NOMTechnical Memorandum NMFS
SEPTEMBER I999
ICHTHYOPLANKTON AND STATION DATA FOR CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS SURVEY CRUISES IN 1985
David A. Ambrose Richard L. Charter H. Geoffrey Moser
NOM-TM-NMFS-SW FSC-266
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), organized in 1970, has evolved into an agency which establishes national policies and manages and conserves our oceanic, coastal, and atmospheric resources. An organizational element within NOAA, the Office of Fisheries is responsible for fisheries policy and the direction of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS).
In addition to its formal publications, the NMFS uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series, however, reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. NOM Technical Memorandum NMFS This TM series us used for documentation and timely communication of preliminary results, interim reports, or special purpose information. The TMs have not received complete formal review, edilorial control, or detailed editing.
SEPTEMBER I999
ICHTHYOPLANKTON AND STATION DATA FOR CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS SURVEY CRUISES IN 1985
David A. Ambrose Richard L. Charter H. Geoffrey Moser
National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center La Jolla Laboratory P.O. Box 271 La Jolla, California 92038-0271
NOM-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-266
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE William M. Daley, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration D. James Baker, Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere National Marine Fisheries Service Penelope Dalton, Assistant Administrator for Fisheries CONTENTS
Page ... ListofFigures ...... 111 ... List of Tables ...... 111
Abstract ...... 1
Introduction ...... 1
Sampling Area and Pattern ...... 2
Sampling Gear and Methods ...... 3
Laboratory Procedures ...... 3
Identification ...... 4
SpeciesSummary ...... 5
ExplanationofTables ...... 6
Acknowledgments ...... 6
Literaturecited ...... 7
Figures ...... 11
Tables ...... 14
Phylogenetic Index to Table 4 ...... 75
Alphabetical Index to Table 4 ...... 78
.. 11 LIST OF FIGURES Page
Figure 1. Statiops and cruise tracks for CalCOFI cruises 8502 and 8505 ...... 11
Figure 2. Stations and cruise tracks for CalCOFI cruises 8508 and 85 1 1 ...... 12
Figure 3. Basic station plan for CalCOFI cruises ...... 13
LIST OF TABLES Page
Table 1. Station and plankton tow data for CalCOFI cruises in 1985 ...... 14
Table 2. Pooled occurrences of fish larvae taken on CalCOFI cruises in 1985 ...... 23
Table 3. Pooled counts of fish larvae taken on CalCOFI cruises in 1985 ...... 26
Table 4. Standardized counts of fish larvae taken on CalCOFI cruises in 1985, listed by taxon, station, and month ...... 29
... 111 ABSTRACT
This report provides ichthyoplankton data and associated station and tow data from California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) cruises conducted in the Southern California Bight region in 1985. It is the 25* report in a series that presents these data for all biological-oceanographic CalCOFI surveys from 195 1 to the present. A total of 26 1 stations was occupied during quarterly cruises over the survey area which extended from Avila Beach, California to 120km south of Punta Baja, Baja California, Mexico. Transects extended seaward in a southwesterly direction to a maximum of approximately 330 n. mi. The most seaward station, 90.0 120.0 was approximately 400 n. mi. west of Punta Baja, Baja California, Mexico. The data are listed in a series of four tables; the background, methodology, and information necessary for interpretation of the data are presented in an accompanying text. All pertinent station and tow data, including volumes of water strained and standard haul factors, are listed in the first table. Another table lists, by station and month, standardized counts of each of the 140 larval fish categories identified from survey samples. This series of reports makes the CalCOFI ichthyoplankton and station data available to all investigators and serves as a guide to the computer data base.
INTRODUCTION
This report, the 25" in the series, provides ichthyoplankton and associated station and tow data from California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) joint biological-oceanographic survey cruises conducted in 1985. This program was initiated in 1949, under the sponsorship ofthe Marine Research Committee of the State of California, to study the population fluctuations of the Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) and the environmental factors that may play a role in these fluctuations. CalCOFI is a partnership among the Southwest Fisheries Science Center of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), and the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). NMFS and SI0 supply ships and personnel to conduct the sea surveys, NMFS processes the plankton samples and analyzes the ichthyoplankton from them. SI0 processes and analyzes hydrographic and biological samples and analyzes invertebrate groups from the plankton samples.
