DOCSLIB.ORG

L~L/To4 the Author Haa Agreed That the Library, University Ot Saskatchewan, May Ms.Ke This Thesis Freely E.Vailablefor Inspection

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
L~L/To4 the Author Haa Agreed That the Library, University Ot Saskatchewan, May Ms.Ke This Thesis Freely E.Vailablefor Inspection THE PREHISTORIC OCCUPATIONS OF BLACK LAKE, NORTHERN SASKATCHEWAN A Theeis Submitted to the Faoulty of Graduate Studies and Research 1n Partial FUlfilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology and Arohaeology by Sheila Joan Minn1 Saskatoon, Saskatchewan @ 1975. S.J. Minn1 l~l/to4 The author haa agreed that the Library, University ot Saskatchewan, may ms.ke this thesis freely e.vailablefor inspection. Moreover, the author has a.greed that permission tor extensive copying of thiethesla for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professors who supervised the thesis work recorded herein or, in thelrabeenoe, by the Head of the Department or the Dean ot the College in which the thesis work was done. It is understood thet due reoognition will be given to the author of this thesis and to the University ot Saskatohewan 1n any use ot the material 1n this thesis. Copying or publication or any other use ot the thesis tor tinanoialga1n without approve.l by the University ot Saskatohewan and the author's written permiseion is prohibited. Requests tor permission to oOPY or to make any other use ot material 1n this thesis 1n whole or in part should be addressed to: Head ot the Department ot Anthropology and Arohaeology, University of Saskatchewan, SASKATOON, SASKATCHEWAN, Canada. ABSTRACT The results trom the arohaeological investigations at Black Lake 1n northern Saskatchewan d,escrlbe and explain th.e utilization ot the region in prehistoric and early historic times. The 1972 through 1974 survey and exoavation progrs.ma indicate that the Black Ls,ke area has been oooupied by a number ot distinot oultural tra,ditiona. Typological 8,nalyeie suggests that this array of traditiona and oomplexes ranged disoontinuouely in time trom approximately 6000 B.C. up to and inoluding the time ot historic contact. Cultural affiliations ot many ot these oooupants outline the margine,l nature otnorthern Saskatchewan to a number ot physiographic zones. Since poet-glacial times the Black Lake area has been oooupied by Paleo-Indians, Pre-Dorset peoples,Chlpewyan Indians, northern Plaine Indians and Woodland Cree Indians. Anexteneive amount of historical and ethnographioal evidenoe details the almost total dependence ot the historic Chipewyan upon the migratory herds of barren-ground oaribou. This information is used to formulate an economic model whioh outlines this dependence, and tentatively expla.ins the rationale behind the Chlpewyan oocupation of northern Saskatchewan. This model broadens the understanding of the Chlpewyan lite-style in the early historic time period. and, through applies.tioD ot the direct historical approach, 1s oonsidered to have limited prehistoric validity. The ma,Jorlty ot culture,l materials trom Ble.ok La,ke are associated with the later Ch,ipewyan occupations which 1 have been tentatively dated from A.D. 1300 to the time of oontact. This abundanoe permits a more detailed analys1s which is divided into 2 eeotione. These seotions are concerned with artifaot and attribute analysis and with the reoognition and interpretation of patterned human behavior from differential art1fact clusterlnge. 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The main funding agenoies of the Black. Lake Arohe.eology Project have been Opportunities tor Youth in 1972 and the Salva,ge Seotion of the Arohaeo1ogical Survey ot Canada" Netional Museum ot Man in 1973. During both tield seasons financial aid, in the form of a summer grs,nt in 1972 and a soho1arship supplement in 1973) along with equipment was reoeived from the Institute tor Northern Studies at the University of Saskatchewan. Summer scholarship supplements from the College of Graduate Studies at the University of Saskatchewan provided further financial a,esistance. A oonsiderable amount of equipment was provided by the Depe.rtment ot Anthropology and Arohaeology at the University of Saskatchewan. The d.evelopment of the project and the initial analysis of the results were made poesibleby echole,rships from the College of Graduate Studies during the academic years of 1971 - 72 and 1972 - 73. Final analysis and the writing 01' this thesis were made possible by a scholarship trom the Institute for Northern Studies during 1973 - 74. The short 1974 season was part 01' an environmental assessment study and was finanoed by the Department