The Light of Knowledge. Brief Historical Outline of Some of the Talented
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A New Research Resource for Optical Recognition of Embossed and Hand-Punched Hindi Devanagari Braille Characters: Bharati Braille Bank
I.J. Image, Graphics and Signal Processing, 2015, 6, 19-28 Published Online May 2015 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/) DOI: 10.5815/ijigsp.2015.06.03 A New Research Resource for Optical Recognition of Embossed and Hand-Punched Hindi Devanagari Braille Characters: Bharati Braille Bank Shreekanth.T Research Scholar, JSS Research Foundation, Mysore, India. Email: [email protected] V.Udayashankara Professor, Department of IT, SJCE, Mysore, India. Email: [email protected] Abstract—To develop a Braille recognition system, it is required to have the stored images of Braille sheets. This I. INTRODUCTION paper describes a method and also the challenges of Braille is a language for the blind to read and write building the corpora for Hindi Devanagari Braille. A few through the sense of touch. Braille is formatted to a Braille databases and commercial software's are standard size by Frenchman Louis Braille in 1825.Braille obtainable for English and Arabic Braille languages, but is a system of raised dots arranged in cells. Any none for Indian Braille which is popularly known as Bharathi Braille. However, the size and scope of the combination of one to six dots may be raised within each English and Arabic Braille language databases are cell and the number and position of the raised dots within a cell convey to the reader the letter, word, number, or limited. Researchers frequently develop and self-evaluate symbol the cell exemplifies. There are 64 possible their algorithm based on the same private data set and combinations of raised dots within a single cell. -
The Current State of Braille on Packaging in Canada and Whether It Should Change
Ryerson University Graphic Communications Management GCM 490 - 011: Thesis The Current State of Braille on Packaging in Canada and Whether it Should Change Prepared by: Betty Lim 500714268 7 December 2020 1 Abstract This paper aims to explore the current state of braille on packaging. It provides a brief history and overview on braille and braille on packaging that highlights key milestones. It offers facts and statistics on braille and visually impaired people. It also demonstrates the guidelines and how to properly execute braille on the packaging. The paper compares both sides of the topic to come to a final conclusion as to whether braille on packaging should be more commonplace in Canada. The advantages of implementing braille on packaging is that it is more inclusive, increases accessibility, convenience and independence for the visually impaired people. The disadvantages of implementing braille on packaging is that it is costly, it statistically benefits few, it is hard to implement and more importantly check. Other alternatives such as devices and emerging technologies are also examined as other means of providing the same solution that increased braille on packaging would. The paper evaluates the topic from three different perspectives: the everyday consumer, the manufacturer and the visually impaired to determine whether braille on packaging should be more commonplace in Canada. 2 Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................. 2 Introduction .......................................................................................... -
LEARNING in the 21ST CENTURY Author Photograph : © Monsitj/Istockphoto
FRANÇOIS TADDEI LEARNING IN THE 21ST CENTURY Author photograph : © Monsitj/iStockphoto © Version française, Calmann-Lévy, 2018 SUMMARY FRANÇOIS TADDEI with Emmanuel Davidenkoff LEARNING IN THE 21ST CENTURY Translated from French by Timothy Stone SUMMARY SUMMARY To all those who have taught me so much. SUMMARY SUMMARY If you want to build a ship, don’t drum up people to collect wood and don’t assign them tasks and work, but rather teach them to long for the endless immensity of the sea...” Antoine de SAINT-EXUPÉRY, Citadelle SUMMARY Summary Prologue ......................................................................................................................................................... 11 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................13 1. Why will we learn differently st in the 21 century? ................................................................................................21 2. What i’ve learned ...........................................................................................55 3. New ways of teaching .........................................................................79 4. Before you can learn, you have to unlearn ...................................................................................113 5. Learn to ask (yourself) good questions ........................................................................................................201 6. A how-to guide for a learning planet -
Iran Animation Takes Part in Chinese Festival
