Complete List of Contents
Volume 1 Publisher’s Note...... vii Introduction ...... xi Contributors ...... xiii Complete List of Contents ...... xvii
■■ Overviews Avalanches ...... 1 Blizzards, Freezes, Ice Storms, and Hail ...... 12 Droughts ...... 26 Dust Storms and Sandstorms ...... 34 Earthquakes ...... 40 El Niño ...... 57 Epidemics ...... 63 Explosions ...... 79 Famines ...... 87 Fires ...... 95 Floods ...... 110 Fog ...... 126 Heat Waves ...... 133 Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones...... 141 Icebergs and Glaciers ...... 157 Landslides, Mudslides, and Rockslides ...... 162 Lightning Strikes ...... 176 Meteorites and Comets ...... 185 Smog ...... 195 Tornadoes ...... 203 Tsunamis ...... 216 Volcanic Eruptions ...... 230 Wind Gusts ...... 249
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■■ Appendixes Glossary ...... 255 Time Line ...... 271 Bibliography ...... 292
Volume 2 Complete List of Contents ...... ix
■■ Events to 1970 c. 65,000,000 b.c.e.: Yucatán Crater ...... 311 c. 1470 b.c.e.: Thera Eruption...... 314 430 b.c.e.: The Plague of Athens ...... 318 64 c.e.: The Great Fire of Rome...... 323 79 c.e.: Vesuvius Eruption ...... 326 365 c.e.: Crete Earthquake...... 336 526: The Antioch Earthquake ...... 338 1200: Egypt Famine ...... 341 1287: St. Lucia’s Flood ...... 344 1290: Chihli Earthquake...... 345 1320: The Black Death ...... 346 1520: Aztec Empire Smallpox Epidemic ...... 356 1556: Shaanxi Earthquake...... 359 1657: The Meireki Fire ...... 362 1665: The Great Plague of London ...... 366 1666: The Great Fire of London ...... 372 1669: Etna Eruption ...... 381 1692: The Port Royal Earthquake ...... 386 1737: Great Bengal Cyclone ...... 389 1755: The Lisbon Earthquake ...... 391 1780: Tabriz Earthquake...... 397 1783: Laki Eruption ...... 400 1792: Unzen Earthquake and Tsunami...... 406 1811: New Madrid Earthquakes ...... 409
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1815: Tambora Eruption ...... 414 1835: Concepción Earthquake...... 418 1839: Coringa Cyclone...... 421 1845: The Great Irish Famine ...... 423 1871: The Great Peshtigo Fire ...... 434 1871: The Great Chicago Fire ...... 441 1872: The Great Boston Fire ...... 451 1878: The Great Yellow Fever Epidemic ...... 455 1880: The Seaham Colliery Disaster ...... 462 1883: Krakatau Eruption...... 466 1887: Yellow River Flood...... 476 1888: The Great Blizzard of 1888 ...... 478 1889: The Johnstown Flood ...... 485 1892: Cholera Pandemic...... 495 1896: The Great Cyclone of 1896 ...... 498 1896: Sanriku Tsunami...... 502 1900: The Galveston Hurricane ...... 505 1900: Typhoid Mary ...... 515 1902: Pelée Eruption...... 519 1906: The Great San Francisco Earthquake ...... 525 1908: The Tunguska Event ...... 536 1908: The Messina Earthquake ...... 538 1909: The Cherry Mine Disaster ...... 544 1912: Sinking of RMS Titanic...... 550 1914: The Eccles Mine Disaster ...... 553 1914: Empress of Ireland Sinking ...... 555 1915: Eastland Disaster...... 559 1916: The Great Polio Epidemic ...... 562 1916: WWI Alpine Avalanches...... 567 1918: The Great Flu Pandemic ...... 569 1920: Gansu Province Earthquake...... 579 1923: The Great Kwanto Earthquake...... 581 1925: The Great Tri-State Tornado ...... 587 1926: The Great Miami Hurricane ...... 593 1928: St. Francis Dam Collapse ...... 597
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1928: The San Felipe Hurricane ...... 603 1931: Yangtze River Flood of 1931...... 609 1932: The Dust Bowl ...... 611 1935: Labor Day Hurricane...... 616 1935: Yangtze River Flood of 1935...... 619 1937: The Hindenburg Disaster ...... 622 1938: The Great New England Hurricane of 1938 ...... 627 1946: The Aleutian Tsunami ...... 632 1947: The Texas City Disaster ...... 637 1950s – 1960s: Minamata Bay Mercury Poisoning...... 643 1952: The Great London Smog ...... 647 1953: The North Sea Flood ...... 649 1957: Hurricane Audrey ...... 654 1959: The Great Leap Forward Famine...... 660 1960: Valdivia Earthquake...... 664 1962: Mount Huascarán Avalanche...... 667 1963: Surtsey Island...... 670 1963: The Vaiont Dam Disaster...... 672 1964: The Great Alaska Earthquake ...... 676 1965: Taal Volcano Eruption...... 682 1965: The Palm Sunday Outbreak ...... 684 1966: The Aberfan Disaster ...... 687 1969: Santa Barbara Oil Spill...... 693 1969: Hurricane Camille...... 695 1970: The Ancash Earthquake...... 705 1970: The Bhola Cyclone ...... 711
Volume 3 Complete List of Contents ...... ix
■■ Events 1971 to 2016 1971: Flood in Hanoi and the Red River Delta ...... 717 1972: Iran Blizzard...... 719
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1972: Hong Kong Landslide Disaster...... 720 1973: Heimaey Island...... 721 1974: The Jumbo Outbreak ...... 722 1975: Typhoon Nina...... 728 1976: Ebola Outbreaks ...... 731 1976: Legionnaires’ Disease ...... 737 1976: The Tangshan Earthquake ...... 741 1979: Three Mile Island...... 747 1980’s: HIV/AIDS Pandemic ...... 751 1980: Mount St. Helens Eruption ...... 760 1982: El Chichón Eruption ...... 771 1982: Pacific Ocean ...... 777 1984: Africa Famine ...... 780 1984: Bhopal Disaster...... 785 1985: Japan Airlines Flight 123 Disaster...... 789 1985: The Mexico City Earthquake...... 792 1986: Space Shuttle Challenger Explodes...... 801 1986: Chernobyl Nuclear Accident...... 804 1986: The Lake Nyos Disaster ...... 808 1987: Typhoon Nina (Sisang) ...... 814 1988: Yellowstone National Park ...... 816 1988: The Leninakan Earthquake ...... 821 1989: Exxon Valdez Disaster...... 827 1989: Hurricane Hugo ...... 831 1989: The Loma Prieta Earthquake ...... 836 1991: Bangladesh Cyclone of 1991...... 845 1991: Pinatubo Eruption ...... 848 1991: The Oakland Hills Fire ...... 854 1992: Hurricane Andrew ...... 859 1993: The Great Mississippi River Flood of 1993 ...... 869 1994: The Northridge Earthquake...... 875 1995: The Kobe Earthquake ...... 885 1995: Ebola Outbreak ...... 891 1995: Chicago Heat Wave ...... 897 1996: Blizzard of ’96...... 901
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1996: The Mount Everest Disaster ...... 904 1997: The Jarrell Tornado ...... 910 1997: Soufrière Hills Eruption ...... 916 1998: Yangtze River Flood...... 921 1998: Papua New Guinea Tsunami ...... 923 1998: Hurricane Mitch ...... 926 1999: The Galtür Avalanche ...... 933 1999: The Oklahoma. Tornado Outbreak ...... 938 1999: The Izmit Earthquake ...... 944 2002: SARS Epidemic ...... 954 2003: European Heat Wave...... 959 2003: The Fire Siege of 2003 ...... 964 2003: The Bam Earthquake ...... 969 2004: The Indian Ocean Tsunami ...... 974 2005: Hurricane Katrina ...... 981 2005: The Kashmir Earthquake ...... 989 2006: The Leyte Mudslide ...... 994 2008: Blizzard in Afghanistan ...... 1000 2008: Earthquake in Sichuan Province, China...... 1003 2009: “Swine Flu” Influenza Pandemic ...... 1005 2009: L’Aquila Earthquake...... 1008 2010: BP/Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill...... 1012 2010: Concepción Earthquake...... 1016 2010: Haiti Earthquake...... 1018 2010: Eyjafjallajökull Eruption...... 1020 2010: Yushu Earthquake...... 1023 2010–11: Queensland Floods...... 1026 2011: Hurricane Irene...... 1029 2011: Fukushima Disaster ...... 1033 2011: Van Earthquake...... 1036 2012: Hurricane Sandy...... 1039 2013: Rana Plaza Collapse...... 1044 2014: Oso Landslide...... 1047 2015: Nepal Earthquake...... 1049 2015: Mount Everest Avalanches...... 1052
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2015: Tropical Storm Erika...... 1055 2015: Valley Fire...... 1058 2015: Hurricane Joaquin...... 1061 2015: Hurricane Patricia...... 1065 2015-16: Zika Epidemic...... 1068 2016: Alberta Wildfire...... 1071 Disaster Relief Organizations and Agencies ...... 1074
■■ Indexes Category List...... 1089 Geographical List...... 1097 Subject Index...... 1109
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