The boundaries, station placement, and sampling frequency for the CalCOFI surveys were based on the results of joint biological-oceanographic cruises conducted by NMFS and SI0 during 1939-41. Originally, CalCOFI cruises were designed to collect sardine eggs and larvae and associated hydrographic data over the entire areal and seasonal spawning range of the species. From 1951 to 1960 the surveys were annual with cruises conducted monthly. The survey area was occupied quarterly during 1961-1965 and in 1966 the surveys became triennial with monthly cruises. Beginning in 1985 annual surveys were resumed, with quarterly cruises occupying oiily the Southern California Bight region (see Hewitt 1988 and Moser et al. 1993, 1994 for summaries of historical CalCOFI sampling effort).
Hydrographic and biological data from the 1985 CalCOFI survey have been published by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (Univ. of Calif., SI0 1985, 1986). All available records for the 1985 CalCOFI surveys were verified and edited to produce this ichthyoplankton data report. These reports make the CalCOFI ichthyoplankton and station data available to all investigators and serve as guides to the ichthyoplankton computer data base. They are the basic documents against which changes in the data base can be compared as it is modified to correct errors and update earlier identifications. Citations for previous reports in this series are:
1 Survey Report Survey Report 1951 Ambrose et al. 1987a 1963 Ambrose et al. 1988a 1952 Sandknop et al. 1987a 1964 Sandknop et al. 1988b 1953 Stevens et al. 1987a 1965 Stevens et al. 1988a 1954 Sumida et al. 1987a 1966 Sumida et al. 1988b 1955 Ambrose et al. 1987b 1967 Ambrose et al. 1988b 1956 Stevens et al. 1987b 1968 Sandknop et al. 1988c 1957 Sumida et al. 1987b 1969 Stevens et al. 1988b 1958 Sandknop et al. 1987b 1972 Sumida et al. 1988c 1959 Stevens et al. 1987c 1975 Ambrose et al. 1988c 1960 Ambrose et al. 1987c 1978 Sandknop et al. 1988d 1961 Sandknop et al. 1988a 1981 Ambrose et al. 1988d 1962 Sumida et al. 1988a 1984 Stevens et al. 1990
SAMPLING AREA AND PATTERN
A total of 26 1 standard CalCOFI survey stations was occupied on four cruises in 1985, employing three research vessels:
8502, RV McArthur, 5 1 stations, February 19-March 4 and RV David Starr Jordan, 37 stations, March 10- 17;
8505, RV DavidStarr Jordan, 53 stations, May 1-18;
8508, RV New Horizon, 60 stations, August 9-22;
85 1 1, RV New Horizon, 60 stations, November 1- 13.
The core survey area extended from Avila Beach to San Diego, California and seaward on six survey lines to approximately 120-330 n. mi. (Figures 1 and 2)'. The most seaward station, 90.0 120.0 was approximately 400 n. mi. west of Punta Baja, Baja California, Mexico. CalCOFI line 76.7 extended seaward to station 80.0 on cruises 8502 and 8505 and to station 120.0 on cruises 8508 and 85 1 1. Line 80.0 extended
I to station 90.0 on cruise 8505 and to station 120.0 on all other cruises. On all cruises lines 83.3 and 86.7 extended seaward to station 70.0 and lines 90.0 and 93.3 extended to station 120.0 (Figures 1 and 2). Following the completion ofthe core pattern on cruise 8502, an additional 37 stations were occupied off Baja California on lines 96.7 (to station 70.0), 100.0 (to station 60.0), 103.3 (to station 60.0), 106.7 (to station 45.0), and 110.0 (to station 50.0). On cruise 8505, 12 additional transects were occupied between lines 80.0
Beginning in 1981 we changed our designation of ordinal survey lines (those ending in "3" and "7") to an exact decimal notation. Thus, lines 77, 83, 87, 93, etc. were changed to 76.7, 83.3, 86.7, 93.3, etc. to indicate equidistant spacing between cardinal lines (those ending in "0"). Scripps Institution of Oceanography continues to use the original designation for ordinal lines (Figures land 2 and see Univ. of Calif., SI0 1985, 1986).
