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Diptera, Nematocera) from the Mediterranean Region*)
©Zoologische Staatssammlung München;download: http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.biologiezentrum.at SPIXIANA 14 321-338 München, 3 1 . Oktober 1 991 ISSN0341-8391 New and remarkable species of Mycetophiloidea (Diptera, Nematocera) from the Mediterranean region*) By Norbert Caspers Caspers, N. (1991): New and remarkable species of Mycetophiloidea (Diptera, Nematocera) from the Mediterranean region. - Spixiana 14/3: 321-338. Descriptions of adult males of six neu species of the superfamily Mycetophiloidea (Diptera, Nematocera) from the Mediterranean region are presented: Orfelia persimi- lis, spec. nov. (family Keroplatidae) from Sardinia (Italy); Ectrepesthoneura chand- leri, spec. nov. from Crete (Greece), Leia umbrosa, spec. nov. from Corsica (France), Anatella longiflagellata, spec. nov. and Phronia incisa spec. nov. from Turkey, Sceptonia curvisetosa, spec. nov. from Greece, last five belonging to the family Mycetophilidae sensu Malloch (1917). In addition, new findings of two remarkable and hitherto rarely found species of Mycetophiloidea (Sciopbila kasbmirensis Zaitzev, Phronia tyrrhenica Edwards) are presented. Prof. Dr. Norbert Caspers, St.-Maternus-Eck 14 a, W-5067 Bechen, Germanv Introduction Since the early seventies Dr. H. Malicky (Biological Station Lunz, Austria) has been performing many entomological field trips to Southern Europe, with the aim to clear up the systematics and the biogeographic distribution of the caddis flies (Trichoptera) of that previously rather neglected faunal region. Besides Trichoptera he also collected a comprehensive material of many other aquatic insect groups, which meanwhile has been worked upon and has been published bv different authors. Among the "non-target-groups" of this study the portion of the fungus gnats (Mycetophiloidea) was relatively low as compared to all aquatic insect groups. -
Zootaxa, Diptera, Sciaroidea, Lygistorrhinidae
Zootaxa 960: 1–34 (2005) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 960 Copyright © 2005 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) New taxa of the Lygistorrhinidae (Diptera: Sciaroidea) and their implications for a phylogenetic analysis of the family HEIKKI HIPPA, INGEGERD MATTSSON & PEKKA VILKAMAA Heikki Hippa & Ingegerd Mattsson, Swedish Museum of Natural History, PO Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stock- holm, Sweden. E-mail: [email protected] Pekka Vilkamaa, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoological Museum, PO Box 17, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. E-mail: [email protected] Table of Contents Abstract . 1 Introduction . 2 Material and methods . 2 Characters of the Lygistorrhinidae . 3 Characters used in the phylogenetic analysis . 6 Phylogeny of the Lygistorrhinidae . 10 Key to genera of Lygistorrhinidae . 11 New taxa of Lygistorrhinidae . 12 Labellorrhina gen. n. 12 Labellorrhina quantula sp. n. 13 Labellorrhina grimaldii sp. n. 14 Blagorrhina gen. n. 14 Blagorrhina blagoderovi sp. n. 16 Blagorrhina brevicornis sp. n. 17 Gracilorrhina gen. n. 17 Gracilorrhina gracilis sp. n. 19 Lygistorrhinidae sp. 1 (female) . 19 Lygistorrhinidae sp. 2 (female) . 20 Acknowledgements . 20 References . 21 Abstract New Oriental taxa of the Lygistorrhinidae - Blagorrhina gen. n., with B. blagoderovi sp. n. and B. brevicornis sp. n.; Gracilorrhina gracilis gen. n., sp. n.; and Labellorrhina gen. n., with L. grimaldii sp. n. and L. quantula sp. n. - are described, and two undescribed species, known only from females, are characterized. Based on this new material, the family is redefined. The phylogenetic Accepted by P. Adler: 13 Apr. 2005; published: 26 Apr. 2005 1 ZOOTAXA relationships among the taxa of Lygistorrhinidae were studied by parsimony analysis using 43 mor- 960 phological characters from the adults of 25 ingroup and one outgroup species. -
Of Greece, Its Islands
