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Bankfull Discharge Recurrence Interval in Gravel-Bed Rivers
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS, VOL 22, 685±693 (1997) BANKFULL DISCHARGE RECURRENCE INTERVAL IN GRAVEL-BED RIVERS F. PETIT* AND A. PAUQUET Department of Physical Geography, University of LiÁege, Institut de GÂeographie, AllÂee du AoÃut, 2, Sart Tilman, BÃatiment B11, B4000 LiÁege, Belgium Received 17 February 1995; Revised 22 August 1996; Accepted 31 August 1996 ABSTRACT Bankfull discharge was identi®ed in some 30 gravel-bed rivers representing in total c. 40 gauging stations. The catchment sizes vary from 4km2 to nearly 2700km2. Bankfull discharge value increases with basin size. In the case of gravel-bed 1´044 rivers developed on an impermeable substratum, the following equation emerges: Qb=0´087 A . Bankfull discharge recurrence interval was determined by ®tting maximum annual ¯oods (Ta) into Gumbel's distribution and then using the partial duration series (Tp) in this same distribution. Recurrence interval is below 0´7 years (Tp) for small pebble-bed rivers developed on an impermeable substratum; it reaches 1´1 to 1´5 years when the catchment size of these rivers exceeds 250km2. Rivers incised in the soft schists of the Famenne show larger channel capacity at bankfull stage, a small width/ depth ratio and thus higher recurrence intervals (1´4±5´3 years with Ta and 1±4´4 years with Tp). Base¯ow-dominated gravel-bed streams and sandy or silty rivers experience less frequent bankfull discharges, with a recurrence interval higher than 2 or even 3 years (Tp). 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Earth surf. process. landforms, 22, 685±693 (1997) No. of ®gures: 5 No. -
Liste Des Maisons Du Tourisme
LISTE DES MAISONS DU TOURISME Nom de la Maison du Pro_ Composition Communes Adresse Tourisme vince Beauvechain, Braine-l'Alleud, Braine-le- Château, Chastre, Chaumont-Gistoux, Court- Saint-Etienne, Genappe, Grez-Doiceau, Maison du Tourisme du Hélécine, Incourt, Ittre, Jodoigne, La Hulpe, Chaussée de Bruxelles, 66 BW Brabant wallon Lasne, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Nivelles, Orp- 1472 GENAPPE Jauche, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Perwez, Ramillies, Rebecq, Rixensart, Tubize, Wavre, Villers-la-Ville, Walhain, Waterloo, Contact : [email protected] Maison du Tourisme de la Comines-Warneton, Estaimpuis, Place Gérard Kasiers, 15 Wallonie Picarde (Antenne HT Mouscron 7700 MOUSCRON Mouscron) Contact : [email protected] Braine-le-Comte, Binche, Centrissime, la Maison du Chapelle-lez-Herlaimont, Ecaussines, Place Mansart, 21/22 HT Tourisme du Pays du Centre Estinnes, La Louvière, Le Roeulx, 7100 LA LOUVIERE Manage, Morlanwelz, Seneffe, Soignies Contact : [email protected] Boussu, Colfontaine, Dour, Frameries, Maison du Tourisme de la Hensies, Honnelles, Jurbise, Grand Place, 22 HT Région de Mons Lens, Mons, Quaregnon, Quévy, 7000 MONS Quiévrain, Saint-Ghislain Contact : [email protected] Antoing, Ath, Beloeil, Bernissart, Brugelette, Brunehaut, Celles, Chièvres, Ellezelles, Maison du Tourisme de Enghien, Flobecq, Lessines, Quai Saint-Brice, 35 Wallonie Picarde (Antenne HT Pecq, Frasnes-lez-Anvaing, Péruwelz, 7500 TOURNAI Tournai) Leuze-en-Hainaut, Mont de l’Enclus, Rumes, Silly, Tournai Contact : [email protected] mise à jour : mai -
Sequence Analysis and Transition to Adulthood: an Exploration of the Access to Reproduction in Nineteenth-Century East Belgium in Ph
Cite as : Oris, M. & G. Ritschard (2014) Sequence analysis and transition to adulthood: An exploration of the access to reproduction in nineteenth-century East Belgium in Ph. Blanchard, F. Bühlmann and J.-A. Gauthier (eds) Advances in Sequences Analysis: Theory, Methods, Applications. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Pages 151-167. Sequence analysis and transition to adulthood: An exploration of the access to reproduction in Nineteenth- 1 Century East Belgium Michel Oris and Gilbert Ritschard Abstract In the population history of European pre-industrial population, late marriage and high level of final celibacy are seen as the most important components of demographic regimes, avoiding an excessive demographic pressure on scarce resources. While during the last decades the scientific approach emphasized the study of individual life trajectories, life transitions are still often considered isolated from each other. In this paper, we look at marriage from an original perspective, as one event on the road to adulthood, whom the position in a given life course is related with other steps like leaving home, establishing a household, and the access to legitimate reproduction through a first birth. Sequence analysis is definitively the appropriate tool for a holistic and integrative approach of the various roads young men and women could take to enter into adulthood. Working on 19th century rural regions in East Belgium, we used TraMineR to reconstruct sequences and identified four clusters both for males and females. To complete this exploratory data-mining with an explanatory point of view, we proceeded to univariate ANOVA-like discrepancy analyses of the life trajectories, and then grew a regression tree for our sequences. -
Carte Des Sols De La Belgique B O D E M K a a R T V a N B E L G I
CARTE DES SOLS DE LA BELGIQUE BODEMKAAR T VAN BELGIË TEXTE EXPLICATIF DE LA PLANCHETTE DE VERKLARENDE TEKST BIJ HET KAARTBLAD HERVE 122 E Edité sous les auspices de Uitgegeven onder de auspiciën l'Institut pour l'encouragement van het Instituut tot aanmoe• de la Recherche Scientifique diging van het Wetenschappe• dans l'Industrie et l'Agricul• lijk Onderzoek in Nijverheid ture (LR. S. LA.) en Landbouw (LW.O.N.L.) 1964 Liste des cartes des sols, à l'échelle de 1/20 000, avec texte explicatif pouvant être obtenues au secrétariat du Comité pour l'établissement de la Carte des Sols et de la Végétation de la Belgique 6, Rozier, Gand, contre versement du prix de vente au compte chèques postaux n° 3016.86. Cartes des sols avec texte explicatif français, samenvatting in het 'Nederlandi 103 E Hamme-Mille 136'A Reinarizhof - 136'B Hoschett 108 W Visé (150 F) 110 E Ploegsteert 141 E Seneffe 114 E Enghien 142 W Gouy-lez-Piéton 115 W Rebecq-Rognon 142 E Gosseltes 115 E htre 143 W Fleurus 116 W Waterloo 143 E Spy 117 E Chaumont-Gisfoux 147 W Javier 118 W Jodoigne 147 E Esneux 118 E Jauche 148 W Louveigné 119 W Hannut 148 E Spa 119 E Montena\en 149 W San 120 W Waremme 152 W Einehe 120 E Momalle 152 E Morlanwelz 121 W Alleur 153 W Fontaine-l'Evêque 121 E Liège 156 E Ohey 122 W Dalhem 157 W Modme 122 E Hervé 165 E Mettet 123'A Petergensfeld 167 W Natoye 126 E Ath 167 E Ciney 127 W Lens 168 W Maffe 127 E Soignies 168 E Grandhan 128 W Braine-le-Comte 169 W Durbuy 128 E Feluy 176 E Leignon 129 W Nivelles 178 E Dochamps 129 E Genappe 179 W Odeigne 130 W Chastre-Villeroux-Blanmont 179 E Bihain 130 E Gembloux 180 W Bovigny 131 W Pertvez 187 W Champion 131 E Eghezée 187 E La Roche-en-Ardenne 132 W Wasseiges 188 W Wibrin 132 E Braives 195 E Saint-Hubert 133 W Jehay-Bodegnée 196 W Amberîoup 135 W Fléron 196 E Flamierge 135 E Verviers 203 W Libin 136 W Limbourg 203 E Bras 136 E Eupen 223 W Saint-Léger 226 W Musson (100 F) Prix : 125 F (sauf indication contraire) Mémoire — Contribution à l'étude des terrains superficiels de la région condrusienne 320 p., 84 fig. -
Smart Chemistry Specialisation Strategy
Smart Chemistry Specialisation Strategy “Report on current status of implementation of Regional Innovation Strategies in Limburg” October 2016 2 Table of Content 1. Description of Partner Region ......................................................................................... 5 1.1 General Description ................................................................................................. 5 1.2 Economic indicators ................................................................................................ 7 1.3 Challenges for the region ........................................................................................ 8 2. Description of chemical / bioeconomy industry ............................................................... 9 2.1 General Description ................