2 and 93.3. A total of 419 vertical "CalVET" tows was taken at 4 n. mi. intervals on these transects and on lines 83.3 to 93.0 seaward to station 70.0 (see Smith et al. 1985 for a detailed description of the CalVET net and sampling procedure). Data from CalVet tows is not included in the standard CalCOFI ichthyoplankton data base.
SAMPLING GEAR AND METHODS
In 1978, the standard 1-m ring net with towing bridle was replaced by a bridle-free "bongo" net. The bongo frame (McGowan and Brown 1966; Smith and Richardson 1977) consists of a pair of circular frames connected to a central axle. The axle is free to rotate so that the mouth openings are vertical during the tow. The standard CalCOFI net has 7 1 cm diameter frames and net material constructed of nylon mesh. Each net consists of a cylindrical section - 146 cm long, a truncated conical section - 16 1 cm long, and a detachable cod end. The starboard net, from which the standard sample is taken, is constructed of 0.505 mm mesh. The sample from the port side is used for other purposes; the mesh size is either 0.505 mm or 0.333 mm depending on requirements. The cod end of each net is constructed of 0.333 mm mesh.
The standard tow in 1985 was a double oblique haul to 2 10 m depth (to 1.5 m from the bottom in shallow areas) designed to filter a constant amount of water per depth interval (- 2 m3/m of depth) over the vertical range of most ichthyoplankters. Hauls were made at a ship speed of 1.5-2.0 knots and initiated by clamping the net to the towing cable above a 34 kg weight suspended below the surface. The net was lowered to - 210 in depth by paying out 300 m of wire at 50 m/minute (3.5 m of depthjminute). After fishing at depth for 30 seconds, the net was retrieved at 20 idminute (14 m of depth/minute). The angle of stray was recorded every 30 seconds and maintained at 45 O (f 3 ") by adjusting ship speed and course. After reaching the surface, the nets were washed down and the samples preserved in 5% formalin buffered with sodium borate. At the beginning and end of each tow, readings were made from a flow meter suspended in the mouth of the starboard net. Detailed descriptions of gear and methods are given by Kramer et al. (1972) and Smith and Richardson (1977); Ohman and Smith (1995) provided summaries of historical CalCOFI zooplankton methods and calibration factors for the various gear types.
LABORATORY PROCEDURES
We determined a zooplankton displacement volume for each sample (methods described in Staff, SPFl 1953 and Kramer et al. 1972). Samples containing > 2.5 ml of plankton were fractioned to - 50% of their original volume. Aliquot percentages for fractioned samples are listed in Table 1 under the "Percent Sorted" column. Sorting involved the removal of ichthyoplankton from the samples and identification and separation of: eggs and larvae of Pacific sardine, northern anchovy, and Pacific saury and larvae of Pacific hake. Body lengths of sardine, anchovy, and hake larvae were measured to the nearest 0.5 mm.
A standard haul factor (SHF) was calculated for each tow to make them comparable and to allow estimation of areal abundance. The SHF is calculated by the formula:
SHF = Q V
where D = depth of haul := cosine of the average angle of stray of the towing cable multiplied by cable length (in)
V = total volume of water (m') strained during the haul
J where R = total number of revolutions of the current meter during the haul
a = area (m') of the mouth of the net
p = length of the column of water needed produce one revolution of the current meter
Tow depth, volume of water strained, and standard haul factor are listed in Table 1 for each tow taken during 1985. Detailed descriptions of factors involved in calculating these values are presented in Ahlstrom (1948), Kramer et al. (1972), and Smith and Richardson (1977).
IDENTIFICATION
Identification of ichthyoplankton species beyond those separated during the sorting process was done by a separate group of specialists. Early ontogenetic stages of fishes are inherently difficult to identify and this is further complicated by the large number and diversity of species which contribute to the ichthyoplankton of the California Current region. Most identifications were accomplished by establishing ontogenetic series on the basis of morphology, meristics, and pigmentation, and then linking these series through overlapping features to known metamorphic, juvenile, or adult stages (Powles and Markle 1984). Our ability to identify larvae in the California Current region improved greatly during 1988-1 995 as a result of an intensive research project aimed at producing a taxonomic monograph on the ontogenetic stages of fishes of this region (Moser 1996). Except for damaged specimens, most larvae in the 1985 surveys could be identified to species. A total of 140 categories (including "unidentified" and "disintegrated") was identified for 1985: 107 to species, 22 to genus, 7 to family or subfamily, and 2 to order. Identifications were done in the Ichthyoplankton Ecology Laboratory of the Coastal Fisheries Resources Division by William Isham and Ernest0 Calix (MEC Analytical Systems), working closely with larval fish identification experts in the laboratory who checked each sample.