CHANDLERet al.: 255-314 - Studia dipterologica 12 (2005) Heft 2 ISSN 0945-3954 The Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae , Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) of Greece, its islands and Cyprus [Die Pilzmiicken (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae und Mycetophilidae) Griechenlands und seiner Inseln sowie Zypern4 1 by Peter J. CHANDLER, Dimitar N. BECHEV and Norbert CASPERS Mclksham (UK) Plovdiv (Bulgaria) Bechen (Gernlany) - - -. - ~ Abstract The spccics of fungu\ gnats (Bolitophilidae, Diadoc~dildae,Ditomyiidac. Keroplat~d:~eand Mycetophilidae) o~urringin Greece and Cyprus are reviewed. Altogether 201 species :Ire recorded, 189 for Greece and 69 for Cyprus. Of these 126 specie5 arc newly recorded fol. Greece and 36 arc newly recorded for Cyprus. The following new taxa arc described from Greece: Macrorrhyrtcha ibis spec. nov., M. pelargos spec. nov., M. laconica spec. nov., Macrocera critica spec. nov., Docosia cephaloniae spec. nov., D. enos spec. nov., D. pa- siphae spec. nov., Megophthalmidia illyrica spec. nov.. M. ionica spec. nov., M. pytho spec. nov., Mycomya thrakis spec. nov., Allocolocera scheria spec. nov., Sciophila pandora spec. nov., Ryrnosia labyrinthos spec. nov.; M. ill\,ric,cr is also recorded troln Croc~lia.The follow- ing ncw taa are described from Cyprus: Macrocera cypriaca spec. nov., Megophthalmidia alrzicola spec. nov., M. cedricola spec. nov. The following neu synonymies are propod: M!,c,c~r~iwrenuis I WXLKER,1856) = M. interniissa PL.ASSMA~N,l984 syn. nov., Plrror~rtr~1.illi.s- torri DLIFI>ZICKI,1889 = P rnciscr CASFERS,1991 syn. nov. A key is provided for thc western Palaearctic specie5 of M(ic-i.orrh~~~ic-IrciWI~~ERTZ. -
Stable Structural Color Patterns Displayed on Transparent Insect Wings
Stable structural color patterns displayed on transparent insect wings Ekaterina Shevtsovaa,1, Christer Hanssona,b,1, Daniel H. Janzenc,1, and Jostein Kjærandsend,1 aDepartment of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden; bScientific Associate of the Entomology Department, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom; cDepartment of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6018; and dDepartment of Biology, Museum of Zoology, Lund University, Helgonavägen 3, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden Contributed by Daniel H. Janzen, November 24, 2010 (sent for review October 5, 2010) Color patterns play central roles in the behavior of insects, and are and F). In laboratory conditions most wings are studied against a important traits for taxonomic studies. Here we report striking and white background (Fig. 1 G, H, and J), or the wings are embedded stable structural color patterns—wing interference patterns (WIPs) in a medium with a refractive index close to that of chitin (e.g., —in the transparent wings of small Hymenoptera and Diptera, ref. 19). In both cases the color reflections will be faint or in- patterns that have been largely overlooked by biologists. These ex- visible. tremely thin wings reflect vivid color patterns caused by thin film Insects are an exceedingly diverse and ancient group and interference. The visibility of these patterns is affected by the way their signal-receiver architecture of thin membranous wings the insects display their wings against various backgrounds with and color vision was apparently in place before their huge radia- different light properties. The specific color sequence displayed tion (20–22). The evolution of functional wings (Pterygota) that lacks pure red and matches the color vision of most insects, strongly can be freely operated in multidirections (Neoptera), coupled suggesting that the biological significance of WIPs lies in visual with small body size, has long been viewed as associated with their signaling. -
Notes on the Genus Lygistorrhina Skuse with the Description of the First Nearctic Species (Diptera: Mycetophiloidea)
NOTES ON THE GENUS LYGISTORRHINA SKUSE WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST NEARCTIC SPECIES (DIPTERA: MYCETOPHILOIDEA) F. CHRISTIAN THOMPSON Reprinted from PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Vol. 77, No. 4, December 1975 pp. 434-445 Made in United States of America NOTES ON THE GENUS LYGISTORRHINA SKUSE WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST NEARCTIC SPECIES (DIPTERA: MYCETOPHILOIDEA) F. CHRISTIAN THOMPSON1 The American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York 10024 ABSTRACT—A new species of Lygistorrhina Skuse (Diptera: Mycetophiloidea), sanctaecatharinae, is described from southeastern United States. The genus is redescribed; its placement within the Mycetophiloidea is discussed; and it is considered to represent a separate family. Fungus gnats of the genus Lygistorrhina Skuse are extremely rare in insect collections and are known from only a few localities (map 1). Lygistorrhine gnats differ rather strikingly from other fungus