Proposal for the Insertion of Document Sa-Cats 106 Issued Under the Civil Aviation Regulations, 2011 Proposer Sahpa Proposer's

PROPOSAL FOR THE INSERTION OF DOCUMENT SA-CATS 106 ISSUED UNDER THE CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS, 2011

PROPOSER

SAHPA

PROPOSER’S INTEREST

SAHPA is the SOLE ARO and ATO that sets the standards for paragliding, hang- gliding and powered versions thereof inclusive of wheeled undercarriages and all associated activities in South Africa. SAHPA operates with cognisance that the standards maintained are aligned to the FAI CIVL and other FAI linked countries.

GENERAL EXPLANATORY NOTE

Words in [bold and square brackets] indicate deletions from the existing regulations.

Words underlined with a solid line indicate insertions in the existing regulations.

1.1 PROPOSAL FOR THE INSERTION OF DOCUMENT SA-CATS 106 1.2 It is hereby proposed to insert after Document SA-CATS 105 of the following Document SA-CATS

SUBPART 1: GENERAL

106.01. 1 l Technical requirements for the operation or issuance of a permit to fly for an aircraft considered in Part 106 are contained in an applicable ARO’s MOP and TPM and the criteria for issuing of a permit to fly are prescribed in Appendixes 106. 25 and 106.26.

“APPENDIX 106.25 RECREATIONAL PILOT LICENCE PARAGLIDING INCLUSIVE OFRATINGS AND ENDORSEMENTS

1. Log books Logbooks must either be kept in digital format or in physical format and shall comprise at a minimum the following; (1) Flight number (2) Flight date (3) Flight duration (4) Total flight time (5) Site name (6) Para glider flown (7) solo or tandem (8) power or non-power

2. A paragliding license shall be issued with the following endorsements after having completed the required criteria documented in this Appendix, however, the criteria in the TPM shall take precedence: (1) Basic endorsement

(a) shall t have received a theoretical and practical instruction training course in accordance with an applicable ARO’s TPM; (b) achieve an 85% pass of the basic License written test; (c) submit a copy of a logbook signed by an applicably Grade A or Grade B endorsed paragliding instructor to confirm that an applicant completed all requirements; (d) demonstrates the ability to accurately assess conditions which allow for safe launch (weather, field conditions, wing weight range and rating, etc.) (e) completed a minimum of 35 flights, (only a minimum of 10 flights on PG if already qualified as a PPG pilot), of minimum 60 seconds duration each, of which 20 solo flights shall be from over 100m height difference, and a total time of at least 4 hours solo flight time logged, and at least one solo soaring flight of a minimum 20 minutes; (f) at least 2 solo flights shall be in light thermic conditions and shall be at least 10 minutes duration each and each shall include some thermalling turns (consecutive 360s in rising air); (g) A maximum of 5 flights as passenger on an instructor piloted tandem glider can be included in the initial 35 flights. These flights must be at least 5 minutes duration; and (h) flights shall be signed in the logbook by the Instructor on a daily basis; and (i) any other requirement documented in the applicable TPM

(2) Practical requirements:

(i) flown from at least 2 different mountain sites; (ii) have demonstrated the parachute-landing roll technique; (iii) shall have knowledge of reserve parachute deployment. (iv) pass the practical flight test consisting of: (aa) demonstration of good layout and pre-flight checks, including the 5-point check; (bb) demonstration of good unassisted forward and reverse pull-ups/inflation's and ground control; (cc) demonstration of the ability to hold a canopy inflated directly overhead in sufficient wind (v) good unassisted forward take-offs in wind strengths of 0 - 10 km/h (pilot must be able to run in a straight line while controlling the canopy, without assistance) (at least 10 flights); (vi) demonstration of good forward and reverse pull-up and take-off technique in at least 10 of each flight. Pilots will use the cross brake method (or similar) in all cases, i.e. no swapping and/or letting go of toggles in hands allowed; (vii) flights demonstrating S-turns or figure 8's; 90° and 180° turns, left and right (separate flights permitted); (viii) 360° turns, left and right (separate flights permitted); (ix) demonstration of good landing approach set-up and technique; (x) demonstration of landing accuracy by landing 3 out of 3 attempts in a 50m diameter; (xi) operation of speedbar as applicable; (xii) shall have experience of flying with several pilots sharing a ridge. (xiii) shall be able to demonstrate the Big Ears manoeuvre, with and without speedbar, and know the dangers; (xiv) shall be able to demonstrate the speed-bar system and know the dangers; and (xv) demonstration of flight and landing with back risers and know the dangers.

(3) Winch training (i) A pilot shall have flown at least 5 solo flights from a mountain site of at least 100m height difference over a minimum of 2 days, which shall include a ridge soaring flight in company of several other pilots, in addition to the winch training. (ii) A pilot shall have been thoroughly briefed on the dangers of mountain flying and the accompanying micrometeorology. (iii) A pilot shall demonstrate good unassisted take-off technique on the mountain launches.

Note: Definition of a winch-trained pilot: Pilot who has done more than 50% of the required flights of their Basic endorsement paragliding training syllabus from a winch with a registered school.

i) (4) Sport Endorsement:

(a) Pass the sport license written test.

(b) Submit a completed sport endorsement application checklist which must show consent from the Safety Officer that the pilot has complied with all the requirements and is competent to fly from all sites. (c) Shall have held the Basic Endorsed Paragliding Licence for a minimum of 12 months. (d) Shall have a minimum of 50 hours airtime logged. (e) Shall have completed a total of 200 solo flights, of which 50 flights shall be thermic flights and shall have flown 1 cross country flight of no less of 20km. (f) Demonstrates the ability to accurately assess conditions which allow for safe launch weather, field conditions, wing weight range and rating. (g) Shall have thorough theoretical knowledge of the following: (i) the performance limitations of the paraglider model in use; (ii) cliff launches; (iii) steep turns/spirals; (iv) stalls; and (v) spins.

(h) Shall show thorough knowledge and be able to demonstrate: (i) good layout and pre-flight checks; (ii) very good unassisted ground control in all conditions; (iii) good reverse pull-up technique and take-off in soar-able winds; (iv) top landing; (v) thermalling achieving a 500m height gain; (vi) landing accuracy by landing 3 out of 3 attempts in a 10m diameter circle; and (vii) shall have flown at least 6 different sites. (i) In addition shall provide a certificate from an applicable ARO recognised, that a pilot has successfully completed: (i) a safety course or SIV course; or (ii) completed the manoeuvres documented on the sports license application form under supervision of recognised school, detailing flights and dates with sign off's.

(5) Sport Endorsement for additional requirements power endorsement

(a) 80 flights PPG (taking into consideration PG credits); (b) 40 Hours min PPG logged (taking into consideration PG credits). (c) speed bar; (d) steering Systems; (e) advance turning; (f) engine Energy management; (g) low level flying, below 10m; (h) spot landing, engine off, within 10m diameter;. (i) spot landing, engine on, within 5 meters line or diameter; (j) 50Km cross country triangle flight; and (k) any other requirement documented in the applicable TPM.

(6) Assistant Instructors Endorsement: (a) Hold at least a sport endorsed paragliding license for at least one year; (b) submit a letter from an applicable ARO registered school requesting that the pilot be registered as an Assistant Instructor by an applicable ARO. (c) Completed an Instructor course or have completed the theoretical and practical training requirements at 2 (two) different applicable ARO training schools.