With few exceptions, taxonomic categories above species represent small specimens which were damaged and partly disintegrated during capture. The following taxonomic categories in Tables 2- 4 require special explanation:
Cyclothone spp. - small or damaged larvae, almost entirely C. acclinidens and/or C.pseudopallida lacking diagnostic characters.
Cyclothone acclinidens - larger larvae (primarily postflexion stage) having diagnostic characters.
Diaphus spp. - Diaphus theta is the dominant Diaphus species in the survey area and most, if not all, of the larvae from the Southern California Bight region are this species; the generic category is used because a small proportion of the Diaphus larvae captured at the outer margin of the survey pattern may represent other species whose larvae are identical to those of D.theta.
Disintegrated fish larvae - larvae that could not be identified because of their poor condition; separated from the "unidentified" category to monitor the general condition of the ichthyoplankton samples through the time series.
Howella spp. - larvae represent a single species, either H brodiei or H sherbovni; taxonomy of the adult is unresolved.
4 Lampanyctus spp. - primarily small (< 5.0 mm) larvae of L. ritteri and L. regalis; Zahuranec (In Press) has placed 17 species of Lampanyctus with small or absent pectoral fins in the genus Nunnobrachium; four of these species occur in the current CalCOFI survey area (L. regalis, L. ritteri, and two undescribed species designated here by the descriptive names Lampanyctus "no pectorals" and Lampanyctu,s I'niger'').
Lepidopsetta bilineata - see comment for Pleuronectidae.
Lyopsetta exilis - see comment for Pleuronectidae.
Microstoma spp. - larvae of a distinct but undescribed microstomatid species.
Paralepididae - small or damaged larvae, probably Lestidiops ringens lacking diagnostic characters.
Parophrys vetulus - see comment for Pleuronectidae.
Pleuronectidae - Sakamoto (1984) changed pleuronectid generic designations for species in the CalCOFI area as follows: 1) Glyptocephulus zuchirus was changed to Errex zachirus; 2) Isopsettu isolepis, Lepidopsetta bilineata, and Parophrys vetulus were transferred into Pleuronectes and 3) Lyopsetta exilis was changed to Eopsetta exilis; although these changes were incorporated in the lists of Robins et al. (1991) and Eschmeyer (1998) we follow Nelson (1994) in retaining the older nomenclature because Sakamoto's (1984) changes were based on a phenetic study; also, the older names are used in the major identification guides to fishes of our region (Miller and Lea 1972, Eschmeyer et al. 1983, Matarese et al. 1989, and Moser 1996).
Sebastolobus spp. - larvae of this genus < 10 mm in length are not identifiable to species; larvae >10 mm are identified as S. alascanus or S. altivelis.
Unidentified fish larvae - larvae that were generally in good condition but could not be identified because of their small size or early stage of development.
Vinciguerria lucetia - V. lucetia, an eastern tropical Pacific species, is common in the present CalCOFI region whereas the central water mass species V.poweriae is rarely encountered; a small percentage of V.poweriae larvae may have been included in the V. Zucetia category because of the difficulty in separating early larvae of the two species.