Art & Culture January 4, 2020 3 This Day in History (January 4) Iran Animation Takes Part Today is Saturday; 14th of the Iranian month of Dey 1398 solar hijri; corresponding to 8th of the Islamic month of Jamadi al-Awwal 1441 lunar hijri; and January 4, 2020, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. 503 solar years ago, on this day in 1517 AD, the Battle of Ridhaniya near Cairo, led to the total victory of the Ottoman Turks of Sultan Salim I over the in Chinese Festival Turkic Mamluk dynasty of Egypt and the killing of Sultan Bay. In this battle, Kong Arts Centre will be receiving regardless of the fact that, their the Ottoman commander, Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha, who had engineered a resounding victory over the Mamluks in the decisive Battle of Khan Yunus in Iranian animation on the aftermath countries are burning in the fire of Gaza on October 28, lost his life. This last phase of the Ottoman-Mamluk wars of war directed by Lida Fazli. a war that the adults have brought started in August 1516, when Sultan Salim, two years after his narrow victory In an earlier exclusive talk with upon it. at Chaldiran in Azarbaijan over the Shah of Persia, Ismail I, suddenly invaded ifilm, Fazli had said that she has According to the official website Syria, since he greatly feared the Iranians might reorganize and counterattack in made the short to convey the of the event, this year edition of the view of the widespread influence of the Safavids in Syria and Anatolia (modern day Turkey). -
History of the Education of the Blind
HISTORY OF THE EDUCATION OF THE BLIND HISTORY OF THE EDUCATION OF THE BLIND BY W. H. ILLINGWORTH, F.G.T.B. SUPERINTENDENT OP HENSHAW's BLIND ASYLUM, OLD TRAFFORD, MANCHESTER HONORARY SECRETARY TO THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS OF THE COLLEGE OF TEACHERS OF THE BLIND LONDON SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & COMPANY, LTD. 1910 PRISTKD BY HAZELL, WATSON AND VINEY, LI)., LONDON AND AYLKSBURY. MY BELOVED FRIEND AND COUNSELLOR HENRY J. WILSON (SECRETARY OP THE GARDNER'S TRUST FOR THE BLIND) THIS LITTLE BOOK IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED IN THE EARNEST HOPE THAT IT MAY BE THE HUMBLE INSTRUMENT IN GOD'S HANDS OF ACCOMPLISHING SOME LITTLE ADVANCEMENT IN THE GREAT WORK OF THE EDUCATION OF THE BLIND W. II. ILLINGWORTH AUTHOR 214648 PREFACE No up-to-date treatise on the important and interesting " " subject of The History of the Education of the Blind being in existence in this country, and the lack of such a text-book specially designed for the teachers in our blind schools being grievously felt, I have, in response to repeated requests, taken in hand the compilation of such a book from all sources at my command, adding at the same time sundry notes and comments of my own, which the experience of a quarter of a century in blind work has led me to think may be of service to those who desire to approach and carry on their work as teachers of the blind as well equipped with information specially suited to their requirements as circumstances will permit. It is but due to the juvenile blind in our schools that the men and women to whom their education is entrusted should not only be acquainted with the mechanical means of teaching through the tactile sense, but that they should also be so steeped in blind lore that it becomes second nature to them to think of and see things from the blind person's point of view. -
Syria , Recensions 2
Syria Archéologie, art et histoire Recensions | 2019 Book reviews Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/syria/8045 DOI : 10.4000/syria.8045 ISSN : 2076-8435 Éditeur IFPO - Institut français du Proche-Orient Référence électronique Recensions, 2019, Syria [En ligne], consulté le 25 septembre 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/syria/8045 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/syria.8045 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 25 septembre 2020. © Presses IFPO 1 SOMMAIRE Olivier CALLOT, Déhès II : Les pressoirs Dimitri Van Limbergen Jean-Marc HOFMAN & Emmanuel PÉNICAUT (dir.), Le Crac des Chevaliers. Chroniques d’un rêve de pierre Jean-Louis Huot René LEBRUN, Julien DE VOS & Étienne VAN QUICKELBERGHE (éd.), Deus Unicus. Actes du colloque « Aux origines du monothéisme et du scepticisme religieux » Stéphanie Anthonioz Annie CAUBET (éd.), Idols. The power of Images Hélène Le Meaux Johann TISCHLER, Hethitische Texte in Transkription KUB 56 und KUB 57 Alice Mouton Peter RICHARDSON & Amy Marie FISHER, Herod. King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans Maurice Sartre Pierre-Louis GATIER, Julien ALIQUOT & Lévon NORDIGUIAN (éd.), Sources de l’histoire de Tyr. II. Textes et images de l’Antiquité et du Moyen Âge Annie Sartre-Fauriat Győző VÖRÖS (éd.), Machaerus III. The Golden Jubilee of the Archaeological Excavations. Final Report on the Herodian Citadel, 1968-2018 Maurice Sartre Leah DI SEGNI et Yoram TSAFRIR, avec Judith GREEN (éd.), The Onomasticon of Iudaea- Palaestina and Arabia in the Greek and Latin sources : Vol. I. Introduction, sources, major texts ; vol. II.1. Aalac Mons-Arabia, chapter 4 ; vol. II.2. Arabia, chapter 5- Azzeira. -
Following Sub-Sections: 1) Languageintroduction, Grade 6
