USAID OFFICE of FOOD for PEACE BANGLADESH FOOD Security Country Framework Fy 2010-2014
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USAID OFFICE OF FOOD FOR PEACE BANGLADESH FOOD SECURITY COUNTRY FRAMEWORK FY 2010-2014 OCTOBER 2009 This report is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the support of the Office of Food for Peace, Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance, USAID/Bangladesh, and the Office of Health, Infectious Disease, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, United States Agency for Interna tional Development (USAID), under terms of Cooperative Agreement No. GHN-A-00-08-00001-00, through the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project (FANTA-2), managed by the Academy for Educational Develop ment (AED). The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Recommended citation: Van Haeften, Roberta and Phil Moses. USAID Office of Food for Peace Bangladesh Food Security Country Framework FY 2010 – FY 2014. Washington, D.C.: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II FANTA 2 Project (FANTA-2), Academy for Educational Development (AED), 2009. F O O D A N D N U T R I T I O N This document may be reproduced without written permission by including the full citation of the source. An T E C H N I C A L A S S I S T A N C E electronic version is available for download from www.fanta-2.org. Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project Academy for Educational Development 1825 Connecticut Ave., NW Washington, D.C. 20009-5721 Tel: 202-884-8000 Fax: 202-884-8432 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.fanta-2.org TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................................................................1 ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................. IV OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMMING STRATEGY ...........................................................................VIII 1. DEFINITION OF FOOD SECURITY........................................................................................................1 2. OVERVIEW OF THE COUNTRY CONTEXT .......................................................................................1 3. FOOD SECURITY SITUATION IN BANGLADESH.............................................................................8 3.1 FOOD INSECURITY AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL ........................................................................................... 8 3.1.1 Food Availability ................................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.2 Food Access ........................................................................................................................................................ 12 3.1.3 Food Utilization.................................................................................................................................................. 17 3.2 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD INSECURITY .........................................................................23 3.2.1 Food Availability ................................................................................................................................................. 23 3.2.1 Food Access ........................................................................................................................................................ 25 3.2.3 Food Utilization.................................................................................................................................................. 29 3.2.4 Risks and Vulnerabilities ................................................................................................................................... 33 4. STRATEGIES, POLICIES AND PROGRAMS RELATED TO REDUCING FOOD INSECURITY IN BANGLADESH .......................................................................................................................................... 37 4.1 GOB POLICIES, PLANS AND PROGRAMS ....................................................................................................38 4.1.1 Poverty Reduction Strategies .......................................................................................................................... 38 4.1.2 Sector Policies and Plans .................................................................................................................................. 39 4.1.3 Key Programs Affecting Food Access and Utilization................................................................................39 4.2 USG STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMS ............................................................................................................... 41 4.2.1 Alignment with the US Foreign Assistance Framework ............................................................................ 41 4.2.2 USAID/Bangladesh Strategies and Programs ................................................................................................43 4.2.3 USAID/Food for Peace (FFP) 2006-2010 Strategic Plan ............................................................................ 44 4.2.4 The FY 2005-2009 Title II Development Assistance Program (DAP) in Bangladesh .........................44 4.3 WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP) ............................................................................................................. 47 4.4 OTHER DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS.................................................................................................................48 5. COUNTRY FRAMEWORK TO REDUCE FOOD INSECURITY ................................................... 59 5.1 ROLE OF MISSION PROGRAMS FUNDED BY OTHER ACCOUNTS IN SUPPORTING IMPROVEMENTS IN FOOD SECURITY .......................................................................................................... 59 5.2 ROLE OF THE TITLE II MYAP IN ADDRESSING FOOD INSECURITY ...................................................59 5.2.1 Objectives and Desired Outcomes ................................................................................................................59 5.2.2 Program Priorities .............................................................................................................................................. 61 5.2.3 Mission Management Priorities ....................................................................................................................... 80 5.2.4 Key Design Considerations ............................................................................................................................. 80 5.2.5 Cross-cutting Issues ........................................................................................................................................... 91 6. COLLABORATION AND RESOURCE INTEGRATION ................................................................. 92 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................... 94 ANNEXES ANNEX 1. FFP STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR 2006 – 2010 ............................................................................ 100 ANNEX 2. FFP EXPANDED CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING FOOD INSECURITY ....................................................................................................................................................................... 101 ANNEX 3. DESCRIPTIONS OF COMMUNITY-BASED NUTRITION PROGRAMS ....................................... 102 ANNEX 4. WFP PROCEDURES FOR ESTIMATING CHILD MALNUTRITION AT THE LOCAL LEVEL . 109 ANNEX 5.PREVENTION OF MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN UNDER TWO APPROACH (PM2A) ..... 110 ANNEX 6. RESOURCES ON COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAMS AND BEHAVIOR CHANGE PROGRAMMING ............................................................................................................................................................... 112 ANNEX 7. ADMINISTRATIVE MAP OF BANGLADESH........................................................................................ 114 BOXES BOX 1: PRIORITY OUTCOMES & ACTIVITIES FOR THE BANGLADESH TITLE II PROGRAM ............... VI BOX 2. NATIONAL NUTRITION PROGRAMME (NNP) OBJECTIVES FOR 2011 .......................................... 40 BOX 3. SUGGESTED PRINCIPLES FOR IMPLEMENTING TITLE II-SUPPORTED ASSET PROTECTION/CREATION PROGRAMS IN BANGLADESH ................................................................................. 79 TABLES TABLE 1. BASIC STATISTICS FOR BANGLADESH ...................................................................................................... 2 TABLE 2. POVERTY AND EXTREME POVERTY (PERCENT) ................................................................................. 12 TABLE 3. DEPTH AND SEVERITY OF POVERTY ...................................................................................................... 12 TABLE 4. TRENDS IN POVERTY AND LANDOWNERSHIP IN RURAL AREAS .............................................. 16 TABLE 5. POVERTY RATE AND POPULATION SHARE BY OCCUPATION OF HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD IN 2005................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 TABLE 6. CHANGES IN THE PROPORTION