(7) Instructors Rating

Tandem Flight Instructor (TFI) Instructor Endorsement

(a) Tandem License held for minimum one year; (b) Total of 500 Flights (tandem and solo combined); (c) 200 Tandem flights logged; (d) 50 Tandem hours logged; (e) At least five different sites flown on tandem; (f) 25km Tandem XC flown (preferably in thermic conditions); (g) Completed at least 20 tandem flights flown in past 6 months (h) Must have signed and adhere to an applicable ARO code of conduct; and (i) Hold a certificate of competency in First Aid, which is current and valid for the period of the rating or endorsement to be granted.

(8) Practical Requirements: (a) Two Check Flights as pilot in command, done at different sites, with two different appropriately endorsed tandem and grade B and Tandem flight instructor (TFI) instructors or higher. j) (b) Present SIV certificate from registered school, for following manoeuvres, or demonstrate on a Tandem glider to an appropriately endorsed instructor: (i) pendulum control; (ii) 50%+ asymmetric collapse (trims off); (iii) front collapse (trims off); (iv) B line stall (demonstrate theory only); (v) point of spin; (vi) point of Stall; (vii) big earsllanding; (viii) butterfly landing; (ix) spiral (8 – 12m/s) demonstrating controlled exit (x) two consecutive 360Deg Turns within 20sec with accurate on heading exit; and (xii) any other requirement documented in the applicable TPM.

(9) Grade B Instructor Endorsement (a) the instructor shall have held an assistant Instructor endorsement

for at least 1 year; (b) a pilot must have logged a minimum of 500 solo flights and 100 hours and shall have held a Sport license pilot for more than 2 years; (c) pass the Instructor Rating written exam and practicalrequirements at an applicable ARO’s instructor training facility; (d) hold a certificate of competency in First Aid, which is current and valid for the period of the license to be granted; (e) have a satisfactory safety record; (f) practical experience gained by attending an approved applicable ARO’s instructor training course or attended the relevant training days at the required number of schools as provided for in the applicable TPM; (g) an applicant shall show proper attitude towards airmanship, safety, responsibility, approachability and practical instruction ability; and (h) any other requirements prescribed in the applicable TPM.

(10) Grade A Instructor Endorsement (a) a pilot shall have held a Grade B endorsed Instructors rating for a minimum of 24 months; (b) shall have held a TFI Grade C endorsed Instructors rating; (c) pass the Instructor Rating written exam and practica; requirements at an applicable ARO instructor training facility; (d) shall have assisted in at least 2 instructor training courses at a recognised ATO or ARO presented seminars; (e) hold a certificate of competency in First Aid, which is current and valid for the period of the license to be granted; (f) have a satisfactory safety record; (g) practical experience gained by attending an approved ARO’s instructor training course or presenting an Instructors training course; (h) shall have trained at least 50 students from ab-intio to a basic endorsed paragliding license; (i) an applicant shall show proper attitude towards airmanship, safety, responsibility, approachability and practical instruction ability; and (j) any other requirements prescribed in the applicable TPM.

(11) Solo Powered Paragliding Endorsement: (a) understands basic operation of the motor including at least two ways to shut it off and what to look for on pre-flight run-up; (b) demonstrate a method of establishing proper connection to the

wing with cleared lines and risers prior to inflation; (c) has completed a minimum of 35 logged flights, requires only 10 flights on PPG if pilot is already a qualified PG pilot; (d) completed a minimum of 4 hours airtime on a PPG, or 3 hours if it is a conversion course from PG; (e) completes 3 out of the last 4 forward inflations with visual canopy check each time followed by launch; (f) completes 3 out of the last 4 controlled reverse inflations with proper surge dampening followed by launch; (g) two minutes of controlled kiting overhead in a steady wind. (h) five safe, smooth power-on landings within 5 meters of a target and into the wind; (i) five safe, smooth power-off landings within 10 meters of a target and into the wind; (j) co-ordinated 90 degree, 180 degree and 360 degree turns (k) completes a RT course; (l) passes the PPG theory exam with 85% or more; and (m) any other requirement prescribed in the applicable TPM.

(12) Tandem Endorsement:

(a) minimum of 300 logged and recorded solo flights; (b) 150 hours total logged solo airtime; (c) be in possession of a valid sport endorsement for a year; (d) no incidents or accidents displaying negligence or incompetence; (e) shall pass an applicable ARO’s Tandem examination with 85% or more. (f) a minimum of 40 flights to be flown in tandem paraglider; (g) the first 10 flights to be flown with an applicably qualified tandem and Grade B endorsed paragliding Instructor or higher, with an accurate logbook with the first 2 flights with the applicant as passenger and remainder of these flights with the applicant as pilot in command and one flight with a different Grade C TFI endorsed pilot; (h) 10 flights as a PIC with Tandem endorsed pilots, (i) request the issue of paragliding ATF (Authority to Fly) prior to flying with non- tandem rated pilots the remaining 20 flights. ATF may only be issued once theoretical exam is completed and passed, and medical certificate is presented; (j) 20 Flights as PIC with at least basic rated PG pilots (Current), Must have flown with at least 2 different weighted tandem-rated pilots as passengers with a weight difference of at least 20kg, to experience the influence of different passenger weights on a tandem; (k) shall t log a minimum of 3 hours as pilot in command; (l) winch trained Tandem Pilots are to complete at least 5 flights, one of which as a passenger with a Tandem Rated Instructor from a mountain site with at least 200m height difference; (m) An applicant must get final sign off by the initial Instructor they started the Tandem endorsement course with; (n) any other requirement prescribed in the applicable TPM;

NOTE: Practical training requirements must be completed within one calendar year from commencement:

(o) demonstrate good ground handling ability with pax; (p) demonstrate unassisted forward launch in less than 5kph wind and one nil wind landing; (q) demonstrate forward launch in more than 15kph wind (may be assisted); (r) reverse launch in minimum 12kph wind; (s) demonstrate pendulum control; (t) demonstrate big ears (u) two 30min flights in thermic conditions flown at a site between 11am and 3pm. (v) fly from at least three different sites; (w) minimum five mountain launches, at least two of which with instructor as passenger (x) fly as close as possible to min and max weight range of wing by taking different weight passengers (to experience different wing loadings); (y) log 3 hours as pilot in command; (z) accuracy: land three out of three times in 15m radius circle; and (aa) Strong (20kph+) wind, unassisted landing with pilot and passenger staying on their feet while dropping the wing.

13 Powered paragliding tandem requirements

(a) a pilot shall hold a valid Powered Paragliding endorsement; (b) 150 PPG flights logged after PPG licensing; (c) 10 flights minimum to be flown with an appropriately tandem and B grade endorsed Instructor or higher with at least one as the passenger. (d) demonstrates the ability to accurately assess conditions which allow for safe launch (weather, field conditions, wing weight range and rating, etc.) (e) completed 2 flights of over 30 minutes; (f) flown at an inland sites above 1200m ASL and at sea level (g) flown as pilot in command with two Tandem rated pilots of differing weights to experience and understands the influence/effect of different wing loadings. (h) complete maneuvers as prescribed in an applicable ARO’s TPM (i) complete Tandem Tests passing with a minimum of 85% Ccnversions of Tandem endorsed pilots from powered to non-powered

a. complete the differences training and manoeuvers not covered in the respective non-powered sylabi. 14 Winch tow endorsement: An applicant shall show 5 logged winch flights to a height of 100m or more observed by an appropriately endorsed paragliding instructor.