gnats because of their greatly elongate mouthparts and reduced wing vena- tion. The apparent scarcity of these flies coupled with their peculiar structure has led to much uncertainty and controversy about their classification. Recently I was able to collect for the first time a large number of specimens of Lygistorrhina from southeastern Georgia and have taken this opportunity not only to describe a new species of Lygistorrhina but to attempt to elucidate some of the points of un- certainty about lygistorrhine fungus gnats. Lygistorrhine fungus gnats have previously been considered to be- long to a single genus, Lygistorrhina Skuse. Lygistorrhina has usually been recognized as representing a separate entity in the higher classi- fication of fungus gnats, either a subfamily or a family.2 Only Tuomi- koski (1966) has combined lygistorrhine fungus gnats with another group and his work is discussed below. -
Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Geometrinae) SHILAP Revista De Lepidopterología, Vol
SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Viidalepp, J.; Lindt, A. A new Rhanidopsis West, 1930 from the Malay Peninsula (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Geometrinae) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 38, núm. 149, marzo, 2010, pp. 97-106 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45514996008 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 97-106 A new Rhanidopsis West, 7/3/10 16:45 Página 97 SHILAP Revta. lepid., 38 (149), marzo 2010: 97-106 CODEN: SRLPEF ISSN:0300-5267 A new Rhanidopsis West, 1930 from the Malay Peninsula (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Geometrinae) J. Viidalepp & A. Lindt Abstract A new moth species from the oriental geometrid genus Rhanidopsis West, 1930 is described: R. kogeri Viidalepp & Lindt, sp. n., from Cameron Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia is added to the distribution area of the genus, formerly known from the Philippines and Borneo. Phenotypical similarity of the genus with Afrotropical Dargeia Herbulot, 1977 and Neotropical Pyrochlora Warren, 1895 is discussed. Some plesiomorphic characters of Neotropical and Indoaustralian genera of Nemoriini are compared. KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae, Pyrochlora, Dargeia, Rhanidopsis kogeri, new species, Malay Peninsula. Un nuevo Rhanidopsis West, 1930 de Malasia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Geometrinae) Resumen Se describe una nueva especie del género geométrido oriental Rhanidopsis West, 1930: R. kogeri Viidalepp & Lindt, sp. -
Of the Vitosha Mountain
Historia naturalis bulgarica 26: 1–66 ISSN 0205-3640 (print) | ISSN 2603-3186 (online) • http://www.nmnhs.com/historia-naturalis-bulgarica/ publication date [online]: 17 May 2018 The Dipterans (Insecta: Diptera) of the Vitosha Mountain Zdravko Hubenov Abstract. A total of 1272 two-winged species that belong to 58 families has been reported from theVitosha Mt. The Tachinidae (208 species or 16.3%) and Cecidomyiidae (138 species or 10.8%) are the most numerous. The greatest number of species has been found in the mesophylic and xeromesophylic mixed forests belt (707 species or 55.6%) and in the northern part of the mountain (645 species or 50.7%). The established species belong to 83 areographical categories. The dipterous fauna can be divided into two main groups: 1) species with Mediterranean type of distribution (53 species or 4.2%) – more thermophilic and distributed mainly in the southern parts of the Palaearctic; seven species of southern type, distributed in the Palaearctic and beyond it, can be formally related to this group as well; 2) species with Palaearctic and Eurosiberian type of distribution (1219 species or 95.8%) – more cold-resistant and widely distributed in the Palaearctic; 247 species of northern type, distributed in the Palaearctic and beyond it, can be formally related to this group as well. The endemic species are 15 (1.2%). The distribution of the species according to the zoogeographical categories in the vegetation belts and the distribution of the zoogeographical categories in each belt are considered. The dipteran fauna of the Vitosha Mt. is compared to this of the Rila and Pirin Mountains. -
Sciarid Pests (Diptera: Sciaridae) from Undercover Crop Production in South Africa