SPECIES SUMMARY
Of the five most abundant larvae, the northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) ranked first in abundance and in frequency of occurrence during 1985; they represented 38.7% of the total fish larvae and occurred in 55.6% ofthe total samples (Tables 2 and 3). They were almost twice as abundant as the second most abundant species, the Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), which had 2 1.5% of the total larvae and ranked sixth in occurrence (19.9% of the total samples). The California smoothtongue (Leuroglossusstilbius) was the third most abundant taxon with 7.2% of the total larvae and ranked fourth in frequency of occurrence (29.5% of the samples). The inyctophid Stenobrachius leucopsarus ranked fourth in abundance (6.6% of total larvae) and second in total occurrences (32.6% of the samples). The rockfish genus Sebastes ranked fifth in abundance (5.2% of total larvae) and third in total occurrences (3 1.4% of the samples). The next five most abundant taxa were the Pacific sardine Sardinops sagax (3.3% of total larvae), the Panama lightfish Vinciguerria Zucetia (1.6%), the white croaker Genyonemus lineutus (1.2%), the dogtooth lampfish Ceratoscopelus townsendi (0.9%), and the California flashlightfish Protomyctophum crockeri (0.8%). These
5 species ranked 29*, 1O*, 28", 13*, and 5* in frequency of occurrence, respectively. The 10 most abundant taxa comprised 87% of all the larvae collected on CalCOFI cruises in 1985. The remaining 13% was distributed among 130 other taxa (including the "disintegrated" and "unidentified" categories). Of the ten most abundant taxa, half were midwater species, three were coastal demersal taxa, and two were coastal pelagic species.
EXPLANATION OF TABLES
Table 1. This table lists for each tow the pertinent station and tow data, the volume of water filtered, the standard haul factor, the plankton volume, the percentage of sample sorted, and the total number of fish eggs and larvae. CalCOFI cruises are designated by four digits; the first two indicate the year and second two the month. Within each cruise the data are listed in order of increasing line and station number (southerly and seaward directions); the order of station occupancy is shown on the station charts (Figures 1 and 2). Stations are designated by two groups of numbers; the first set indicates the line and decimal fraction and the second set indicates the station and decimal fraction. Time is listed as Pacific Standard Time at the start of each tow in 24-hour designation. Plankton displacement volumes were determined after removal of large organisms (those with individual displacement volumes > 5 ml) and expressed as ml per 1000 m3 of water filtered. The values for total fish eggs and larvae are raw counts (unadjusted for percent of sample sorted or standard haul factor). Ship codes are as follows: JD, DavidStarr Jordan; M4, McArthur; NH, New Horizon. The listings for station latitude and longitude in this table may differ from values given for the same station in the SI0 data reports, reflecting the slight difference in position of the net tow and hydrocast. Dates given here and in Figures land 2 for the beginning and end of each cruise are based on Pacific Standard time at the first and last net tow station of the cruise and do not include transit time from port to the first station and to port after the last station. Thus, our cruise dates may differ slightly from those in SI0 reports which are based on GMT prior to 1990 and include transit time to the first station and from the last station.
Table 2. Pooled occurrences of all larval fish taxa taken on CalCOFI survey cruises in 1985 listed in rank order.
Table 3. Pooled counts of all larval fish taxa taken on CalCOFI survey cruises in 1985 listed in rank order. Numbers are adjusted for percent sorted and standard haul factors.
Table 4. Numbers of fish larvae for each taxon, listed by station and calendar month of the tow. Counts are adjusted for percentage of sample sorted and standard haul factor. Orders and families are listed in phylogenetic sequence (Eschmeyer 1998); genera and species are listed alphabetically.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The following NMFS personnel were responsible for making the collections at sea: Dimitry Abramenkoff (8505, 8508, 851 l), David Ambrose (8502), William Flerx (8502, 8505, 851 l), Eric Lynn (8502), Richard Methot (8502), Jack Metoyer (8502), Cynthia Meyer (SSOS), and Paul Smith (8505). The samples were sorted by Lucy Dunn, Frances Pocinich, and Jean Haddox. William Isham and Ernest0 Calix of MEC Analytical Systems identified the samples in conjunction with the senior author and other personnel of the ichthyoplankton group (Sharon Charter, Elaine Sandknop, William Watson). Amy Hays and Susan Manion entered the data and Susan Jacobson provided programming assistance. The cooperation and assistance provided by the crews of the CalCOFI research vessels were instrumental in making the collections and observations at sea.
6 LITERATURE CITED
Ahlstrom, E. H. 1948. A record of pilchard eggs and larvae collected during surveys made in 1939 to 1941. U.S. Wildl. Sew. Spec. Sci. Rep. Fish. SSRF-54. 82 pp.
Ambrose, D. A., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and C. R. Santos Methot. 1987a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1951. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-79. 196 pp.
