World Christianities: Transcontinental Connections Author(S): Peter C

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World Christianities: Transcontinental Connections Author(S): Peter C World Christianities: Transcontinental Connections Author(s): Peter C. Phan Source: Journal of World Christianity , Vol. 6, No. 1, The Journal of World Christianity (2016), pp. 205-216 Published by: Penn State University Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/jworlchri.6.1.0205 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Penn State University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of World Christianity This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 13:02:35 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms World Christianities: Transcontinental Connections PETER C. PHAN GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY, WASHINGTON, D.C. ABSTRACT: Reflecting on this special issue, this article relates the work of the Munich School to current scholarship in the study of world Christianity. Its approach reminds us to not only focus on recent developments and transformations such as the rise of Pen- tecostalism but also include the history of world Christianity from its early beginnings. Calling us to equally take into account the history of Christianity’s polycentricity, this approach encourages us to look for multidirectional transcontinental interactions and early instances of South–South links. Thus, following the Munich School we should not examine the history of world Christianity in separate geographic entities in isolation but continuously look for transregional and transcontinental interactions and forms of exchange. Taking this into account will contribute profoundly to the much-needed new maps of a future history of world Christianity. KEYWORDS: world Christianity, Klaus Koschorke, Munich School of World Christianity, study of world Christianity, tools and reference works It is a felicitous serendipity that I write these reflections on the fittingly named “Munich School of World Christianity” immediately after my return from Cambridge, England, where I attended a three-day conference (February 3–5, 2015) organized at the Cambridge Centre for Christianity Worldwide by Dr. Emma Wild-Wood, in collaboration with the Divinity Faculty, University of Cambridge. The conference was titled “What Is the Study of Christianity Worldwide?” a topic of obvious relevance to the Munich School of World Christianity. There were three keynotes: The first, by David Maxwell, Dixie Professor of Ecclesiastical History and an Africanist at the University of Cambridge, traced the global expansion of Christianity. The second, by Joel Robbins, professor of The Journal of World Christianity, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2016 Copyright © 2016 The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA JoWC_6.1_11_Phan.indd 205 01/04/16 4:02 PM This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 13:02:35 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms anthropology, also at the University of Cambridge, dealt with the anthropo- logical aspects of world Christianity. The third, by yours truly, titled “Doing Theology in World Christianities: Old Task, New Ways,” discussed theology in and of world Christianity. In addition to the three keynotes, there were eleven presentations dealing with sundry aspects of world Christianity. Some examined the very concept of world Christianity (Joel Cabrita of the University of Cambridge, Charlie Farhadian of Westmont College, and Dorottya Nagy of the University of South Africa); others presented Christianity in different parts of the world, such as India (Chandra Mallampalli of Westmont College and Shinjini Das of the University of Cambridge), China (Chloe Starr of Yale University), Ethiopia (Tom Boylson of London School of Economics), Ghana (J. Kwabena Asamoah- Gyadu of Trinity Theological Seminary, Legon), the United States (Andrew Preston of the University of Cambridge), the Middle East (Naures Atto of the University of Cambridge), and Nigeria (Marloes Janson of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London).1 This brief summary of the conference serves as a convenient introduction to the Munich School of World Christianity. There is no need for me to de- scribe this school here. Two articles in this issue of the journal, co-authored by Adrian Hermann and Ciprian Burlacioiu, both students and collabora- tors of Professor Klaus Koschorke, provide a detailed account of the life and work of their mentor and an analysis of the methodological approach of the Munich School and its many conferences, international and regional, which have attracted the participation of a large body of like-minded scholars, some of whom are of great international reputation. Imagine my surprise that, when asked if they had heard of the work of Klaus Koschorke and his group on world Christianity, very few of the participants of the recent Cambridge conference replied affirmatively. In fact, when Dorottya Nagy mentioned Koschorke in her presentation, she was asked how to spell his name! This lack of familiarity with the Munich School in the English-speaking scholarly world may be due to linguistic barriers, but it is all the more reason for the Journal of World Christianity to devote this issue to introducing the Munich School to a wider readership and to initiate a conversation among scholars of world Christianity. Of course, there has been extensive collaboration among scholars of different disciplines in the Munich School. In this concluding article I would like to de- velop, mainly by way of information, this scholarly exchange further by relating the Munich School to other academic centers and scholarly research and pub- lications on world Christianity outside Germany, in particular in the United States. I will end by highlighting some areas where the Munich School can ex- pand its research agenda in collaboration with institutions engaged in similar 206 THE JOURNAL OF WORLD CHRISTIANITY JoWC_6.1_11_Phan.indd 206 01/04/16 4:02 PM This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 13:02:35 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms tasks. My narrative of historical scholarship on world Christianity beyond the Munich School favors no particular point of view and follows no chronological sequence. Nor does my presentation pretend to comprehensiveness. I simply draw attention to works that I happen to be familiar with, and my apologies to authors whose works I fail to mention. 1. Tools for the Study of World Christianities A monumental and indispensable tool for the study of world Christianity is the Atlas of Global Christianity 1910–2010, edited by Todd M. Johnson and Kenneth R. Ross, which was brought out in celebration of the hundredth an- niversary of the World Missionary Conference, Edinburgh 1910.2 A book of breathtaking beauty and publishing virtuosity, it is an absolute treasure trove of information on contemporary global Christianity and supersedes all pre- vious encyclopedias and fact books on world Christianity, bar none. Armed with a multitude of multicolor maps and statistical tables, it provides up-to- date information on world religions (part I); global Christianity (part II); Christianity by continent and region (part III); peoples, languages, and cities (part IV); and Christian mission (part V). Of great interest are its categories of “Independents” and “Marginal Christians” in addition to the mainline de- nominations. Lest we miss the forest for the trees, an unavoidable danger in works of this kind, all sections are preceded by rich and insightful historical overviews by experts in the field. While the value of the work as a fact book will of course diminish with time due to constant changes, an annual report on changes in world Christianity is published in the International Bulletin of Missionary Research.3 A third edition of another important handbook, the World Christian Encyclopedia,4 is currently being produced by the Center for the Study of Global Christianity at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary and is slated for publication in 2020. On a smaller scale but no less useful is Patrick Johnstone’s The Future of the Global Church: History, Trends and Possibilities.5 “The fulfilment of a 30-year dream,” as the author, of World Evangelical Alliance International and a veteran missionary in Africa with the Dorothea Mission, puts it in the preface, and the culmination of his work on the six editions of Operation World, this volume is also a work of beauty and publishing virtuosity. If the Atlas of Global Christian- ity 1910–2010 is a must for libraries, this book is within the reach of individuals’ pockets. Ideally, of course, the two works should be used in tandem. Scholars of world Christianity—including those of the Munich School—owe an enormous debt of gratitude to these authors and publishers for these refer- ence works. Just a mere couple of decades ago, without enormous databases World Christianities 207 JoWC_6.1_11_Phan.indd 207 01/04/16 4:02 PM This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 13:02:35 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms and high-tech printing wizardry, and of course without the generous finan- cial support of many institutions, scholars could not have had at their finger- tips such a source of information on world Christianity, which they in no way would have been able to gather on their own. There remains of course the task to digest all this myriad information and present it in a way that is accessible to the wider public. This leads us to the next topic. 2. Overview Handbooks The Munich School was not the first project to study world Christianity, or more precisely, Christianities, in their “transcontinental links,” with “polycentricity” as the guiding concept.
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