Sciarid pests (Diptera: Sciaridae) from undercover AUTHORS: crop production in South Africa Agil Katumanyane1 Aquillah M. Kanzi2 Antoinette P. Malan1 Fungus gnats (sciarids) are among the most important pests in undercover crop production. They cause direct physical damage to plant roots, transfer fungal pathogens and create entry points for soil-borne plant AFFILIATIONS: 1Department of Conservation Ecology pathogens. In 2007, Bradysia impatiens, an important fungus gnat pest was found in association with major and Entomology, Stellenbosch tree nursery beds in the Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa and was considered University, Stellenbosch, South Africa 2Department of Biochemistry, invasive. In this study, eight greenhouses were surveyed in the Western Cape Province and B. impatiens was Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry found to be present in all the greenhouses. Similar to the results of the previous studies, a high haplotype and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, diversity was identified for B. impatiens, which may indicate multiple strain introductions into South Africa. Pretoria, South Africa Two other fungus gnat species, Lycoriella sativae and Lycoriella ingenua – globally important sciarid pests of mushroom cultures – were identified as new from South Africa. Through a laboratory culture, the life cycle of CORRESPONDENCE TO: B. impatiens was observed to be approximately 21 days at 25 °C. Females laid between 100 and 250 eggs. Agil Katumanyane Possible introduction sources include contaminated vegetative material and growth media, thus there maybe EMAIL: need to revise the importation restrictions on these commodities. The identification of two novel species of [email protected] sciarid pests that have only previously been identified in the Holarctic region could further emphasise this need. -
Analysis of the Role of Bradysia Impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae) As a Vector Transmitting Peanut Stunt Virus on the Model Plant Nicotiana Benthamiana
cells Article Analysis of the Role of Bradysia impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae) as a Vector Transmitting Peanut Stunt Virus on the Model Plant Nicotiana benthamiana Marta Budziszewska, Patryk Fr ˛ackowiak and Aleksandra Obr˛epalska-St˛eplowska* Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Władysława W˛egorka20, 60-318 Pozna´n,Poland; [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (P.F.) * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Abstract: Bradysia species, commonly known as fungus gnats, are ubiquitous in greenhouses, nurs- eries of horticultural plants, and commercial mushroom houses, causing significant economic losses. Moreover, the insects from the Bradysia genus have a well-documented role in plant pathogenic fungi transmission. Here, a study on the potential of Bradysia impatiens to acquire and transmit the peanut stunt virus (PSV) from plant to plant was undertaken. Four-day-old larvae of B. impatiens were exposed to PSV-P strain by feeding on virus-infected leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana and then transferred to healthy plants in laboratory conditions. Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), and digital droplet PCR (RT-ddPCR), the PSV RNAs in the larva, pupa, and imago of B. impatiens were detected and quantified. The presence of PSV Citation: Budziszewska, M.; genomic RNA strands as well as viral coat protein in N. benthamiana, on which the viruliferous larvae Fr ˛ackowiak,P.; were feeding, was also confirmed at the molecular level, even though the characteristic symptoms of Obr˛epalska-St˛eplowska,A. -
Supplementary Information for Evolution of Gene-Rich Germline Restricted
1 Supplementary Information for Evolution of gene-rich germline restricted 2 chromosomes in black-winged fungus gnats through introgression (Diptera: 3 Sciaridae) 4 Christina N. Hodson, Kamil S. Jaron, Susan Gerbi, Laura Ross 5 6 Supplementary Text 1: Detailed description of the chromosome inheritance system in 7 Bradysia coprophila. 