15 PARATRIKE/WHEELED UNDERCARRIAGE/ POWERED PARACHUTE CONVERSION

Training directly on a trike from first flight shall follow the PG and PPG requirements with the following additions as applicable:

(a) demonstrates the ability to accurately pre-flight the trike and canopy prior to flight (motor/trike connection, canopy layout, avoiding wheel/line entanglements, etc.); (b) demonstrates the ability to center the canopy overhead using primarily break toggle input and minimal nose wheel steerin;. (c) demonstrates appropriate use of power to maintain canopy pressurization during launch; (d) demonstrates 5 successful no-wind launches; (e) demonstrates an understanding and control of higher approach speed due to greater wing loading; (f) demonstrates properly timed flare on landing; (g) demonstrates 5 successful landings with proper canopy control and deflation; and (h) Tandem flights are only allowed after a tandem rating has been obtained as covered in the Tandem license.

16 Powered paragliding endorsement to Paragliding endorsement

(a) demonstrates the ability to accurately assess conditions which allow for safe launch (weather, field conditions, wing weight range and rating, etc.); (b) demonstrates the ability to accurately pre-flight of equipment and canopy prior to flight ; (c) demonstrates the ability control glider; (d) demonstrates 6 successful launches (3 Forward 3 reverse); (e) demonstrates ridge soaring and adherence to ridge rules; (f) demonstrates Thermalling with a height gain achieved of 500 m (5 flights) (g) demonstrates 5 successful landings with proper canopy control and deflation; (h) demonstrates successful use of big ears and landing with big ears; and (i) Completes 10 flights.

17 Conversion from PG Basic or Sport endorsements to PPG Basic or Sport (a) 50% Credit on hours (i) Min 10 Flights (ii) Min 2 hours (iii) PPG/PPT Exam (iv) Min Flight requirements (not done under PG License or endorsement)

18 CONVERSION Tandem PG to Tandem PPG/PPG/PPC TRIKE (a) 100% credit for flights (i) min 10 Flights (v) (ii) min 2 Hours (vi) (iii) PPG/PPT Exam (vii) (iv) min Flight requirements (exercises not done under PG Tandem endorsements)

(v) include any specific exams to type

19 Conversion PPG/PPT to PG Basic to Sport endorsements (b) 50% Credit on hours (i) min 10 Flights (ii) min 2 hours (iii) min Flight requirements (note done under PPG/PPT license or endorsements) 20 Conversions between PG and PPG/TRIKE for Instructors (a) 50% credit for flights (b) Differences training

20 ENDORSEMENTS

(a) Any form of additional flying attribute or skill that is deemed necessary can be endorsed in the pilot’s logbook to ensure they can operate with this permission by an A or B grade instructor.

APPENIX 106.26 RECREATIONAL PILOT LICENCE HANG-GLIDING INCLUSIVE OF ALL RATINGS AND ENDORSEMENTS

1. Log books

(1) Logbooks will either be kept in digital format, or in physical format and shall comprise at a minimum the following:

(a) Flight number

(b) Flight date

(d) Total flight time

(e) Site name

(f) Hang glider flown

(g) Solo or Tandem

(h) Powered or Non Powered

2. A Hang Gliding License will be issued with the following endorsements after having completed the required criteria documented in this appendix however criteria in the TPM shall take precedence:

(1) Novice Endorsements

(a) demonstrate a thorough pre-flight check; (b) demonstrate a good take off in light to no wind (0-5kph); (c) demonstrate good take of and landing technique; (d) do controlled 180 degree turns in both directions; (e) show the ability to fly at the correct flying speed; (f) execute 4 out of 5 landings in a designated area; and (g) orally explain knowledge of back up reserve deployment.

(2) Class A Endorsement:

(a) Capability of demonstrating the following to a satisfactory standard: (i) thorough pre-flight check; (ii) take off in more than 24kph wind; (iii) ability to maintain correct flying speed; (iv) partial stall and recovery; (v) controlled 360o turns in both directions with pre-determined entry and exit without marked slip or slide; (vi) 4 out of 5 controlled landings within a 50m-diameter circle; (vii) flight in conditions, which require quick control responses for safe flight; (viii) good take-off technique; (ix) good general flying with proper mental attitude; (x) knowledge of back up parachute deployment; and (xi) shallt have hill launch endorsement. (3) Class B Endorsement:

(a) Display application of discretion in assessment of flying conditions. (b) Capability of demonstrating the following to a satisfactory standard:

(i) application of discretion in assessment of flying sites and conditions; (ii) thorough pre-flight check; (iii) good general flying with proper mental attitude; (iv) wire launch take-off; (v) 4 out of 5 landings within a 50m diameter circle; (vi) controlled landings feet first without the control frame touching the ground; (vii) perfect take-off technique. No evidence of a stall may be shown (viii) nil wind take off; (ix) take off in 30kph wind; (x) figure 8 manoeuvre around 2 fixed pylons in a 15kph wind, showing ability to correct for drift;

(xi) safe landings in restricted areas- land within 100 meters upwind of a 5m high obstacle; and (xii) Full stall and recovery.

(4) Class C Endorsement: (a) Display application of discretion in assessment of flying conditions. (b) Capability of demonstrating the following to a satisfactory standard:

(i) good general flying with proper mental attitude; (ii) perfect take-off and landing technique; (iii) at least two cross-country flights with a total distance of at least 50km, out of ridge lift; (iv) tested on radio etiquette and procedure; (v) appropriate navigation between airspace; and (vi) any other requirement prescribed in an applicable TPM

(5) Assistant Instructor Endorsement:

(a) The assistant/trainee instructor hold at least a grade B endorsed hang gliding license.

(b) The assistant/trainee instructor shall register as an assistant instructor with an applicable ARO registered hang gliding school (c) Hold a certificate of competency in First Aid that is current and valid during the period of the license or rating issued or to be issued. (d) Proper attitude, airmanship, any other requirement documented in the applicable TPM. (e) Responsibility, approachability and practical instructor potential to be displayed. (f) Must have read and possess the USHGA or current applicable Instructors manual as per the applicable TPM. (g) Have a satisfactory safety record.

(6) Instructors Rating

(a) Grade C Instructor Endorsement (i) the pilot shall have logged at least 200 solo flights and 100 hours airtime; (ii) Grade C-Endorsed hang-glider license held for at least 12 months; (iii) pass Instructor theory written test; pPass the most recent compiled test papers for all license and endorsements applicable; (iv) hold a certificate of competency in First Aid that is current and valid during the period of the license or rating issued or to be issued; (v) shall have read and have access the applicable USHGA Instructors manual or an applicable ARO instructor manual; (vi) satisfactory safety record; (vii) minimum practical experience gained by acting as an assistant instructor for an applicable ARO rated hang glider Instructor taking at least one student from start to the finish

of the Novice endorsement hang gliding license course, which shall comprise not less than 10 full days of instruction. (viii) it is recommended that the assistant instructor, in addition spends at least one day of training of student pilots with a different applicable ARO registered school. (ix) Any other requirement prescribed in the applicable TPM.

(b) Grade B Instructor Endorsement (i) an instructor shall have held a C grade endorsed Instructor rating for at least 1 year; (ii) an instructor must have completed at least 2 hang gliding training courses acting as instructor; (iii) the courses shall be signed off by at least a B or A Grade endorsed hang- gliding instructor; (iv) pass the most recent compiled test papers for all license grades; (v) hold a certificate of competency in First Aid that is current and valid during the period of the license or rating issued or to be issued.; (vi) proper attitude, airmanship, responsibility, approachability and practical instructor potential to be displayed; (vii) must have read and have access the applicable USHGA Instructors manual or an applicable ARO instructor manual. (viii) Satisfactory safety record; and (ix) Any other requirement prescribed in an applicable TPM

(c) Grade A Instructor Endorsement (i) a pilot shall have logged at least 500 solo flights and 300 hours of airtime; (ii) minimum of 5 years as a B Grade endorsed Hang gliding instructor; (iii) shall have independently completed the training of a minimum of 30 students from ab initio to novice endorsement hang glider license standard;

(iv) hold a certificate of competency in First Aid that is current and valid during the period of the license or rating issued or to be issued; (v) possess a proper attitude, airmanship, responsibility, approachability and practical instructor potential to be displayed; (vi) satisfactory safety record without an incident displaying negligence or incompetence in the preceding 12 months. (vii) shall have read and possess the USHGA or current applicable Instructor’s manual as per an applicable TPM. (viii) shall have presented at least one instructor seminar under supervision/guidance of a Grade A hang gliding instructor, including showing competence in CAR’s, CAT’s, Appendices, MOP’s, TPM, ARO and ATO interpretation and reviewing of latest international instructing trends; and (ix) any other requirement prescribed in an applicable TPM.

(7) Powered hang gliding Endorsement:

(a) minimum of 10 flights of at least 1 min each with a minimum total of 3 hours airtime; (b) at least one cross country flight with an out landing and re-launch. (c) pass the Novice, A-license and powered hang gliding theory exam (d) thorough pre-flight check; (e) ability to maintain constant climb under power; (f) ability to maintain straight and level flight under power; (g) controlled 360 degree turns in both directions with pre-determined entry and exit without marked slip or slide while under power; (h) 4 out of 5 controlled landings within a 50m diameter circle; (i) flight in conditions which require quick control responses for safe flight; and (j) knowledge of back-up parachute deployment pertaining to PHG.

(8) Tandem Endorsement:

(a) an applicant shall have logged 300 solo flights of minimum 60 seconds

duration each; (b) have a minimum of 150 hours of total solo airtime; (c) hold a C-endorsed hang glider license; (d) provide a Class 4 Medical certificate as per part 67; (e) have read the Hang-gliding Tandem recommendations in an applicable TPM; (f) completed at least 10 tandem flights, of which the first three must be with a Hang Gliding tandem endorsed instructor, 3 of which must be as passenger and 5 as pilot in command, total of at least 3 hours flight time. All 10 flights must be supervised by a Tandem Endorsed grade B or A endorsed instructor; (g) shall have passed the theory exam for tandem hang gliding. (h) shall apply to an applicable hang-gliding committee for final approval; and (i) for tandem flights conducted above 450ft AGL tandem reserves are compulsory.

(9) Winch tow endorsement:

(a) minimum of 5 Tow flights to at least 300ft AGL supervised by tow rated instructor; (b) at least 1 tow flight in moderate thermic conditions; (c) satisfactorily demonstrated the following: (i) Inspection and lay out of towing system used. (d) (ii) signals used for communication between pilot, launch marshal and tow vehicle; (e) (iii) accurate description of general towing procedures; (f) (iv) accurate description of most likely emergency situations and their remedies; (g) (v) shall be able to distinguish the differences between foot launch and dolly/platform launch techniques.

(10) Hang gliding aero tow endorsement:

(a) complete a minimum of 8 Aero tow flights to at least 1000ft AGL of which 4 shall be supervised by an Aero tow endorsed Instructor and

4 must be in moderate thermic conditions; (b) it is recommended that Novice and A-endorsed hang glider pilot do at least one tandem aero tow for familiarization purposes. ( flights shall be supervised by an aero tow instructor); (c) in case of an applicant being trained solely on aero tow for Novice endorsement then: (aa) minimum of 10 of Aero Tows as P2 with tandem Aero tow Instructor; and (bb) minimum of 10 solo aero tows under direct supervision of tandem Aero tow instructor.

(11) Hill launch endorsement:

(a) A pilot shall have undergone at least two full days of foot launch training with a HG instructor which shall include at least 10 logged training hill foot launched flights which shall also include ground skimming”.”

MOTIVATION The current CATS and inclusion in part 62 has never been the correct fit as these craft and the previous repealed part 106 in 1997 should have remained in situ if we look back with 20/ 20 vision. This re-institution of the part 106 we believe will adequately provide for advances and changes in these disciplines and thus changes proposed take into consideration world’s best practice and decisions arrived at our instructor’s seminar

AS it is a complete new part in terms of the 2011 regulations consider the entire document underlined which we have currently omitted for ease of reading and editing.

The is no requirement for complicated CATS

These adjustments and brutally simple CATS to bring back to ease of administration and lowering of costs are vital for the continuation of the sport of paragliding and hang- gliding inclusive of powered versions and wheeled under carriage. We as a country

have far exceeded the oversight and brought in ICAO level licensing etc. which is not in line with the rest of the world and done damage to what should be a growing sport due to excessive bureaucracy. It is overkill and in very many first world countries that are aviation astute, there is no licensing merely permits or certificates or membership of an organisation similar to an ARO.

These are not ICAO legislated craft and are not on the South Africa register primarily used for recreational aviation.

NOTE: They are not licensed.

REFERENCE

FRANCE, USA, Australia New Zealand,

There is serious debate whether paragliders are aircraft and it is clear that they operate very differently from other aircraft requiring aerodromes etc. for this reason it is imperative that the separate part is re implemented as it was originally envisaged in 1997

The regulator that has limited knowledge or understanding of these types of aviation have been over regulating and the attempt to fit a free flight foot launched sport into part 62 which is not the best fit must be adjusted until such time as SACAA decided whether placing this aviation sector in its own part as was envisaged in 1997 with part 106.

RAASA did not work for SAHPA and the guidance while limited received from the SACAA is we are the experts and can rewrite our regulations as we see fit. Here is our first set of changes.

The single license with endorsement system will work for our pilots and will bring safety enhancements as pilots will not have to wait for SACAA laborious licensing delays etc.

Our Standards are based on the CIVL SAFEFTY pro standard which is an FAI world standard adhered to by all major countries in the world and South Africa’s permit to fly

is held in high esteem and accepted internationally and is considered one of the sector’s leaders in the setting of standards.

Our new standard license minimum criteria meet the FAI International IPPI 4 standard with 5 being the highest

Pilot is responsible for himself. We offer a guideline.

USA

Note: No License

FAR 103

Far 103 defines ultralight vehicles in two categories: powered and unpowered. To be considered an ultralight vehicle, a hang glider must weigh less than 155 pounds; while a powered vehicle must weigh less than 254 pounds; is limited to 5 U.S. gallons of fuel; must have a maximum speed of not more than 55 knots; and must have a poweroff stall speed of no more than 24 knots.

Both powered and unpowered ultralight vehicles are limited to a single occupant. Those vehicles which exceed the above criteria will be considered aircraft for purposes of airworthiness certification and registration, and their operators will be subject to the same certification requirements as are aircraft operators.

These rules for ultralight vehicles are needed to achieve an acceptable level of air safety by reducing potential conflict with other airspace users and to provide protection to persons and property on the ground.

FAR 103 INTRO

FAR 103 governs the operation of ultralight vehicles by specifying the airspace which requires prior authorization of Air Traffic Control (ATC), prohibiting operation over congested areas, and providing for operations during twilight hours with proper lighting. Right-of-way and minimum visibility rules are also established.

The FAA has chosen not to promulgate Federal regulations regarding pilot certification, vehicle certification, and vehicle registration, preferring that the ultralight community assume the initiative for the development of these important safety programs.

The ultralight community is expected to take positive action to develop these programs in a timely manner and gain FAA approval for their implementation. Should this approach fail to meet FAA safety objectives, further regulatory action may be necessary.

paramotor

PARAMOTOR LAWS: WHY WE HAVE TO FOLLOW FAR 103

The operations of ultralight vehicles are now a significant factor in aviation safety. The vehicles are routinely operated, without authorization, into regulated airspace, such as airport traffic areas, terminal control areas, positive control areas, and prohibited and restricted areas.

Many operations have also taken place over congested areas and spectators and into adverse weather conditions in which operations may be conducted by pilots and

aircraft which are qualified for instrument flight (IFR conditions). The midair collision potential presented by unauthorized operations is contrary to the FAA responsibility of ensuring the safety of all airspace operations including air carrier aircraft.

To establish regulations to deter flights which present a serious danger to aircraft and to provide a basis for necessary enforcement action the FAA published Notice of Proposed Rule-making No 816 on July 27, 1981 (46 FR 38472). That Notice proposed to include both powered and unpowered hang gliders under the generic term "ultralight vehicle'' and included proposed weight and fuel limitations for those vehicles.

The Notice proposed a number of operational limitations for ultralight vehicles, while recognizing that the vehicles are used primarily for sport purposes. More than 2,500 persons and organizations submitted comments to that proposed rule. This rule is the result of FAA consideration of those comments in light of its responsibility for safety in the National Airspace System. Because of the growing significance of this segment of the aviation community, the new rules were codified under a new part of the Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 103.

FAR PART 103 FOR ULTRALIGHTS

Adopted July 30, 1982, effective on October 4 that same year, FAR 103 formally established what truly is recreational flight. FAR 103 established limits on size, performance, and configuration and also established that people flying them needed no certificate or medical qualification.

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40103–40104, 40113, 44701.

Source: Docket No. 21631, 47 FR 38776, Sept. 2, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart A—General

§ 103.1 Applicability.

This part prescribes rules governing the operation of ultralight vehicles in the United States. For the purposes of this part, an ultralight vehicle is a vehicle that:

(a) Is used or intended to be used for manned operation in the air by a single occupant;

(b) Is used or intended to be used for recreation or sport purposes only;

(d) If unpowered, weighs less than 155 pounds; or

(e) If powered:

(1) Weighs less than 254 pounds empty weight, excluding floats and safety devices which are intended for deployment in a potentially catastrophic situation;

(2) Has a fuel capacity not exceeding 5 U.S. gallons;

(3) Is not capable of more than 55 knots calibrated airspeed at full power in level flight; and

(4) Has a power-off stall speed which does not exceed 24 knots calibrated airspeed.

§ 103.3 Inspection requirements.

(a) Any person operating an ultralight vehicle under this part shall, upon request, allow the Administrator, or his designee, to inspect the vehicle to determine the applicability of this part.

(b) The pilot or operator of an ultralight vehicle must, upon request of the Administrator, furnish satisfactory evidence that the vehicle is subject only to the provisions of this part.

§ 103.5 Waivers.

No person may conduct operations that require a deviation from this part except under a written waiver issued by the Administrator.

§ 103.7 Certification and registration.

(a) Notwithstanding any other section pertaining to certification of aircraft or their parts or equipment, ultralight vehicles and their component parts and equipment are not required to meet the airworthiness certification standards specified for aircraft or to have certificates of airworthiness.

(b) Notwithstanding any other section pertaining to airman certification, operators of ultralight vehicles are not required to meet any aeronautical knowledge, age, or experience requirements to operate those vehicles or to have airman or medical certificates.

(c) Notwithstanding any other section pertaining to registration and marking of aircraft, ultralight vehicles are not required to be registered or to bear markings of any type.

Subpart B—Operating Rules

§ 103.9 Hazardous operations.

(a) No person may operate any ultralight vehicle in a manner that creates a hazard to other persons or property.

(b) No person may allow an object to be dropped from an ultralight vehicle if such action creates a hazard to other persons or property.

§ 103.11 Daylight operations.

(a) No person may operate an ultralight vehicle except between the hours of sunrise and sunset. (b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this section, ultralight vehicles may be operated during the twilight periods 30 minutes before official sunrise and 30 minutes after official sunset or, in Alaska, during the period of civil twilight as defined in the Air Almanac, if:

(1) The vehicle is equipped with an operating anticollision light visible for at least 3 statute miles; and

(2) All operations are conducted in uncontrolled airspace.

§ 103.13 OPERATION NEAR AIRCRAFT; RIGHT-OF-WAY RULES.

(a) Each person operating an ultralight vehicle shall maintain vigilance so as to see and avoid aircraft and shall yield the right-of-way to all aircraft.

(b) No person may operate an ultralight vehicle in a manner that creates a collision hazard with respect to any aircraft.

§ 103.15 Operations over congested areas.

No person may operate an ultralight vehicle over any congested area of a city, town, or settlement, or over any open air assembly of persons.

§ 103.17 Operations in certain airspace.

No person may operate an ultralight vehicle within Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class D airspace or within the lateral boundaries of the surface area of Class E airspace designated for an airport unless that person has prior authorization from the ATC facility having jurisdiction over that airspace.

[Amdt. 103–17, 56 FR 65662, Dec. 17, 1991]

§ 103.19 Operations in prohibited or restricted areas.

No person may operate an ultralight vehicle in prohibited or restricted areas unless that person has permission from the using or controlling agency, as appropriate.

§ 103.20 Flight restrictions in the proximity of certain areas designated by notice to airmen.

No person may operate an ultralight vehicle in areas designated in a Notice to Airmen under §91.137, §91.138, §91.141, §91.143 or §91.145 of this chapter, unless authorized by:

(a) Air Traffic Control (ATC); or

(b) A Flight Standards Certificate of Waiver or Authorization issued for the demonstration or event.

[Doc. No. FAA–2000–8274, 66 FR 47378, Sept. 11, 2001]

§ 103.21 Visual reference with the surface.

No person may operate an ultralight vehicle except by visual reference with the surface.

§ 103.23 Flight visibility and cloud clearance requirements.

No person may operate an ultralight vehicle when the flight visibility or distance from clouds is less than that in the table found below. All operations in Class A, Class B, Class C, and Class D airspace or Class E airspace designated for an airport must receive prior ATC authorization as required in §103.17 of this part.

Airspace Flight visibility Distance from clouds

Class A Not applicable Not Applicable.

Class B 3 statute miles Clear of Clouds.

Class C 3 statute miles 500 feet below.

1,000 feet above.

2,000 feet horizontal.

Class D 3 statute miles 500 feet below.

1,000 feet above.

2,000 feet horizontal.

Class E:

Less than 10,000 feet MSL 3 statute miles 500 feet below.

1,000 feet above.

2,000 feet horizontal.

At or above 10,000 feet MSL 5 statute miles 1,000 feet below.

1,000 feet above.

1 statute mile horizontal.

Class G:

1,200 feet or less above the surface (regardless of MSL altitude) 1 statute mile Clear of clouds.

More than 1,200 feet above the surface but less than 10,000 feet MSL 1 statute mile 500 feet below.

1,000 feet above.

2,000 feet horizontal.

More than 1,200 feet above the surface and at or above 10,000 feet MSL 5 statute miles 1,000 feet below.

1,000 feet above.

1 statute mile horizontal.

USHPA approved tandem launch sites characteristics document

Exemption Wording

[The FAA grants] United States Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association, Inc. (USHPA) and exemption from 14 CFR § 103.1(a) and (b) to permit its members to operate unpowered ultralight vehicles (hang gliders) weighing less than 155 pounds, with another occupant, for the purpose of sport, training, or recreation, subject to the conditions and limitations listed below.

Conditions and Limitations

1. This exemption is limited to § 103.1(a) and (b) only. Each flight must comply with all other sections of part 103.

2. All flights operating under this exemption must be for training purposes only. This exemption applies only to flights for the purpose of giving instruction in two-place unpowered ultralight vehicles from USHPA-approved launch sites to provide student with basic skills necessary for safe flight. There is no training program requirement found in part 103, so training should provide sufficient understanding of information provided in the FAA Pilots Handbook and Powered Parachute Handbook as applicable to part 103 operations.

3. Both occupants on all two-place training flights must possess a current pilot rating issued by the USHPA and at least one occupant must possess a current USHPA Tandem Instructor rating, or be in training for an Initial Tandem Instructor rating.

4. Prior to all two-occupant training flights, the student must be informed that the flight is conducted under an exemption granted by the FAA and that the ultralight vehicle does not meet aircraft certification standards set forth by the FAA.

5. For identification purposes, the USHPA shall issue an individual authorization to each person allowed to conduct operations under this exemption. Each authorization shall include an identification number and a copy of this exemption. The USHPA shall also have a procedure to rescind this authority when needed.

6. Each individual who operates an ultralight vehicle under the authority of this exemption must be familiar with the provisions contained herein and must have in his or her personal possession a copy of the authorization issued by the USHPA and a

copy of this exemption. These documents shall be presented for inspection upon request by the FAA.

7. This exemption is not valid for operations outside of the United States.

Canada

In Canada, hang gliders and paragliders and powered versions thereof are not required to be registered or to bear identification marks. There are no airworthiness standards or requirements imposed by the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs). The CARs do not impose any training requirements for hang glider or paraglider pilots and the regulations do not require these pilots to hold any pilot licence or permit to operate their aircraft. There is, however a requirement to obtain the HAGAR annotation prior to piloting hang gliders and paragliders in controlled airspace. Most of the CARs about airspace apply to hang gliders and paragliders. Hang glider operators may use an ultra-light aeroplane to tow a hang glider. Before doing so, these operators are required to notify Transport Canada through the Recreational Aviation division of their nearest General Aviation office.

Brazil

In Brazil there is no legal requirement for a paragliding license.

There are even three independent organsiations (ABVL, ABP, ABPI) that issue licenses.

But you might be barred from private take-offs for not having the right license. But this is very rare but happens for example at Pedra Bonita in Rio de Janeira where you have to show proof of license (normally a FAI IPPI card). http://www.guia4ventos.com.br/rampas-do-brasil/34-rampas-d(shrinked URL)rado- rampa-da-pedra-bonita-rj

The Brazilian championship is also always an Open that accepts foreign pilots. The license is normally not an issue.

France

Note: No Licence but insurance

French flying rules are settled by the « Direction Générale de l'Aviation Civile » (DGAC). This administration is under the control of the Department of Transport. The collection of these flying rules are gathered in the « Rules of Aeronautical Circulation » (RAC) dealing with the use of spaces and the procedures.

DGAC decrees have defined and regulated ultra-light gliders. The acronym 'P.U.L.' is used, it stands for 'Planeur Ultra Léger'.

One was published in the « Journal Officiel » of November 1, 1985. It states that :

A PUL is a non-powered aircraft, able to take off or to land easily, by using muscular energy of its pilot or potential energy.

A PUL is exempted of navigability certificate. ( ie a license )

An other one dated of October 17, 1977 states that : RAC are applying to PULs as far as they can be coherently applied.

A bylaw of May 18, 1978 allowing ultralight flights under 3 conditions :

to have the agreement of the owner of take off and landing places ; to know the opinion of the mayor of the flying site ; to be insured for flying activities covering third-party damages.

Australia

No License but a membership

Australian Power Gliders.

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Legal Information

Before Flying in Australia you should become a Member with either the SAFA or RAA!

In our terms an ARO

There is no licence needed to fly a PPG or WPPG in Australia, however there are Accreditation requirements that are different for either of the current two governing bodies, being SAFA (Sports Aviation Federation of Australia) & RAA (Recreational Aviation Australia), further information can be found on there web sites.

However, as a general rule a majority of Foot launch Powered Paragliders (PPG) lean towards the SAFA, whilst Wheeled Power Paragliders (WPPG) tend to use the RAA,

The rules state:

"It is illegal to fly a hand-glider, paraglider or weight-shift microlight aircraft in Australia without being a member of the SAFA or RAA and being issued an approved certificate".

(Refer to federal aviation rules and CAO 95.8 or CAO 95.32 or 95.10).

Membership with the Sports Aviation Federation of Australia (SAFA)

A Full year SAFA Pilot membership was $280 +state Levy $22~$62, or you can obtain a Temporary membership for $150.00 (120 Days) from the SAFA or via Instructors.

RAA memberships are available with most Flight Instructors or Flight Training school or via the internet on the RAA web site: www.RAA.asn.au, membership also includes a liability Insurance coverage, so even though an insurance policy from an overseas country may be valid world wide, it may not satisfy the naming requirements and therefore won't satisfy the conditions to fly in Australia.

Airspace restrictions

In Australia paragliders are classed as sailplanes (gliders) and pilots will need to observe the appropriate airspace restrictions and VFR flight restrictions.

Most areas are in class G airspace (10'000ft) with no restrictions for hundreds of kilometres. There are also 8km radius CTAF's around most airports to a height of 920mt (3000ft) - you can only legally enter the area with the use of a VHF air band radio and appropriate position calls. Please consult the appropriate airspace map and familiarise yourself with the restrictions if you plan on a cross country flight.

If flying over a town or populated area a 300mt (1'000ft) clearance of Buildings should be maintained, at all other times in public areas a minimum 90mt (300ft) clearance of the public &/or above tarred roads, unless landing.

Radio communications

The use of 2 metre radio equipment in Australia is limited to individuals holding an amateur radio operators license. A 2mtr radio is an amateur VHF radio band, with frequencies from 144.000 MHz to 148.000 MHz.

We know of two citizens band radio systems in use in Australia, a 27Mhz AM system and a 476/477 Mhz UHF FM system. Neither of these two systems require a license in Australia.