ot the Environment of the Saskatchewan Provincial Government. Throughout the field a.nd laboratory research of th.e Black La.k.e Arch8,eology Projeot" a large number of people have greatly aldedand contributed to the success 01' the project. To allot the people listed below and to many l1i others too numerous to mention, I express my sincere ths.nk.s for all of the assistance, guidanoe 8.nd encouragement received throughout the oourse of this proJeot. In acknowledging those who have assisted this project it 1s perhaps moet logical to begin with the support received during the summer field seasone. Such support is often a deciding factor in the $uocess of a project of this nature. During the 1972 s-nd 1973 summer field sessons in northern Saeke.tchewan Mr. F .. W. Terry, then Conservetion Officer of the Department ot Northern 8askatche~an at stony Rapids, provided a cons1derable amount of assistance. In addition to allowing the field crews to use the D.N.S. cabin at Black Lake 8S a hOlDe base and general storage area for supplies, h.e was responsible tor transporting most of the field equipment and supplies between the communities of Stony Rapids and Black Lake. His wife Myrtle will always be remembered for her generous hospitality. others, suoh as Riok and Donna Sanderson, then teachers at stony Rapids; George Meroredi, Community Development Officer of the Saskatchewan Federation of Indians at stony Rapids; Bill Breca and. Jake Wiebe, teachers at Black La.ke; and She.rlene Wiebe, then Indian Health Nurse a.t Black Lake, also aided in the smooth running of the projeot. During April 1974, visits were made to the federal museum and a number of provincial museums in ord.er to view various collections regarding the interpretation of some of the cultural remains trom Black La.ke. Many people were iv moat helpful in this regard. On a number ot occasions Brye.n C. Gordon, Arctic Archaeologist of the Archa.eologlcal Survey of Canada, had expressed an interest in the culture history of northern Saskatchewan B.nd his assistance in April clarified many problems and questions.hle interpretations. Others, such 8S James V. Wright, Head of the Research Seotion at the Archaeological Survey of Canada, Ronald J. Nash; then with the Museum of Man and Nature in Winnipeg, Walter M. Hlady, and the archaeologists involved With the Southern Indian Lake project in Manltoba,provided. useful insights into the material remains from Black Lake. Various faculty members at the University of Saskatohewan were instrumental in the development of the proJeot Bnd subsequently in the development ot this thesis. On the basis of preVious experience in the BlaCk Lake area, Earl N. Shannon of the Department of Geography was able to provide background information on the study area. This information enabled me to plan and implement the logistics of the first field season. James F.V. Millar) Head of the Department of Anthropology B.nd Archaeology, and Urve Linna.mee, along with other faculty members of the departmen~provided general superVision and advice on variou8 ate.ges of the projeot development. The crewe also deserve to be mentioned. Member. of the 1972 field crew were Bonnie Allen, Doug Bone, John Baptiste MacDonald, Joe Tout-Saint and for a short period of time Anita Smith. Members of the 1973 field crew were v Jane Dale, Joan Dale, Gerard Dolan, and tor shorter periods of time Brenda Clark and Michael Forsman. My appreciation is expressed to the members of my thesis oommittee, Urve Linnamae (chairperson), Mary C. Marino, and Patrick C. Hartney, all of the Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, and Robert M. Bone, Aoting Direotor of the Institute tor Northern Studies, tor their patienoe in reviewing this thesis. Thanks are also extend.ed to Sheila A. Minni for proofreading this thesie. Flns,l appreoiation is extended to Miohael Forsman tor his oontinued enoouragement throughout the entire project. v1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. iil LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES . xi LIST OF PLATES xil CHAPTER 1. INTRODUOTION. 1 1.1 Introduction. .. ~ 1 1.2 Theoretioal background 1 1.3 Thesis format 4 PART I CULTURE HISTORY AND PROCESS • 9 CHAPTER 2. BACKGROUND. 9 2.1 Definition of area. 9 2.2 Previous andre1ated work 11 2.3 Methodology. 14 CHAPTER J. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT. 18 3.1 Present environment 18 Bedrook geology: • 18 Topography:. 19 So11s: • 22 Climate:. 23 Flora: 25 Fauns.: 28 3.2 Paleo-environment • 31 CHAPTER 4. CULTURE HISTORY . 34 4.1 Nature of sites within the study area 34 Historic sites: 37 Buris.l altea: .. :39 Prehistoric sites: 40 vii Ts.ble of Contents (oont.) Page 4.2 Location of sites within the study area. 42 4.' Culture history. ...• 46 Northern Plano tradition:. .. 48 Early northern related materials: 49 Arot1c Small Tool tradition: • • 51 Talthellel Shele tradition: .53 Southern related materials: 56 Pelican Lake complex: •. .56 Clearwater Lake oomplex:. 57 Historic period: • 58 4.4 Summary statement • 62 CHAPTER 5. CHIPEWYAN SUBSISTENCE MODEL • 64 CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSIONS 82 PART II ARTIFACT ANALYSIS 89 CHAPTER 7. IhNh 2 - ARTIFACT DESCRIPTION • 90 7 .. 1 Introduction. 90 7.2 Diagnostio artifaote . 96 ProJeotile pointe: 96 Sorapers: .. 99 Bifaola1 tools: 103 Un11'80181 tools: 105 Wedges: • 107 Gravers: ..• 109 Hammerstones: . 109 Cores: ... 110 Miscellaneous:. 112 7.3 Flakes. 112 7.4 Conclusions. 116 CHAPTER 8. IhNh 2 - HUMAN BEHAVIOR PATTERNS 118 8.1 Introduction. .. 118 8.2 Blook analysis • 121 Unit 1: • 121 Unit 2: • 126 vi1i Table or Contents (cont.) Page Unit 3: .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Barren-Ground Caribouin A
    SCIENCE ADVANCES | RESEARCH ARTICLE APPLIED ECOLOGY Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some Undermining subsistence: Barren-ground caribou in a rights reserved; exclusive licensee “tragedy of open access” American Association for the Advancement 1 2 3 of Science. No claim to Brenda L. Parlee, * John Sandlos, David C. Natcher original U.S. Government Works. Distributed Sustaining arctic/subarctic ecosystems and the livelihoods of northern Indigenous peoples is an immense challenge under a Creative “ ” ’ amid increasing resource development. The paper describes a tragedy of open access occurring in Canada s north Commons Attribution as governments open up new areas of sensitive barren-ground caribou habitat to mineral resource development. NonCommercial Once numbering in the millions, barren-ground caribou populations (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus/Rangifer License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). tarandus granti) have declined over 70% in northern Canada over the last two decades in a cycle well understood by northern Indigenous peoples and scientists. However, as some herds reach critically low population levels, the impacts of human disturbance have become a major focus of debate in the north and elsewhere. A growing body of science and traditional knowledge research points to the adverse impacts of resource development; however, management efforts have been almost exclusively focused on controlling the subsistence harvest of northern Indigenous peoples. These efforts to control Indigenous harvesting parallel management practices during pre- vious periods of caribou population decline (for example, 1950s) during which time governments also lacked Downloaded from evidence and appeared motivated by other values and interests in northern lands and resources. As mineral re- source development advances in northern Canada and elsewhere, addressing this “science-policy gap” problem is critical to the sustainability of both caribou and people.
    [Show full text]
  • Arctic Fox Migrations in Manitoba
    Arctic Fox Migrations in Manitoba ROBERT E. WRIGLEY and DAVID R. M. HATCH1 ABSTRACT. A review is provided of the long-range movements and migratory behaviour of the arctic fox in Manitoba. During the period 1919-75, peaks in population tended to occur at three-year intervals, the number of foxes trapped in any particular year varying between 24 and 8,400. Influxes of foxes into the boreal forest were found to follow decreases in the population of their lemming prey along the west coast of Hudson Bay. One fox was collected in 1974 in the aspen-oak transition zone of southern Manitoba, 840 km from Hudson Bay and almost 1000 km south of the barren-ground tundra, evidently after one of the farthest overland movements of the species ever recorded in North America. &UMfi. Les migrations du renard arctique au Manitoba. On prksente un compta rendu des mouvements B long terme et du comportement migrateur du renard arctique au Manitoba. Durant la p6riode de 1919-75, les maxima de peuplement tendaient fi revenir B des intervalles de trois ans, le nombre de renards pris au pihge dans une ann6e donn6e variant entre 24 et 8,400. On a constat6 que l'atiiux de renards dans la for& bor6ale suivait les diminutions de population chezleurs proies, les lemmings, en bordure de la côte oceidentale de la mer d'Hudson. En 1974, on a trouv6 un renard dans la zone de transition de trembles et de ch€nes, dans le sud du Manitoba, B 840 kilomhtres de la mer d'Hudson et fi presque 1000 kilomh- tres au sud des landes de la tundra.
    [Show full text]
  • NTI IIBA for Conservation Areas Cultural Heritage and Interpretative
    NTI IIBA for Phase I: Cultural Heritage Resources Conservation Areas Report Cultural Heritage Area: McConnell River and Interpretative Migratory Bird Sanctuary Materials Study Prepared for Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. 1 May 2011 This Cultural Heritage Report: McConnell River Migratory Bird Sanctuary (Arviat) is part of a set of studies and a database produced for Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. as part of the project: NTI IIBA for Conservation Areas, Cultural Resources Inventory and Interpretative Materials Study Inquiries concerning this project and the report should be addressed to: David Kunuk Director of Implementation Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. 3rd Floor, Igluvut Bldg. P.O. Box 638 Iqaluit, Nunavut X0A 0H0 E: [email protected] T: (867) 975‐4900 Project Manager, Consulting Team: Julie Harris Contentworks Inc. 137 Second Avenue, Suite 1 Ottawa, ON K1S 2H4 Tel: (613) 730‐4059 Email: [email protected] Cultural Heritage Report: McConnell River Migratory Bird Sanctuary (Arviat) Authors: Philip Goldring, Consultant: Historian and Heritage/Place Names Specialist (primary author) Julie Harris, Contentworks Inc.: Heritage Specialist and Historian Nicole Brandon, Consultant: Archaeologist Luke Suluk, Consultant: Inuit Cultural Specialist/Archaeologist Frances Okatsiak, Consultant: Collections Researcher Note on Place Names: The current official names of places are used here except in direct quotations from historical documents. Throughout the document Arviat refers to the settlement established in the 1950s and previously known as Eskimo Point. Names of
    [Show full text]
  • Wildlife Conservation in the North: Historic Approaches and Their Consequences; Seeking Insights for Contemporary Resource Management
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Conferences Canadian Parks for Tomorrow 2008 Wildlife Conservation in the North: Historic Approaches and their Consequences; Seeking Insights for Contemporary Resource Management Sandlos, John Sandlos, J. "Wildlife Conservation in the North: Historic Approaches and their Consequences; Seeking Insights for Contemporary Resource Management." Paper Commissioned for Canadian Parks for Tomorrow: 40th Anniversary Conference, May 8 to 11, 2008, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/46878 conference proceedings Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca Wildlife Conservation in the North: Historic Approaches and their Consequences; Seeking Insights for Contemporary Resource Management John Sandlos Assistant Professor Department of History Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s, Newfoundland A1C 5S7 tel: 709-737-2429 fax: 709 [email protected] Abstract: Recent studies in the field of Canadian environmental history have suggested that early state wildlife conservation programs in northern Canada were closely tied to broader efforts to colonize the social and economic lives of the region’s Aboriginal people. Although it is tempting to draw a sharp distinction between the “bad old days” of autocratic conservation and the more inclusive approaches of the enlightened present such as co-management and the incorporation of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) into wildlife management decision-making, this paper will argue that many conflicts
    [Show full text]
  • John Hornby in the Barren Lands, by Malcolm Waldron
    REVIEWS • 81 ing traditions in the language, the culture will ultimately swept through the network of aficionados of the North. die. He is not hopeful that there is enough vitality in Native Malcolm Waldron’s book about Hornby’s previous near- publishing industries to ensure that these Native languages disaster satisfied an inevitable desire to know more about will survive in many cases. He holds Greenland as a model, this enigmatic man. Today, we read accounts of Hornby’s but even here he is not sanguine about the long term. adventures in a different light; over the intervening years, Some anthropologists will argue that Hills has commit- he has become something of a legendary figure. ted a few classic “sins” in his cultural assumptions. One Hornby’s most famous—and most foolhardy—exploit senses that he would prefer Native societies to be “noble” began in the summer of 1926 when, together with his 18- and “traditional.” He tends to “worship” the past and give year-old cousin Edgar Christian and another young man, it an exalted status over the modern or present. Elsewhere, Harold Adlard, he overwintered in a grove of trees beside his unconscious gender perspective does little to recognize the Thelon River. He had spotted this place the year before, the role of women as agents of both cultural preservation on his trip with James Critchell-Bullock. Snow Man is and change in Native communities. He decries the inevita- based on Critchell-Bullock’s diaries of that previous expe- bility of the Europeanization of aboriginal cultures, par- dition.
    [Show full text]
  • Caribou Crisis Or Administrative Crisis?
    Caribou Crisis or Administrative 11 Crisis? Wildlife and Aboriginal Policies on the Barren Grounds of Canada, 1947–60 Peter J. Usher The postwar years were a time of rapid change in the Canadian North. There was a growing view in government that the old fur trade econ- omy was no longer sustainable, but what should or could be done about it was unclear. The problem seemed especially critical in the least accessible and least developed parts of the North, not least in the central Barren Grounds between the Mackenzie River and Hudson Bay. The defining event of that place and time was the so-called ‘caribou crisis’: the apparent confirmation by science of long-held suspicions of severe depletion of the great Barren Ground caribou herds, due to over- hunting by the Inuit and Dene who, it was supposed, were unwittingly setting themselves up for disaster. The ‘caribou crisis’ was, in retrospect, constructed on relatively lit- tle hard evidence. It was sustained largely by theory, conjecture and cultural bias, and assumed such importance because it in turn gave direction to the management of both people and caribou. The problem was not merely one of caribou conservation, and it required more than conventional wildlife regulation measures for its resolution. The ‘cari- bou crisis’ provided justification not only for imposing hunting restric- tions, but also led ultimately to the relocation, sedentarisation and supervision of both Inuit and Dene, who lived on or near the range of the Qamanirjuaq, Beverly and Bathurst caribou herds, and for whom these herds were not only the staple food supply but also an important source of clothing.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Heritage Resources Report & Inventory
    Phase I: NTI IIBA for Cultural Heritage Resources Conservation Areas Report and Inventory Appedices Cultural Heritage Area: Queen Maud Gulf and Interpretative Migratory Bird Sanctuary Materials Study Prepared for Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. 1 May 2011 This report is part of a set of studies and a database produced for Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. as part of the project: NTI IIBA for Conservation Areas, Cultural Resources Inventory and Interpretative Materials Study Inquiries concerning this project and the report should be addressed to: David Kunuk Director of Implementation Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. 3rd Floor, Igluvut Bldg. P.O. Box 638 Iqaluit, Nunavut X0A 0H0 E: [email protected] T: (867) 975‐4900 Project Manager, Consulting Team: Julie Harris Contentworks Inc. 137 Second Avenue, Suite 1 Ottawa, ON K1S 2H4 Tel: (613) 730‐4059 Email: [email protected] Report Authors: Philip Goldring, Consultant: Historian and Heritage/Place Names Specialist (primary author) Julie Harris, Contentworks Inc.: Heritage Specialist and Historian Nicole Brandon, Consultant: Archaeologist Note on Place Names: The current official names of places are used here except in direct quotations from historical documents. Throughout the document Umingmaktok, for example, refers to the settlement previously known as Bay Chimo. Names of places that do not have official names will appear as they are found in the source documents. Contents Section 1: Introduction ...................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Barren Ground Grizzly Bear in Northern Canada
    294 NOTES AND PAPERS SHORT for the expression of these attitudes in The Social Development of Canada, To- a manner consistent with fundamental ronto: University of Toronto Press. 1942, thought modes of the old culture. p. 39. That these spirit entities are a re- “Howard, J. K., Strange empire. New York: sponse to white contact seems certain. Wm. Morrow and Co., 1952, p. 254ff. and However, the explanations of the func- p. 299. tions of belief in the Angnasheotik ad- :{Mooney,James, The Ghost Dance Religion vanced here, plausible though they may and theSioux Outbreak of 1890,14th be, are little more than guesses. Sys- Ann. Rep., Bur. of Ethn. 1892-93, pt. II., tematic study would be necessary to Washington,Government Printing Of- establish or refute them and might at fice, p. 657. the sametime add something to our $Worsley, Peter. TheTrumphet Shall knowledge of the processes of accul- Sound: A Study of CargoCults in turation. Melanesia. Magibbon and Kee, 1957. KENNETHDUNCAN* ETurner, L. M. Ethnology of the Ungava ____~ District. 11thAnn. Rep. Bur. of Ethn. * University of Western Ontario, London, 1889-90, Washington, Government Print- Ontario, Canada. ingOffice, p. 267. CHawkes, E. W.,The Labrador Eskimo. ‘Bailey, A. The conflict of European and Geol. Surv.Mem. 91, No. 14, Anthrop.Ser. Algonkian cultures. Cited in S. D. Clark: Ottawa:King’s Printer, 1916, p. 118. THEBARREN GROUND GRIZZLY withthose of more recent observers, BEAR IN NORTHERN CANADA whose coverage tends, on the whole, to Although little is knownof the be more systematic. Finally, the appar- ethology and ecology of theBarren ent trend in the data depends partly on Ground grizzly bear in the Northwest the limits selected for each map-period.
    [Show full text]
  • Status Report and Assessment of Porcupine Caribou and Barren-Ground Caribou in The
    SPECIES STATUS REPORT Porcupine Caribou and Barren-ground Caribou (Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula, Cape Bathurst, Bluenose-West, Bluenose- East, Bathurst, Beverly, Ahiak, and Qamanirjuaq herds) Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus Tuktu, Tuktuvialuit, Tuttuvialuk (Inuvialuktun – Inuinnaqtun, Siglitun, and Ummarmiutun dialects) Vadzaıh (Gwich’in) Ekw , h zı e w ( ıch ) Ɂe we e e ed ( ah ene – ı ne ı ’a and G d e i e a e dia ec ) Nódi (South Slavey - ’ dehche dialect) Ɂe h n (Chipewyan) Atihk (Cree) Caribou de la toundra (French) in the Northwest Territories NOT AT RISK – Porcupine caribou THREATENED – Barren-ground caribou April 2017 Status of Porcupine Caribou and Barren-ground Caribou in the NWT Species at Risk Committee status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of species suspected of being at risk in the Northwest Territories (NWT). Suggested citation: Species at Risk Committee. 2017. Species Status Report for Porcupine Caribou and Barren-ground Caribou (Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula, Cape Bathurst, Bluenose-West, Bluenose-East, Bathurst, Beverly, Ahiak, and Qamanirjuaq herds) (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) in the Northwest Territories. Species at Risk Committee, Yellowknife, NT. © Government of the Northwest Territories on behalf of the Species at Risk Committee ISBN#: 978-0-7708-0252-3 For additional copies contact: Species at Risk Secretariat c/o SC6, Department of Environment and Natural Resources P.O. Box 1320 Yellowknife, NT X1A 2L9 Tel.: (855) 783-4301 (toll free) Fax.: (867) 873-0293 E-mail: [email protected] www.nwtspeciesatrisk.ca ABOUT THE SPECIES AT RISK COMMITTEE The Species at Risk Committee was established under the Species at Risk (NWT) Act.
    [Show full text]
  • Petition to List the Yellow-Billed Loon, Gavia Adamsii, As an Endangered Or Threatened Species Under the Endangered Species Act
    Petition to list the yellow-billed loon, Gavia adamsii, as an endangered or threatened species under the Endangered Species Act March 30, 2004 NOTICE OF PETITION Center for Biological Diversity Natural Resource Defense Council PO Box 6157 1200 New York Ave., NW, Suite 400 Sitka, AK 99835 Washington, DC 20005 Contact: Corrie Bosman Contact: Charles Clusen (907) 747-1463 (202) 289-6868 [email protected] [email protected] Pacific Environment Trustees for Alaska 311 California Street, Suite 650 1026 West Fourth Avenue San Francisco, CA 94104-2608 Anchorage, AK 99501 Contact: David Gordon Contact: Mike Frank (415) 399-8850 x 301 (907) 276-4244 [email protected] [email protected] Kaira Club Kronotsky Nature Preserve Beringa St. 16-24 684000 Elizovo P.O. Box 83 Kamchatka Region Chukotka Ul. Ryabikova, 48 Anadyr Russia Russia 689000 Contact: Evgenii Georgievich Lobkov Contact:Gennady Smirnov [email protected] Taiga Rangers Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Local Public Fund Komsomolsk-on-Amur “Wild Nature of Sakhalin” Khabarovsk Region Sakhalin Region Ul. Sidorenko 1 A City of Aniva Russia 681000 Rabochaya Street, 9 Contact: Lyudmila Churikova Russia 694030 [email protected] Contact: Sergey Makeev [email protected] Interregional Public Charitable Organization of Far Eastern Resource Centers “ISAR” Svetlanskaya Str. 197 Apartment 79-80 Vladivostok Russia 690091 Contact: Vera Surkina [email protected] Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Institute of Geography Far East Department of Russian Academy of Sciences Rybakov pr., 19-a Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Vertdbrates of the Arctic and Subarctic
    BULLETIN NO. 94 Freshwater Vertdbrates of the Arctic and Subarctic BY V. C. WYNNE-EDWAHDS Aberdeen University, Scotland PUBLISHED BY THE JirISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE HON. THE MIN1[STER OF FISHERIES "I TA.WA, 1952 'i� L�JI ____ �� ________ � BULLETIN NO. 94 Freshwater Vertebrates of the Arctic and Subarctic BY V. C. \VYNNE-EDWARDS Aberdeen Flliversity, Scotland PUBLISHED BY THE FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE HON. THE MINISTER OF FISHERIES OTT A \VA, 19.52 Printed in Canada by University of Toronto Press for the Fisheries Research Board of Canada CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 PHYSICAL CONDITIONS 2 THE FRESHWATER VERTEBRATE FAUNA 4 (A) Lampreys and Fishes 5 (i ) Petromyzontidae- Lampreys 5 (ii) ACipenseridae- Sturgeons 5 (iii) Salmonidae- Salmon, trout and char 6 Salmon (Salmo and Oncorhynchus) 6 Trout and char (Salvelinus, CTistivomer, H ucho and Brachymystax ) 7 (iv) Coregonidae- Whitefish, ciscoes, etc. 9 Inconnu and nelma (Stenodus) 9 Tullibee, "herrings" and ciscoes (Leucichthys ) 10 Whitefish (Coregonus) 12 Round whitefish (Prosopium) 16 (v ) Thymallidae- Graylings 16 ( vi) Osmeridae- Smelts 17 ( vii ) Catostomidae- Suckers 18 ( viii ) Cyprinidae-Minnows 18 (ix ) U mbridae- Alaska blackfish, etc. 19 (x) Esocidae- Pike 19 (xi) Percopsidae- Trout-perch 20 (xii) Percidae- Perch, pike-perch 20 (xiii ) Cottidae- Sculpins or bullheads 21 (xiv ) Gasterosteidae- Sticklebacks 22 (xv) Gadidae-Ling, burbot or methy 23 ( B) Amphibia 24 Northern wood frog (Rana Sylvatica cantabrigensis) 24 Northern swamp tree-frog (PseudacTis nigrita septentTionalis ) 25 (C) lvIammalia 25 White whale or beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) 25 Ringed seal (Phoca hispida) 25 Harbour seal (Phoca vitlllina ) 26 CONCLUSION 26 REFERENCES 26 INTR ODU CTIO N THE MAJORITY of vertebrates dealt with here are fishes.
    [Show full text]
  • Grizzly Bear,Ursus Arctos
    COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos Western population Ungava population in Canada Western population - SPECIAL CONCERN Ungava population - EXTINCT 2012 COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC. 2012. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xiv + 84 pp. (www.registrelep- sararegistry.gc.ca/default_e.cfm). Previous report(s): COSEWIC. 2002. COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vii + 91 pp. Ross. P.I. 2002. Update COSEWIC status report on the grizzly bear Ursus arctos in Canada, in COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1-91 pp. Banci, Vivian. 1991. Update COSEWIC status report on the Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos (Prairie, Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest Territories and Yukon Territory populations) in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 188 pp. Macey, Anne. 1979. Status Report on the Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos horribilis in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 69 pp. Production note: COSEWIC acknowledges Philip D. McLoughlin for writing the status report on the Grizzly Bear Ursus arctos in Canada, prepared under contract with Environment Canada. This report was overseen and edited by Justina Ray, Co-chair of the COSEWIC Terrestrial Mammals Specialist Subcommittee.
    [Show full text]