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 051 153 SP 007 203 TITLE Curriculum Guide, English for Grades VI-IX. INST:aUTIO/ Boston Public Schools, Mass. PUB DATE 70 NOTE 307p.; School Document No 2-1970 AVAILABLE FROM Boston School Committee, 15 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass. 02108 ($3.75, check payable to The City of Boston) EtRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$13.16 DESCRIPTORS Composition (Literary), *Curriculum Guides, *English Curriculum, English Literature, Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, *Intermediate Grades, *Junior High Schools, Language Instruction, *Middle Schools ABSTRACT GRADES OR AGES: Grades 6-9. SUBJECT MATTER: English. ORGANIZATION AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: The guide has three main sections dealing with language, literature, and composition with the following sub-sections: 1) languageintroduction, grade 6, grade 7, grade 8, grade 9, chronology, bibliography, spelling, listening skills; 2) literature -- overview and teaching techuiguez, grade 6, grade 7, grade 8, grade 9, choral speaking; and 3) composition. The guide is mimeographed and spiral-bound with a soft cover. OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES: Objectives are listed for the various topics. Suggested classroom activities andtudent enrichment activities are included in the text. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: References to texts and materials are given at the end of sone sub-sections. There is also a bibliography, and a list of suggested texts for composition. STUDENT ASSESSMENT: The section on composition includes a oriel description of evaluation techniques for the teacher. (MBM) .=r II PERSYSSieN TO PCPROOVCE THIS IVINP 1111111111 MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRAMM BY kg-21c.y 4-097:. elyzAre__,__ TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPYRATING UNDER AGREEMENTS Was THE ,u$ OffiCE OF EDUCATIONFOP r'R REPFOPUCTION OUTSIDE THE ERIC ,a.'ENI REQUIRES PER MISSION CIF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER School Document No. -
History of Binary and Other Nondecimal Numeration
HISTORY OF BINARY AND OTHER NONDECIMAL NUMERATION BY ANTON GLASER Professor of Mathematics, Pennsylvania State University TOMASH PUBLISHERS Copyright © 1971 by Anton Glaser Revised Edition, Copyright 1981 by Anton Glaser All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Glaser, Anton, 1924- History of binary and other nondecimal numeration. Based on the author's thesis (Ph. D. — Temple University), presented under the title: History of modern numeration systems. Bibliography: p. 193 Includes Index. 1. Numeration — History. I. Title QA141.2.G55 1981 513'.5 81-51176 ISBN 0-938228-00-5 AACR2 To My Wife, Ruth ACKNOWLEDGMENTS THIS BOOK is based on the author’s doctoral dissertation, History of Modern Numeration Systems, written under the guidance of Morton Alpren, Sara A. Rhue, and Leon Steinberg of Temple University in Philadelphia, Pa. Extensive help was received from the libraries of the Academy of the New Church (Bryn Athyn, Pa.), the American Philosophical Society, Pennsylvania State University, Temple University, the University of Michigan, and the University of Pennsylvania. The photograph of Figure 7 was made available by the New York Public Library; the library of the University of Pennsylvania is the source of the photographs in Figures 2 and 6. The author is indebted to Harold Hanes, Joseph E. Hofmann, Donald E. Knuth, and Brian J. Winkel, who were kind enough to communicate their comments about the strengths and weaknesses of the original edition. The present revised edition is the better for it. A special thanks is also owed to John Wagner for his careful editorial work and to Adele Clark for her thorough preparation of the Index. -
Nemeth Code Uses Some Parts of Textbook Format but Has Some Idiosyncrasies of Its Own
This book is a compilation of research, in “Understanding and Tracing the Problem faced by the Visually Impaired while doing Mathematics” as a Diploma project by Aarti Vashisht at the Srishti School of Art, Design and Technology, Bangalore. 6 DOTS 64 COMBINATIONS A Braille character is formed out of a combination of six dots. Including the blank space, sixty four combinations are possible using one or more of these six dots. CONTENTS Introduction 2 About Braille 32 Mathematics for the Visually Impaired 120 Learning Mathematics 168 C o n c l u s i o n 172 P e o p l e a n d P l a c e s 190 Acknowledgements INTRODUCTION This project tries to understand the nature of the problems that are faced by the visually impaired within the realm of mathematics. It is a summary of my understanding of the problems in this field that may be taken forward to guide those individuals who are concerned about this subject. My education in design has encouraged interest in this field. As a designer I have learnt to be aware of my community and its needs, to detect areas where design can reach out and assist, if not resolve, a problem. Thus began, my search, where I sought to grasp a fuller understanding of the situation by looking at the various mediums that would help better communication. During the project I realized that more often than not work happened in individual pockets which in turn would lead to regionalization of many ideas and opportunities. Data collection got repetitive, which would delay or sometimes even hinder the process. -
World Braille Usage, Third Edition
World Braille Usage Third Edition Perkins International Council on English Braille National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped Library of Congress UNESCO Washington, D.C. 2013 Published by Perkins 175 North Beacon Street Watertown, MA, 02472, USA International Council on English Braille c/o CNIB 1929 Bayview Avenue Toronto, Ontario Canada M4G 3E8 and National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., USA Copyright © 1954, 1990 by UNESCO. Used by permission 2013. Printed in the United States by the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress, 2013 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World braille usage. — Third edition. page cm Includes index. ISBN 978-0-8444-9564-4 1. Braille. 2. Blind—Printing and writing systems. I. Perkins School for the Blind. II. International Council on English Braille. III. Library of Congress. National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. HV1669.W67 2013 411--dc23 2013013833 Contents Foreword to the Third Edition .................................................................................................. viii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... x The International Phonetic Alphabet .......................................................................................... xi References ............................................................................................................................ -
Touch Exhibition 21St, 22Nd, and 23Rd, August, 2008
Louis Braille Touch Exhibition 21st, 22nd, and 23rd, August, 2008 International Conference Centre 17 rue de Varembé CH – 1211 Geneva 20 Noëlle ROY Curator of the Valentin Haüy Museum Exhibition Organiser © ASSOCIATION VALENTIN HAÜY 5 rue Duroc Fr-75007 PARIS T. 33 (0)1 44 49 27 27 www.avh.asso.fr Louis Braille Touch Exhibition Genève, 21st, 22nd, and 23rd, August, 2008 2 Louis Braille 1809 - 1852 Touch Exhibition Presented by the Valentin Haüy Association 7th General Meeting of the Word Blind Union International Conference Centre 17 rue de Varembé CH – 1211 Geneva 20 21st, 22nd, and 23rd, August, 2008 3 Louis Braille Touch Exhibition Genève, 21st, 22nd, and 23rd, August, 2008 Louis Braille Touch Exhibition Genève, 21st, 22nd, and 23rd, August, 2008 4 Louis Braille’s life Louis Braille was born on 4th January 1809 in Coupvray, a small village in Seine-et- Marne about 30 kilometres from Paris. His family had been saddlemakers for generations. At the age of three, he wounded an eye while playing with some tools in his father’s workshop. He turned out to be a lively, inquisitive child, characteristics which his family nurtured even after his blindness became permanent and total. After attending his village school, he entered the ROYAL INSTITUTION FOR THE YOUNG BLIND in Paris at the age of ten. This was housed in the former St. Firmin seminary at N° 68 rue St. Victor. These buildings, no longer standing, were located where N°° 2, 4 & 4 b rue des Écoles are now to be found. It was a cold, damp, uncomfortable, unhealthy place, ridden with tuberculosis, which Louis Braille was to die of. -
Acting for the Autonomy of Blind and Partially Sighted Persons
Acting for the autonomy of blind and partially sighted persons ASSOCIATION VALENTIN HAÜY Corporate brochure SUMMARY P.2 INTRODUCTION ••About us p.3 ••Our associative project p.4 OUR REGIONAL DELEGATIONS P.10 ••Ours missions p.6 OUR SERVICES P.12 ■ The social and legal department p.12 ■ The accessibility department p.14 ■ Specialized equipment p.18 ■ The multimedia library Valentin Haüy p.20 ■ Recording of talking books and programs in audiovision p.22 ■ Production of suitable media p.24 ■ Cultural and leisure activities p.26 ■ Sport activities p.27 ■ Holiday trips p.27 OUR FACILITIES P.28 ■ Protected sector facilities : p.28 ESAT / center / SAVS -life aide services- Odette Witkowska ESAT / center / SAVS d’Escolore ■ Facilities in the adapted sector : p.29 EA - adapted businesses - Atelier de la Villette EA - adapted businesses - Frère Francès ■ Training facilities : p.30 CFRP - Training and vocational rehabilitation center IMPro - Medico-professional institute ■ SAVS-DV Paris - Social support service for the visually impaired in Paris p.31 ■ Valentin Haüy residential center of Paris p.31 P.32 VOLUNTEERING ••Volunteering, a selected time p.32 ••Contributions, bequests, donations, life insurance p.33 P.34 HISTORY OF THE ASSOCIATION VALENTIN HAÜY 2 ABOUT US ? The association Valentin Haüy with blind and partially sighted persons P.12 The association Valentin Haüy, founded in FOREWORD 1889 by Maurice de La Sizeranne and state- approved in 1891, has a history of helping I am pleased to present the visually impaired. For more than 125 the corporate brochure of years, it has been involved in a wide range our association so that you of services and activities throughout France, can better understand its to: organization and missions, • Defend the rights of people with sight but also easily get in touch loss, with us regarding your • Provide them a suitable training and specific needs.