If you are planning to use 2mtr radios it is said you need to have a license and if you are from another country you must get a reciprocal Australian license issued. Only those pilots who hold an amateur radio operators licence issued by the appropriate authority in their own country and which is approved by the authority in Australia ($45 fee payable) are legally entitled to use 2mtr VHF radios. The normal call signs and radio usage protocols of amateur operators are expected to be used on these frequencies.

1 Civil Aviation Order 95.8 Instrument 2011 made under regulation 308 (1) of the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998. This document was prepared on 30 March 2011 following the making of Civil Aviation Order 95.8 Instrument 2011. Prepared by the Legislative Drafting Branch, Legal Services Division, Civil Aviation Safety Authority, Canberra. Contents Exemption from provisions of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 — hang-gliders Page 1 Application 1 2 Definitions 2 3 Exemptions under regulation 308

3 4 Licence not required 3 5 Aircraft not required to be registered 4 6 General conditions 4 7 Flight conditions 4 8 Approval of flights not complying with flight conditions 6 Note to Civil Aviation Order 95.8 6 1 Name of instrument This instrument is the Civil Aviation Order 95.8 Instrument 2011. 2 Commencement This instrument commences on the day after it is registered. 3 New Civil Aviation Order 95.8 Civil Aviation Order 95.8 is repealed and a new Civil Aviation Order 95.8 is substituted as set out in Schedule 1. Schedule 1 Civil Aviation Order 95.8 Exemption from provisions of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 — hang-gliders 1 Application 1.1 This Order applies to any aircraft referred to in paragraph 1.2 that is only used: (a) in private operations for recreational purposes; or Civil Aviation Order 95.8 2 (b) for flying training for the issue of a pilot certificate under this Part. 1.2 For paragraph 1.1, the aircraft is:

(a) a framed hang-glider; or (b) a powered hang-glider; or (c) a paraglider; or (d) a powered paraglider. 2 Definitions In this Order: Act means the Civil Aviation Act 1988. authorised person means a person included in a class of persons appointed under regulation 6 of CAR 1988. CAR 1988 means the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988. closely-settled area, in relation to an aircraft, means an area in which, because of: (a) man-made obstructions such as buildings and vehicles; and (b) the capabilities of the aircraft; the aircraft could not be landed without endangering the safety of persons unconnected with the aircraft or damaging property in the area. empty weight means the actual weight of aircraft to which this Order applies in its airborne configuration including all fittings and equipment but excluding recovery or personnel parachutes. framed hang-glider means a glider that has a maximum empty weight of less than 70 kilograms and some rigid structure. glider has the same meaning as in CAR 1988. HGFA means the Hang Gliding Federation of Australia Inc. HGFA Operations Manual means a manual acceptable to CASA that is issued by the HGFA and contains the procedures and instructions necessary to ensure an acceptable level of pilot training and proficiency and the safe conduct of hang-gliding operations. Military Control Zone means a control zone administered by a military authority and so designated in Aeronautical Information Publication or by Notice to Airmen. Order means Civil Aviation Order. paraglider means a glider that has an empty weight less than 70 kilograms and has a wing that is inflated and maintains its profile in flight due to the ram-air pressure of the air through which it moves. powered hang-glider means an aircraft that would be a glider, in particular a framed hang-glider, if it did not have an engine attached. powered paraglider means an aircraft that is a paraglider with an engine attached. public road means a street, road, lane, thoroughfare or place open to, or used by, the public for passage of vehicles. Civil Aviation Order 95.8 3 suitable landing area means an area in which an aircraft, to which this Order applies, can be landed without endangering the safety, or damaging the property, of persons unconnected with the aircraft. 3 Exemptions under regulation 308 3.1 Subject to paragraph 3.2, a person is exempt from compliance with the following provisions of CAR 1988 while he or she is associated with the flying of an aircraft to which this Order applies: (a) Parts 4, 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 5 and 7; (b) subregulations 83 (1), (2) and (3) in respect of V.H.F. equipment; (c) Part 11 (other than regulations 143, 144, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153 and 156); (d) subregulation 162 (3), from the requirement that an aircraft must alter its heading to the right, when overtaking another aircraft to which this Order

or CAO 95.4 applies — but only if: (i) the aircraft being overtaken is engaged in ridge or hill soaring; and (ii) the overtaking aircraft would not pass well clear if the aircraft being overtaken turns away from the ridge or hill; and (iii) the overtaking aircraft has to turn to the left in order to pass between the ridge or hill and the other aircraft; (e) subregulation 163AA (2); (f) paragraphs 166A (2) (d), (e) and (f), provided that an aircraft operating in the circuit area of a non-controlled aerodrome must, as far as practicable, make all turns in the established circuit direction; (g) regulations 207 and 208; (h) regulation 210 as far as advertising of flying training to qualify for a pilot standard specified in the HGFA Operations Manual is concerned; (i) regulation 230; (j) subregulation 243 (1), except when the glider is operating: (i) in controlled airspace, unless Air Traffic Control has authorised the use of an alternative frequency; or (ii) in the vicinity of an aerodrome served by a regular public transport service; or (iii) in the vicinity of an aerodrome designated under regulation 166A; (k) regulations 252 and 258; (l) regulation 322. 3.2 The conditions set out in subsections 6 and 7 must be complied with by, and in relation to, such an aircraft. 4 Licence not required 4.1 For section 20AB of the Act, a person is authorised to perform a duty essential to the operation of an aircraft to which this Order applies without holding a flight crew licence if he or she complies with the conditions set out in subsections 6 and 7. 4.2 In spite of paragraph 4.1, a person must hold a flight radiotelephone operator licence if he or she makes airborne radio transmissions on aeronautical HF frequencies. Civil Aviation Order 95.8 4 Note A licence is not required to make airborne radio transmissions that are not on aeronautical HF frequencies. 5 Aircraft not required to be registered For paragraph 20AA (1) (b) of the Act, an aircraft, to which this Order applies, is not required to be registered under CAR 1988 when it is flown in accordance with the conditions set out in subsections 6 and 7. 6 General conditions 6.1 A person must not act as pilot in command of an aircraft to which this Order applies unless he or she is the holder of a pilot certificate issued by the HGFA or he or she is under the supervision of an instructor approved by the HGFA. 6.2 A person must not be issued with a pilot certificate unless he or she has undergone the training for, and met the requirements applicable to, the certificate applied for as specified in the HGFA Operations Manual. 6.3 The holder of a pilot certificate is subject to the privileges and limitations specified in the HGFA Operations Manual as being appropriate to the pilot certificate held. 6.4 The HGFA may suspend, cancel or otherwise vary a pilot certificate but, unless the HGFA has exercised such power, that certificate must remain in force for the period

specified in the HGFA Operations Manual. 6.5 A person seeking renewal of a pilot certificate must apply to the HGFA and must meet the renewal requirements applicable to that certificate as specified in the HGFA Operations Manual. 6.6 An aircraft to which this Order applies must be operated in accordance with the rules, regulations and directions made by the HGFA for the operation of such aircraft and specified in the HGFA Operations Manual or in any other manual or document of the HGFA. 6.7 Upon the request of an authorised person, the owner or operator of an aircraft to which this Order applies must furnish satisfactory evidence that the aircraft meets the weight requirements of this Order. 6.8 An authorised person must, at all reasonable times, have access to any aircraft to which this Order applies for the purpose of inspecting the aircraft to determine that it meets the weight requirements of this Order. 7 Flight conditions 7.1 Subject to paragraph 8.5, an aircraft to which this Order applies must not be flown: (a) at a height in excess of 10 000 feet above mean sea level unless each person in the aircraft is supplied with oxygen from a supply system approved by CASA or the HGFA; or (b) at a height in excess of 300 feet above ground level unless a serviceable altimeter which meets the standards specified in Civil Aviation Order 103.3 and set to QNH is carried in a position so as to be easily read by the pilot at all times while in flight; or (c) within an area designated by CASA as an area where the operation of hang-gliders would constitute a hazard to other aircraft; or (d) at night; or Civil Aviation Order 95.8 5 (e) other than in V.M.C.; or (f) in the case of a framed hang-glider or a paraglider — over a body of water beyond gliding distance from a suitable landing area, unless the operator has a rescue water craft in the vicinity; or (g) in the case of a powered hang-glider or a powered paraglider, over a body of water: (i) beyond gliding distance from a suitable landing area; or (ii) beyond a horizontal distance of 25 nautical miles from a suitable landing area — if each occupant wears a life jacket and the aircraft is equipped with a serviceable radiocommunication system and: (A) an approved ELT, or an approved portable ELT, within the meaning of regulation 252A of CAR 1988; or (B) a personal locator beacon that has been approved by CASA for use in such an aircraft. (h) within 8 kilometres of a military aerodrome; or (i) except in: (i) Class G airspace; or (ii) Class E airspace in V.M.C.; or (iii) Class C or Class D airspace that is below 300 feet above ground level and not within 16 kilometres of a controlled aerodrome; or (iv) Class C or Class D airspace to which sub-subparagraph (iii) does not refer — if in accordance with paragraph 7.6; or Note Classes of airspace are defined in the Australian Airspace

Policy Statement. (j) over any closely-settled area — below 1 000 feet above terrain, or the lowest height from which the hang-glider could land outside the closely-settled area, whichever is the higher, except that during the launching and landing phase of flight only the requirement to be able to land clear of a closely-settled area applies; or (k) during the launching or landing phase of a flight — unless the aircraft can be launched or landed without endangering the safety of persons unrelated to the launching or landing or damaging unrelated property, and no closer than the distances specified in the HGFA Operations Manual. 7.2 An aircraft to which this Order applies must not be flown at any height within a Military Control Zone unless the prior approval of the appropriate military authority has been obtained. 7.3 The radiotelephone equipment (if any) fitted to an aircraft must not be used by a person unless the person holds: (a) for transmissions on VHF frequencies only — a valid certificate, issued by the HGFA in accordance with the appropriate operations manual, relating to the operation of radiotelephone equipment; or (b) for all transmissions — a flight radiotelephone operator licence. 7.4 Except with the written permission of CASA, a person must not carry out acrobatic flight in an aircraft to which this Order applies over a closely-settled area. Civil Aviation Order 95.8 6 7.5 A person must not carry out acrobatic flight in an aircraft to which this Order applies unless he or she has taken action to ensure that the following requirements are met: (a) any loose articles are made secure in the aircraft; (b) each person attached to the aircraft is secured with a correctly adjusted safety harness. 7.6 An aircraft to which this Order applies may be flown in Class C or Class D airspace if the pilot: (a) holds a valid pilot licence (not being a student pilot licence), issued under Part 5 of CAR 1988, that allows the holder to fly in that airspace; and (b) has satisfactorily completed a flight review in accordance with regulation 5.81, 5.108 or 5.169 of CAR 1988. 8 Approval of flights not complying with flight conditions 8.1 A person who wants to fly an aircraft to which this Order applies, otherwise than in accordance with the flight conditions set out in paragraph 7.1, may apply to CASA for approval of the flight. 8.2 The application must: (a) be in writing; and (b) include details of the proposed flight; and (c) be made at least 28 days before the proposed flight. 8.3 CASA may, in writing, approve the application. 8.4 The approval: (a) must specify which of the flight conditions set out in paragraph 7.1 do not apply to the use, by the applicant, of the aircraft in the proposed flight; and (b) may specify conditions to be complied with in relation to the proposed flight. 8.5 If the proposed flight takes place in accordance with the approval (including any conditions

specified in the approval in accordance with subparagraph 8.4 (b)), the use by the applicant of the aircraft in the flight is not subject to the flight conditions specified in the approval in accordance with subparagraph 8.4 (a). Note to Civil Aviation Order 95.8 Instrument 2011 The Civil Aviation Order (in force under the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988) as shown in this document comprises Civil Aviation Order 95.8 made as indicated in the Table below. Table Year and number Date of registration on FRLI Date of commencement Application, saving or transitional provisions CAO 95.8 Instrument 2011 29 March 2011 30 March 2011 —

New Zealand

Note:Certificate not license issued by ARO

Between 2012 and 2017, membership of the national hang gliding and paragliding body grew 150 percent (734 to 1120). International visitor membership grew more than 400 percent (52 to 222).

That national body – the New Zealand Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association (NZHGPA) – says the country is an increasingly popular place to visit for hang gliding and paragliding tourists. It says some of that is due to Northern Hemisphere pilots coming here in their off season. Publicity around the success of New Zealand flyers in international competition, and the beauty and challenge of flying in remote mountains are also drawcards.

Most pilots enjoy their flying within a short distance of the launch place – soaring coastal cliffs or familiar mountains, to enjoy the view and the freedom of the air.

Some explore further afield on long cross-country flights that can cover hundreds of kilometres. The current New Zealand distance record is more than 235 km.

A small number of experienced and adventurous pilots, who are appropriately trained and rated, embark on ‘hike and fly’ expeditions. Pilots tramp into the mountains carrying a lightweight paraglider – about 8-10 kg – to find a suitable place to launch. They need lifting air, allowing them to gain height and fly some distance to a safe landing.

They have to take into account many factors – from land access and airspace rules, to weather and terrain influences – to do these flights safely and legally. They should carry lightweight instruments with GPS tracking and satellite communications for safety and to provide a flight log.

Their landing place can be on top of another mountain, where the pilot will camp overnight and fly again the next day. Or it may be in a valley with the prospect of a big hike to find another launch site. In good weather, the top pilots have covered the whole length of the Southern Alps in this way, in just a few days.

By far the more popular of the two forms of gliding is paragliding and speedwing flying. There are four paragliding members to every one hang gliding pilot. It’s easier and quicker to learn, the paraglider is more compact to transport, and there are many more available launch sites.

Hang gliding, however, offers higher performance. It’s faster, and has a better glide ratio and a more direct connection between the pilot and the wing. To many people it’s ‘real’ flying.

You cannot fly on your own in New Zealand without a pilot certificate issued by the NZHGPA. It also certificates powered versions of ‘foot-launch’ aviation such as powered paragliders (or paramotors) and powered hang gliders.

If you want to fly for hire and reward, you must become certificated under Part 115 of the Civil Aviation Rules.

India

Note: no license.

As of year 2020 paragliding sport is not regulated by any government body in India hence no license is needed to fly in India. ... As of year 2020 paragliding sport is not regulated by any government body in India hence no license is needed to fly in India