Ambrose, D. A., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and C. R. Santos Methot. 1987b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1955. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-83. 185 pp.
Ambrose, D. A., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and C. R. Santos Methot. 1987c. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1960. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-88.253pp.
Ambrose, D. A., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and B. S. Earhart. 1988a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1963. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-94.209pp.
Ambrose, D. A., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and B. S. Earhart. 1988b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1967. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-98. 103 pp.
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Kramer, D., M. Kalin, E. G. Stevens, J. R. Thrailkill, and J. R. Zweifel. 1972. Collecting and processing data on fish eggs and larvae in the California Current Region. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. 370. 38 PP.
Matarese, A. C., A. W. Kendall, Jr., D. M. Blood, and B. M. Vinter. 1989. Laboratory guide to early life history stages of northeast Pacific fishes. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 80. 652 pp.
7 McGowan, J. S. and D. M. Brown. 1966. A new opening-closing paired zooplankton net. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr. Ref. 66-23.23 pp.
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Moser, H. G. (ed.). 1996. The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. CalCOFI Atlas 33. 1505 pp.
Moser, H. G., R. L. Charter, P. E. Smith, D. A. Ambrose, S. R. Charter, C. A. Meyer, E. M. Sandknop, and W. Watson. 1993. Distributional atlas of fish larvae and eggs in the California Current region: taxa with 1000 or more total larvae, 1951 through 1984. CalCOFI Atlas 31.233 pp.
Moser, H. G., R. L. Charter, P. E. Smith, D. A. Ambrose, S. R. Charter, C. A. Meyer, E. M. Sandknop, and W. Watson. 1994. Distributional atlas of fish larvae in the California Current region: taxa with less than 1000 total larvae, 1951 through 1984. CalCOFI Atlas 32. 181 pp.
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Ohman, M. D. and P. E. Smith. 1995. A comparison of zooplankton sampling methods in the CalCOFl time series. Calif. Coop. Oceanic Fish. Invest. Rep. 36:153-158.
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Robins, C. R., R. M. Bailey, C. E. Bond, J. R. Brooker, E. A. Lachner, R. N. Lea, and W. B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Fifth edition. Am. Fish. SOC.Spec. Publ. 20. 183 pp.
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Sandknop, E. M., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and J. D. Ryan. 1987a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1952. US. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-80.207pp.
Sandknop, E. M., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and J. D. Ryan. 1987b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1958. U.S. Dep. Commer. NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-86.248pp.
Sandknop, E. M., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, C. A. Meyer, and A. E. Hays. 1988a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 196 1. US. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-92. 167 pp.
Sandknop, E. M., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, C. A. Meyer, and A. E. Hays. 1988b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1964. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-95.222pp.
8 Sandknop, E. M., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, C. A. Meyer, and A. E. Hays. 1988c. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1968. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-99. 1 12 pp.
Sandknop, E. M., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, C. A. Meyer, and A. E. Hays. 1988d. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1978. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-111.216pp.
Smith, P. E., W. Flerx, and R. P. Hewitt. 1985. The CalCOFI vertical egg tow (CalVET) net. Pages 27-32 in R. Lasker. ed. An egg production method for estimating spawning biomass of pelagic fish: application to the Northern Anchovy, Engradis mordax. U.S. Dep. Commer. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 36.99 pp.
Smith, P. E. and S. L. Richardson. 1977. Standard techniques for pelagic fish egg and larva surveys. FA0 Fish. Tech. Pap. 175. 100 pp.
Staff, South Pacific Fisheries Investigations. 1953. Zooplankton volumes off the Pacific Coast, 1952. U.S. Fish. Wildl. Serv. Spec. Sci. Rep. Fish. SSRF-100. 41 pp.
Stevens, E. G., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and M. S. Busby. 1987a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for CaliforniaCooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1953. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-81. 186 pp.
Stevens, E. G., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and M. S. Busby. 1987b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1956. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-84. 189 pp.
Stevens, E. G., R. L. Charter, H. G.,Moser, and M. S. Busby. 1987c. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1959. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-87.273pp.
Stevens, E. G., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and L. R. Zins. 1988a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1965. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-96.220pp.
Stevens, E. G., R. L. Charter, H. Ci. