History Profile has been inhabited since at least the Paleolithic, During the Stone Age and home to one of SOMALILAND the earliest civilizations in The , The Somali Trade Enterprise extended from 1000 AD.

❖ 4th Millennium BCE, The Paleolithic. Somaliland British declared

❖ 7th century , Islamic Sultanates Are. independence from Britain on June 26th, 1960, Somaliland was the 13th independence ❖ 14th-15th century, Kingdom of Adal. nation in Africa, united with on July 1st The Republic of ❖ 1548-1884, the Ottoman Empire. 1960 and later redeclared it independence from ❖ 1884 protectorate. Somalia in May 18th, 1991. It has operated as an SOMALILAND ❖ 26th June 1960, independence from Britain. independent country since 1991 with fully functioning democratic government institutions, ❖ 26th June 1960 - 30th June 1960, Republic of Somaliland Political Stability, Security and Seeking ❖ 1st July 1960, Somali Unification. International Recognition.

❖ 1982 - 1989. Holocaust [Civil War]

❖ 5th May 1991, Resolution. Population 4.5 Million [2017] (68% are below 30 years of age) ❖ 18th May 1991, Declared Independence from Somalia.

❖ 28th May 1991, Somaliland’s 1st President Capital City

❖ 13th December 2017, Somaliland’s 5th President Main Port: Port

Location 08’00-12’27 Parallel North

42’35-49’00 Meridian East “ Long Life with Peace” Area 176,120 km²

GDP $1.9 Billion (2015)

Official Somali, , English Languages

Currency Somaliland (Lan)

Religion Sunni, Muslim Lass Geel 11,000+ Years Old Political Democrats system Geography Culture and People Political Somali ethnic group are part of the Cushitic branch of Somaliland has witnessed a huge progress over the last the Afroasiatic family in Africa’s Kingdom, inhabits the twenty seven years of self-governance. Peace and Somaliland is located north of the Equator, It is stability has been restored through the efforts of the bordered on the North by the Gulf of , on the East Horn of Africa Peninsula, and has been characterized as people of Somaliland. Democratic systems have been by the Somalia, on the South by , and on the one of the most ethnically and culturally established and have continued to evolve after five homogenous countries in Africa, Dress among successful elections at the presidential, parliamentary and West by . the sun passes vertically overhead local government levels. Peaceful transitions of power are twice a year, on 22 March and 23 September. The is diverse. In formal and public settings, such the norm, and businesspeople are able to move freely country’s climate is a mixture of wet and dry conditions. as work or school, most Somalis wear Western dress. throughout the country to assist in Somaliland’s However, traditional dress is generally favored in rural development. Established international cooperation and The northern part of the region is hilly, and in many Foreign relations with World Government like: areas and in non-formal settings, Although Food varies places the altitude ranges between 900 and 2,100 depending upon geographical region and livelihood, UAE - Kuwait - Saudi Arabia - Oman - - Norway - meters (2,953 and 6,890 ft) above sea level. The Cal generally the Somali diet is low in calories and high in Denmark, Finland - Ireland - USA - UK - Canada - Malaysia - Madow mountain range in the N includes Mt. Shimbiris, protein. Pastoral nomads, who are a significant Djibouti - Ethopia, Uganda - Kennya - Belgium - France - Czech at 7,900 ft (2,407 m) the tallest mountain in Horn of proportion of the Somali population, traditionally eat Republic…. Africa. Awdal, Saaxil and Maroodi Jeex (Woqooyi mostly milk, ghee (clariied butter), and most commonly Galbeed) regions are fertile and mountainous, while meat. As Muslims, Somalis do not consume is mostly semi-desert with little fertile greenery pork, lard, or alcohol, and all animals must be around. Berbera with crystal clear blue waters and soft slaughtered in a specific way, called halal, to be sands beaches extending 850km coastline. The Awdal considered clean and healthy. region is also known for its offshore islands, coral reefs The Clan groupings of the Somali people are and mangroves. In general it is semi-arid with average important social units, and clan membership plays a daily temperatures ranging from 25oC to 35oC. The central part in Somali culture and politics. Clans are humidity of the country varies from 63% in the dry patrilineal and are divided into sub-clans and sub-sub- season to 82% in the wet season. Ideal location for clans, resulting in extended families, The universal Natural Resources, Mining, Gas and Oil, Clean Energy Language in Somaliland is Somali, a Cushitic language extractions. shared by people of Eastern Africa. Somali includes distinct regional variations. The two main variants, Af Maay and Af Maxaa, were the official languages of Somaliland until 1972 when the united Somali government determined that Af Maxaa would serve as the official written language.

5th President (Kulmiye Party) Sheikh Mountain Cal Madaw Mountain Vice President Abdirahman Saylici

House of Elders Suleiman Mahmud Adam

Parliament Bashe Mohamed Farah Hargeisa Twins Kulmiye (United Party)

Political Parities Wadani (National Party)

Ucid (Welfare Party) Berbera Beach