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Indicators (NACE Code 20 Chemical Industry and 22 Plastics Industry) ................11 2.3 Challenges for the industry .....................................................................................11 3. Description of Regional Innovation Strategy ..................................................................13 3.1 General Description, Challenges and Objectives ....................................................13 3.2 Focus on chemistry / bioeconomy, etc. – highlight thematic priorities .....................16 4. Description of ERDF Operational Program ....................................................................19 4.1 General Structure -
The Red Marble of Baelen, an Exceptional Mid-Famennian Mud Mound Complex in a Carbonate Ramp Setting from Eastern Belgium
STRATA, 2015, série 1, vol. 16. IGCP596–SDS Symposium (Brussels, September 2015) The Red Marble of Baelen, an exceptional mid-Famennian mud mound complex in a carbonate ramp setting from Eastern Belgium Roland Dreesen1, Daniel Vachard2, Jean-Marc Marion3 & Bernard Mottequin1 1Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, O.D. Earth and History of Life, Vautierstreet 29, B 1000 Brussels, Belgium. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected] 2Université de Lille 1, UFR Sciences Terre, UMR CNRS 8198 EvoEcoPaléo, Avenue Paul Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq cedex, France. E-mail: [email protected] 3Evolution & Diversity Dynamics Lab, Université de Liège, Bat. B18, Allée du Six-Août, Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium. E-mail: [email protected] The Red Marble of Baelen from the Limbourg area (Vesdre Basin, Eastern Belgium) represents a member of the middle Famennian (late Upper Devonian) Souverain-Pré Formation (Late marginifera conodont Zone). It corresponds to a short-term transgressive event and eustatic rise during the Famennian, interrupting the regressive megasequence on the Condroz shelf in Belgium. It is the only known or at least the only well- documented mid-Famennian carbonate mud mound complex worldwide (Dreesen et al., 1985, 2013), after the end-Frasnian mass extinction that wiped out numerous invertebrate taxa. In contrast with the better-known Belgian red-stained Upper Frasnian mud mounds, the Famennian Baelen mud mounds are totally devoid of corals and stromatoporoids. Instead, crinoids, hexactinellid sponges and incertae sedis algae (Algospongia issinellaceans; Vachard & Cózar, 2010) have occupied here the ecological niche left behind. The macrofauna is clearly dominated by crinoids, which are generally represented by large fragments of stems and more rarely by calyxes, but also includes rare brachiopods (Athyridida, Productida and Spiriferida), bryozoans, and ? oncocerid cephalopods. -
Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles BELGIUM
Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles BELGIUM by Alain Peeters The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. All rights reserved. FAO encourages the reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Non-commercial uses will be authorized free of charge, upon request. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes, including educational purposes, may incur fees. Applications for permission to reproduce or disseminate FAO copyright materials, and all queries concerning rights and licences, should be addressed by e-mail to [email protected] or to the Chief, Publishing Policy and Support Branch, Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy. © FAO 2010 3 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 5 Country location 5 2. SOILS AND TOPOGRAPHY 8 Topography and geology 8 Soil types 10 3. CLIMATE AND AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES 11 Climate 11 Geographical regions 13 Agro-ecological regions 14 Forests 22 4. -
Limbourg Encadré, Flyer
