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Wooden Church Architecture of the Russian North: Regional Schools and Traditions (14Th–19Th Centuries)/Evgeny Khodakovsky

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Wooden Church Architecture of the Russian North: Regional Schools and Traditions (14Th–19Th Centuries)/Evgeny Khodakovsky Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 Wooden Church Architecture of the Russian North This book presents a broad panoramic overview of church architecture in the Russian North between the fourteenth and nineteenth centuries. While it is inevitably overshadowed by the imperial splendour of the country’s capital cities, this unique phenomenon is regarded as the most distinctive national expression of traditional Russian artistic culture and at the same time as a significant part of humanity’s worldwide architectural heritage. The chief intention of the book is to present the regionally specific features of the wooden churches of the Russian North, which vary from area to area for local natural or historical reasons. This approach touches upon the very important questions of the typology and classification of the multiplicity of architectural forms. The ‘regional view’ entails giving clear definitions of the ambiguous terms ‘architectural school’ and ‘tradition’, explaining the origins and shaping impulses for the different regional clusters of objects. Structurally the book presents a history of the development of wooden church architecture in the Russian North and then follows the key points of the mediaeval Russian expansion along the waterways from Novgorod into the North – the Svir’ River, Lake Onego, the town of Kargopol’ and the River Onega, the White Sea, the Rivers Northern Dvina, Pinega and Mezen’ – those areas that still retain the most splendid pieces of Russian regional wooden church architecture. The study is based on field research and provides an up-to-date, multi-faceted view of Russian wooden architecture. Evgeny Khodakovsky is Head of the Department of Russian Art History Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 at St Petersburg State University. He lectures on the history of the art and architecture of the Russian North, Russian mediaeval art, folk art, Norwegian wooden architecture and the history of restoration in Russia and Europe. Routledge Research in Architecture The Routledge Research in Architecture series provides the reader with the latest scholarship in the field of architecture. The series publishes research from across the globe and covers areas as diverse as architectural history and theory, technology, digital architecture, structures, materials, details, design, monographs of architects, interior design and much more. By making these studies available to the worldwide academic community, the series aims to promote quality architectural research. An Architecture of Parts Architects, Building Workers and Industrialisation in Britain 1940–1970 Christine Wall Towards an Articulated Phenomenological Interpretation of Architecture Phenomenal phenomenology M. Reza Shirazi Architectural System Structures Integrating Design Complexity in Industrialised Construction Kasper Sánchez Vibæk Space Unveiled Invisible Cultures in the Design Studio Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 Edited by Carla Jackson Bell Architectural Temperance Spain and Rome, 1700–1759 Victor Deupi Assembling the Centre: Architecture for Indigenous Cultures Australia and Beyond Janet McGaw and Anoma Pieris The Films of Charles and Ray Eames A Universal Sense of Expectation Eric Schuldenfrei Intersections of Space and Ethos Searching for the Unmeasurable Nikolaos-Ion Terzoglou, Kyriaki Tsoukala and Charikleia Pantelidou Ars et Ingenium: The Embodiment of Imagination in Francesco di Giorgio Martini’s Drawings Pari Riahi Kahn at Penn Transformative Teacher of Architecture James Williamson Designing the British Post-War Home Kenneth Wood, 1948–1968 Fiona Fisher Drawing the Unbuildable Seriality and Reproduction in Architecture Nerma Cridge The Idea of the Cottage in English Architecture, 1760–1860 Daniel Maudlin Cut and Paste Urban Landscape The Work of Gordon Cullen Mira Engler Wooden Church Architecture of the Russian North Regional schools and traditions (14th–19th centuries) Evgeny Khodakovsky Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 This page intentionally left blank Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 Wooden Church Architecture of the Russian North Regional schools and traditions (14th–19th centuries) Evgeny Khodakovsky Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 First published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2016 Evgeny Khodakovsky The right of Evgeny Khodakovsky to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Khodakovsky, Evgeny. Wooden church architecture of the Russian north: regional schools and traditions (14th–19th centuries)/Evgeny Khodakovsky. pages cm. – (Routledge research in architecture) Includes bibliographical references. 1. Wooden churches – Russia, Northern. 2. Regionalism in architecture – Russia, Northern. I. Title. NA5681.K48 2015 726.50947Ј1 – dc23 2015006862 ISBN: 978-1-138-85290-7 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-72318-1 (ebk) Typeset in Sabon by Florence Production Ltd, Stoodleigh, Devon, UK Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 To my wife Olga and my children – Vasilii, Nikolai and Evdokia – for the inspiration and the sense of life Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 This page intentionally left blank Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 Contents List of figures xi Preface xiii List of abbreviations xv Introduction1 1 Sources9 2 The discovery and study of Russian wooden architecture 27 3 The technology of wooden construction in Rus’ 41 4 Types of wooden church architecture 51 5 Regional schools and traditions in the wooden church architecture of the Russian North 85 6 The late period in Russian wooden architecture 135 Glossary 151 Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 Bibliography 157 Index of names 169 Index of places 173 This page intentionally left blank Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 Figures 0.1 Wooden church architecture of the Russian North: an overview map2 1.1 Icon of Saint Alexander of Oshevensk 12 1.2 Church at a cemetery in Ivangorod 13 1.3 Monastery of St Nicholas, outside Moscow 15 2.1 The Trinity Church in Nënoksa 29 2.2 Andrei Bode: Variants for the restoration of the 1688 Church of the Presentation in Zaostrov’e 38 3.1 The Dormition Church from the Monastery of St Alexander of the Kushta 42 3.2 Location of the grooves 44 3.3 Types of corner joint 46 3.4 Roof construction of the refectory of the Church of St John Chrysostom at Saunino 47 3.5 A nebo ceiling in the Intercession Church, Liadiny 48 4.1 The Church of Resurrection of Lazarus from the Muromskii Monastery 53 4.2 The Church of the Deposition of the Robe from the village of Borodava 55 4.3 The Church of St George in the village of Iuksovichi, Leningrad region 56 4.4 The Church of St Basil, Chukhcher’ma on the Northern Dvina 57 4.5 The Chapel of St Nicholas at Gomorovichi, Leningrad Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 region 58 4.6 The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin from the village of Perëdki, Novgorod region 60 4.7 The Ascension Church at Piiala on the River Onega 61 4.8 The Dormition Church at Varzuga on the southern coast of the Kola Peninsula 62 4.9 The Church of St Nicholas, Liavlia 64 4.10 The Church of the Presentation in the Temple, Krasnaia Liaga 65 xii Figures 4.11 The Church of St Nicholas, Soginitsy 66 4.12 The Dormition Church from the village of Kuritsko 67 4.13 The Church of St Nicholas in the Muezero Monastery 69 4.14 The Epiphany Church in Chëlmuzhi 70 4.15 The Church of St John Chrysostom, Saunino 71 4.16 The Refectory of the Intercession Church, Liadiny 71 4.17 The Dormition Cathedral in Kem’ 72 4.18 The Church of St Michael the Archangel, Iuroma 75 4.19 The Church of Sts Peter and Paul, Virma 77 4.20 The Resurrection Cathedral in Kola 79 5.1 The Church of the Nativity of the Virgin in Gimreka 92 5.2 The Church of St Nicholas, Soginitsy 93 5.3 The Dormition Church in Kondopoga 94 5.4 The Intercession Church from Vytegra, Ankhimovo 97 5.5 The Transfiguration Church in the Kizhi pogost 98 5.6 The Transfiguration and Intercession Churches with the bell-tower 100 5.7 The Church of St Demetrius, Shcheleiki 101 5.8 The Churches of the Epiphany and of the Intercession and St Blaise in Liadiny 104 5.9 The Annunciation Church in Pustyn’ka 105 5.10 Eighteenth-century River Onega kub-roofed churches 106 5.11 The Church of St Nicholas, Purnema 113 5.12 The Ascension Church from the village of Kushereka 118 5.13 The Church of the Prophet Elijah in the Vyiskii pogost 122 5.14 The Church of the Presentation in the Temple, Zaostrov’e 126 5.15 Churches of the Upper Dvina school 128 5.16 The Church of the Hodegetria, Kimzha 130 6.1 The Churches of St Nicholas and the Nativity in Purnema 143 6.2 The Transfiguration Church, Nimen’ga 145 6.3 The Church of St Nicholas, Kelchemgora (Zaozer’e) on the River Mezen’ 150 Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:06 16 August 2016 Preface This book is the product of many years’ study of the wooden church architecture of the Russian North that began back in 1998.
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