Diptera, Nematocera) from the Mediterranean Region*)

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Of Greece, Its Islands

CHANDLERet al.: 255-314 - Studia dipterologica 12 (2005) Heft 2 ISSN 0945-3954 The Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae , Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) of Greece, its islands and Cyprus [Die Pilzmiicken (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae und Mycetophilidae) Griechenlands und seiner Inseln sowie Zypern4 1 by Peter J. CHANDLER, Dimitar N. BECHEV and Norbert CASPERS Mclksham (UK) Plovdiv (Bulgaria) Bechen (Gernlany) - - -. - ~ Abstract The spccics of fungu\ gnats (Bolitophilidae, Diadoc~dildae,Ditomyiidac. Keroplat~d:~eand Mycetophilidae) o~urringin Greece and Cyprus are reviewed. Altogether 201 species :Ire recorded, 189 for Greece and 69 for Cyprus. Of these 126 specie5 arc newly recorded fol. Greece and 36 arc newly recorded for Cyprus. The following new taxa arc described from Greece: Macrorrhyrtcha ibis spec. nov., M. pelargos spec. nov., M. laconica spec. nov., Macrocera critica spec. nov., Docosia cephaloniae spec. nov., D. enos spec. nov., D. pa- siphae spec. nov., Megophthalmidia illyrica spec. nov.. M. ionica spec. nov., M. pytho spec. nov., Mycomya thrakis spec. nov., Allocolocera scheria spec. nov., Sciophila pandora spec. nov., Ryrnosia labyrinthos spec. nov.; M. ill\,ric,cr is also recorded troln Croc~lia.The follow- ing ncw taa are described from Cyprus: Macrocera cypriaca spec. nov., Megophthalmidia alrzicola spec. nov., M. cedricola spec. nov. The following neu synonymies are propod: M!,c,c~r~iwrenuis I WXLKER,1856) = M. interniissa PL.ASSMA~N,l984 syn. nov., Plrror~rtr~1.illi.s- torri DLIFI>ZICKI,1889 = P rnciscr CASFERS,1991 syn. nov. A key is provided for thc western Palaearctic specie5 of M(ic-i.orrh~~~ic-IrciWI~~ERTZ.
Volume 2, Chapter 12-19: Terrestrial Insects: Holometabola-Diptera

Glime, J. M. 2017. Terrestrial Insects: Holometabola – Diptera Nematocera 2. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. 12-19-1 Interactions. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. eBook last updated 19 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 12-19 TERRESTRIAL INSECTS: HOLOMETABOLA – DIPTERA NEMATOCERA 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Cecidomyiidae – Gall Midges ........................................................................................................................ 12-19-2 Mycetophilidae – Fungus Gnats ..................................................................................................................... 12-19-3 Sciaridae – Dark-winged Fungus Gnats ......................................................................................................... 12-19-4 Ceratopogonidae – Biting Midges .................................................................................................................. 12-19-6 Chironomidae – Midges ................................................................................................................................. 12-19-9 Belgica .................................................................................................................................................. 12-19-14 Culicidae – Mosquitoes ................................................................................................................................ 12-19-15 Simuliidae – Blackflies
Diptera: Nematocera) of the Piedmont of the Yungas Forests of TucumaŃ: Ecology and Distribution

Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) of the piedmont of the Yungas forests of Tucumań: ecology and distribution Jose´ Manuel Direni Mancini1,2, Cecilia Adriana Veggiani-Aybar1, Ana Denise Fuenzalida1,3, Mercedes Sara Lizarralde de Grosso1 and Marıá Gabriela Quintana1,2,3 1 Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumań, Instituto Superior de Entomologıá “Dr. Abraham Willink”, San Miguel de Tucumań, Tucumań, Argentina 2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas y Tećnicas, San Miguel de Tucumań, Tucumań, Argentina 3 Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazu´ , Misiones, Argentina ABSTRACT Within the Ceratopogonidae family, many genera transmit numerous diseases to humans and animals, while others are important pollinators of tropical crops. In the Yungas ecoregion of Argentina, previous systematic and ecological research on Ceratopogonidae focused on Culicoides, since they are the main transmitters of mansonelliasis in northwestern Argentina; however, few studies included the genera Forcipomyia, Dasyhelea, Atrichopogon, Alluaudomyia, Echinohelea, and Bezzia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the presence and abundance of Ceratopogonidae in this region, their association with meteorological variables, and their variation in areas disturbed by human activity. Monthly collection of specimens was performed from July 2008 to July 2009 using CDC miniature light traps deployed for two consecutive days. A total of 360 specimens were collected, being the most abundant Dasyhelea genus (48.06%) followed by Forcipomyia (26.94%) and Atrichopogon (13.61%). Bivariate analyses showed significant differences in the abundance of the genera at different sampling sites and climatic Submitted 15 July 2016 Accepted 4 October 2016 conditions, with the summer season and El Corralito site showing the greatest Published 17 November 2016 abundance of specimens.
Insect Order ID: Diptera (Flies, Gnats, Midges, Mosquitoes, Maggots)

Return to insect order home Page 1 of 3 Visit us on the Web: www.gardeninghelp.org Insect Order ID: Diptera (Flies, Gnats, Midges, Mosquitoes, Maggots) Life Cycle–Complete metamorphosis: Adults lay eggs. Eggs hatch into larvae (maggots, wigglers, etc.). Larvae eat, grow and molt. This stage is repeated a varying number of times, depending on species, until hormonal changes cause larvae to pupate. Inside the pupal case the pupae change in form and in color and develop wings. The emerging adults look completely different from the larvae. Adults–All (except a few wingless species) have only one pair of membranous wings, thus the name Diptera meaning "two wings". The forewings are fully developed and functional, while the hindwings are reduced to knobbed clubs called halteres, which are difficult to see without magnification except for larger specimens (e.g., crane flies). They are the best fliers in the insect world and possibly beyond: they can hover, fly backwards and upside-down and turn on the spot. Their eyes are usually large and multi-faceted, with males usually having larger eyes than females. Although many mimic bees and wasps, none have stingers. The order Diptera comprises two main suborders: long-horned (Nematocera) and short-horned Brachycera). Nematocera have long legs, long antennae and look fragile (e.g., mosquitoes, gnats, and midges, etc.) while Brachycera have stout bodies and short, stout antennae (e.g., horse flies, house flies, robber flies, hover flies, etc.). (Click images to enlarge or orange text for more information.) One pair of wings One pair of halteres Large, multifaceted eyes Robust-looking Short, stubby antennae Fragile-looking Many species are tiny Brachycera (Brachycera) Nematocera (Nematocera) Return to insect order home Page 2 of 3 Eggs–Adults lay eggs, usually where larval food is plentiful.
Key to the Adults of the Most Common Forensic Species of Diptera in South America

390 Key to the adults of the most common forensic species ofCarvalho Diptera & Mello-Patiu in South America Claudio José Barros de Carvalho1 & Cátia Antunes de Mello-Patiu2 1Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, C.P. 19020, Curitiba-PR, 81.531–980, Brazil. [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 20940–040, Brazil. [email protected] ABSTRACT. Key to the adults of the most common forensic species of Diptera in South America. Flies (Diptera, blow flies, house flies, flesh flies, horse flies, cattle flies, deer flies, midges and mosquitoes) are among the four megadiverse insect orders. Several species quickly colonize human cadavers and are potentially useful in forensic studies. One of the major problems with carrion fly identification is the lack of taxonomists or available keys that can identify even the most common species sometimes resulting in erroneous identification. Here we present a key to the adults of 12 families of Diptera whose species are found on carrion, including human corpses. Also, a summary for the most common families of forensic importance in South America, along with a key to the most common species of Calliphoridae, Muscidae, and Fanniidae and to the genera of Sarcophagidae are provided. Drawings of the most important characters for identification are also included. KEYWORDS. Carrion flies; forensic entomology; neotropical. RESUMO. Chave de identificação para as espécies comuns de Diptera da América do Sul de interesse forense. Diptera (califorídeos, sarcofagídeos, motucas, moscas comuns e mosquitos) é a uma das quatro ordens megadiversas de insetos. Diversas espécies desta ordem podem rapidamente colonizar cadáveres humanos e são de utilidade potencial para estudos de entomologia forense.
Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) of the Piedmont of the Yungas Forests of TucumaŃ: Ecology and Distribution

View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Crossref Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) of the piedmont of the Yungas forests of Tucumań: ecology and distribution Jose´ Manuel Direni Mancini1,2, Cecilia Adriana Veggiani-Aybar1, Ana Denise Fuenzalida1,3, Mercedes Sara Lizarralde de Grosso1 and Marıá Gabriela Quintana1,2,3 1 Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumań, Instituto Superior de Entomologıá “Dr. Abraham Willink”, San Miguel de Tucumań, Tucumań, Argentina 2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas y Tećnicas, San Miguel de Tucumań, Tucumań, Argentina 3 Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Puerto Iguazu´ , Misiones, Argentina ABSTRACT Within the Ceratopogonidae family, many genera transmit numerous diseases to humans and animals, while others are important pollinators of tropical crops. In the Yungas ecoregion of Argentina, previous systematic and ecological research on Ceratopogonidae focused on Culicoides, since they are the main transmitters of mansonelliasis in northwestern Argentina; however, few studies included the genera Forcipomyia, Dasyhelea, Atrichopogon, Alluaudomyia, Echinohelea, and Bezzia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the presence and abundance of Ceratopogonidae in this region, their association with meteorological variables, and their variation in areas disturbed by human activity. Monthly collection of specimens was performed from July 2008 to July 2009 using CDC miniature light traps deployed for two consecutive days. A total of 360 specimens were collected, being the most abundant Dasyhelea genus (48.06%) followed by Forcipomyia (26.94%) and Atrichopogon (13.61%). Bivariate analyses showed significant differences in the abundance of the genera at different sampling sites and climatic Submitted 15 July 2016 Accepted 4 October 2016 conditions, with the summer season and El Corralito site showing the greatest Published 17 November 2016 abundance of specimens.
Microarchitecture of the Tsetse Fly Proboscis Wendy Gibson1*, Lori Peacock1,2 and Rachel Hutchinson1

Gibson et al. Parasites & Vectors (2017) 10:430 DOI 10.1186/s13071-017-2367-2 RESEARCH Open Access Microarchitecture of the tsetse fly proboscis Wendy Gibson1*, Lori Peacock1,2 and Rachel Hutchinson1 Abstract Background: Tsetse flies (genus Glossina) are large blood-sucking dipteran flies that are important as vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. Tsetse anatomy has been well described, including detailed accounts of the functional anatomy of the proboscis for piercing host skin and sucking up blood. The proboscis also serves as the developmental site for the infective metacyclic stages of several species of pathogenic livestock trypanosomes that are inoculated into the host with fly saliva. To understand the physical environment in which these trypanosomes develop, we have re-examined the microarchitecture of the tsetse proboscis. Results: We examined proboscises from male and female flies of Glossina pallidipes using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Each proboscis was removed from the fly head and either examined intact or dissected into the three constituent components: Labrum, labium and hypopharynx. Our light and SEM images reaffirm earlier observations that the tsetse proboscis is a formidably armed weapon, well-adapted for piercing skin, and provide comparative data for G. pallidipes. In addition, the images reveal that the hypopharynx, the narrow tube that delivers saliva to the wound site, ends in a remarkably ornate and complex structure with around ten finger-like projections, each adorned with sucker-like protrusions, contradicting previous descriptions that show a simple, bevelled end like a hypodermic needle. The function of the finger-like projections is speculative; they appear to be flexible and may serve to protect the hypopharynx from influx of blood or microorganisms, or control the flow of saliva.
Biomonitoring of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) Using Car Nets

© Entomologica Fennica. 17 June 2005 Biomonitoring of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) using car nets Andrea Téthova, Jan Knoz, Miroslav Bartak and Stépan Kubik J M. & 2005: of Cerato- Tothova, A., Knoz, ., Bartak, Kubik, S. Biomonitoring pogonidae (Diptera: Nematocera) using car nets. — Entomol. Fennica 16: 124— 128. Car nets were used to collect two samples on a forest road in Podyji National park, the Braitava forest, Czech Republic. Sampling was done in 2002 between May 31 and June 1, and between July 30 and 31. These consisted of 10 rounds (each 10 km in length) from morning to dusk. Over 3,000 specimens (52 species) of Ceratopogonidae were captured. The results suggest that the car-net method may be efficient in ceratopogonid biomonitoring and e. g. determining their daily flight activity and swarming sites. A. Tothova, Masaryk University, Faculty ofScience, Department ofZoology and Ecology, Kotlafska 2, 611 3 7 Brno, Czech Republic; E—mail.‘ tothova@sci. muni.cz J. Knoz, Masaryk University, Faculty ofScience, Department of Comparative Physiology ofAnimals and General Zoology, Kotlafska 2, 611 3 7 Brno, Czech Republic M. Bartak & S. Kubik, Czech University ofAgriculture, Faculty ofAgronomy, Department ofZoology andFishery, I 65 21 Praha 6 —Suchdol, Czech Republic; E—mail.‘ [email protected], [email protected]. cz Received 24 May 2004, accepted 19 October 2004 1. Introduction tids. The method has since then faced some fur- ther improvements. Some researchers have sug- The car-net method, viz. catching flying insects gested that car nets mounted low (above the using a large net attached to the roofof a car, was ground) and into the front ofvehicles can be more probably first described by Lohse (Freude et al.
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections Volume 117, Number 3

SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 117, NUMBER 3 RELATIONSHIPS OF CERTAIN GENERA OF FUNGUS GNATS OF THE FAMILY MYCETOPHILIDAE BY F. R. SHAW AND M. M. SHAW Amherst, Mass. (Publication 4053) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DECEMBER 27, 1951 Z^t £or5 (g»af(tmore (pv&ee BALTIMOEB, MD., 0. B. A. RELATIONSHIPS OF CERTAIN GENERA OF FUNGUS GNATS OF THE FAMILY MYCETOPHILIDAE By F. R. SHAW and M. M. SHAW i Amherst, Mass. The present study represents a continuation of a preliminary in- vestigation of the possible value of thoracic sclerites in determining the relationships of certain insects. Dr. G. C. Crampton was the first to demonstrate the use of these sclerites as a means of determin- ing the systematic position of insects. In 1925, he published a clas- sical study of the comparative morphology of the thorax of nontipu- loid Nematocera. In 1948 Shaw presented a paper in which he indi- cated the value of thoracic sclerites as an aid in determining the phy- logeny of the Mycetophilidae. Although the number of genera he studied was admittedly small, principles were developed that have been of value in distinguishing the phylogenetic relationships of cer- tain genera. Edwards (1925) was the first to indicate that the structure of thoracic sclerites might be of value in determining generic characters in this group. In his monograph of the British fungus gnats he noted that in certain genera the sclerites differed in form and that such dif- ferences might be of value in separating groups of these insects. 1 We wish to express our thanks to the Society of Sigma Xi for a grant-in- aid that made possible the preparation of the illustrations for this paper.
Fungus Gnats (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from Finnmark, Northern Norway

© Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 5 December 2012 Fungus gnats (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from Finnmark, northern Norway GEIR SØLI & EIRIK RINDAL Søli, G. & Rindal, E. 2012. Fungus gnats (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from Finnmark, northern Norway. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 59,158–181. In this paper 277 species belonging to the family Mycetophilidae are reported from Finnmark. The majority of records are based on extensive fieldwork in 2010. Fifteen species have not previously been recorded from Norway, viz. Boletina fennoscandica Polevoi & Hedmark, 2004, B. kivachiana Polevoi & Hedmark, 2004, B. pinusia Maximova, 2001, B. pseudonitida Zaitzev, 1994, B. subtriangularis Polevoi & Hedmark, 2004, Docosia moravica Landrock, 1916, Allodia (Brachycampta) adunca Zaitzev, 1992, Brevicornu auriculatum (Edwards, 1925), B. setigerum Zaitzev in Zaitzev & Polevoi, 1995, B. setulosum Zaitzev, 1988, Exechia similis Laštovka & Matile, 1974, Rymosia britteni Edwards, 1925, Mycetophila boreocruciator Sevčík, 2003, M. quadra Lundström,1909, and Phronia distincta Hackman, 1970. The species composition is briefly commented on, and the species distribution is compared to that reported from Sweden. Based on the present records, 17 species appear to have a more northern, boreal distribution than indicated by the Swedish records. 39 species could not be identified with certainty, of which the majority are likely to represent undescribed species. Most of the unidentified species belong to species rich genera like Sciophila Meigen 1818, Mycetophila Meigen, 1803, Phronia Winnertz, 1863 and Trichonta Winnertz, 1863. Specimens representing these species were among the 500 specimens sent to BOLD for DNA-barcoding, and the preliminary results confirm their isolated position. Key words: Mycetophilidae, distribution, Finnmark, Norway. Geir Søli, Museum of Natural History, University of Oslo, P.O.
Fossil Sciaroidea (Diptera) in Cretaceous Ambers, Exclusive of Cecidomyiidae, Sciaridae, and Keroplatidae

PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3433, 76 pp., 81 ®gures, 7 plates, 7 tables February 27, 2004 Fossil Sciaroidea (Diptera) in Cretaceous Ambers, Exclusive of Cecidomyiidae, Sciaridae, and Keroplatidae VLADIMIR BLAGODEROV1 AND DAVID GRIMALDI2 CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................... 3 Materials and Methods ........................................................ 4 Systematic Paleontology ......................................................... 6 Superfamily Sciaroidea Billberg, 1820 .......................................... 6 Family Diadocidiidae Edwards, 1925 .......................................... 6 Docidiadia, new genus ..................................................... 6 Sciaroidea incertae sedis ...................................................... 9 Thereotricha, new genus .................................................... 9 Family Lygistorrhinidae Edwards, 1925 ....................................... 12 Archaeognoriste, new genus ............................................... 12 Lebanognoriste, new genus ................................................ 14 Plesiognoriste, new genus ................................................. 14 Protognoriste, new genus ................................................. 17 Leptognoriste, new genus ................................................. 20 Family Mycetophilidae Newman,
9Th International Congress of Dipterology

9th International Congress of Dipterology Abstracts Volume 25–30 November 2018 Windhoek Namibia Organising Committee: Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs (Chair) Burgert Muller Mary Kirk-Spriggs Gillian Maggs-Kölling Kenneth Uiseb Seth Eiseb Michael Osae Sunday Ekesi Candice-Lee Lyons Edited by: Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs Burgert Muller 9th International Congress of Dipterology 25–30 November 2018 Windhoek, Namibia Abstract Volume Edited by: Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs & Burgert S. Muller Namibian Ministry of Environment and Tourism Organising Committee Ashley H. Kirk-Spriggs (Chair) Burgert Muller Mary Kirk-Spriggs Gillian Maggs-Kölling Kenneth Uiseb Seth Eiseb Michael Osae Sunday Ekesi Candice-Lee Lyons Published by the International Congresses of Dipterology, © 2018. Printed by John Meinert Printers, Windhoek, Namibia. ISBN: 978-1-86847-181-2 Suggested citation: Adams, Z.J. & Pont, A.C. 2018. In celebration of Roger Ward Crosskey (1930–2017) – a life well spent. In: Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Muller, B.S., eds, Abstracts volume. 9th International Congress of Dipterology, 25–30 November 2018, Windhoek, Namibia. International Congresses of Dipterology, Windhoek, p. 2. [Abstract]. Front cover image: Tray of micro-pinned flies from the Democratic Republic of Congo (photograph © K. Panne coucke). Cover design: Craig Barlow (previously National Museum, Bloemfontein). Disclaimer: Following recommendations of the various nomenclatorial codes, this volume is not issued for the purposes of the public and scientific record, or for the purposes of taxonomic nomenclature, and as such, is not published in the meaning of the various codes. Thus, any nomenclatural act contained herein (e.g., new combinations, new names, etc.), does not enter biological nomenclature or pre-empt publication in another work.