Parcours suggéré Suggested footpath Limbourg encadré [FR] Les plus beaux points de vue [EN] The most stunning viewpoints Éditeur responsable Ville de Limbourg Av. V. David, 15 4830 Limbourg Carte Map 5 6 7 4 3 2 1 Découvrez les points de vue à proximité des promenades balisées suivantes: Arboretum de Goé, Coingsoux, 4834 Goé 1 via Route de Hèvremont, 4834 Goé 2 via Halloux, 4830 Limbourg 3 via Halloux, 4830 Limbourg 4 via Grandes Terres, 4831 Bilstain 5 <5min Polenterie, 4831 Bilstain 6 via Boxho, 4830 Limbourg (Dolhain) 7 via 1 Les deux clochers [FR] A droite, l’église Saint-Lambert et son clocher tors du XVème siècle. Le clocher fait partie de l'association des clochers tors d'Europe. A gauche, sur le site de Limbourg, se trouve l’église Saint-Georges datant du XIIème siècle. Limbourg est labellisé "Plus Beau Village de Wallonie". [NL] Rechts prijkt de Église Saint-Lambert met haar bijzondere gedraaide torenspits uit de 15de eeuw. Deze toren staat geregistreerd bij de vereniging Les Clochers Tors d’Europe. Links is de 12de-eeuwse Église Saint-Georges te zien, op het grondgebied van Limbourg. Het dorp Limbourg kreeg het label van ‘Plus Beau Village de Wallonie’. [DE] echts die Kirche Saint-Lambert und ihr geflammter (gewundener) Glockenturm aus dem 15. Jahrhundert. Mit seiner Form, die in Europa nur rund 100 Mal vorkommt, wird der Turm von der AVereinigung geflammter Glockentürme Europas gelistet. Links die Kirche Saint-Georges in Limburg aus dem 12. Jahrhundert. Limburg wird auch als „Schönstes Dorf der Wallonie“ bezeichnet. [EN] On the right, Saint-Lambert church and its crooked spire from the 15th century. -
Landscape-Level Thresholds and Newt Conservation
Ecological Applications, 17(1), 2007, pp. 302–309 Ó 2007 by the Ecological Society of America LANDSCAPE-LEVEL THRESHOLDS AND NEWT CONSERVATION 1,3 2 MATHIEU DENOE¨L AND G. FRANCESCO FICETOLA 1Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Behavioural Biology Unit, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Lie`ge, 22 Quai van Beneden, 4020 Lie`ge, Belgium 2UMR CNRS 5553 Equipe ge´nomique des populations et Biodiversite´, University of Savoie, Le Bourget du Lac, France Abstract. Ecological thresholds are defined as points or zones at which a rapid change occurs from one ecological condition to another. The existence of thresholds in species–habitat relationships has important implications for management, but the lack of concordance across studies and the wide range of methods used make generalizations difficult. We used two different statistical methods to test for the existence of thresholds for both individual species and the whole community, using three newt species as models. Based on a sample of 371 ponds, we found significant thresholds for both landscape configuration and composition. These were for the relationships between distance to forest and occurrence of Triturus alpestris and T. helveticus, and forest and crop cover and T. helveticus. Variability in the location of thresholds observed for the different species in this study caution against their use at the community level. Future studies should be based on the identification and assessment of thresholds for targeted species. Thresholds can be a useful concept from which tools may be developed to focus conservation effort for threatened species and their habitats. Key words: breaking points; ecological thresholds; isolation; management goals; species richness; Triturus. -
Eupen Purification Plant Supplying High-Quality Water
Electricity produced by the force .com of the Vesdre River! debie www. The plant at the Vesdre Complex includes a hydro-electric power station. This power station enables Société wallone des eaux to produce green electricity. As part of project VEGI, the Eupen plant has been equipped with four new turbines. Altogether the turbines produce 5 million kWh (kilowatt hours) per year, equivalent to the annual consumption of 1,500 households. This electricity is mainly used by SWDE for supplying its own facilities, thus making large energy savings by using electricity that is completely non- polluting, since it produces no CO2 emissions. This also ensures that the purification plant’s pumps are continually supplied with electricity. Why add a nanofiltration stage to the water purification process? Société wallone des eaux is committed to › formation of a biofilm, a natural occurrence molecules that result from the injection of Eupen purification plant supplying high-quality water. This is why it in water networks. This biofilm might lime and carbonic acid that is used to make was essential to improve the operation of come loose unexpectedly according to fenland water non-corrosive to metal water (La Vesdre Complex) the Vesdre treatment plant in Eupen and the variations in flow or the level of organic pipes. the Gileppe plant in Stembert, in order to matter in the water. The consequence of this effectively remove naturally occurring and is cloudy and discoloured water, but it is not It is also necessary, therefore, to inject sodium humic organic matter (components that harmful to health. hypochlorite after the nanofiltration stage and are naturally present in the region’s soil and to replace the injection of lime and carbonic Modernised facilities to meet the new European regulations water). -
Land Van - Land Von
www.fromagedeherve.com Carrément incontournable Carrément Province de Liège 2020 Land van - Land von Aubel - Blegny - Dalhem - Fléron - Herve - Olne - Pepinster - Plombières - Soumagne - Thimister-Clermont - Visé - Welkenraedt AUBEL-ANNONCEAUBEL-ANNONCE A5_HR.pdf A5_HR.pdf 1 30-09-19 1 30-09-19 10:02:06 10:02:06 PlacePlace de la de Gare la Gare 1 B-4650 1 B-4650 Herve Herve T. +32T. +32 (0)87 (0)87 69 31 69 70 31 - 70 www.paysdeherve.be - www.paysdeherve.be [email protected]@paysdeherve.be OuvertOuvert Ma Ma> Ve > Ve WE WE OpenOpen Di >Di Vr > Vr WE WE GeöffnetGeöffnet Di >Di Fr > Fr WochenendeWochenende 01/0401/04 - 30/09 - 30/09 9 > 918 > 18 10 >10 18 > 18 01/1001/10 - 31/03 - 31/03 9 > 917 > 17 10 >10 17 > 17 OuvertOuvert les lundis les lundis FerméFermé OpenOpen op maandag op maandag 01/0701/07 01/0101/01 > 31/08> 31/08GeslotenGesloten & 25/12& 25/12 MontagsMontags geöffnet geöffnet GeschlossenGeschlossen AntenneAntenne touristique touristique du duPays Pays de deHerve Herve à Viséà Visé RueRue des desBéguines Béguines 7 7 B-4600B-4600 Visé Visé T. : +32(0)4T. : +32(0)4 374 37485 55 85 55 [email protected]@paysdeherve.be - www.paysdeherve.be - www.paysdeherve.be OuvertOuvert de 10 de à 10 17h à 17hles WEles WEet vacances et vacances scolaires. scolaires. FerméFermé le lundi le lundi excepté excepté en juillet en juillet et août. et août. 99 99 Sommaire Le Pays de Herve et sa maison du tourisme p.04 Bouger p.06 Visiter p.24 Programmer p.52 Savourer p.57 Dormir p.73 Lieux d’infos p.96 Plan p.98 Bladwijzer Blattanzeiger Het -
Assessing the Operation Rules of a Reservoir System
Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 2, 5797–5834, 2014 www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/2/5797/2014/ doi:10.5194/nhessd-2-5797-2014 NHESSD © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. 2, 5797–5834, 2014 This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Natural Hazards and Earth Assessing the System Sciences (NHESS). Please refer to the corresponding final paper in NHESS if available. operation rules of a reservoir system Assessing the operation rules of a M. Bruwier et al. reservoir system based on a detailed modelling-chain Title Page Abstract Introduction M. Bruwier, S. Erpicum, M. Pirotton, P. Archambeau, and B. Dewals Conclusions References University of Liege (ULG), Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE), Liege, Belgium Tables Figures Received: 3 July 2014 – Accepted: 27 August 2014 – Published: 9 September 2014 J I Correspondence to: M. Bruwier ([email protected]) J I Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion 5797 Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Abstract NHESSD According to available climate change scenarios for Belgium, drier summers and wetter winters are expected. In this study, we focus on two muti-purpose reservoirs located in 2, 5797–5834, 2014 the Vesdre catchment, which is part of the Meuse basin. The current operation rules 5 of the reservoirs are first analysed. Next, the impacts of two climate change scenarios Assessing the are assessed and enhanced operation rules are proposed to mitigate these impacts.