motor Company at the Ontario plant, like a clause from the Dominion Conserva- ments in other lands amounted to than to keep up this tariff on behalf of tive amendment to the budget at Ottawa $500,000,000. It was at this point that the Canadian manufacturer. that the budget speech contained "no the debate was adjourned by Mr. Mac- Canada was the best customer the provisions for reasonably safeguarding Lachlan, the remainder of the afternoon United States had. Who was Canada's and protecting the interests of agriculture being taken up with second and third best customer? Great Britain. To and industry." Everybody knew that reading of bills. buy more there were far better than to the Liberal party believed in tariff for PREMIER VIGOROUSLY build up retaliatory tariff against the revenue only. OPPOSES RESOLUTION United otates. It would bring the people J. W. Frame, (Lib.), Athabasca, second- of that country to time quicker. He ed the Giroux amendment which reads: Voicing his conviction that the people moved his amendment, which was second- Whereas it is desirable anH necessary of the LTnited States were too sensible, ed by W. H. Shield (U.F.A.) of Macleod. that Canadian export trade be en- long-headed and shrewd to antagonize couraged, and that markets for Cana- their best customer, Canada, Premier SHAW OPPOSES da's surplus production should be ex- Brownlee, when the debate was resumed McKEEN RESOLUTION tended in order to promote in Canada on Wednesday, followed George Mc- Mr. Shaw reviewed, as had Mr. Mc- industrial and agricultural expansion Lachlan (U.F.A.) Pembina, and J. T. Gillivray, the tariff history of Canada. and development, and in order to pre- Shaw, Liberal leader, in a vigorous repu- It was not true that both political parties vent the waste of employment; diation of the contention of Deputy had historically the same policy. The Therefore be it resolved that this Speaker McKeen and Conservative Lead- Conservatives stood consistently for a Assembly is of the opinion and urges er McGillivray that the Dominion Gov- higher and higher tariff. The Liberals upon the Dominion Government a con- ernment should be urged "to take such had found themselves involved in the tinuance of its adopted policy of pro- steps (either by the lowering of freight system introduced by Sir John A. Mac- moting and extending our export trade rates, by subsidy to the railways or other- donald and could not get away from it. by every legitimate means in its power, wise, or by the imposition of a retaliatory Canada was advancing on the wave of a and earnestly recommends the follow- tariff, or by both) as would enable the ^reat trade expansion. The employment ing methods of securing the desired producers of the West to compete on index stood now as a result of policies in end: even terms in one or both of its natural vogue since 1922, at the highest in history. (a) By a continued and careful study external markets." It was not in accordance with the best of external rharkets by the Department The Premier thought that instead of thought of Canada to attempt retaliation. of Trade and Commerce, and by the asking retaliation it would be better to He dealt briefly with railway rat«8. The —

April Ist, 1929 THE U. R A. (859) 2S

Dominion Government wasexperimentinfl;. He thought the solution of the problem of marketing Alberta coal lay in carboniza- JOHNOeEr tion, with the resultant elimination of moisture and ash content rather than in the reduction of freight rates. Mr. Shaw thought that the resolution had been brought forward at a very inopportune time. Many interests in the Un'ted States were beginning to see the unwisdom of forcing Canada lo seek other markets. He reminded the As- sembly that Mr. Hoover had been elected on other grounds than the protection of the Western farmer. There was the In- ternational Waterways question. He could not afford to prejudice the chance of success in that great enterprise by erecting higher trade barriers against Canada. BROWNLEE SEES NO RELIEF IN RETALIATION That the difference between the two Farm-Yard Power political parties on the tanff question was that of Tweedledum and Tweedledee That Saves Time—Muscle—Money was the opinion to whi

Interests of the United Farm Women

water power development there. That Canada^s Natural Assets Must Not Pass brings forward different viewpoints of the necessity of undertaking it at once, Into Hands of the Few! of the excessive cost and the advisability of delay, of the matter being a Federal undertaking and of it being an inter- Debates in Parliament on Electrical Power Reveal "Need" (or Alert PabUc Opinion to national one, and while at first it Insist on Public Ownership was supposed to be a paying project because of the freight, etc., collected, now it is Ottawa, Ont. Winnipeg Electric. He had also leen estimated by some that the water-power Dear Farm Women: some of the Federal members before development alone will pay for the cost. last in doing it. As I pointed out week my I'hus indeed we see the coal age is letter, subjects under discussion in the Unfortunately the Manitoba Premier changing to the age of water-power House show the change in conditions. made what seems a mistake in judgment development for electricity. This country Then I cited the differences in the need when he hurriedly did this without has untold undeveloped wealth of that consulting his Le:;islature. His of technical education under the changed excuse nature and it is imperative that we be on conditions of life and the difference is that he made a good bargain; others the alert to see these great natural assets contend it is a bargain in the demands on the Provincial treas- good for the present do not pass into the hands of private but that it will be a dear one uries for roads, health, etc. for the future companies for the enrichment of the few and also that the principle " rong; and that Following the discussions that have is but are rather kept a heritage for the people it is a Cabinet Minister having a state- taken place recently, indeed em- made of Canada. phasized that this is a mechanical age ment in the House should abide by his Yours sincerely, and it shows the source of mechanical word. H. ZELLA SPENCER. power is changing from coal to electricity Some of the Manitoba members took developed from water power. Also it the stand that although they protested at shows at least a part of the country first, their responsibility ended when is awake to the necessity of protecting the transfer of the resources to the Activities of the U.F.W,A. the interests of the public, rather than Province was practically mnde. The letting private interests control our others contended that until it was natural assets. absolutely turned over, their respon- HORSE SHOE U.F.W.A. FORMED sibility did not cease. Horse Shoe U.F.W.A. Local has re- Seven Sisters Power Project cently been organized in the Monitor Mr. Woodsworth's A prolonged discussion seemed to Resolution district. Mrs. Amy Cooper is secretary. centre round the development of the Mr. Woodsworth introduced a resolu- Seven Sisters Water Power in Manitoba. tion asking that no pnrt of the natural To follow all the amendments and sub- DELIA U.F.W.A. ORGANIZED resources should be transferred without mendments intelligently is rather difficult, Mrs. M. Banner, U.F.W.A. Director, the consent of Parliament. It was later and I am not sure I can tell the story addressed a lar'.;e mectine of women in amended to "water-power" instead of absolutely correctly or not, but this is Delia on March 2nd, following which it natural resources and applied to water it as nearly as I can understand it. was decided to organize the Delia U.F. power over all the Dominion. It was The Seven Sisters Falls are on the W.A. Local. Mrs. M. A. Hewson was further amended advocating that the Winnipeg River not far from Winnipeg elected president, while Mrs. E. Dunfield control of the water power of the three and give promise of the possibility of is secretary of the new organization. Prairie Provinces should be under the advantageous development. The ad- control of the particular Province as vocates of public ownership feel they have been the water-powers in the FUNDS FOR COMMUNITY HALL should keep an eye to the future and see railway belt in British Columbia for the that they reserved for public development The memliers of Grosmont U.F.W.A. past sixteen years. So the discussions instead passing into private hands. Local are hard at work raising funds for of went back and forth and the Govern- The Federal members from Manitoba the Community Hall, says the secretary, ment finally accepted the last amend- Mrs. Geo. Cooke. They gave a card showed their attitude last session by hav- ment. ing a round robin signed asking partv at the home of Mrs. Geo. LaBranche the Beanharnois Power Project Minister of the Interior that the matter on March 17th, and are planning a big of giving a lease for the development of Then again the matter of water power dance for April 5th. The last meeting the Falls be held over until the Legis- and safeguarding the interests of the was held at the home of Mrs. Major. lature of Manitoba meet and that the people came up in the Beaubarnois Province of Manitoba be given the Power Project. CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING first opportunity to develop it, and The Province of Quebec had given a Mrs. Jochem gave a paper on co-opera- if they did not wish to do so the City of lease to the Beauharnois Light, Heat tive marketing, and Mrs. Blinco one on Winnipeg be given it, and then if neither and Power Company, subject to the organization, at the March meeting of public body wished to undertake it, the approbation of the lederal Government Energetic U.F.W.A. Local (Milk River), offer of the Winnipeg Electric Company to develop water power on the Saint held at the home of Mrs. B. Ellert. At be accepted. Lawrence River between Lakes St. each meeting, says the secretary, Mrs. The Minister said no action would be Francis and St. Louis. This was of M. E. Hummel, some article contributed until taken he saw them again and also course granting the right to a private by a member is raffled off for ten cents a informed Mr. Bennett in the House that company, but the interests of the public chance. On February 28th the members there would be no immediate action taken. were considered in that the Dominion of the Local were entertained by their It was somewhat of a surprise to some Government investigated to see if it husbands at a supper and card party, of them to very shortly be informed that would in any way hinder the canalizing held at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Martin the transaction had taken place and the of the St. Lawrence river in the future Madge. lease given the Manitoba Electric Company. and stipulated that if the canal con- The Minister's defence was that almost structea by this company were ever GRANUM MARCH MEETING needed for that purpose it would become immediately after the House adjourned Eleven members and five visitors at- the property of the public free of cost. the Premier of Manitoba had been in tended the March meeting of Granum conference in Ottawa and the natural Again we heard of water power and U.F.W.A. Local, writes Mrs. Lydia Arlt, resources practically turned over to protecting the interests of the people secretary. In response to the roll call the Province pending some final ad- in the Niagara Falls discussion which each member was required to give a justments, and the Premier had re- is to be continued later. An attempt current event and an Irish joke as well. quested that any transaction the Federal is being made to further develop water A contest—making pigs out of chewing Government should make with respect power for both the States and Canada gum and toothpicks —caused much amuse- to these particular resources should and yet preserve the beauty of the Falls ment. The meeting decided to hold a comply with the wishes of the Province, for the enjoyment of the public. whist and bridge drive on March 25th, and that the Premier of Manitoba had Then there is the perennial question and to donate a small sum monthly to- requested him to give a lease to the of the St. Lawrence River Canal and wards the upkeep of a rest room in April l8t, 1929 THE U. F. A. f361) 25

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Granutn. At close the of the meeting the only interesting but profitabU. They hostess, Mrs. Stanley Daly, served a very have been able to do something for the dehcious lunch. community as well aa gain inspiration for themselves. They have taken the beau- LONG VALLEY U.F.W.A. tifying of the cemetery as their espefial m For the endeavor. In the spring of I9'2f<, past two winters. Long Valley 150 U.F.W.A. Local has frequently served worth of carragana bushes were planted lunch in the waiting room at tbe U.F.A. there and $90 worth of poplar trees have been rink, states Mrs. G. M. Williams, secre- ordered for 1929 spring delivery. A tary; and each year the Local puts on white gate has been hung at the entrance, one or two carnivals. This Local meets making a marked improvement in the LKINC twice each month, one meeting being held apjiearance of the place. jointly with the men's Local. On Janu- 'Last August a medical clinic was ary 25th, writes Mrs. Williams, "Mr. brought to Warner, uhich performed thirty-five WDER. McKenzie, Wheat Pool field man, kindly tonsilectomies besides various , came to our school and delivered a splen- other minor operations. Two delegates did address. In connection we served a were sent to the Lethbridge Convention chicken supper and gave a dance. On and one to Edmonton, these delegates making such Sliere is fiir n^ore March 15tn, Mrs. Ross and Mr. Young, interesting and efficient U.F.W.A. and U.F.A. Directors, visited reports as to inspire the members to our Local; they each presented a very determine to put more effort into the association's work and MAGIC instructive address and left with us thus reap greater helpful hints for the Local." benefits. They indeed felt that the money spent by Convention delegates yielded BAKING POWDER an ample return. The members have used in Canada than ANNUAL ST. PATRICK'S SUPPER also been good to each other, having of all other brarids A good crowd enjoyed the annual St. give four stork showers, one misrellaneous co Patrick's Supper put on by Ridgewood shower to a member whose home had mbined U.F.W.A. Local, says Mrs. H. D. Mackay, burned, flowers to ill members and agift MADE IN CANADA secretary. "The tables were decorated to a retiring minister of the community NO ALUM with the well-known Irish emblems, and church. Irish jokes were intermingled with a few "The end of the year showed a bank E.W.GILLETT CO, LTD Scotch jokes, to break the monotony. balance of SI 76.70 and a determination TOHONTO, CAN>. The program opened with a chorus, to accomplish a great deal more in 1929." 'Killarney,' by the U.F.W.A. members: a dialogue, 'A Slight Mistake,' was well taken by Mrs. Good, Miss Stickland, H. McCulloch and M. Creelman. The chil- Evergreen trees are attractive Mrs, Pickle Writes to Locals dren of Pine Hill School sang, 'The Dear 365 days in the year. For Little Shamrock.' Then followed a play, in Battle River 'The Independeat Unmarried Women,' hedges, groves or wind- with Mrs. Morrisroe as president of this Director Urges Concentration on One or order breaks they have no and Mesdames Creelman, Johnson, Two Outstanding Subjects in Program Good, Gillette, Scott and Mackay as equal. They beau- able supporters. Another item much "Another winter has passed away and tify and add real enjoyed was an Irish folk dance. A mono- again we feel the call of spring," states logue by Mrs. E. Sveinson, a solo by C. W. Mrs. C. L. Pickle, of Hayter U.F.W.A., value to your Long, recitation IBIanch a by Ramsey Director for Battle River, in a letter to farm. and a chorus 'Come Back to Erin', were members in the constituency. "That enjoyed by all." happy optimiptic feeling which'each new spring time brings to every one, especially Prices COALDALE U.F.W.A. PROGRAM farm people. All of the discouragements Reasonable Coaldale U.F.W.A. meets each month which accompanied last year's frozen crop in the homes of the members, with a are forgotten in looking forward, in happy SPRUCE committee to look after refreshments for anticipation, to the coming year and what each meeting. A program for the year it will bring. OR PINE has been prepared, giving the names of "This is also noticeable in our U.F.A. the hostesses and refreshment committees, and U.F.W.A. Things which loomed up well stout, formed young the name of a well-known song for com- in our organization as almost insurmount- trees, 2-ft. high. Price, per munity sijiging, subjects for roll call, and able at times, now seem small and trivial. Perhaps during 50 trees, $12; per 100 trees. $20. the special business or discussion for the latter part of 1928, each occasion. The roll call subjects are with the discouragements facing us, we We will pay express to your as follows: New Year Resolutions; Val- may have allowed ourselves to become station providing you clip this ad. entine Verses; Irish Jokes; What Flowers indifferent to our great movement, but and return it to us with your order I Grow Most Successfully; Helpful Hints; now, with melting snow and sunshiny and remittance before the 15th of Summer Salads; Maiden Name and First days, we find ourselves taking new in- terest, heart, April. Catalogue mailed free. Beau; Pickle Recipes; Names of Members new and feel a firm deter- of Parliament; Hallowe'en Pranks; Things mination to put all our forces to work We Are Thankful For; Christmas Carol. to keep our U.F.W.A. up to the highest West End Nurseries January and February meetings were point of efficiency and membership. taken up with Convention reports; for CALGARY "Is your Local working to help to March, the subject for discussion was make our movement an irresistible force? Education; for April it is Health; for the "What are KODAK FINISHING May meeting, Mrs. Halverson and Mrs. you doing to make your Local the influence for goe4 that a EVERYTHING IN PHOTOGRAPHY Grunewald will contribute readings; Peace U.F.W.A. Local should be ia a com- Return Potlafe Paid on All Work and Arbitration, Legislation, and Immi- gration, for discussion during munity? We have been doing photographic work in are down Calgary for years and employ none but experts the year. Other interesting items are: "Are you taking an imtereat Im public in our laboratories "Fortune-telling," by Mrs. Dane and affairs? Mail your laork to W. J. OLIVER "Origin of Hallowe'en and Guy Fawkes' "Are you giving the JuMiers the lusport 128a Eirhth Avenue West. Calgary, Alta. Day, by Mrs. Norton. Mesdames they need? Those are a few ei the Myers, Pnestlej', Thompson, Wells, Win- questions we should ask ourselvea. frey and Davidson will give musical num- "In planning your program for the bers at various meetings. coming year, may I take the liberty of CANCER warning against undertaking too much. and I'umors succesf fullr treated A VERY ACTIVE LOCAL Better take one or two of the questions (removed) without knife or pain. All work RTiarant^ed. Come, or "Warner U.F.W.A. Local has just com- which our U.F.W.A. is interested in and write for free Sanatorium book pleted its second year," says a report concentrate on them. You know the old Dr.W!LLIAM.S SANATORIUM from the secretary. Mrs. Bernice Rains. saying—'Better far to understand a few 525 Unrrerjily At., Minnespolii, Minn. "The sixteen membera find the work nof^^ things thoroughly than a smattering April lit, 1929 THE U. F. A. (863) 27 knowledge in a great many Bubjeots and no real knowledge of any.' "I am anxious to know how your Local ft«l about the new pool assignment forms for membership fees, and if you are availing yourselves of this opportunity "01 Proven Merit" to get the fees in early this year. "In closing let me thank you for again doing me the honor of electing me your Director, for the coming year. I appre- ciate this more than I can say. I shall in try and profit by my experience and to the best of my ability, perform my duties as your director this year. "I am looking forward to visiting all the Locals this summer, but fee! I must go first to those I did not have the pleasure of visiting last year."