8 9 The chromosome system in B. coprophila, and in sciarids generally, is unique in 10 several ways including chromosome transmission patterns, sex determination, and the 11 presence of GRCs (see Fig 1 for transmission patterns). All sciarids studied to date have a 12 system of reproduction known as paternal genome elimination, where males only transmit 13 maternally inherited chromosomes to offspring [1,2]. Paternal genome elimination has 14 evolved independently in at least seven arthropod lineages, including the related gall gnat 15 family Cecidomyiidae [3]. In all species with paternal genome elimination, meiosis occurs in 16 a Mendelian manner in females, but in males meiosis is aberrant. In male meiosis in 17 sciarids, there is a monopolar spindle in meiosis I. Maternally inherited chromosomes move 18 towards the monopolar spindle, while paternally derived chromosomes move away from it 19 and are discarded in a bud of cytoplasm [2]. Thus, only the maternal complement of 20 chromosomes is transmitted to the sperm. This phenomenon in B. coprophila was the first 21 example of “imprinting”, to our knowledge, by which the cell recognizes the maternal or 22 paternal origin of a chromosome [4]. Interestingly, the GRCs always segregate with the 23 maternal set of chromosomes. Therefore, all of the GRCs (typically two in B. -
Kjaerandsen Sciaroidea WIP.Pdf
Species recognition trade-off between structural wing colours and terminalia in fungus gnats ? J. Kjaerandsen Museum of Zoology Lund University Sweden Structural colours in flies Reflective scales in Diptera – Mosquitoes: Toxorhynchites manicatus (Japan) Reflective body scales in fungus gnats – only in the genus Allactoneura ? Hymenoptera: Eulophidae PhD student Ekaterina Shevtsova Wings imbedded in a medium or studied on a white background will not display their structural colours Slide with wings embedded in Canada balsam Dry specimens studied on a pure white background Mycetophilidae: Rymosia fasciata Keroplatidae: Proceroplatus scalprifera WIPs — Wing Interference Patterns i for interference Bolitophila occlusa Hybotidae: Ocydromia glabricula Cordyla sp. (California) Exechia nugatoria Photo: “Klaas” at Diptera.info, 2008 (= nigroscutellata) (California) Photos: Peter Kerr, 2008 My photo of the same species’ WIP Photos of structural wing colours on internet WIPs — Wing Interference Patterns i for interference • — Genetics of pigment patterns • — Thin Film Interference • — Newton Scale Metering • — Exechiini • — Lygistorrhinidae • — Keroplatidae • — The trade-off Pigmentation in brown, yellow and black: Spatiotemporally regulated by yellow and ebony MELANINS Leia Proceroplatus (Japan) (New Caledonia) Scientists unlock mystery of animal colour patterns Genetic April 22 control of pigment 2010 patterns T. Werner, S. Koshikawa, T. M. Williams, S. B. Carroll, Nature 464, 1143 (2010) Pigments are only a part of the ”mystery of wing colour -
Fungus Gnats (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from Finnmark, Northern Norway
© Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 5 December 2012 Fungus gnats (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from Finnmark, northern Norway GEIR SØLI & EIRIK RINDAL Søli, G. & Rindal, E. 2012. Fungus gnats (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from Finnmark, northern Norway. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 59,158–181. In this paper 277 species belonging to the family Mycetophilidae are reported from Finnmark. The majority of records are based on extensive fieldwork in 2010. Fifteen species have not previously been recorded from Norway, viz. Boletina fennoscandica Polevoi & Hedmark, 2004, B. kivachiana Polevoi & Hedmark, 2004, B. pinusia Maximova, 2001, B. pseudonitida Zaitzev, 1994, B. subtriangularis Polevoi & Hedmark, 2004, Docosia moravica Landrock, 1916, Allodia (Brachycampta) adunca Zaitzev, 1992, Brevicornu auriculatum (Edwards, 1925), B. setigerum Zaitzev in Zaitzev & Polevoi, 1995, B. setulosum Zaitzev, 1988, Exechia similis Laštovka & Matile, 1974, Rymosia britteni Edwards, 1925, Mycetophila boreocruciator Sevčík, 2003, M. quadra Lundström,1909, and Phronia distincta Hackman, 1970. The species composition is briefly commented on, and the species distribution is compared to that reported from Sweden. Based on the present records, 17 species appear to have a more northern, boreal distribution than indicated by the Swedish records. 39 species could not be identified with certainty, of which the majority are likely to represent undescribed species. Most of the unidentified species belong to species rich genera like Sciophila Meigen 1818, Mycetophila Meigen, 1803, Phronia Winnertz, 1863 and Trichonta Winnertz, 1863. Specimens representing these species were among the 500 specimens sent to BOLD for DNA-barcoding, and the preliminary results confirm their isolated position. Key words: Mycetophilidae, distribution, Finnmark, Norway. Geir Søli, Museum of Natural History, University of Oslo, P.O.