AN INTRODUCTION TO PLAUTUS THROUGH SCENES Selected and Translated by Richard F. Hardin ‘Title page for Titus Maccius Plautus, Comoediae Superstites XX, 1652’ Lowijs Elzevier (publisher) Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1652 - The Rijksmuseum © Copyright 2021, Richard F. Hardin, All Rights Reserved. Please direct enquiries for commercial re-use to
[email protected] Published by Poetry in Translation (https://poetryintranslation.com) This work may be freely reproduced, stored and transmitted, electronically or otherwise, for any non-commercial purpose. Conditions and Exceptions apply: https://poetryintranslation.com/Admin/Copyright.php 1 Preface This collection celebrates a comic artist who left twenty plays written during the decades on either side of 200 B.C. He spun his work from Greek comedies, “New Comedies” bearing his own unique stamp.1 In Rome the forerunners of such plays, existing a generation before Plautus, were called fabulae palliatae, comedies in which actors wore the Greek pallium or cloak. These first situation comedies, Greek then Roman, were called New Comedies, in contrast with the more loosely plotted Old Comedies, surviving in the plays of Aristophanes. The jokes, characters, and plots that Plautus and his successor Terence left have continued to influence comedy from the Renaissance even to the present. Shakespeare’s Comedy of Errors, Taming of the Shrew, Merry Wives of Windsor, and The Tempest are partly based on Menaechmi, Amphitruo, Mostellaria, Casina, and Rudens; Molière’s L’Avare (The Miser), on Aulularia; Gelbart and Sondheim’s A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, on Pseudolus, Miles Gloriosus, Casina, and Mostellaria; David Williamson’s Flatfoot (2004) on Miles Gloriosus; the Capitano in Commedia dell’Arte, Shakespeare’s Falstaff, and Jonson’s Bobadill all inherit traits of Plautus’s braggart soldiers.