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Zeuxine Flava (Orchidaceae): a New Addition to the Flora of Manipur, India

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Zeuxine Flava (Orchidaceae): a New Addition to the Flora of Manipur, India NeBIO I www.nebio.in I December 2019 I 10(4): 242-245 SHORT COMMUNICATION Zeuxine flava (Orchidaceae): A new addition to the flora of Manipur, India Rajkumari Supriya Devi1, 3, Sweta Mishra1, Sanjeet Kumar1, 2*, Sugimani Marndi1, Sabeela Beevi Ummalyma2, Prabhat K Das1, Nabin Kumar Dhal4 and Samrendra N Mallick5 1Biodiversity & Conservation Lab., Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 2Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, Manipur 3Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Regional Centre, Imphal, Manipur 4CSIR-Institute of Mineral and Material Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 5Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha *Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen, a less known ground orchid, is reported here as a new addition to the flora of Manipour state, India. A short description of the species is provided along with the phenological data, distribution and notes on associated plants. Photographs are also provided for easy identification in the field. KEYWORDS: Zeuxine flava, Orchidaceae, new addition, Manipur. Introduction Chowdhery 2013; Mao and Deori 2018). The genus was described The orchid is an important biowealth of Manipur state in India. by John Lindley in 1826 (Gogoi et al., 2012; Verma et al., 2014). Poor exploration in recent past has been the bottlenecks in They are ground orchids and show the dependency on symbiotic estimating the diversity of orchid species in the state (Kumar and mycorrhiza. They usually go through a period of dormancy after Kumar 2005; Misra 2007; Linthoingambi et al., 2014; Kumar et al., flowering (Porter 1942; Sathiyadash et al., 2012; Miura et al., 2016; Devi et al., 2018; Devi et al., 2019). Recently Mao & Deori 2018). About 75 species of Zeuxine reported throughout the world (2018) prepared a checklist of orchids of the state which enlisted and 11 species reported so far from India (Misra 2007; 407 species under 95 genera. The most commonly reported Bhattacharjee and Chowdhery 2010; Tsering et al., 2017). During species of the state belongs to the genera Cymbidium Swartz., the survey of medicinal plants of Manipur in 2017 and 2018, a Vanda Gaud. Ex Pfizer, Dendrobium Sw., Coelogyne Lindl., Liparis large population of a ground orchid belonging to the genus Rich., Bulbophyllum Thouars., Oberonia Lindl. etc. During the Zeuxine was found in Imphal East district. After critical present exploration work in the state, it was observed that the examination of the specimen, it was identified as Zeuxine flava genus Zeuxine Lindl. (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae, Goodyerinae), (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen and reported here as a new addition to the has less diversity and represented by only three species viz., flora of Manipur state. A brief description along with photographs Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. Ex Hook.f., Z. nervosa (Wall ex of the species and names of the associated plants are provided Lindl.) Benth ex Trimen and Z. strateumatica (L.) Schltr. (Kumar for easy identification in the field. and Kumar, 2005; Muthukumar et al., 2011; Bhattacharjee and Received 6 November 2019 I Accepted 30 December 2019 I Published online 31 December 2019 Citation: Devi, R.S., Mishra, S., Kumar, S., Marndi, S., Ummalyma, S.B., Das, P.K., Dhal, N.K. and Mallick, S.N. 2019. Zeuxine flava (Orchidaceae): New addition to flora of Manipur. NeBIO 10(4): 243-246. Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Director, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Manipur, India for providing facilities during field survey. The authors are also thankful to the Biodiversity and Conservation Division, Regional Centre, Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Imphal for providing facilities, fund and encouragement. Copyright © Devi et al. 2019. NECEER, Imphal allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium by adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication. NeBIO, An International Journal of Environment and Biodiversity Official publication of North East Centre for Environmental Education (NECEER), Imphal I ISSN 2278-2281 (Online), 0976-3597 (Print) I www.nebio.in Devi et al » Zeuxine flava (Orchidaceae): New addition to flora of Manipur NeBIO 10(4): 242-245 Figure 1. Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen. 1: Plant habit, 2: Leaves, 3: Fruits, 4: Flowers, 5: Fruit, 6: Seeds, 7: Root. Figure 2. Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen. a) Plant habit, b) Fruits, c) Fruit, Flower & Leaf, d) Inflorescence 243 ISSN 2278-2281 (Online), 0976-3597 (Print) I www.nebio.in Devi et al » Zeuxine flava (Orchidaceae): New addition to flora of Manipur NeBIO 10(4): 242-245 Figure 3. Zeuxine flava, 1: Habit, 2: Plant in fruiting stage, 3: ex-situ conservation Material and methods Distribution. India (Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Kerala, 12 individuals of Zeuxine flava were collected from the Imphal Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Manipur), Bhutan, Myanmar, Sri east region and put into the plant genetic resource garden of Lanka, Thailand, Nepal, China, Vietnam (Dangol 2005; Rao 2010; Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Imphal for ex-situ Rajendra et al., 2012; Pan et al., 2015; Liu et al., 2015; Gogoi et conservation. The plant parts were analyzed under the microscope al., 2015). and herbarium materials (APRF-MAN-BCD/2018-0001) were Flowering & Fruiting: March deposited at the herbarium of Biodiversity Conservation Division, Habitat: In Tropical moist deciduous forest near hill slopes. Ambika Prasad Research Foundation, Imphal. The plant identification was based on the critical study of their morphology Specimen examined: INDIA, Manipur, Imphal East district, and key characters (Liu et al., 2015; Ormerod 2018). The Koirengei, 24°55ʹ22.3ʺN & 93°58ʹ23.5ʺE, 770 m asl, March 2018, associated species were enumerated as per Bentham and Rajkumari RS and Kumar S. APRFH-M-09, APRF, Imphal. Hooker’s system of classification (Table 1, Fig. 4). Notes: The collected plant species was found near hill slopes. The Taxonomic treatment most common associate species is Begonia picta Sm which Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen. J. Ceylon Branch Roy. reflects the moist habitat and fertile soil with diverse microbial Asiat. Soc. 9: 90. 1885. (Figs. 1-3) symbiotic association (Nautiyal et al., 2009). Synonyms: Haplochilus flavus (Wall. ex Lindl.) D. Diets (1852), Hetaeriaf lava Lindl. ex Wall. (1832), Monochilus flavus Wall. Ex Table 1. List of species growing in association with Zeuxine flava Lindl (1840), Zeuxine aurantica Schltr (1924). Species Family Status Ampelopteris prolifera (Retz.) Copel. Thelypteridaceae LC Terrestrial upto 30 cm tall; Stem hairy, twisted; rhizome creeping. Lobelia nummularia Lam. Campanulaceae LC Leaves ovate-lanceolate to elliptic, acute, 2.5 x 3.6 – 1.2 x 1.6 cm; Lindernia ruellioides (Colsm.) Pennell Scrophulariaceae LC Begonia picta Sm. Begoniaceae LC petioles sheathing at base, 0.9 – 1.2 cm. Flowers yellow, 0.3-0.4 Monstera deliciosa Liebm. Araceae LC cm. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng Rutaceae LC obtuse. Petals oblong, obtuse. Lip bilobed. Capsules brown, 0.8 Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv Poaceae LC mm long. Seeds flat, elongated, brown in colour. Porella L. spp Porellaceae LC Physcomitrium pyriforme (Hedw.) Hampe Funariaceae LC LC: Least Concern; Conservation status (IUCN 2019) 244 ISSN 2278-2281 (Online), 0976-3597 (Print) I www.nebio.in Devi et al » Zeuxine flava (Orchidaceae): New addition to flora of Manipur NeBIO 10(4): 242-245 Linthoingambi, L., Ghosh, S.K., Das, A.K. and Singh, P.K. 2014. Conservation of orchids in Imphal valley, Manipur. Journal of Energy Research and Environmental Technology 1(1): 11-13. Liu, Q.X., Cheng, Z.Q., Tan, H.Y., Hsu, T.C. and Tian, H.Z. 2015. Morphologica comparisons of two pairs of easily confused species in subtribe Goodyerinae (Crinichideae; Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 202(3): 207-213. Mao, A.A. and Deori, C. 2018. Check-list of Orchids of Manipur.-A pictorial handbook. Forest Department, Government of Manipur and Botanical Survey of India, Government of India. Misra, S. 2007. Orchids of India, A glimpse. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, 402 pp Miura, C., Yamaguchi, K., Miyahara, R., Yamamoto, T., Fuji, M., Yagame, T., Anraku, H.I., Yamato, M., Shigenobu, S. and Kaminaka, H. 2018. The mycoheterotrophic symbiosis between orchids and mycorrhizal fungi possesses major components shared with mutualistic plant-mycorrhizal symbioses. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 31(10): Figure 4. Associate plants with Zeuxine flava : 1. Oplismenus 1032-1047. hirtellus, 2. Begonia picta, 3. Murraya koenigii 4. Lindernia Muthukumar, T., Uma, E., Karthikeyan, A., Sathiyadash, K., Jaison, ruellioides S., Priyadharsini, P., Chonhtham, I. and Maniappan, V. 2011. Morophology, anatomy and mycorrhizae in subterranean parts References of Zeuxine gracilis (Orchidaceae). Anales de Biologia 33:127- Bhattacharjee, A. and Chowdhery, H.J. 2010. Zeuxine grandis 134. Seidenf. (Orchidaceae) - An addition to the orchid flora of Nautiyal, D.C., Sharma, S.K. and Pandit, M.K. 2009. Notes on the India. Taiwania 55(3): 315-317. taxonomic history of two rare species of Begonia Bhattacharjee, A. and Chowdhery, H.J. 2013. Two Frequently (Begoniaceae) from Sikkim Himalaya and their conservation. Confused Species of ‘Jewel Orchid’ (Orchidaceae – Journal of Botanical Research Institute of Texas 3(2): 823- Goodyerinae) from India. Taiwania 58(3): 213-216. 830. Dangol, D.R. 2005. Species composition, distribution, life forms Ormerod, P. 2018. Notes on Zeuxine Lindl. (Orchidaceae: and folk nomenclature of forest and common land plants of Goodyerinae). Harvard Papers in Botany 23(2): 269-277. Western Chitwan, Nepal. Journal of the Institute of Pan, Y.Y., Zhang, S.Z., Wang, X.M., Liu, H.J. and Liao, W.B. 2015. Agricultural and Animal Sciences 26: 93-105. The orchid species and floristic characteristics in Shenzen, Devi, R.S., Swain, S.R., Rath, S.K., Kumar, S. and Dhal, N.K. 2019. China. Subtropical Plant Sciences 44(2): 116-122. Coelogyne fimbriata Lindl. var. burmanensis Kumar: a new Porter, J.N. 1942. The mycorrhiza of Zeuxine strateumatica. orchid species from Manipur, India.
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