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6^30 6448. Girls' Dress. Cut in 4 Sizes: 8. 10, 12 and 14 Wholesale Distributors: years. A 10 year size requires 2 1-8 yards of one material 36 inches wide. HOYT HARDWARE Limited If made as pictured in the large view, collar, binding and belt will require LETHBRIDGE, Alberta 1-2 yard of contrasting material 36 inches wide. Price 15c. m 6430. Ladies' Dress. Cut in 7 Sizes: 34, 36, 38, 40. 42, 44 and 46 inches bust measure. A 38 inch size as pictured in the large view, requires 2 7-8 yards of 40 inch material. If made with sleeves 3 5-8 GLASSES yards will be required. The width (Single Vlaion) of the flounce at the lower edge with To Fit Your Eyes fulness extended is 3 yards. Price Quality the Best ISc. Examination ffC Included Seasonable Recipes $7.50, $10 and up Successful Years In Calgary. Sv AUNT CORDEUA AbMiutely reliabi*. SO Years' Experience—16 S. ALWYN BARTLETT s4cun.t. - wkdnbsdat Salmon SouSle with Spanish Saace: ALBERTA OPTICAL CO., LTD., ISS Eighth Ave. W. Dciteirs. (Ctlgij.) ff you want, to "spin out" a can of 28 (364) THE U. F. A. April lat, 1929 salmon to its utmost, or to dress it up for in small tins, and are inexpensive.) Elmer Burr, George Luco and Jack Coup- a special occasion, the following recipe, land. On February 15th a Valentine A delicious Salad Dressing to serve witn its rich sauce, will be found worth masquerade dance was held in the very with » fruit salad is made as follows: the trouble of making. Remove bones prettily decorated hall and a fine attencl- Beat the yolk of an egg in a double boiler, and skin from a can of salmon, separate ance was recorded. During the evening add quarter of a cup of maple 83T>ip and into flakes and add 1-4 teaspoon salt, two boxes of chocolates were raffled and cook about one minute until it thickens. 2 teaspoons lemon juice, and a little were won by Miss Shearer and Billy Add a pinch of salt and fold in the juice paprika. Cook 1-2 cup bread crumbs Coupland. On March Ist the Juniors of half a lemon, lastly one-half cup of with 1-2 cup milk; add salmon, then the put on a play entitled, "Enter Dora, Exit whipped cream. yolks of 3 eggs, beaten until thick; then Dad," which was very entertaining. cut and fold in the whites of the eggs, Golden Glow: A simple dessert. It Those taking part were Fred Rallingson, beaten until dry. Turn into a butteretl requires 1 pint milk, 1 package lemon John and Michael Buco and Molly Coup- dish, set in a larger pan of hot water, and junket, 1 cup stewed apricots, 1 egg white, land. At the regular meeting on March bake in a moderate oven until firm. and 1 tablespoon sugar. Prepare half 6th, Mr. M. L. Treng, of Lethbridge, For the sauce, melt 3 level tablespoons the milk and junket, according to direc- spoke on "Planning and Beautifying a butter; add 3 level tablespoons flour and tions given on the package; pour into Model Irrigated Farm." blend well; add slowly 1 cup milk and five individual dessert glasses; rub the 1-2 cup cream, stirring constantly; bring stewed apricots through a sieve, and MAKE PRESENTATION 1-2 to the boiling point; then add teaspoon sweeten to taste. When the junket is A very jolly surprise party was held on salt, pepper to taste, and 1-2 cup pimentos firm, add a layer of apricots; then pre- March 12th w hen some thirty members of strained and mashed. (Note: Chopped pare and add the balance of the milk and the Beddington Junior Local gathered at instead of hard-boiled egg may be used junket. When firm, add the beaten egg the home of Charlie Scott, w ho is leaving the pimentos, but the latter add a good white, mixed with 2 tablespoons of the the Beddington district, to wish him God- deal to the dish. They can be obtained apricot pulp and 1 tablespoon sugar. speed and good luck. During the evening, which was spent in playing games. Miss Irene Barker, president of the Local, on behalf of the members presented Mr, Scott with a verv handsome cigarette case U. F. A. Junior Activities expressing in a few well chosen words the regret of the Local at losing one of its Watchword: SERVICE Motio: EQUITY oldest members, and wishing him success and prosperity in his new home. At the last meeting of the Juniors, Mr. Buster ference Week this year; with so many University Week and the Junior Evans was elected vice-president to take contests to add spice to the fun; with Mr. Scott's place, and arrangements were Conference the alternative course in history and made to hold a dance on March 27th. literature offered; we are expecting and Fine collection for non-response to the Roll Dear Juniors: hoping that there will be a large increase Call was seventy cents. It was decided We have just mailed to all Junior in the number of young people attending that the play which the young people Secretaries information regarding the the University this year. Don't forget were working on should be postponed eleventh Annual University Week and to register early this yea^ and to send until July Ist. we ask that the members of the Locals five dollars to Central Office as soon see that this is brought up before the as you possibly can. We are looking EAST LETHBRIDGE ACTIVE Local at the next meeting. forward to the best Conference we have East Lethbridge Juniors are taking ever had but it will take the co-operative This year something new is being the course and have had many effort of all our Locals, Senior and Junior reading tried at the Conference, as you will Lethbridge and district alike, to accomplish this end. speakers from see by the little folders sent your Fraternallv vours, give talks on literature. Manv interest- Secretary. The Household Economics EDNA HULL, ing meetings have been helff and the Department is offering short courses Secretary. young people have enjoyed hearing of in cooking and sewing. The course iir some of tne great poets, authors and cooking includes canning and preserving, actors. During the winter, talks have jelly making, vegetable, egg and fruit CHESTERWOLD JUNIORS been given on Pauline Johnston, Colonel dishes and salads. The course in sewing On Friday evening, February 22nd, the McCrae, Drummond, Walter Allward. includes simple stitches and finishes. Chesterwold Juniors held a get-together Margaret Anglin and Archibald Lamp- Students taking the cooking course are dance in the Mound Red School, this being man. The Seniors arranged a series asked to take aprons and those taking the first social evening of the New Year. of house parties for the young people the sewing course are asked to take There was a gratifying attendance, as who spend the evening in listening to thimble, needles, scissors, thread and nearlj' every Junior was present. A large a chapter or two of "A People's Best," material for a simple cotton garment. homemade grain tank and four horse and in playing games. Interest is added For the boys there will be a grain team was employed to convey a large to the reading course by the talks judging contest, and Locals that are number of the crowd that had farthest to given by prominent men and women of sending boy delegates should see that go to the party. A most enjoyable time the district on the different people they are prepared to enter this contest was had and the evening proved to be one mentioned in the books of the course, and this is something that every farm continual round of merriment. and the Juniors themselves have given boy should be interested in and able to splendid talks on the lives of some of do. The Alberta Wheat Pool is offering BISMARK JUNIORS our great Canadians. Debates are also three prizes for this contest—first prize much in favor with the East Lethbridge is fifteen dollars, second prize, ten dollars, The March meeting of the Bismark Juniors. Jean Dow and Tommy Chap- and third prize five dollars. Come on Juniors was held at the home of Miss man recently gained a victory over boys, and show the Wheat Pool and the Leone Hoar, on March 5th. The main Eva King and Chris. Snowden in debat- University how much we appreciate business of the evening consisted of ing, "Resolved that the tractor is superior this opportunity. making arrangements for the dance and to the horse for farm work," the decision concert which was to be held on the 15th. being in favor of the tractor. Country Two New Events After practising for the concert, lunch life versus city life will be debated at Besides these two new events on the was served. The St. Partick's dance the next meeting of these very active the program of an already full to over- and concert was a real success and amply Juniors. flowing week, a new course is being repaid the Juniors for their labors. The offered to those who have attended program consisted of a play, two dia- the University Week before and are, logues, songs and chorusesr piano solo, a An Englishman Who Has therefore, familiar with the lectures song and dialogue and the Irish Jig. After and lessons given there. This new paying all expenses a balance of a little Renounced His Title course is in literature and history. This over seventeen dollars was realized. is a splendid opportunity for our boys About the time when a member of and girls and we hope that many of the the Canadian House of Commons was boys and girls who have attended the TWO-IN-ONE OFFICERS seeking to persuade our Parliament to University in previous years will return At the annual meeting of the Two-in- pass a resolution which might have again this year and take this advanced one Juniors the following officers were meant the restoration of "titles of honor" course. elected for 1929: President, Samuel Mc- in Canada, a young Englishman at With so many new and interesting Whan; vice-president, Tom Coupland; Cambridge University who had inherited eveota added to the program of Con- secretary, Molly Coupland. Directors: the title of "LordEnnismore ", ae5iouipice

his renunciation of the title, and decided that in future he would use the family surname. That young Englishman is now known as Mr. Hare, and, like a Wrappers from great many others who have been brought up in the enjoyment of special privilege, PEARL SOAP has come to hold the belief that the wealth with which he has been endowed will Now be redeemed is not in justice his, but belongs to the for beautiful community of working people who have laid the basis of all the great fortunes. A few other young Englishmen of title have recently renounced their titles, and decided to devote their lives to the FREE GIFTSI removal of the social injustices which are today so glaring in all industrial nations—in Great Britain and in the United States—and also, it must be said, in Canada, where exactly the same forces are at work as in these more highly developed countries. The Canadian House of Commons happily defeated the resolution to restore Also Save Coupons from titles in Canada, and we shall therefore Royal Crown Soap be saved from the creation of an artificial Royal Crown Cleanser aristocracy of titled rich men. We Royal Crown Flaked Lye shall be saved from one of the tempta- Royal Crown Soap Powder silly snobbishness. It is pleasing tions to a JIF—Fine, fluffy, flakes to think that Canadians as a whole (at any Coco Pumice Soap FBte the majority of their representatives Witch Hazel Toilet Soap in Parliament) share the opinion of Golden West Washing Powder the great British dramatist, Bernard Golden West Ammonia Powder Shaw, who once said, very truly, that titles merely serve to make inferior men seem great, while really great men refuse titles, because "they are jealous of them." A False "Patriotism" Mr. Hare, the former Lord Ennismore Send one Pearl Soap Wrapper and one Royal Crown Soap referred to above, had recently some Wrapper and receive Free Voucher Worth Five Coupons and wise things to say about a certain kind new 1929 Illustrated Premium List with Special Values. of so-called "patriotism," which he considers to be a great evil. It is the THE ROYAL CROWN SOAPS LTD. WINNIPEG patriotism of the man who says, "My country, right or wrong." He thinks this kind of patriotism is due to false teaching in the schools, and writes: "Look at the upbringing of the British child. At home his father or uncle tells him how he fought for this country ^^NEWCANABIAN in the Great War, or in the Boer war; he plays with tin soldiers in scarlet uni- forms and learns to 'beat the Germans.' At school, his history books tell him FabricforWoRKCwTHES/ about the magnificent exploits of his fellow-countrymen against the Boers, Only the CONQUEROR is made of CONFEDERA- the Zulus or the Arabs. . . . And TION BLUE DENIM—a closely woven fabric of he is adult he listens to the jingo when long fibre cotton, dyed by a special process a speeches of leading politicians. The Mid-blue shade. And you get the most advanced child, the Italian German child, the French practical features designed to give the maximum the same way. OVERALLS child, is brought up in just value for the minimum cost. Askyour dealer for it! Then, when the perpetual economic con- ^SHIRTS flict between members of the ruling class MONARCH OVERALL MFG. CO. LTD. in different countries, or between them WINNIPEG - - CANADA and their colored serfs, comes to. a head, the workers are ready to be sent to the BTef7 C*n«verar slaughter house, a foreign battle-field, shirt U finlahed to die, as they believe, for their country. The workers have not yet learnt that most of these 'patriots' are fooling them. There are' only two waj s that I can see for breaking this obstacle —one is the education of the people, the other, con- scious international action, political and economic." Whether we accept Mr. Hare's views or not, it is certainly worth our while to know that some men who are students of w&at is going on in the world have come to hold these opinions. Great English poets, like Shelley, said similar things a hundred years ago, and made themselves very unpopular but today many of these men are recognized as the genuine patriots of their generation. And it is interesting to note today that the opinions of Mr. Hare are supported on this subject of true and false patriotism by so distinguished an Englishman as Arthur Ponsonby, M.P., who as a boy 6U (350) THE U. F. A. April lat,

was a page in the court of Queen Victoria, of prices drawn up by eleven dentists UNUSED RAILWAY and afterwards spent a great part of his in f^airly large towns in Ontario. Prices GRADE life in the diplomatic service, who became in AUierta were out of proportion to the Chris. Pattinson, (Labor) Edsoa, Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs in a ability of large numbere of people to pay. secured the endorsement of tht Assembly British Government, and has been men- lie had known people to travel from for a resolution asking that title and tioned as the probable choice for Foreign Southern Alberta to the United States and interest of the unused grade of the C.N.R. Secretary in the next British Cabinet. pay the expenses of the trip by saving and G.T.P. railways between Evans- Mr. Ponsonby, by the way, has written on dental work. It was a matter that burg and Jasper be turned over to the entitled a book "Falsehood in Wartime," greatly affected the health, the life, of the Province, so as to enable the Province which has created a great stir, and which community. He did not believe that it to use the same as a highway to tbs everyone who really wants to prevent would seriously affect the dental pro- Jasper Park boundary. another war occurring, would find it fession. O. L. McPherson supported the resolu- interesting to read. HOADLEY SUPPORTS tion. o VIEW OF PROFESSION o The Minister of Health said RESOLUTION PROPOSING TARIFF that he was glad of the unique opportunity of Government Will Care for (Continued from page 23) saying something in defence of a pro- importations and exportations in cheese, fession. He agreed with the necessity Aged Teachers butter, eggs, and potatoes, and protested of giving cheaper service to the people that Canada ought not to permit the who were unable to pav, but he would Premier and Lang Confer, and Amended States farmer to supply United the Cana- not support anything that would lower Resolution Is Result dian people in this way without attempt- the standard of the profession. He to hold that market for our ing own was anxious that the people should have Although in its original form the reso- farmers. the best. Only a few of these men cared lution introduced by Hector Lang on the Mr. MaoLachlan's pro- sub-amendment to advertise. He had a petition against subject of a pension fund for teachers posed development of export trade by: the bill from Medicine Hat which only was not acceptable, for reasons cited in "(a) an immediate and substantial one dentist had refused to sign. (Mr. the report of proceedings in the Legisla- reduction in the British preference as a said Smith he had one to the contrary.) ture of March 12th, it was accepted in towards freer relations step between Mr. Hoadley stated his intention to revised form later in the week. Canada and other nationsj establish a dental clinic in Edmonton In this form it consists simply in a "(b) substantial reductions of customs as soon as the new hospital wing was recommendation that fair and reasonable taritf on agricultural implements, auto- completed. The clinics would give rovision be made for teachers who have articles in the mobiles and other used service at terms which people could ad long service in the profession. Pre- production of the of products Western afford to pay and the deficiencv, if any, mier Brownlee, in the original debate, Canada; and would be met out of the public purse. pointed out that the Government were a vigorous policy of extend- "(c) more Circuit advertising in small towns and not in a position to commit themselves to ing markets for the surplus production villages took the loose cash out of those a general pensions scheme, without further of the Prairie Provinces. places and made dental work for the investigation, but said that every con- Forster Gordon adjourned the debate profession unprofitable there. He had sideration would be given to genuinely to the apparent relief of all, with the refused to introduce the bill as Minister needy cases. possible exception of the Conservative of Health and he could not support it. The Premier and Mr. Lang accordingly left the leader. Mr. McGillivray chamber G. H. Webster, (Lib.), Calgary, sup- conferred, and the following amended and was not present when the prorogation ported the bill. He thought that the resolution, unanimously adopted on March took place. The adjournment meant the best interests of the people could be Hth, was the result: ending of the resolution. served by letting them know what they That this Assembly is of the opinion o were going to have to pay. He objected that the Minister of Education make to any class of men having the right to inquiry into the cases of teachers who, Legislature Against establish a close organization which having rendered long service in the would enable them to charge what they profession, are unable to continue on wished. Advertising by the account of ill health or old age and C. L. Gibbs endorsed the Bill. He should be authorized to make such Dental Profession thought that a scale of charges would provision for such teachers as in his be better than high pressure advertising opinion, after inquiry, may appear fair and gave instances which amused the and reasonable. Resolution by W. C. Smith Defeated Assembly. by Narrow Margin C. Y. Weaver said that the dental profession was not as eminent as other EDMONTON, March 18.—Debate on professions; but Canadian dentists were Premier on Work of Agent a resolution moved by W. C. Smith, acknowledged to be among the best in the U.F.A. member for Redcliffe, pro- the world. Those who advertised in Generals Office posing to amend the Dental Association the professions were not usually the Act to permit advertising, found George most reputable. Advertising and display British Interest in Alberta Never Greater, Hoadley, the Minister of Agriculture could make anything attractive, even Declares Brownlee whose work for public health has brought an undertaking parlor. him into conflict at times with pro- J. F. Lymburn also opposed the bill. EDMONTON, March 12th.—Several fessional interests, on this occasion on He asked which was the greater menace times during the present and former the side of the professions. The resolu- to public well-being —prices that tended sessions references have been made by tion was defeated by a small majority. to be prohibitive or low grade work? Liberal members in the Legislature to Moving the adoption of the resolu- the appointment of Herbert Greenfield tion, Mr, Smith reviewed the action "A RED HERRING" THINKS as Agent General for Alberta in London, of the Legislature in 1927, when the FRED WHITE the suggestion being made that the section prohibiting advertising had been Fred White thought that Mr. Hoadley oflBce was a sinecure; today Premier struck out of the act. It had been had dragged a red herring across the Brownlee replied, very strongly empha- thought at that time that this would trail. The establishing of clinics was sizing the importance of the work at- permit dentists to advertise prices, etc., another matter from the thing in hand. tached to this olHce. but this had been proven false by events. Whether a man did or did not advertise During the debate on the budget the He cited the case of a dentist who had was no criterion of the value of his work. Liberal leader, J. T. Shaw, when chal- been put to the expense of securing He asserted that the Minister had given lenged as to where he would commence counsel and spending much time and assurance of the establishing of dental paring down to save expenditure, replied, mone^ to answer two charges. On each clinics previously. It had not yet been ''At the London office." occasion when the case was about to done. On February 7th under the name of come to court it had been withdrawn. When the question was put a . tanding J. W. Frame, Liberal member for Atha- It looked more like persecution than vote was taken, the count being so close, basca, questions were asked as to the prosecution. The proposed amendment twenty for and twenty-two against, that costs of maintaining this office, including would do positively what the Legislature a record was demanded. The vote details of expenditure with special re- had intended in 1927, but had only done finally stood at twenty-three to twenty- ference to the English boys being sent negatively. Mr. Smith outlined the four five, the loyalty of the treasury benches out to the schools of agriculture. Several additional provisions which protected defeating the bill. The three Conserva- references were made to the matter in the members of the Association against tives present voted against the bill also, connection with the engaging of lady unfair advertising. Ha showed a aohedule but other party lines were orossed. dootore for rural work. Tnis continuu April l8t, 1929 THE U. F. A. (367) 81 niping culuminated in an open attack on Tuesday tvening, Marrh 5th, when the appropriation for salaries of the Licensed by the Dominion Government and Registered under the Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Colonization Branch was being con- Alberta and British Columbia Insurance Acts. sidered in committee of supply. George H. Webster (Lib.) moved that the vote of $9,815 be cut in half. This he admitted would mean the closing of the office in The WAWANESA six months. The motion was defeated. Mr. Webster had been backed by the Liberal leader, J. T. Shaw. Both these members questioned the value of the MUTUAL INSURANCE CO. returns received for these expenditures. Mr. Webster thought thi? "pension of the Canada's Largest Fire Mutual •x-Premier was far too costly." Premier Brownlee in a vigorous reply charged the Liberal group with having the London office prejudice against FINANUAL STATEMENT for y«ar •nding and wondered if the attitude were any reflection of dislike on the part of Canada Slst December, 1928 House to the Provinces having representa- tives of their own at the heart of the ASSETS LIABILITIES empire. He spoke at some length on the work of Mr. Greenfield; of the Cash. Bonds, etc. 18.732.31 Reserve for Unearned lectures he gave before the public of Assessments, Premiums $ 146.972.46 Great Britain; of the publicity issued Unpaid 55.858.74 Losses Unadjusted. 19,782.18 from his office; of the guidance given to prospective settlers; of the connections Premium Notes Accounts Payable. 76.59 made with business interests; and the Unassessed 1.503.201.40 for Pol- definite attraction of English capital SURPLUS toward investment in Alberta. Many icy Holders' Pro- of the results, said the Premier, were tection 2.5 10.% 1.22 of an intangible nature and would take time to show. He would say, however, $2,677,792.45 $2,677,792.45 that interest in Alberta was never greater in England than at present and that the London office was of great value. 0 C. D. CORBOULD. C.A. EEFUSE TO SELL TO U.S. TRUST ST. JOHN, N.B.,— Power Trust propa- ganda to the effect that "public owner- Cash Surplus over Liabilities $1,007,760.82. •hip sentiment is on the wane in Canada" is evidently deceivinc even some of the Total Assets for Policy Holders' Protection $2,677,792.45—an large power companies of the United increase for 1928 of over $191,000.00. States. Imbrie and Co. of New York sent Business written in 1928—$61,948,173.00. representatives here recentlv in an effort New to purchase the Government-owned water Total Insurance in force $152,282,509.00—an increase for 1928 power development of New Brunswick. Premier Baxter stated that the concern of $17,746,246.00. ought an exclusive franchise to dis- tribute electric energy in the Pro\ince. The Wawanesa Mutual Insurance Company has more fire insur- When this was refused, the company ance in force in Western Canada than any other Company operating offered to purchase the Government hydro-electric development at Musquash. in the territory. The Wawanesa Mutual is the best example of This was also dec lined. successful co-operation in Western Canada today. It has saved its When the present Government took office one of their first acts was to transfer members nearly 50 per cent of their premiums for 30 years and de- the power development of Grand Falls serves your active support. on the St. John River to the International Paper Co. Since then efforts have been made to secure the St. John IIy

ELECTRIC POWER AND CAMPAIGN FUNDS - In an editorial discussing the recent revelations in conner-tion with the Seven Sisters deal in Manitoba, the Red Deer Ship Your Grain Advicale savs: "Premiers will have their to ersonally hands full if they endeavor i TO 8uper^ ise all branches of the party w ho are willing to accept funds from power interests, or other interests seeking consideration from Government and Legis- lature. The clean, straight, minor busi- UNITED Grain growers ltd. ness interests may realize some day that the tremendous power of the mergers of capital which are welded and linked BANK OF HAMILTON CHAMBERS LOUGHEED BUILDING together, bijj men having stock in 25 to 100 companies which assist, support and WINNIPEG CALGARY f»rotect one another because of these oint interests, should be replaced by the Get the fullest possible protection more democratic systems of public owner- ship and state operation and control." 32 (368) THE U. F. A. April 1st, 1929

NEWS FROM ALBERTA DAIRY POOL HEAD OFFICE Official Information tor Members of the Alberta Co-operative Dairj Prodncers, Ltd.

To U.F.A. Locals To the Cream Producers of Alberta We trust that every U.F.A. Local will take an interest in increasing the Which System of Marketing Will You Use? Points About the Two Systems. membership of the Dairy Pool in view of the fact that it was the U.F.A. We have now come to the time of the year when a great many of our organ- ization that brought Ifie Dairy Pool into in farmers will be starting to ship cream again. As the past nearly every being in the first place. Full information farmer who is shipping cream will receive soUcitations from various creamery can be received by writing to either the companies pointing out the advantages and merits of shipping cream to the Northern Alberta Dairy Pool, Edmonto»; The Central Alberta Dairy Pool, various independent creameries. This brings us to the question of whether Alix, or the Southern Alberta Dairy Pool, Calgary. the produce dealer system of marketing or the Co-operative system will Remember the Pool pays the full market pay the producer the greatest returns for his produce. prices for cream, pays the express charges, Every farmer, if he is shipping cream, has got to decide on using one of and returns to tne producers their pro- rata share of all the profits earned in the these two systems in marketing his cream. It is therefore the duty of every manufacturing of their cream into butter. farmer to give some thought and study to this all important question. Let If you are shipping cream we are counting us assume that both systems have equal support from the producers and are on you to ship your cream to the Dairy each financed and managed efficiently, then why is it in the interests of every Pool, which is owned, controlled and operated by the Dairy Producers the Co-operative system in preference to the private dealer of farmer to support Alberta. system? Some of the Reasons the soundest possible basis. The reason Some of the reasons for supporting the for this statement is because the Pool Is co-operative system are as follows: has adopted the policy of concentrating Our System Like the volume at strategic points. After all, 1. A Co-operative marketing organ- in any creamery business it is volume New Zealand System ization aims to divert the ordinary profits that earns profits or losses. For example, of the dealer system from the pocket to manufacture 100 cans of cream into We were talking the other day to one of the dealer into the pocket of the butter per day it requires so much of our new members who had returned producer. machinery and creamery equipment and to Alberta after spending a year and a 2. A Co-operative marketing organ- so much labor. If that volume be in- half in New Zealand. He said, "Over in ization aims to put the savings of a more creased to 150 cans the same amount New Zealand the creameries are all efficient marketing system into the of machinery and the same number of worked on the co-operative plan just producer's pocket. men can handle the extra fifty cans at hke we are starting to do in Alberta. co-operative marketing organ- 3. A no additional expense to the creamery. There the creameries are owned by the ization strives to stabilize the prices by It is on account of the fact that we have producers and it is a small creamery that orderly marketing. such a large volume of cream concentrated doesn't make 1,000,000 pounds of but- 4. The co-operative marketing organ- at Edmonton, Alix and Calgary that we ter. This large volume manufatcured in ization aims to secure for its members are able to make butter on the most each plant is one reason why they can higher prices for superior quality and efficient and most economical basis. ship tneir butter 12,000 miles and sell it service. cheaper than we want to sell ours, "rhey Another important factor in connection Largest in the Province find that dairying pays the most when with the new Dairy Pool is that with the Every business worth while has been the producers get together to see that large volume received the proper grading built by men of courage who have had their butter is manufactured at the low- for churning purposes can be earned out confidence enough in a new idea to put est cost." whereby the Pool can make the highest it into action. This applies equally possible quality of butter. The same conditions of manufactur- well to our present Alberta Dairy Pool. ing butter prevail in Alberta. Every Those are some of the reasons why Through the confidence of the cream creamery that is operated at a loss and we feel that every cream producer should Eroducers of Alberta and the sound is not really needed means that the not only give his support to the Pool by asis on which the present Alberta Dairy prices that the creamery operators can shipping his cream but should encourage Pool is organized, we are now in a position pay the producers will be just that much others to join in this great co-operative to state that the three Pool units operat- less. That is, the price will have to be effort to place our dairy industry on an ing at Edmonton, Alix and Calgary, are low enough to take care of the costs of equal basis with the dairy industries of the three largest creameries in the Pro- running the unnecessary creameries. Denmark, New Zealand and Australia, vince. sticking together and shipping their where co-operation is the basis of the During the past few months it has cream to one central point such as Ed- dairy industry. been easy to get new members to join monton, Alix or Calgary, the producers the Dairy Pool on account of the fact are bound to have enough volume so as that the Pool is now on its feet and going to operate on the most economical basis strong. It has paid the full market MEMBERS WHO COUNT and thereby obtain more for their cream price for cream received during the past than they can in any other way. When year and in addition was the first to Some farmers will sign a co- a farmer's feed supply is reduced he consider that it was the duty of the operative contract if they think can't afford to keep as many cows as he Creamery to pay the express on all it is a death decree for the middle- could when he had an abundance of eream received. This is true co-operation man. feed. because the express charges are pooled Others will sign if they imagine What Happens? and all members receive the same returns it is like writing a letter to Santa If he does what happens? Well we irrespective of where their shipping point Clause. all know from experience what happens. be located. It has been admitted Still others will put their John may The cow does just what a creamery by both those in favor of co-operative Henry on a contract if they believe operator does. She keeps her own marketing and those opposed to it that they are going to be able to hold back warm first before she puts any- the new Alberta Dairy Pool is operating the consumer. up thing in the pail to help pay tne farmer on the soundest possible basis. Last — the only farmer who BUT for hjs trouble. So with creameries. The year it paid, in addition to the market price, counts in a co-op. is the fellow farmer's cream has first got to stand the from 3 cents to cents more per lb. for who signs up in full realization 3J cost of keeping the creamery alive. If butterfat to its members in the form of the Tact that he is going into there is any profit left over and above of dividends. business and that be is going to the cost of operating the creamery then get results only by doing his full Why Basis Is Soundest it can be returned to the farmer in high- share of the job. From "The For those who are not yet shipping — er prices. We all know that the cow to Minute Book." the Pool it might be well to point out why that can produce the largest amount of the new Pool organization is operating on butterfat at, the lowest cost per pound —

April 1st, 1929 THE U. F. A. f369) 33

All-Steel—Bigger Capacity Boxes— 'Hyatt" Roller Bearings— Alemite Lubrication Immense Strength—^Light Draft New Steel Cockshutt No. 8

COCKSHUTT always leads. This drUl working parts you are assured of light draft. was a great success last year and ii you Grain boxes hold 2 to 4 bushels more than want bigger returns from your crops ordinary drills. All adjustments are easily

you should certainly investigate it. made. Working parts are accurately machined and fitted. An outstanding example of real The new steel Cockshutt No. 8 has many improvement and progress in the manufacture splendid improvements. Steel construction of farm implements. If you are considering a throughout— light, yet tremendously rigid and new Drill this spring, be sure to see this strong. Axles turn on 6 sets of "Hyatt" Roller wonderfully-improved machine at the nearest Bearings, and with Alemite Lubrication in all Cockshutt agency.

Built in 20, 24 and 28-run sizes for horses or tractor and in a tieu) 36-run size for tractor only. Ask our nearest agent or write our nearest branch for our illustrated folder on the Cockshutt No. 8 Steel Drill. COCKSHUTT PLOW COMPANY LIMITED

Winnipeg - Regina - Saskatoon - Calgary - Edmonton 91

MAKE FARMING PAST

SEED BUYERS Help Your Paper WE TAN YOUR HORSE HIDES into soft, We require a few carload of clean Warm Robes. BEEF HIDES into No. 1 SEED OATS and SIX-ROW BARLEY. Harness Leather. Work guaranteed. Send liberal samples, state variety, ad- by buying where possible vise quantity for sale, and give g^ermiBa- from the firms that ad- THE BRIG MAN TANNERY tion if possible. vertise in The U. F. A. STEELE. BRIGGS SEED CO. LIMITED SASKATOON, SASK. Retina S^k. S— —

34 (370) THE U. F. A. April iBt, 1929

is fhe row that will make the farmer the East. AIpo that China has been buying most money. The same with creameries. wheat in England because of 9 Chinese HOLT The creamery that can produce the boycott of everything Japanese. This largest amount of butter at the lowest statement is not correct. The Wheat cost per pound will pay the farmer the Pool is not bound to sell exclusively to the Combined most money. Of course thai t« provided Mitsui or any other company in the Orient the farmers own the creamery. and sales direct to China this year have Harvester This advice from a man who has jvist been larger for the same period than any come back from a country where the other year. farmers know both their cows and their creameries fits in perfectly with the for Send to us ideas that the members of the Northern, Information on Central and Southern Dairy Pools are A Co-operative Succeeds— that This wonderful nutting into service. The more IF and WHEN members have sufficient farmers get the same ideas and join with Time and money confidence in their association to ignore them in this great enterprise the greater Saver for farmers. the occasional tempting offers of private will their success be. And by success dealers. we mean the returns we can get for IF and WHEN members can talk as in- milking our cows. telligently about the plan and purpose Tractor of their organization as about the pro- Union & ductive operations their own farms. NEWS FROM ^\-HEAT FOOL on IF and WHEN the foimdation of co- Harvester Co. Ltd. (Continued from page 14) operation is not solely a promise of entrance to Prince Rupert were improved Ave. 8th St. W., Calgary profits, but a convirtion that co-opera- 9th & by the placing of two lights, it would be tion will bring the best possible returns ossible to have the nine-rence differen- J under the circumstances. tial removed and the saving effected in this way would make the shipment of IF and WHEN members ignore rumors and always seek the facts of the business LIndquist grain through this port cheaper than via Vancouver." from headquarters. Rod Weeder ^ IF and WHEN the management knows the common pitfalls of both private and FOR YOUR ATTENTION co-opora(ivc business enterprises and Large numbers of U.F.A. newspapers seeks constantly to avoid fhem. are being returned by the postal authori- IF and WHEN each member seeks to ties for the reason that members have benefit from his own skill in produring changed their addresses. These papers hitrh-auality products and realises it is are being taken off the Pool mailing list only the top notchers of quality that and cannot be put on again except by can expect top nof'-h prices. equip- A complnte steel machine, fully the request of a member and upon receipt ped with everything necessary to do the GEO. F. JOHNSON. best work. Can b« set at any depth and of his correct address. raised above the ground for transportation. It may be that some members are all wearing Easy to operate, positive drive, receiving two copies of The U.F.A., A great executive is one who has the parts are reduced to the minimum, while still while those parts that generally give trouble and because of the fact that they are both wit to keep other men do cause delay are entirely eliminated. Solid Pool and U.F.A. members. In order to the work insteaed up "The outlook for 1929 is especially with the British attitude towards Russia. You Cannot Cut favorable, primarily because our know- The British sell their goods to cannibals, ledge of the essentials of successful co- brigand tribes in Asia, unprincipled Out Bog Spavin operative organization is continually in- natives of all descriptions, in fact, to any creasing and because the number of set or class or sect or racial division any- —or thoroushpir., but yoii can clean them off promptly and thorouRhly with Ab.sorbine farmers who appreciate the importance of where in the world except in Russia. and work your hor.se d;;i 'ng thp treatment. This the movement is growing." The British may disapprove as much as powerful antiseptic linirrjtnt not blister does or they like of Russian political methods and remove the hair. SJ.-SO—at your druggists or general merchant's. Booklet free. 79 ideals, but that is no reason why they W. F. Young, Inc., Lyman Bids., Montreal Wrong Information should not do business with them. As far as the propaganda carried on by the In a syndicated article written by Bolshevists in other countries is concerned, George M. Murray for the Routham news- if it has any dangers, it can be dealt with RBINE )apers, a statement is made that H. W. by dealing with ike cause of the conditions iVood entered into an arrangement with which create the danger much better iKan Reduces the Mitsui corporation of Japan for the by forcibly repressing the Inflammation' erpressi»n ojf m exclusive sale of Pool wheat in the Far unacceptable theories. — —

Aprfl Isi, 1939 THE U. F. A. (371) 35 Tbe most CHEERFUL TASK

Weeks or months of toll—then "pay dirt"—^and the combine life. Power in the combine engine to handle miner tirelessly shakes and rolls his pan in the cheer- heavy threshing. ful task of saving the glinting grains of gold. Resolve this year to get the most out of your grain Harrest time is pay time for the grain grower—grain crop. You can do it with a "Caterpillar" Tractor and is his golden reward — and a "Caterpillar" Tractor a Holt combine—both in sizes and with equipment and Holt Combined Harvester o^er the best insur- to meet every kind and condition of grovmd, grain ance of a prompt and speedy harvest. and grade—both sold by the "Caterpillar" dealer Power in the "Caterpillar" enf^ine and sure traction see him. in the "Caterpillar" tracks to keep the outfit moving smoothly, steadily — unfaltering in heat or hills Caterpillar Xractor Co. dependably, economically. EXECUTIVE OFFICES: SAN LEANDRO, CALIF. Thorough, vigorous agitation in the separator of the Sale* OJSfieat: Holt combine to give grain-savingefficiency. Strength Pe6ria, lUinoU - 50 Church St., N. Y. - San Lcandxo, Colifonia in frame, body, wheels and header to withstand rou£;h Holt Combined Harvesters travel — to insure carefree operation— to give long Russell Road Machinery "Caterpillar" Tractors

TRACTOR

MODEL 38 MODEL 34 MODEL 36

10 foot $1595 12 foot $2100 16Vi foot . $2420

12 foot $1635 15 foot $2145 20 foot . $2485

ALL PRICES F. O. B. STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA maREGISTERED TRAOE-MARK COMBimD HARVESTERS

Central Garage, Medicine Hal, Alberta The Albert Olson Co. Ltd., Regina, Sask. Douglas Bros., Roselawn, Sask. Peace River Tractor & Equipment Co., Edmonton. Tractor & Ec[uipment Co. Ltd., Grandb Prairie, Alia. Edmonlon, Alberla Powell Equipment Co. Ltd., Winnipeg, Man. Lange Tractor & Equipment Co., 206 E. Superior St., Duluth, Minn. lLheliTaiCioT8lThTes\ievCo.,Saskaloon,Sask. Morrison Tractor & Equipment Co. Ltd., Union Tractor & Harvester Co. Ltd., Vancouver, B. C. Calgary, Alta. 86 (372) THE U. F. A. April iBt, 1920

NEWS FROM THE HEAD OFFICE of the ALBERTA LIVESTOCK POOL Official Information for Members of the Alberta Co-operatiTe Livestock Producers, Ltd.

wiU. "Why misuse a good customer?" States might be pinched more than Successful Pool Meetings the Wall Street Journal asks. "The Canada. short-sightedness of this should be ap- Must Indeed Be Sickly During the week of March 11th to parent to anyone producing or manufac- "The article referred to tabulates the 16th, Fred McDonald, director of the turing goods of any kind, including farm agricultural products exported from Can- Central Board, held a successful series products. tariffs Such merely earn the ada into the United States in the fscal of meetings in the Cardston district. A ill-will and lessen the purchasing power of year ending March 31, 1928. The total considerable number of farmers sifrned one of our most important customers." amounts one-third of one per cent of the Local Association contract. This to The Wall S'reet Journal tells the man our agricultural production. American district is joining with the Southern Al- who raises wheat, or oranges, corn or agriculture must indeed be weak and berta Co-operative Association at Leth- cotton, the carpenter, the iron puddler, sickly if a trickle of that size threatens bridge. the manufacturer, that a foreign trade to engulf it. Behold an elephant with balance on the right side means markets uplifted trunk and flattened ears, fleeing for their goods, Recently H. N. Stearns addressed and employment for the in terror from a mouse. worker. meetings at Spedden, Mallaig. Elk Point, "The more of such trade we "But to complete the picture the ar- have the will Lindberg, and F.einburg. These meet- greater be our demand for ticle also tabulates the agricultural pro- ings were well attended, particularly the labor, as weil as for the canital and enter- ducts entering into Canada from the prise, meeting at Spedden, where there were and Canada buys from us almost United States in the same period. The twice as as sells approximately 250 people present. Great much she to us." total is actually more than Canada sells interest was manifested at all of these In another article Mr. Smith writes: here of such products. The question then meetings, and a general feeling of strong "Canadian papers are taking seriously is, of what is our agriculture afraid? support to the Livestock Pool. the demand for increased tariffs on farm "Canada also has the right to enact products demanded by agrictdtural in- tariffs. Apparentlv she intends to defer terests appearing before the house com- tariff changes until some time after our Stearns On Friday, March 15th, Mr. mittee on waj-s and means. An article legislation is completed. It is easv to held 8 meeting at Duchess. There was has been going the rounds of the Canadian understand the reason for this. If Cana- a large attendance at this meeting. The press giving figures to show that the dian products are obliged to climb over a Brooks Association handle shipments of farmers of the United States would re- high wall to get into the United States, no livestock from this point. Great interest ceive no bene^^t whatever from a hieher gates will be made in that wall to permit as well as the in the local association tariff even if it were prohibitory. There American goods to get into Canada. A selling organization was in evidence at are other facts, also, to be considered, few painful lines of barbed wire mi^ht be this meeting. The Brooks Association is leading the careful man to the belief that stretched across the top of the wall that steadily increasing its membership, and in the event of increased tariffs the United we build." volume of business. At this meeting a number of ranchers expressed themselves as being strongly in favor of the co-opera- tive marketing of livestock, and it is expected that in the not far distant future, Pool Field Organization Work and a considerable number will avail them- selves of the services of our organization. Other Pool Problems

A. B. Haarstad^ Second Vice-President A Report Presented to the Annual Convention of the Alberta Livestock Pool, by of the Alberta Livestock Pool, was one H. N. Stearns, Vice-President of several guests entertained by the U.F.A. Local Ponoka Board of Trade and Co-operative marketing of livestock well, if not better than any so far organ- at a very successful banquet held at calls for a different form of organization, ized on the American Continent, I believe Ponoka on March 15th, when 300 persons both locally and in the selling end of the after having made a study of the situation, were present. Mr. Haarstad gave a business, from any other co-operative and having obtained the opinion of re- general outline of the history of the Pool assembling and marketing organization sponsible authorities from south of the and its structure and methods and plans handling any other farm products. For border, that we have built our co-opera- for the year, and urged all present to get instance, in regard to our wheat, when tive livestock marketing organization on behind this co-operative marketing enter- the Wheat Pool was ore-anized in 1923, the most solid foundation known up to prise which the farmers have launched. and we were ready to deliver the crop for the present time. But even if we are in Dean Howes, of the University of Alberta, the purpose of marketing, there was this favorable position, we cannot avoid gave a most interesting address during practically no chanee necessary locally. admitting that we have certain weaknesses the evening, and Mr. Scott of the Alberta We delivered our wheat to the local ele- in our organization. In making the fol- Department of Agriculture described the vators as usual, with whom the Wheat lowing survey, I wish to mention the fact work which is under his jurisdiction. Pool had made arrangements to work that the situation is under review from a under contract. In the case of the Dairy Provincial wide viewpoint, and not from o Pool, we deliver a can of cream to the the local viewpoint. local railway agent, consigned to the At the present time we have 34 local Fear Farm Tariff May nearest unit of the Dairy Pool, and prac- Associations, in connection with the tically the same thing applies to the Central, over which you have complete Cause Loss of Goodwill marketing of eggs and poultrv, but with control, in this, the Annual Convention. livestock the situation is entirely different. Each one of these locals has certain prob- with In a recent despatch to the Calgary John Jones or Bill Smith cannot deliver lems to meet and deal common to instance, local Herald and Edmonton Journal, C. O. one, two or three head of cattle, or a the others. For admini- organization, Smith, Washington correspondent, de- wagon load of hogs at the local shipping stration, system of assem> shipments, accounting, etc. But clares that there is growing apprehension point, and consign them to our selling bling of of stock pro- among many of the United States interests organization for sale, unless they are on the other hand volume of the loss of goodwill which they fear prepared to meet the necessary expense in- duction varies as between Associations, will follow in the wake of the adoption of volved in transportation charges, which also transportation facilities, opposition trucks, that the proposed drastic increases in the in less than carloads would be ruinous. from local buyers, etc. So tariff against farm products, including Consequently, we require a form of or- in some respects what will apply in the livestock. Mr. Smith writes in part: ganization that will meet these conditions case of one Association will not always do in another. Therefore our organization There is growing evidence in the press and give the required service on -a cost problem is a rather complex one. of this country of appreciation of Can- basis. ada's feeling towards the proposed tariff Most Solid Foundation A Successful Tear changes. More weeklies and dailies are In making a statement that we have Last year, being the frst in which our appearing with articles pointing to the developed a form of local organization organization had complete control of its danger of loss of Canadian trade and good that meets these conditions, equally as own affairs, has proven to be a successful April 1st, 1929 THE U. F. A. (373) 37

one. The Board found it necessary to follow a more or less conservative policy Steel in conducting the business of the organi- MasScvi 'Harris All zation, and consequently we were not able to carry on country organization PowcrEift Brill work as extensively as we would have liked to have done. However, with the 20, 24, 28 arid 3S Run Sizes assistance of our Manager and President, the majority of the local associations in WithlheLightStwmMassetf Mortis M.n DriUs the Province from the'south to the north of Peace Fiver have been visited and Seeding Can Be Done dicker and Betten assisted with their problems where neces- MASSEV-HARJRIS SPEED is the nccwrity of the present times, and seeding u one of the sary, in some cases two or three times. most urgeat operations oa die farm. Fast work can be done wii^i This \^ork has been carried on at a CENTRE lEEO Massey-Harris No. IX Drills. They have great strength yet are com- DELIVERY .paraciveiy light ia weight and their seeding mechanism is unequalled minimum cost as the financial statements for accurate, positive sowing. will show. DOUBLE DISCS LIGHTER YET STRONGIiR—Steel frame, neel boK, and steel wheeU give Massey-Hjuri* No. 1 1 Drills lightncBs wUh great strength. Being much tighter Chcy While the majority of the locals are in a ore easier to pull ia soft ground. Being stronger they wear longer.

strong healthy condition, and giving good ACCURATE SOWING -The feed runs on Massey-Harris No. 1 1 Drills 4t pcf service, there are a few that have either fecdy. Seed b itowa accurately and positively without being bruised or crushed. DURABLE GRAIN BOX—Unlike wood bores, the stee! boxes on Massey-Han-U stood still or slipped back, owing to poor No. 1 1 Drills will not rot, warp or crack tinder exposure to the weather. Abo, th& service from the Association, caused by alignment of the feed rurvs is always maintained oil the«« steel boxes, where^a. whea 4 wood box becomes old and rotted it is pr^iccically impossible Co keep Che lack of a clear conception of the prin- teed roiu ^cccwed up to their proper position. INSURE GREATBST ciples of co-operative marketing, or in- YIEED AZ-EMITB U;BRICATI0N—Easy, quick and effective oUing Is provided by the FROM SEED SOWN Aleimte System. Just push the gun and the oiling is done. Long wear and ea.sv difference to their responsibility as to running results. U>MCT.Hurl* No. 11 Dria Centra )S«J ft'Jveryr Min management on the part of local officers. tbc K«i iwi at TWO WHEEL DRIVEN POWER-LIFT—Power Is suppUed by both wheels co the {root of A« brariag or r; ih« Massey-Harris No. 1 X Power-Llft Drills. Thus the operator has control of ih-i ttas hut When one or more of these locals get into at the ececre of (h« dh^ raiting and lowering of the furrow openers at all t'mes. Power being supplied by where the fiuTow b *vidc*c x\d both wheel the v^orU lifting is distributed this position it reflects on the organization Sg of evenly Vrithno unequal straia oa the drill as is the case with lifts operated by one wheel only. as a whole. Our opposition do not hesi- A* » fwuli, M-sd town hy * Mswr^' SIZES Am STYLES—Maseey.Hvris No. 1 1 DriUe can be had with hand lift in tate to use this as propaganda against lUrri^No. 11 DriU produces kkger 14, 16, 20, and 24 run sizes. Fower'Uft Drills cao be bad to 20, 24» 28, acd •od bener crops. AU ^ te-d gcu 33 run $ixci. Single Discs, another Association that is functioning to che bifUora of die fiirrcw acd u Dmifole Diwii Hoes, cniered. properlv in a district far removed from where the uoimue will iiuui* qukk geraiaedoa, bealihy ^vwth Ai!t Yci^f Loail where the difficulty exists. tB4 aaifona ripcfOB^ Mcssev-Hcrris /JCrtf At the present time the Central body or nearest RrAuA for full PurmrMais, have no authority to take control of a local Association and set it going right, and in some cases it is almost impossible to make progress. Therefore, it seems highly desirable in the best interests of the organization as a whole, that the Convention give the Central Board auth- ority to deal with such situations when they arise. While the Board do not in any way desire to dictate to the locals, experience has proven that under certain circumstances, the authority asked for is necessary. Local Accounting The problem of accounting in the locals MASSEY HARRIS CO LIMITED is one that should be developed along THE SERVICE AJR>I OF THE CANADIAN FAB.M uniform lines, until the same system is ESTABLISHED ratT WINNIPEG BRANDON HEGINA • SASK-AXOON SWIFT CUiytlENT KiORKTON EDMONlflN used by all of the locals. Standardization CALGARY VANCOUVER TQIVONTd MONTHEAL MONCXON - AqentUsEycrj'H.lKiL in every direction possible should receive our most serious consideration. The question of audit, that has been before us for some time, seems to be nearer a solution than ever before. As mentioned in the Board Report, organization of a Co-operative Audit Bureau, operated on a cost basis, should prove of great value Buildings to our organization, and would eliminate Your the dissatisfaction that exists in some instances on account of local audits where If you are thinking of build- trading statements and analysis of costs ing a new barn, or repairing have not been provided to the member- your present buildings you ship. A sj'stem of this kind should re- will do well to get informa- ceive the whole-hearted support of our tion about membership. The trucking problem is one that so far we have been unable to deal with to any great extent. Up to the present time farmers in the territory surrounding Steel-Clad Edmonton and Calgary seem to be con- tent to ship direct to the plants by truck, on the assumption that they receive a higher net return, especially in regard to BARNS hogs. This is disproven by our Man- possible by the use of steel. Less ager's report on hog marketing. It is Safer and stronger buildings are made quite evident that a trucking system will labor is required and the buildings last longer. Steel-Clad buildings resist have to be developed to meet this situa- Fire—defy Lightning. Hail and Rain does not affect them. tion, controlled by the producers them- selves. If you want reliable Information on how to make your The subject of local manager's commis- buildings Better—Stronger and Safer, write today for the sion is one that is frequently discussed Barn Booklet. It will savo yoa monay. among the members in the local Associa- tions, and it would seem desirable to give STEEL LIMITED consideration to the possibility of work- WESTERN PRODUCTS ing out a uniform commission for all WINNIPEG that sufficient Associations would provide Calgary - Edmonton - Reglna - Saskatoon - Vancouver - Victoria r«muneration for services rendered, and —

38 f374) THE U. F. A. April l8t, 192«

at the same time would not be unduly the taxes to be received with confidence STUDY high or unreasonably low. by the rank and fie of the tax-i)ayer«. CO-OPERATION Where Volume Is Small Smaller Divisional Area AT HOME A consideraHe number of requests have In our opinion, the Divisions are alto- rome to the Central, for fervire from gether large in to enable the In order to too area farmers who reside in distrirts where the Board to meet to<'ether and transact volume of stock is too small to operate business and, generally, to direct regularly Understand the Consumer's Co-op- an assoriation successfully. Fome means the administration of the Division, except erative Movement must be found to extend service to them it be at considerable expenditure of effort as soon as josBible. In some districts and time of the members of the Board, Become a more Intelligent member misunderstandinR exists amoni; members with attendant heavy expense. We con- or Director of your Society, or ns to shinping costs per cwt., particularly sider an area approximately one third of in regard to hops. Where one associa- this would be a much more facile unit: Prepare for employment in the Movement. tion's hoRS are sold on home weights and it would then be approximately as large grades, the local charges, including selling as the average legislative constituency. TRAINED CO-OPERATORS. TRAINED commission, are shown and in an ad'oin- As previously suggested, we believe DIRECTORS AND TRAINED WORKERS ing association that shifts to the terminal strongly in local autonomy and consider ARE NEEDED IN ALL SOCIETIES. market, the local and terminal charges that the unit of administration for taxa- are both shown on settlements, and the tion and all eeneral purposes should be For parlleutarM wrtlt difference is not always easily understood the Division, leaving it free to set its own CO-OPERATIVE LEAGUE by the members. mill-rate, anpoint its own administrative CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL During the past year, I have had an and surervifiory officers (subiect to the opportunity to discuss matters of local approval of the Department of Education) I67a West 12th St. New York City mnnagement with a considerable number appoint and nay its own teachers, and of local managers. The general opinion free also to adapt the system and course was that a managers' con''erence held of studies, reasonably free from Depart- apart from the Annual Meeting, where mental domination, except in so far as the problems of management alone could be Denartment serve as a brake on "unwise discussed between themselves and the and extreme" experimentation. We sub- manager of the selling organization, would mit that exnerimentation is more or less be of considerable bene^'t, and would im'^racticable while the whole system is MAKE WAR ON SOW THISTLE lead to a better understanding in regard under Departmental control; it is uni- with Chl^man'i to dealing with local problems. I trust versally accepted that the larger the unit this Convention will give this matter of organization, the less possibility there serious consideration. is of adaptation of local requirements to The result of the past year's efforts as meet local needs. Under the projected The famous Atlas Non-Poisonous Weed Killer regards organization work has been a plan, with Divisional Superintendents and In Powder Form steady tightening up of the locals, and a Supervisors all anpointed by the Depart- Alberta and Saskatchtwan Dcpartmpnta of A!

rith jrour crop this year. Send d< for then, surely, the best method of fnancing j'et been shown conclusively that a latest d^riptivc folder. such areas should be by means of arrang- system of taxation of these centres, if WESTERN IMPLEMENTS LTD. ing for payment of government grants in brought under the act, could not have inverse proportion to the assessment been devised whereby they could 1200 Scarth St. Retina per be room, and oy equalization grants.) assessed in a manner so as to make them a C3) The General Board, consisting of the bear just share of the cost. twenty chairmen of the Divisional Boards, Details Which Are Fandamental BOYD'S will not be a directly elected authority It may be urged that our criticisms of and will likely be viewed with suspicion OICYCLES the scheme are chiefly respecting the on that account alone: it is somewhat of methods of imrlementing or putting into AT LOWER PRICES an innovation in British institutions effect its details. We feel, however, that Tires, Coaster Brakes, a complete break from tradition and Wheels, Iriner Tubes, Lamps, many of the details (so called) criticized practice—to have other than directlv Balls, Cyclometers, Saddles, are near fundamentals. If so much cen- Equipment and parts of Bi- elected boards functioning as tax-levying tralization is necessary and cannot be cycles, You can buy your sup- authorities. plies from us at wholesale avoided if any reform is to be established, price s. Catalogue free. /4) A Province-wide tax-levying auth- then it might be more logical to go a step ority iuch as the General Board seems to further and have a T. W. BOYD & SON completely state-gov- be too far removed from those who pay erned system of education, by letting the —

April let, 1920 THE U. F. A. f375) 39

Government fix a Provincial educational tax through the Legislature itself ; make all teachers civil servants and anpoint and pay all enpaged in the Provincial system. Will You Lose Your Opportunity The schools thereby would be scarcely further removed from control by local This Spring r parents and ratepayers and there would De only two l)odies dealing with schools You have decided to improve your property by tree planting the Department and the rural school this season. board (fur capital expenditures only) instead of four— the Department, the We are the largest growers of Trees, Fruits, Shrubs and Flowers and General Board, the Divisional Board in the Province. the rural school board. All Stock Guaranteed and Express Prepaid. Our Land- We do not think this at all necessary; we are convinced that slight amendments scape Department is at your service. the Minister's proposals would preserve to Our trees are grown on the bald Prairie None Hardier. the principle of local autonomy and gov- — ernment from the "bottom up" rather The season is at hand. Write at once for Special Prices. than from the "top down": e.g. elimina- tion of the General Board idea; making the Divisional Boards fone third or one half the suggested area) the unit of ad- Wtattvn ^mstvka Himittti ministration with full jurisdiction in regard to taxation, operation of schools Nurseries: Brooks, Alta. Offices: BIdg., Calgary. and appointment of their own supervising Burns officers with the approval of the Depart- ment, also the inclusion of the towns, villages and consolidated school districts. This, in our opinion would give the great- est "flip" that has ever been given to dollars' worth of will protect education in any Province in the Domin- A few Paint buildings and increase their velue. ion and, at the same time, while making PAINT your PAINT it more acceptable to the people of the HARDWARE-TERIA SAVES YOU MONEY, Province, exist as a living monument to HOUSE PAINT lb.; pure dry Imperial Green at 28c per the foresight, ability and competency of lb.; the pure Boiled or Raw Linseed Oil the first U.F.A. Minister of Education. Buy from Hardware-teria. Calgary, at 98c per gallon; the best Royalite Coal the highest quality Noble's Pure House Oil at 22c per gallon; the Coal Oil you Paint in the following colors: Cream, probably can buy from your local Grocer Buff, Light Brown, Medium Brown, at same price; a 5 gallon can eosts 65c Chocolate, Red. Sky Blue, Light Grey, Several New Features extra or a large steel 45 gallon drum Dark Grey and Black at $3.32 per gallon. costs $3.87 extra. in Motor Vehicle Act Shutter Green and White are $3.85 Hardware-teria Saves You Money. pergallon. Driver Must Have License—Insurance They are also put up in half gallon, VARNISH STAIN quarts, pints and half pints at a slight Compulsory Only When Cars for Hire Brighten up your home with Varnish extra cost. and Varnish Stain. Buy from Hard- For a house they suggest cream for Everybody is interested in these days ware-teria. Calgary, the well known the body with white or light brown for of automobiles, either as an owner and Diamond Varnish and Diamond Varnish trimmings: also light gray with white or driver or as a pedestrian in the regulations Stain in Light Oak, Dark Oak, Walnut dark grey for trimmings; also white with governing the use of these modern and Mahogany at 19c per 1-4 pint; shutter green for trimmings. vehicles. The bill presented at the 32c per half pint; 54c per pint and 87c Hardware-teria Saves You Money. recent session by Hon. O. L. McPhcrson, per quart. Minister of Public Works, entitled, "An BARN PAINT Hardware-teria Saves You Money. Act to Amend the Vehicles and Highway Traffic Act, 1924." warrants therefore Make your own Bam Paint, 4 lbs. of ALABASTINE passing mention. pure dry English Red Oxide mixed with more than Brighten up your walls. Buy from one gallon of pure Boiled Linseed Oil Hardware-teria. Calgary, Kalsotone, the Principal Provisions makes the best Bam Paint. best hot or cold water wall paint at 59c This bill, which becomes law on the Buy from Hardware-teria. Calgary, per 5 lb. package. Give us the Ala- of July of 1929, provides that pure dry English Red Oxide at 9c per first day bastine color number in selecting colors. motor vehicle on lb. and pure Boiled or Raw Linseed Oil no person shall drive a Hardware-teria Saves You Money. he has a driver's, at 98 cents per gallon. A 5 gallon can a highway unless Buy from Hardware-tc'ia, Calgary, chauffeur's licen.se. The regu- costs 65c extra or a large steel 45 gallon dealer's or the best decorators' white lead at $3.87 lations governing this enactment include: drum costs $3.87 extra. per 25 lb. keg. Do not use poor White be issued to any Hardware-teria Saves You Money. that no license shall Lead. The pure Turpentine at $1.32 sixteen years of age; but person under per gallon; in small qucmtities add 5c person over the age of fifteen shall SHINGLE STAIN that a for the container or 24c for a one gallon in contravention of the not be acting Make your own Shingle Stain. Mix can. Do not use Turps instead of pure driving a motor vehicle act, who, while 3-4 gallon of pure Boiled Linseed Oil Turpentine. person sitting beside is accompanied by a and 1-4 gallon of Coal Oil with the Hardware-teria Saves You Money. him who is the holder of a driver's license following: BRUSHES and is engaged in teaching the said person 3-4 lb. pure dry Lamp Black for I Minister refuse a to drive; that the may gallon black shingle stain. Buy from Hardware-teria, Calgary, chauffeur's license unless satis- driver's or 2 lbs. pure dry English Red Oxide good quality set in Rubber Brushes: competency fied of the physical and other I gallon Shingle Stain. for Red The 15c Varnish Brush, I inch, for 9c. the applicant to drive without danger I of 2 lbs. pure dry Turkey Umber for The 35c Varnish Brush. IJ in., for 19c. public; that the driver must carry to the gallon Brown Shingle Stain. The 40c Varnish Brush, 2 inch, for 22c. it his license with him and produce when for I 2 lbs. pure dry Imperial Green The 50c Vamish Brush. 2J in., for 38c. peace officer or inspector; demanded by a gallon Green Shingle Stain. The 85c Paint Brush. 3 inch, for 43c. that a person convicted of an offence under best shingle These make the very The $1.00 Paint Brush. 3i in., for 54c. act have his license suspended or this may stains. The $L25 Paint Brush. 4 in., for 69c. time as the police cancelled for such a Buy from Hardware-teria. Calgary, The 75c Kalsomine Brush, 7 inch, justice of the peace magistrate or may pure dry Lamp Black at 29c per lb.; for 43c. the suspension or can- think fit; and that pure dry English Red Oxide at 9c per The $130 Kalsomine Brush, 6 inch, in force until the cellation shall remain lb.; pure dry Turkey Umber at 14c per for 83c. Minister makes an order shortening the term of suspension or cancellation; that Hardware-teria saves you money. Get Hardware-teria, Calgary, pricea the fee for any license shall be fifty cents; on Builders' Hardware, Building Paper and Roofing. and that it shall remain in force unless Hardware-teria will ship CCD. subject to inspection. suspended or cancelled till the first day 40 (376) THE U. F. A. April l8t, of January following the year for which it was issued. Former Deputy Minister's Report on Another innovation so far as this Province is concerned is the issuing of permits for three months in any one year Alberta Power Field to persons applying within seven days to a license issuer or a member of the Sarvey Made by K. Bruce Baxter for Alberta Qovernment. Alberta Provincial police, providing that such person habitually resides outside the The report of R. Bruce Baxter, former The report deals with water power sites Province and has complied with the Deputy Minister of Telephones, on a at some length. Six are stated to be as regulations concerning motor vehicles and survey of the electrical power feld made yet undeveloped on the Bow River west licensing of drivers obtaining at his place by himself for the Alberta Government, of Calgary. These include Spray Lakes of residence and carries a certificate of is summarized below. The renort was and Lake Minnewanka, with a combined the same with him. Stickers will be presented last summer, before Mr. Baxter capacity estimated at 150,000 h.p. There provided covering these permits and resigned to become General Manager of is also a possible power site at Arrowwood, must be displayed upon the windshield the Calgary Power Company. It was southeast of Calgary, of approximately of the motor vehicle. laid on the table of the Legislature at the 60,000 h.p. The points to be considered recent session. north ana west of Edmonton within about Liveryman's Insurance 200 miles are Rocky Rapids on the North AgKregate Reqairementa Another important section provides Saskatchewan and two sites on the Atha- that all vehicles used by a liveryman in The aggregate requirements of the basca north of Edson. These could be his business shall be insured by an insur- towns and adjacent rural areas, if all developed at a reasonable cost. The ance of such an amount and covering such could be serveci, amounted at the present Bow River plants, however, would take risks as the Minister may prescribe. time to about 70,000 h.p., stated Mr. care of requirements for ten years; at Failure to keep the vehicle insured or to Baxter. Power was used for the follow- the end of which time attention could be comply with the other provisions of the ing purposes in Alberta: domestic light- directed to the Northern sites. act renders the license liable to suspen- ing, cooking and heating, electric anpli- Approximately 62,000 h p. is being used sion or cancellation. Persons employed ances, grain elevators, mining operations in the Province at the present time. Rates by a liveryman as chaufleur of passenger and a few other industries e.g., the for power outside the cities and with the vehicles must hold a permit in cities and Canada Cement Company. isolated steam plants are from 18c to 30c towns, the permit being issued by the If the Calgary Power Company's plant per k.w.h. for domestic lighting. In the mayor, and each month the liveryman were taken as a basis and all the pro- territory covered by the Calgary Power must furnish the mayor with a list of jected extensions for 1928 (the date of the Co. the rates are 10c and grade down such persons employed. Fines of not less report is July 5th, 192S) taken into ac- from that according to the amount used, than twenty and not more than one count, the general Province-wide scheme states Mr. Baxter. The same rate is in hundred dollars are provided; or imprison- would require at present a generating vogue for farm lines; but the farmers ment for not more than six months for a capacity of about 44,500 h.p. With the have been required to pay for the entire liveryman who in a town or city employs increase in the use of power at lower rates cost of lines whether on road allowance any person as a chauffeur of a passenger and an average increase of population or private propert}', used to supply power vehicle who is not a holder of a valid over the period, the requirements by in their district; the Company taking permit, or who himself is not the holder 1930 would have reached 69,000 h.p., care of equipment and operating and main- of a valid and subsisting livery man's by 1935 to 88,000 and by 1940 to 104,000. taining lines. license. The survej- had been based of necessity Not Compalsory for Private Owners on a lower rate than prevailed in some Passes Lightly Over Service Chargt sections. Those in effect in the towns further with the question of In the bill as originally drafted the Dealing south of Calgary were therefore used. section above referred to did not specify rates the report passes lightly over the Lower rates encouraged a more generous the any class of motor vehicle and the im- service charge levied by Calgary use of power. "Rates in effect" says the pression got abroad that there was to be Power Co. by saying that it "has the effect report, "discourage the use of power in rate during some months compulsory insurance of all motor vehicles. of increasing the many places and for that reason power the year." In a table appended, In its ultimate form the compulsory in- of is not being used to the extent that it might surance was limited to passenger vehicles setting forth consumption and revenue in Alberta conditions were more favor- used by a liveryman. if figures in several towns served by the able." Calgary Power Co., units of consumption No person shall permit anyone who is Water Power Plants high not a nolder of a driver's or chauffeur's have been used "sufficiently to em- derived from service license to drive his motor vehicle. The water power plants now operating brace revenue on the Bow River have a capacity rated charges." No figures shwing service The provisions of the act with respect at 32,000 h.p. To these must be added charges are given. These tables show a to insurance of livery vehicles and the Calgary steam plant with a h.p. 10c rate for Commercial users of 60 and chaufTeur's licenses come into force on capacity of 14,000; the steam plant at 70 k.w.h. and a 9c rate for domestic the day on which the act is assented to; Lethbridge of 3500 h.p. and that of the consumers at 25 to 30 k.w.h. Street and the remainder of the act on the first City of Edmonton of 25,000 h.p. This lights at an average monthly consumption of July, 1929. does not take into account the develop- of 33 k.w.h. are tabulated at the 10c rate; Some discussion arose in Committee of ment of the Mid-West Power Company while elevators with an average of 500 the Uhole with respect to the age of at Drumheller or the power supplied to k.w.h. come in at 5c. drivers. Fred White, Labor leader, the town of Blairmore in the Crow's Nest W'ater storage requirements on the Bow thought that the age limit ought to be Pass by the East Kootenay Power Co. and River receive the comment that "it will set at sixteen without any qualification other smaller isolated plants throughout be necessary to get the question of either as to teaching prior to that age. The the Province. Spray Lakes or Lake Minnewanka de- Minister of Public Works thought it was About 38,500 h.p. is being used at pres- cidedf with the Dominion Government." advantageous to allow a year in which ent in the district under consideration. The effect on scenic beauty it maintains to teach a boy or girl of fifteen to drive. The load is growing fast and more will would be Uttle. It would be necessary Otherwise they would be legally entitled be needed by the end of 1929. The Ghost to place a man on the job to check rivers to drive without the safeguard of pre- River project on the Bow River, 12 miles 'continuously for possible power sites. liminary teaching at sixteen years of age. west of Cochrane will be finished by that The report closes this section with the It will be seen that this act brings the time and will produce some 20,000 to explicit statement that "from the infor- Province of Alberta into conformity with 30,000 h.p. In the winter months the mation we have now we are satisfied the regulation for the driving of motor water power plants cannot supply more that suflScient water power can be de- vehicles in many other Provinces and than 50 per cent of their rated capacity. veloped to take care of the Alberta re- states of the Union. Steam plants have therefore to be brought quirements for a good many years." N.F.P. into play. o Present plants and those under con- Check Made in Five Sections was made on five sections of REGULAR SERVICE struction will take care of the situation A check till 1932. It would be necessary then to the Province contiguous to the following Inquisitive Old Lady—Where did those increase the storage on the Bow River towns: Fort Saskatchewan, Camrose, large rocks come from? and add to the generating equipment. Lacombe. Vulcan and Claresholni, using "Tired Guide—The glaciers brought That would take care of the situation till the telepnone subscribers as a guide and them down. 1937 or 1938. These plans provide for assuming that these subscribers would be Inquisitive Old Lady—But where are working ou* the investment in the larger Eower users. Lines were estimated on a the glaciers? steam plants of the Province; and include asis of ten or twelve miles from each Tired Guide—They have gone back for adding water power to eventually super- town, charges in connection with con- more.—Exchange. sede these. struction, maintenance and operation April 1st, 1929 THE U. F. A. ^377) 41

beiDK chnrged to earh aeofion. These are amons the liest rural fertions of the Prov- infe anment except in the districts where the farmers are well off. A considerable section of the report deals with tlie Edmonton situation; and concludes with the statement that some arrangement shoidd be made wherby the city could be lined up with the general 8chc!ne. The report concludes in the first person though unsigned, as follows: "T have not mentioned other power companies operat- ing in the Province such as the Mid- West operating at Drumhcller and covering a fairly large district. I am assuming that these companies would be permitted to continue operations in the territory which they have started in for the lime being at least. Many other points that have come un could be dealt with in discussion, and with the information we have here, we are prepared to clear them up." N.F.P.

CANADIAN EGGS FOR JAPAN To suppl.v the Japanese Experimental Farms system, more than 3,000 Canadian hatching eggs h.ive recently been shipped to Jai)an. This is the result of experi- mental shipments made in 1928. Matured birds are also going forward and are being sold to private .Japanese breeders. Shipments are also being made to the Philippine Island. The demand from the Orient for Cana- dian hatching eggs and brcc

Amendments to Old the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. This order upon which a man could be sent to includes 2,732,699 acres of summerfallow prison. Age Pensions Act and 850,000 acres of new breaking. As Mr. Christophers said that he knew of compared with the previous year, these families who nad never touched a cent figures show an increase of 100,000 acres of wages for months because court orders step Taken to Remove Flavor of Charity of new breaking and a decrease of 112,274 had handed them over to store keeper —Does It Go Far Enough? acres of summerfallow. It is estimated, creditors. however, that the amount of fall plowing J. T. Shaw, Liberal leader, thought done in 1928 considerably exceeds that of In its passage through the various that the new provisions might be used as 1927 so that the will stages of the Legislature the Old Age on whole Alberta a weapon to oppress an unfortunate this year have in the Pensions Act was amended in two notable readiness for crop debtor. largest acreage particulars. V. of any year in its history. Mr. Lymburn declared that the bill gave consideration One of" the chief criticisms directed o more to the debtor against' the" measure centered around the than formerly. It protected him from idea that elderly persons coming under ONTARIO'S CHEAP ELECTRICITY the harassment of judgment and on the other hand it made possible the the provisions of the act who had resided (From "Canada Week by Week") collection until that time in some rural community of small debts from those who could pay Not only does the Hydro Electric Sys- would for the greater comforts accruing and would not. Under the old act magis- tem owned and operated by the Province drift into the towns and cities. In so trates had been enabled to give blanket of Ontario furnish the residents of the doing they would add to the burden of the judgments against defendants on account Province with cheap electricity, but it is taxpayers there to the extent of the ten of non-appearance in court. N.F.P. also showing a very considerable net per cent of their pension. With a view surplus. The figure just announced, for to meeting this objection an amendment the year ended October 1928, is was introduced and incorporated into the 31, $940,663. There have been increases in C orrespondence bill providing that any person having practically every branch of the Commis- been granted a pension whilst a resident sion including investment, reserves, the WHEAT GRADING of a certain municipality shall continue amount of power supplied, and number of Editor, The U.F.A.: to be deemed a resident of that munici- customers served. The investment in Here is some more of the old BtufT re pality or improvement district as long plants and assets now exceeds $300,()(J0,000. grading of wheat: as he or she is a resident of the Province. During the year the Commission in- At our nearest marketing point the objection to Perhaps the most serious creased its reserves by $6,300,000 after same wheat or rather wheat from same that the the bill in its original form was paying to the Province $1,600,000 out of field and same bin has been graded as pension authority might apply under the reserves. The Commission owes the Gov- follows: Order Act provisions of the Maintenance ernment nothing except for loans on In December, No. 5. that act; a,nd of 1921 for an order under capital account, which are being paid off. In January and February, No. 4. direct sums due from "the husband, wife, The system serves not only cities and In March, No. 3. father, mother or children" of the pen- towns, but rural districts as well and It seems now that in the place of the sioner to be paid to the pension authority predictions are made that within the next old fluctuation of prices we have fluctua- in equal quarterly instalments. This, it seven years electricity will available tion of grades. was contended, would subject elderly be to every rural home m Old Ontario, where I would like to submit, in order that persons eligible by reason of age, resi- the grades might be kept uniform it is geographically feasible. The cost of more dence, etc., to the humiliation of an electricity for domestic light and cooking throughout the year, that samples of the examination of the ability of relatives to grades be kept on exhibit in in some of Ontario's cities averages less standard contribute to their support; and make than one cent per kilowatt. every elevator from the beginning of the them feel that they were objects of season to the end; the samples to be charity. The counter argument ad- the same ones as placed there in the vanced against this was that in any case beginning of year. state must be reasonably certain that the to Now it may be that such samples the burden of support could not be car- Amendments should, at present, be at every elevator, ried by those to whom the pensioner was Small Debts but if that is the case certainly they are attached by blood ties, etc. It was Act not placed where they are in plain sight finally deciaed to submit an amendment of the customers bringing wheat. They providing that the Maintenance Order May Be Compelled to Attend Conrt and should be placed where they could be not be invoked except in Act should Be Examined in Private seen at any time and comparisons quickly cases w here the relatives of the pensioner made. In- pay income tax under the Dominion I do not, of course, believe that this One of the bills which received third come War Tax Act of 1917. The amend- would eliminate variations in grading but reading after being passed through Com- ment was accepted. I do believe that such wide differences as mittee of the Whole just prior to proro- Though the flavor of charity has by a spread of two grades would be rendered gation of the Legislature met quite a little this amendment been to a considerable impossible. opposition from members of the Labor extent removed, the feeling was expressed Yours very truly, Liberal groups. It consisted the ideal solution would be to remove and of that G. BROCKE. qualifications with respect to the amendments to the Small Debts Act of all Lea Park, Alta. ability of relatives to support and place 1922. These amendments give to the justice the or the pensioner in the proud position of of peace magistrate before whom a debtor is brought whose indebt- having earned by his service to the state, ELECTRICAL POWER the right to receive this reward. edness in that case is less than $100, power to compel by warrant his attend- Editor, The U.F.A.: situation resolves itself into trust- The ance at court. He may there be exam- The most important issue confronting ting the applicant for pension who de- ined with no other persons present than the farmers of Alberta today is, in my Clares that his income is not as much as the justice, court officers, plaintiff, coun- opinion, the development of hydro-elec- three hundred and sixty-five dollars a sel, solicitors and witnesses in the case, tric power, to be owned and operated year, with such investigation as may be and put on oath touching his estate and by the Provincial Government. I confess necessary to protect the state from mis- effects and in particular as to the means I felt delighted at the aggressive attitude representation and fraud. And it is pointed he has of complying with any order that manifested by the delegates at the Annual out that this is in a general way the may be made against him and as to the Convention of the U.F.A., in their de- procedure in reference to exactions made disposal of any of his property since the mand for public ownership of electric under the Federal Income Tax Act, in summons against him was issued. power. which, if evasion should occur on the The question now arises, will the At the hearing the justice may make an part of the wealthiest of Canada's citizens, Government get busy and acquire posses- order for payment either immediately or vastly larger sums would be lost to the sion of the water power of Alberta before by instalments or in any other manner state than in a case of any failure to the trusts get their hands on it? From which he may deem reasonable and just. state his correct income by any poor what I can learn and from the signs of The court costs are left at the discretion citizen who might apply for a pension. the times, I must say I have my -doubts. of the justice. N.F.P. Still, I may be wrong. It is to be re- o P. M. Christophers (Lab.) asked what gretted that some of our members at in the case of a miner, for would be done Edmonton, if not wholly committed in ACREAGE READY FOR CROP instance, whose income fluctuated greatly. opposition to power development, are, to Acreage ready for 1929 crop in Alberta Attorney-General Lymburn stated that say the least, lukewarm on the subject. amounts to 3,652,599 acres, according to the magistrate had power to make adjust- They say we should move slow in the t.he report issued during the past week by ment with the creditor; and it was not an matter: "We got rid of our northprn April 1st, 1929 THE U. F. A. (379) 43

railway system, which was a white ele- phant on our hands, and it would be unwise of the government to act hastily without very careful consideration of the matter." Bigger Doubting Thomases Profits for Every So you see there is many a doubting Thomas in all ranks and in all classes, ===^ that see lions in their path and the Farmer == farmers' organizations are no excep- tion. These men say they are in favor of public ownership of public utilities "Better Field Seeds'' Price List if you ask them. "Oh yes, indeed! but still we would have the Government HARDY GRASSES SEED CORN lease the water power to private enter- Winnipeg Edmon- NORTHERN years Regina GROWN prise for a term of to develop & ton Winnipeg Edmon- electric power providing, of course, that Per 100 lb*. & Regina ton the Government would control and regu- Brome. Marten No. I $13.50 14.50 4-bus. lots P*' bus. late the actions of the trusts in the in- Brome. Beaver No. 2. 10.5012.50 13.50 . _ Northwestern Dent, No. I $4.00 $4.25 Brome, Lion Brand, 12.50 terest of the people. We could resume High Test Northwestern Dent. Extra Early No. I (Couch Free) 14.50 15.50 possession of the hydro-electric develop- Strain, No. I 4.50 4.70 Brome, Lion Brand, Field 28.00 ment when the lease expired if the pro- Inspect- Northwestern Dent, South Dakota ed, Certified Couch Free No. I 15.50 16.50 ject proved a success." Grown, No. I— 3.50 3.75 Western Rye, Marten, No. I 10.25 11.25 Minnesota Shades of Abe Lincoln and Thomas 13 Dent, No. I 3.90 4.15 Western Rye. Beaver No. 2 9.25 10.25 Jefferson! Does any man for a moment Minnesota 13 Elxtra Early Strain, Western Rye, Lion Brand, High No. I (Haney's Strain).. 4.40 believe that when once these power 4.60 Test No. I (Couch Free) 11.25 12.25 Improved Squaw, No. I 4.50 4.75 barons get hold of the water power of Western Rye, Field Inspected, Gehu Yellow Flint, No. 1 4.50 4.70 this fair Province of Alberta that the Certified Couch Free No. I 12.25 13.25 Giant Fodder, No. I.. 2.95 3.20 Government could, or would, control Brome and Western Rye Mixed.. 12.00 13.00 North Dakota, White Flint. No. I 4.50 4.75 their actions and prevent them from Timothy. Marten No. I n.50 12.50 Falconer Semi-Dent, No. I 4.25 4.50 gouging the people for profits? What Timothy, Ermine No. 2 (No. I Mixed Fodder, No. I chance would there be of getting back Purity) 11.50 3.00 3.25 our natural resources except at enormous Timothy, Seal No. 2 10.00 11.00 BAGS EXTRA Timothy. Lion Brand, High Test cost? If ordering in smaller quantities add lOc per No. I Some of you no doubt remember that, 13.50 bushel to prices quoted. All Northern Grown Red Top, Lion Brand. High Test, stocks, except where about twenty years ago, John D. Rocke- noted, put up in sacks No. 1 29.00 containing 2 bushels, 20c each. feller the Standard Oil and Company were English Blue, Lion Brand No. i.. 30.00 31.00 called onto the carpet by the Interstate Stockman's Permanent Hay and MILLETS Commerce Commission and fined twenty- Pasture Mixture, No. 2 21.00 22.00 Per 100 lbs. million dollars for combining un- Siberian, nine BAGS EXTRA No. I $6.25 $7.25 lawfully in restraint of trade. This was Hungarian, No. I 7.00 8.00 Grasses in lOO-lb. bags except Timothy bags, the largest fine ever imposed on any man I which hold 110 lbs. each, 40c extra. Common, No. 6.25 7.25

or corporation. Did John D. pay the Hog, No. 1 6.25 11.50 7.25 fine? simply laughed at Not much. He SWEET CLOVER Japanese, No. I 11.50 12.50 the audacity of the Supreme Court. He Bags Extra—Millet put up in lOO-lb. jute sacks- White Blossom, Marten No. I $10.50 $1 1.50 would let them see who was the uncrowned 20c each. White Blossom. Beaver No. king of the glorious land of the free —and 2 9.50 10.50 White Blossom, Lion Brand* .High he did. A short time afterwards a judge MISCELLANEOUS FIELD SEEDS Test No. i 12.50 of the Supreme Court set the ruling aside 6-bus. lots White Blossom. Arctic, No. I 13.50 14.50 and declared the action unconstitutional at per bus. Yellow Blossom, No. I. 14.00 15.00 Canadian Field Peas. No. I $3.65 $3.85 and that was the last of it. White Marrowfat No. 1 5.00 5.20 If the strong arm of Uncle Sam is ALFALFA unable to prevent trusts and monopolies Per 100 lbs. Canadian Variegated, Sunflower, combining for mercenary profits and No. 2 $45.00 $46.00 Mammoth Russian, No. I $10.50 $11.50 breaking the law in other ways for their Genuine Grimm, No. 2 50.00 51.00 Sunflower, Manchurian, No. I 12.50 13.30 own personal aggrandisement, can it be NOTE—Clovers and Alfalfa put up in cotton Sudan Grass, No. 1 13 00 14.00 hoped that the people of Alberta, through bags containing 150 pounds, 40c each. Sugar Cane. Early Amber. No. 1 .. 8.00 9.00 their Government, could dictate to these Kaffir Corn, No. 1... 6.00 7.00 captains of finance when once they had got BACTERIA CULTURE Rape, Dwarf Essex, No. I (bags Alfalfa. a stranglehold of the natural resources For Clover and One bottle will free) 11.00 12 00 of the country? I hardly think so. treat 60 pounds of seed. Per bottle 55c (postpaid 60c); 5 bottles $2.50 (postpaid Bags Extra containing 100 lbs. or 2 bushels JAMES FLETCHER. $2.75). 20c each. Kingman, Alta. EVERYTHING IN SEEDS SOURCE OF WEALTH If what you want is not shown here, write for our descriptive Catalogue. Editor, The U.F.A.: In reply to Mr. Hodson's recent letter under the heading, "Axelsonian Errors," must state that he has not proved his points. They are only statements with- STEELE, BRIGGS SEED CO. out basis in fact. Of course I grant that Mr. Hodson has "CANADA'S GREATEST SEED HOUSE" LIMITED full right to disagree with- the principle Street of the Marxian philosophy that "useful H. H. Cooper Bldg, 107th work is all the source of wealth and that Winnipeg, Man. Edmonton, Alta. Regina, Sask. the producers thereof are entitled to the full social value of everything produced". ^monton Phone Day 5242 or Night 6089 In setting forth his reasons he displays Mr. Robertson a confusion of mind on the subject of economics that ill becomes a man that endeavors to deal with such an important question. Mr. Hodson has not yet learned jT|-i« w IC X * would request all Local Secre- to differentiate between potential and U.t.A, Local OeCretaVieS taries interested in prices on group real wealth. Land, minerals, timber, etc. - orders of Twine, Lubricating Oil, are the products of nature without which and Lumber to consult with us on man's existence on this planet would be HjJ)^ prices before purchasing. impossible. Nevertheless, in the manner The ALBERTA CO-OPERATIVE WHOLESALE ASSOCIATION Ltd, that we in everyday terms deal with 1617 105A Ave., Edmonton, Alta. wpfilth if> in its improved form through 44 rS80) THE U. F. A. April lat, 1929

labor applied in the production and dis- ask your permission to bring before your tributive processea. Furthermore, virf^in readers my viewpoint and I believe many soil, the best timber and the richest min- others' viewpoint on this matter. eral deposits are of no real value to the In the first rilace, what mandate has he human race except by and through intelli- for making these changes? None that gent application of useful labor. I ever heard of. He assumes our rural For these reasons, I hold that the term schools are inefficient, our teachers and "source" \\hi('h Mr. Hodson takes such trustee boards also; and though be serious exception to is correct and logical. doesn't say so, our scholars also. Surely Mr. Hodson knows and in the What figures does he present to prove face of the facts is forced to admit that this? None at all. Are our children so without labor applied on his farm he would far behind city, town and village school have no income, consequently labor is children that he has to come to their the basis of that wealth we speak of in rescue? Will he tell us what percentage monetary terms no matter in what form of city, town and village scholars trying it may exist. their grade eiiilit exams, passed last Furthermore, Mr. Hodson is showing year and how far they were ahead of our confusion when he says: "The pioneers rural scholars? PRICED EXOEPTIONALLV LOW found themselves possessed of capital in I maintain that that is the test of our 42-in. iralranlzed Bteel canopy, Tuible land that they could exchange for the oil reservoir, »utom»tlo oil feed, protect- rural schools. ed oil feed pipes. Se« paxe 890 of our useful capitalistic gold." In the first He proposes eflficient supervision. To Spring and Summer Cutalocue for full place, I point out that is not particulars. 4B0 - Baby Chick Size. must money obtain this, we have three experts ap- Wt 4 2 lbs. Delivery CharflM Extra. capital except when used for exploitation pointed by the Government to appoint Wlnnlpao Reg. or Sask'n Edmonton purposes. The farmers, therefore, who the teachers 41-A204P 441-A204P e41-AZ04P and supervise the teaching e.76 9.25 9.40 do their own work cannot rightly be in 150 schools in each district; that classed as capitalists. Even those that works out to 50 schools each. Supposing can. are comparaitivrly small in number. they were on the job every day, which In fact, looking up statistics we fnd that isn't likely, that allows for exactly 4 days the majority of the farmers are only per school in a teaching jear of 200 days. nominal owners of the farms they culti- How can he call that constant super- vate and a larpe number of farmers that vision? You can pass up the idea of homcsteaded in Canada have already supervision, it will be little better than lost possession of the land they home- at present. AUTOMATIC HEAT CONTROL steaded and the farms they improved and Then again these three experts are to <2-ln. tralranlied canopy self-rcpilatlng the process continues, in fact is getting know a good teacher better than the oil flow or feed, visible oil reservoir, pro- worse from year to year. The fact is the people who are having their children tected oil feed pii>c«. Soe page 309 of cur Spring and Summer Cutaloguo for rich are getting richer and the poor are educated by them, who come in contact full particular*. 450-Bat)y Chick 8lu. getting poorer. with them all the time, though the super- \Vt. 45 lbs. Delivery Charge! Extra. In closing can say that I perfectly Winnipeg Reg. or Sask'n Edmonton am visors will only see them four days in a S41.A2B7P 441.A257P e41-A2S7P willing to let the matter rest, but must year. Also the supervisors are going to 11.46 11.95 12.05 remark that Mr. Hodson has not sub- make them more permanent by giving mitted anything over which I must them more salary, the good ones I mean, "silently" ponder. I can add much on or should I say their favorites? this subject. My motto is: "Know the A general rate will be struck over the truth and the truth shall set jou free." entire Province and though your district Calgary, Alta. CARL AXELSON. may get a low grade teacher jou will pay just as much as a district getting a nigh grade teacher. Some justice in IMMIGRATION that! And supposing a district does not like the teacher allotted to it, it has no Editor, The U.F.A.: way of removing that teacher. Further- Automatic beat control. Improved stove The resolution of the U.F.A. Conven- more 150 school districts cover Quite a rocker grate, 4 2 in. galvanized steel tion condemning the recently announced canopy with lifting rope and pulleys. See lot of ground. Where in the district OTge 390 of our Spring and Summer Government policy of assisted immigra- are these supervisors to be placed, in the Cstalogiie for full description. tion, must command the approval of all 460-Baby Chick Size. Weight about towns most likely, where our present in- 100 Ibi. Delivery Chargst Extra. Canadians who are more interested in spectors hang out, and that's where they Winnipeg Reg. orHatk'n Edmonton building up Canada and safeguarding the 841.A20ep 44t-A20^P e41-A20BP will be the most of the winter months interests of Canadians than in rlanning 1g.7S 13.9S 14.25 anyway and it's precious little supervising means for relieving the distressed British that will be done away from their place tax-payer and co-operating with the of residence. T.EATON C9.. Baldwin Government in its dilemma over Each district is to elect five members C A N a' D A their unemployed. on a board. What for? To O.K. any- So persistent and well-planned has been thing that the Government experts decide this campaign of smothering Canadian and to take the responsibility —nothing opposition to the scheme of altering the else; absolutely nothing else. To get national blood-stream that when a body credit for nothing and to take all the Land Opening of Canadian citizens has the courage to slams and complaints that the electorate get up and say NO, it comes like a breath may shove on them, and the supervisors A new railroad line ha* opened one of invigorating out-door air. are responsible to no one but their em- of tlie beat (arming and stock-raising sec- I cannot imagine a convention of tion! of Montana. A new record in plo5'er, the Minister of Education, BUT the or Conservatives having low cost production and high yields of Liberals the the district will pay their salaries. wheat has been made. Good soil, water, courage to do what the U.F.A. have done. The Minister glibly states something climate, low prices. Tliouaands of acree They are to be commended most highly. for settlers, write for New Line Book. about one half mill paying for the whole One can easily foresee what will happen thing, but we know better. We who are Minnesota and North Dakota offer in of }'ears, if the the best farinii>g opportunities in many the course say 20 steady in school districts, out of debt, should years. Profitable diversified crop* and drift of Canadian youth to the United not be shoved into this thing without a live stock. Ask for lists of improved farms States keeps up through lack of national vote on the matter. 1 heard the Minister at a (taction of their real values. prosperity. of Education say in answer to a query Washincton, Oregon and Idaho And so, thanks to the U.F.A. most that he was in favor of a plebiscite if books tell about grain, live stock and dairying, fruit, poultry and numerous heartily. necessary. He might fool some people, *pecial lines, mild climate, excellent GARFIELD A. KING. but he certainly didn't strike me as being schools, cities, social and icenic attrac- B.C. in favor of a plebiscite. will only tion*. Vancouver, He consider it necessary if he has to. Writ* for FREE ZONE OF PLENTY BOOK or qiecial atate book. As to the Minister's statement of more AGAINST SCHOOL BILL harmony in school districts, it is to laugh! E. C. LEEDY, Dept. 136 Editor, The U.F.A.: Would he propose, say, abolishing the The Minister of Education apparent- Legislature at Edmonton and appointing Great Northern Railway ly convinced the U.F.A. Convention of a dictator so there would be more har- the soundness of his School Bill by a mony? St. Paul, Minn. small majority. He also was allowed to To sum matters up, this scheme is state his case in your paper, therefore I something we haven't askec} for. It —

April l8t, 1929 THE U. F. A. (381) 45

isn't proved our rural schools are ineffifient. It is a centralizinR of authority dominated by Government appointees, doing away with one of the most democratic of insti- tutions, our rural school board. It will be more costly, taxes will he higher, and we will have the same teachers as before, turned out by our Normal Schools, and if we yield in this it won't be long before our 8< hools and assets will be taken over by the same means. To make the pros- perous districts pay for the poor districts IS, I believe, at the bottom of all this and there's about as much justice in it, as making a prosperous farmer pay the debts of a poor farmer. . Let the matter be settled with a vote. Yours truly, HARDY WEAR. Cummings. 0 WANTS SCHOOL ACT CHANGED SOON Editor, The U.F.A.: When we read the proposed changes in our school system by the Minister of Education, we must say it needs im- provement, especially in this northern district. We have had, and we still can find, teachers here supposed to teach English to the pupils who are unable to speak English themselves. The same thing with the trustees in our local board. In some districts the trustees are unable to speak English, or read or write it. What satisfaction can we get from a Chumie system like that? The ta.xes may come higher, expecially in new districts where homesteaders are just starting in, and it COSTS COSTS may scare them from the land, but it NOTHING o NOTHING could be regulated there so we can only OOmx^ say, the sooner we get a change the better. TO TRY! TO TRY! T. WIK. Bonnyville, Alta. ^1,000 Cash In Prizes Costs You Nothing to Win 1st Prize ^500 Cash 2nd « ^150 « FIRST PRIZE " IN DEEPER 3rd « ^ 75 " It need not cost you one cent in order to "I'm afraid my husband hasn't any 4th « $ 25 win any of the big cash prizes. " sales resistance." 5 Prizes ^10 each $ 50 " When we receive your entry we will advise "What's he done now?" 10 Prizes $ 5 each $ 50 " you of the number of points you have "In the first place he let a man sell 75 Prizes $ 2 each ^150 gained and we will send you ABSOLUTE- him a lot of land that was two feet under LY FREE our small automatic salesman, water, and when I insisted on his going How to Win which will provide much amusement for pictured above are and getting his money back, the same Two of the babies you and your friends, while disposing of a exactly alike. Can you find them ? Note few boxes of our Famous Strand Chooo- man sold him a gasoline launch and a carefully, hair, bracelets, eyes, etc lates at a few cents a box. copy of 'Golden Days in Venice'." Miami Times. Rules This will qualify your entry for the prizes, 1. Employees of Strand Candy Co. and but YOU DO NOT OBLIGATE YOUR- their relatives are barred from this SELF TO DO ANYTHING FOR US Contest. BY SENDING IN AN ANSWER TO 2. Write your name and address in lead THIS PUZZL& Form Dominion Fish pendl on the coupon. Say if Mr., Mrs. or Miss. and Game Association 3. Use sharp lead pencil. Write the names of the babies you think are twins in (he proper place on the coupon. GIVEN

Through the initiative of Alberta, every 4« Be neat ; remember, in case of a tie, Every contestant who qualifies will be Province of Canada has swung into line neatness will be considered in awarding prizes. given ONE DOLLAR in cash in addi- in the decision to organize a Dominion tion to prize they win. S. Cut advertisement out on dotted line any may Fish and Game Association. While the and send it to us. process of organization is still proceeding, the first bulletin has already been issued, Twins' Names are..—...... ^.^ and has been financed by the Calgary My Name is Fish and Game Association. It contains a mass of valuable information w hich Street or Box No.„.^ will be found of interest to many of our Tovm.„^ readers. C. A. Hayden, Managing Edi- „ V7(ita name and address plainly in lead pencil { state whether Mr., Mrs. or Mis* tor of the Cnlgary Herald, who is Presi- dent of the Alberta Fish and Game Asso- STRAND CO., DEPT. ciation, and one of the sponsors of the CANDY Dominion organization, will be glad to Strand Building, 81 Victoria Street, Toronto supply copies to readers of The U.F.A. upon application. Other Alberta spon- A. LANNAN & COMPANT—BARKISTERS. SOUCI- sors are Hon. George Hoadley, LEGAL AND PATENTS and tors, xVotaries, 1 1 1 8tb Ave W., Calgary. M342W Benjamin Lawson, Provincial Game Com- FOED, MILLER tt HAKVIE. BARRISTKaS, SOU- Spccialiang in Domestic Law. including probate, missioner, Edmonton. We suggest that oitors. Patent Attorneys and Agents for all coun- divorce and settlement of estates. tries. 66 Canada Life Bldg.. Calgary. Patent all are who interested in obtaining further drawings and applications prepared by our own infornaation in regard to the aims of this staff, ensuring secrecy ana prompt service. W. H. SELLAR Association, and the activities which it Barrister and Solicitor SHORT, BOSS, SHAV & MATHOOD—BARKIS' plans to carry on, should write to Mr. 306 Grain Elxchance Buildina, Calgary ters. Solicitors, Notaries. Imperial Bank Bldg • Phona M740S Raa. Piiona SOSCB iHarden for the bulletin. Calgary. —

46 I HE U. F. A. April Ibi, lV2\i

BISSELL 21 FT. WIDE DISK HARROW Electrical Protection Act Is Alemite Zerk Lobiication Heat Treated Plates Amended Gun Supplied Free IN- THROW Last twice aa lone Provides for More Rigid Control and for Central Hitch LoHK Steel Inspection Pole In view of the rapid extension of elec- tric light and power through the Prov- ince in recent years, and in view of the possibility of an even greater increase of the same now that the control of water is in the Sld« can be detached, leaving a Regular 14 Ft. In-Throw Disk, or 14 Ft. In-Throw can powers directly the hands of have sides furnished to make a 21 Ft. We make In-Throw and Out-Throw Dlska in 6 Ft Government of Alberta; it is of more than to 21 Ft. widths and Double Action from 6 Ft. to 16 Ft. wide. passing interest that in the closing hours of the session of the Alberta Legislature T. E. BISSELL CO. LTD., ELORA, ONT. Axentaj:^. a bill entitled, "An Act to Amend the Electrical Protection Act" was put through Committee of the Whole and given third reading. It provides extensive amendments to the statute of 1922. LACOMBE BULL SALE The Board set up under that act is empowered to prescribe the design, con- CATTLE BREEDERS' struction, installation, etc., of all works CENTRAL ALBERTA ASSOCIATION and matters used in the generation, trans- mission, delivery, etc.. of electrical power or energy. It may also prohibit the use Annual Sale will be held on WEDNESDAY, 29, 1929. Our MAY of such works till after inspection and approval. It may prohibit the advertis- For all information and entry forms apply to Secretary. ing and sale of electrical devices till they have been inspected and approved, and D. F. THOS. HENDERSON CHISHOLM. may prescribe the precautions to be President. Secretary. taken and the warnings to be issued to purchasers and users so as to prevent LACOMBE, ALBERTA undue hazard to persons or property. It may also set the fees to be paid for those inspections, tests and approval, and is LIVESTOCK empowered to provide for the remunera- tion of inspectors, etc. WHY PAT MOBE FOE THE SAME ASTICLE. The act provides that any inspector Make-em-Grow Calf Meal ia well a balanced at any reasonable hour pass over ration and as near to a milk substitute as poBsiblc. may Per 100 lbs., $3.90; 3.5 lbs., 81.10. Anderson or through any land, building or premises IS Grain RUPTURE and Feed Company Ltd , 2.J4 7th Ave. E., his duties. for the purpose of performing Calgary, Alta. Phones M45o4—M3895. Write for catalog. It also sets forth that nothing in the rules, regulations, plans, specifications or FOE SALE.—SHORTHOEN BULLS. FEANK shall or other BaUhorn, Wetaskiwin, Alta. orders render any inspector employee liable for any injury, loss or NOTIJEAR SWINE damage sustained to person or property by reason of defects in any works or FOE SALE—ONE TOEKSHIEE BOAB, 2 TEARS matters notwithstanding any inspection NO BREAK TO HEAL old, in fine condition. Experimental Farm strain, $30.00. Bred gilts, $30.00; not bred $25.00, 8 or test or the issue of any certificate, months. Very select stuff. D. M. Driunan Sr., Some people have a mistaken idea that rup- under the act; nor shall it aiTect the Bulwark, Alta. ture is a tear. Rupture is not a tear, but purely liability of any corporation, company, a muscular weakness in the abdominal wall. BACOK TOEKSHIEES—FAEBOWEO MARCH 12, firm or individual for such injury, loss or $10.00 with papers at eight weeks. Trusses merely brace these muscles, but do not John Young, damage. Bindloss, Alta. strengthen them—on the contrary the gouging Penalties of not more than fifty and of the ordinary truss pad often increases this "SUNNTSrDE" HAMPSHIEE PIGS PAT.—NOW not less than ten dollars for each offence booking orders, registered weanlings, born Feb. weakness, as it tends to shut oEf blood circulation. are provided on summary conviction. 25th. Either sex, $12. Papers free. Fearne- act into force on the first day STUART'S ADHESIF PLAPAO-PADS are hough, Morrin, Alta. The comes entirely different — being mechanico-chemico of July, 1929. applicators—made self-adhesive purposely to FARM LANDS N.F.P. keep the muscle-tonic called "Plapao" continu- WANTED—HEAR FBOM OWNER OOOD FAEM mini- ously appUed to the affected parts, and to for sale. Cash price, particulars. D. F. Bush, WELLAND CANAL FREIGHT TRAFFIC mize danger of slipping and painful friction. No Minneapolis, Minti. The freight trafl5c on the Welland buckles or springs attached. Fabric straps, Canal, Canada, during 1928 reached a soft as velvet—easy to apply—inexpensive. HELP WANTED new high record of 7,439,617 tons. Awarded Gold Medal, Rome, Grand Prix, Paris, SELL MAOE-TO-MEASUEE SHIETS TO BIO Honorable Mention, Panama Pacific Exposition, men, small men and all men who are bard to fit. Wonderful sideline for clothing salesmen. Easy San Francisco, etc. For almost a quarter cen- to earn $25 weekly additionalprofit. Big selec- LIVESTOCK HELD BT INDIANS tury satisfied thousands report success—without tion beautiful samples free. Write Stetson Shirt Holdings of farm live stock by Indians delay from work. Stacks of sworn testimonials Company, Dept. A, Sommer Bldg., Montreal. on reserves in Canada during 1928 were even from the far corners of the Earth. Process GET TOUE EXPEEIENCED FAEM HELP HEBE.— as follows: horses, 36,172; milch cows, of recovery is natural, so no subsequent use for Germans, Huugarians, Chreko Slovaks and Rus- 9,194; other cattle. 34,495; sheep, 3,204; trusses. sians. Orders taken by mail. The Star Coloni- zation and Employment Service, S. H. Kolesar, swine, 9,704; hens and chickens, 108,918; Stop wasting your time and money on old- 124 2nd Ave. E., Calgary, Alta. turkeys, 7,715; geese, 5,196; ducks, 7,788. fashioned truss devices. Learn how to close the hernial opening as nature intended, so the AGENTS WANTED rupture can't come down. Send no money; just FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION mail the coupon below for FREE 10 day test WANTED—PEESONS TO GEOW MUSHEOOMS of the remedial factor and supply PLAPAO for us in waste cellar or outhouse spaces, all spring "Though I disagree with every word 48-page illustrated book on rupture. This will summer. Earn upwards of $25.00 and weekly. you say, I will defend with my life your cost you nothing now or later. For your own Commence now. Illustrated booklet for stamp. good—write today—tomorrow may be too late. Dominion Mushroom Co., Toronto 3. right to say it." — Voltaire.

MAKE $100.00 A WEEK AND DP SELLING ODE FREE TEST COUPON fine made-to-measure, all-wool suits and overcoats, direct to wearer. Greatest propoaition in Canada. CAUGHT FROM EXPOSURE (To Shell) PLAPAO CO., 1297 Stuart BIdg., St. Louis, We supply your own clothes free—also complete A lady met a Government hospital Mo. instructions, samples and sales-promotion meth- ods. Participate in our profit-sharing plan. We patient, hobbling on crutches. "Young Name dcUver and collect direct. Satisfaction guaran- man," she asked, "what is the trouble, teed. If you are interested in becoming a $5,000 rheumatism?" Address man, write at once to London Tailoring Company, 1485 Bleury St.. Dept. F235, Montreal. "No ma'am," replied the patient, "patriotism." Chriatian Advocate: .

April l8t, 1929 THE U. F. A. (383) 47

POULTRY SEEP AND FEED SELUNO—WHITE BLOSSOM SWEET CLOVER S.C. BABT CHIX AND HATCHINO EGOS— RHODE Seed, cleaned, thoroughly scarified, well clima- Rock. For April Classified Section Island Red, Barred Plymouth tized. Beware of noxious weeds. Have grown chix, 130.00 per hundred. For and May hatch and seeded own for years. Good quick germina- per hundred. Hatching Eggs, $2.00 June, $25.00 tion. 9} cents pound sacked. Paul Gabriel, per setting of fifteen; $10.00 per hundred. C.P.R. RATE—Five cents per word. Five Erskine, Alta. Demonstration Farm, Strathmore, Alta. insertions for the price of four; EARLY TRIUMPH RED BOBS GOVERNMENT PUREBRED BRONZE TURKEY TOMS, 20 TO 24 nine for the price of seven; thir- graded No. 1 seed wheat. Third generation; pounds, 8S.0O each. Mrs. Dahlgren, Scapa, Alta. germination 96 per cent in 6 days. Early Triumph teen for the price of ten; twenty- t'ust made largest yield in ei^ht year average at Jniversity WHITE WYANDOTTE EGGS FROM BIRDS WHICH six for the price of nineteen. of Alta; matures in 104 days; grades favorably. Certified. Price laid throughout severe cold weather, $1.23 setting. $1 50 f.o.b. Identi- George Kennedy, Hardisty, Alta. TERMS—Cash with order. cally same but not certified. $1.40 f.o.b. Cash with order. Clarence E. Bond, Irricana, Alta. Connt each initla) as a tall word, also count $3.60.— PURE BRONZE TURKEY EGGS, 9 FOR each set of four fignrea as a full word. YELLOW BLOSSOM SWEET CLOVER—WE ARE Mrs. C. Serviss, Bulwark, Alta. Name and address will be counted as part offering for sale hardy grown Yellow Blossom of the advertisement and mast be paid tor Sweet Clover, grown in Southern Alberta. 1000 HATCHING EGGS FROM SELECTED PENS— at the same rate. All advertisements will lb. lots, lOJo, bags included. The Southern Winter layers, R.O.P. sires, Barred Rooks and be classified ander the heading which ap- Alta. Co-op. Assn., 1221 2nd Ave. S., Lethbridge, White Wyandottes, $1.50 setting. Stanley Hum- plies most nearly to the article advertised. Alta. phries, Morrin, Phone 909. No. 1 GOVERNMENT GRADED BROME GRASS, Address all correspondence to "The U.F.A.' ROSE COMB WHITE WYANDOTTE COCKERELS. free from Quack or Noxious Weeds, 13o pound. Loogheed Bldg., Calgary, Alta. H. E. Jinks, March, April hatched from selected pen, winter R.R.I, Craigmyle, Alta. layers. Sire from mating R.O.P. 21&-250, $4.00; two, $7.00. Stanley Humphries, Morrin. SELLINO "FYRA" WESTERN RYE GRASS, IZe lb. Free noxious weeds and quack. Sample INCUBATORS AND BROODERS.—FOR TEN DAYS BABY CHICKS—CANADA'S BRED-TO-LAY, 100 free. Carl Soderstrom, Armena, Alta. we are offering Incubators and Brooders, both per cent alive. Leghorns. $17.00; Barred Rocks, oil and electric, at a 10 per cent reduction. An- Anconas, $18.00; Rhode Island Reds, Minorcas, PURE GARNET WHEAT. GERMINATION SIX derson Grain & Feed Co. Ltd., 234 7th Ave. E., $19.00; White Rooks, Wyandottes, $20.00 per days 97 per cent, grade one; cleaned, sacked, Calgary, Alta. Everything in Poultry Supplies. hundred. 12{month Poultry Course Free. Chicks $1.50 bushel. T. J. Anderson, Bon Accord, Phones M4554—M3895. Write for catalog. from Pen Matings, 23c each. Ful-o-Pep Chick Alberta. Starter, 10 lbs. Biologically Tested Guaranteed POULTRY BUSINESS.—BIG MONEY IS BEING Analysis Free. Incubators, Brooders. Free GARNET SEED WHEAT No. 2 NORTHERN— catalogue. Alex Taylor's Hatchery, 362 Fixrby made from Poultry by all graduates of Shaw's Germination 96 per cent six days, $1.25. Ma- St., Winnipeg, Man. Correspondence Poultry Course. Descriptive chine run, cleaned, $1.50 bushel. L. A. Phillips, Booklet free. Write Dept. P.C., Bay-Charles, Carseland. Toronto. THE WESTERN EGO FARM. WHITE WYAN- dotte Baby Chicks. Booking orders for May and TRELLE'S MARQUIS WHEAT CHICK SHIPPERS' ATTENTION—FOR A PERIOD June. Am booked up for April. Solly's strain GROWN FROM direct for 12 years. Chas. O. Dawson, Ardenode, registered seed. Government gern:iination test of ten days, we are offering Blue Ribbon Baby Alte. Phone R808, Strathmore. 94 per cent. Price and particulars. Car lots. Chick Shipping Boxes, 100 chick size, 30c; 50 Arthur Gosling, Dalemead. chick size, 22ic; 25 chick size, 15o. Anderson Grain & Feed Co. Ltd., wholesale distributors in ROSE COMB RHODE ISLAND RED BABY CHICKS, Alberta and Saskatchewan for the Pratt Food May and June. Range and pen.eggs. Headed by THntp GENERATION MARQUIS WHEAT ELI- Company Ltd., Daniels Model Incubator Com- very fine cockerels. Lyle Poultry Farm,Arrow- gible for registration. Government germination pany, Somerville Egg Cartons, Petersime Electric wood. Alberta. test 94 per cent. Price $1.95 cleaned. L. W. Incubators. Write for catalog and compare our Robinson, Veteran. £rices with any. Anderson Grain & Feed Co. MAKE YOUR OWN NATURAL INCUBATOR— td., 234 7th Ave. E., Calgary. Alta. Phones Any boy over 12 years old can make a 210 egg MARQUIS WHEAT, CERTIFIED No. E16881— M3895—M4554. natural incubator from our plans and specifica- Field inspected, eligible for registration, second tions in a few hours, out of material about the generation, cleaned. Grown on breaking. Ger- WHITE WYANDOTTE COCKERELS, GOVERN- farm or by ordering the necessary lumber, costing mination test 96. Price, $1.50, sacks extra. ment approved laying stock, heavy, vigorous, 1-10 less than any incubator on the market and Thos. Noble. Daysland, Alta. $2.50 and $3.00 each. Mrs. C. Baptist, Tofield, it will hatch more chickens than any other method Alberta. Impossible to overheat the eggs, natural regula- GARNET SEED WHEAT FOR SALE AT INDEPEN- tion, no turning or handUng eggs except when deut elevator, Daysland, $1.25 bushel. BABY CHICKS FROM BEST FLOCKS IN AL- setting. Results absolutely guaranteed or money berta. Barred Rocks, White Leghorns, Rhode refunded. Plans and clear drafted chart mailed FIRST GENERATION RENFREW, REGISTERED Island Reds, White Wyandottes. Bred to lay. postpaid on receipt of $1.00. Send money to Grade No. 1, germination 98 per Calgary hatched. Write for price list. Garbert, Adams 4 Moyes, 9662 Jasper Ave., Edmonton. cent, six days 1424 Seventeenth Avenue West, Calgary. W2144. sacked and sealed, $2.75 per bushel. H. Kemper, Metiskow, Alta.

S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS AND UGHT SUSSEX MACHINERY from imported stock. Buy your hatching eggs, GARNET SEED WHEAT, SEED GRADE No. 1, chicks, pullets and mature stock from the firm WANTED.—TRACTOR PLOWXNO OR BRfiAKINa germination 99, Carter Disc cleaned, free from that has proved its efficiency in all parts of the by acre. A. Buchanan, Mayton. frost, weeds, and other varieties, ready to drill, Prairie Provinces. Our birds have been bred to sacked, $1.40, sacks free. Bulk, $1.25 per bushel. James Gordon, Strome; Phone lay for generations. Reports of egg production MASSEY HARRIS 16 INCH BRUSH BREAKER 1110, Daysland, as high as per this winter. Alta. show 82 cent All eggs with truck, practically new, $40. 24 lb. banded incubated are from our own stock and from hens C torn turkeys, $10. Box 34, Ranfurly, Alberta. not pullets and are mated to high pedigree R.O.P. BROME GRASS SEED lOo LB.—H. F. NESTER, males. Write for 1929 catalogue. Bumside Cessford, Alta. Poultry Farm, Hammond, B.C. REMNANTS TIMOTHY SEED, 1927 CROP, 92 PER CENT BARRED ROCK COCKERELS, EXHIBITION, 1 LB. LARGE GINGHAM QUILT PATCHES, 76c; germination. Control sample Certificate 67-6272, from good laying strain, $3 and $5. H. Pickering, 4 lbs., $2; 1 lb. Gingham Remnants, 90a; 3 lbs., Gr. 3, free noxious weeds, 8 cents pound, bags Sylvan Lake, Alta. $2. 2 lbs. Velvet, Cretonne or Silk pieces, $1.50" included. L. J. Auten, Ponoka, Alta. A. McCreery, Chatham, Ont. PURE BRED ROSE COMB RHODE ISLAND RED Cockerels, $3.00; two, $5.00. Mrs James Millar, CDnXY/ PROFITABLE Box 62, Crossfield, Alta. Phone 1210. HEALTH Vj1\W W high- yielding CROPS OSTEOPATHIC HEALTH HOME, CALGARY.— My aecond generation registered No. 2 true-to- 'CANADIAN HUSKY" BABY CHICKS FROM Fasting, Dieting, Baths, Electricity, Massage. type Marquis Wheat wiU help you. Contains blood tested flocks are most profitable to Com- Nervous diseases. Piles specialty. no weed seeds. Germination 96 per cent. mercial Egg Producers. Infusion of NEW Price $2.60 per bushel, including sacks. Every BLOOD through scientific out-crossing increases separate sack inspected, tested and sealed by vigor and egg production and eliminates weakness FENCE POSTS, LUMBER AND FUEL Dominion Government inspectors. and mortality due to in-breeding. Write for catalogue. Leghorns, Reds, Rocks and Wyan- BUY YOUR LUMBER, SHINGLES, LATH, MILL- A small amount of first generation registered No. 2 Victory Oats at $1.50 per bushel also offered. dottes. Canadian Hatcheries Limited, 844 Cam- work, etc., from the old estabhshed firm selling bie St., Vancouver, B C. highest quality B.C. coast lumber direct from H. G. L. STRANGE - FENN, ALBERTA mill to consumer since 1913. Save bi^ money. S. C. WHITE AND S. C. BLACK LEGHORNS, Get bigger quaUty. Send your lumber bill, sketch Cockerels, booking orders for baby chicks, hatch- or plan for our delivered price. Quantities guar- MISCELLANEOUS anteed. Write for free plan folder price ing eggs, mating list. Wetherall, 3628 13A St. and West, Calgary. lists. Farmers' Mutual Lumber Co. Ltd., Bekins TOBACCO FOR SALE.—ENJOY A REAL SMOKE Bldg., Vancouver, B.C. Bankers, Royal Bank. of choice Canadian Leaf Tobacco. Grown and ideal conditions. Postpaid S. C. BLACK MINORCA PULLETS, $1.60 EACH. cured under three Pullets laying now. Mrs. Wm. Hermann, MUo, LUMBER, SHINGLES, FENCE POSTS, POLES, pounds for $1.00. Gagner Bros., Pain Court, Out. Alberta. cordwood and slabs. Write for delivered prices. Enterprise Lumber Co., Vancouver, B.C. HEAVEN AND HELL.—SWEDENBOBG'S GREAT BRONZE TURKEYS FROM GOVERNMENT BAND- work on the life after death and a revd world ed stock. Gobblers $10.00; hens, $6.00; Mrs. FENCE POSTS, CORDWOOD, CORRAL POLES— beyond. Over 400 pages. Only 25o postiwiid. Jas. H. Spalding, Carstairs. Phone 614. All kinds. North West Coal Co., Edmonton, B. M. Law, 486 Euchd Ave., Toronto. Alberta. PROVEN QUALITY S. C. W. LEGHORN BABY DANCING SCHOOL—WHEN VISITING EDMOM- chicks from our high producing 2-3 year old hens. CEDAR FENCE POSTS—QUALITY, SIZE. WE ton, learn to dance in Three Days or no charge. Hatching; eggs, breeding stock. Member R.OJ*. ship "Allow Inspection. Fomie Timber Co., Private rooms for beginners. Lessons daily at Association. Olseu's Egg Farm, Olds, Alta. Box 607, Fernie, B.C. 2 pjn. and 7 p.m. Sullivan's Academy of Dano- ing. La Fleche Building, 102nd St., Edmonton. LARGE WHITE PEKIN DUCK EGOS, $2.00 PER LUMBER.-BUY DIRECT FROM THE MILL AMD Betting of 16, postpaid. Noel Feamebougb, get the best at the lowest possible price. 8. E. QUIT TOBACCO EASILY, INEXPENSIVELY. BEND Morrin, Alta. Nelson, Winfield. Alts. nddrnas. A. C. Stokes. Moliawk, Florida. —

4S (884) THE U. F. A. April l8t, 1V29 j/\nnouncing the

CANADIAN I* SPECIAL 1

FORTHE HEAST GRAIN-HEAVY STRAW OF C4NAJ14

Model B Here is a combine specially designed and built to handle the Canadian Crop. Cinadien Special 12-foot Witidrower Pick-up Feeder It is offered in 2 sizes with windrowers and windrow pickups — to handle the grain from a 10-foot, 12-foot or 16-foot windrow or for straight combin- Model D ing with a 12-foot or 16/^-foot cut header. Canadian Special 16*foot Witidrower Pick'Up Feeder It is especially worked out to harvest by the windrow method. It is provided

with a Pick-up Feeder that is absolutely positive in its action and cleans the

The Blft Cylinder ground free of grain. The feeder house is wide, free from corners or ledges, The Man Behind the Cun to feed a big volume of straw without choking or back-feeding. Ample Power Sturdy Frame Rust Resistini The cylinders are vinde, big and heavy, of the 12 bar type, set with full size Aimco Ingot Iron teeth. They are real threshing cylinders — the cylinders tliat made the Red Big Wide Wheels River Special Thresher famous — built to get the [.rain from the straw. Anti-Friction Bearings Alemite-Zerk Lubrication Rockwood- Equipped Main Belt Operating with them is the famous Man Behind the Gun, the exclusive Drive W.th Spring Tightener Nichols © Shepard feature that has saved millions of extra bushels of grain Sa(:.ty Snap Sprockets for Canadian Farmers. Farmers of Canada — yoti know Red River Special Beating Method o! Secondary Separation ability to get the grair from the straw. Sure Acting Straw Carriers Nichols Shepard Efficient Cleaning Machinery Big cylinders are only one of the major features—back Company, Over Size Elevators Winnipeg, Man.; machinery to complete the Hart ScourKleen Weed Screen of them is equally fine Calgary, Alia.; Regina, Sask. and Register threshing job. You know the Nichols Shepard stand- Please send me the Book ard of high quality building. You will want to know — "The Canadian Spe- cials." And many other items to meet the particular needs of more about this combine, send the coupon for your certain localities Name. copy of the book, "The Canadian Specials," and see R. F. D,. Prairie Type Coir, bines for yourself if this combine is not in a class by itself 10 — 12 — 15 City I6V2 — 20-foot cut for combining in Canada. Province

I have. ....acresof grain NICHOISJ^HEPARD My Tractor isa — .H.P. In Continuous Business Since 1848. 309 Marshall 5t.. Battle Creek. Mich...... make

Branch Houim: 766 t>afl«

Printed for the United Farmers of Alberta at the office of the Albertan -Tob Press Limited, 310-8tb Avenue East, Calgary, Alberta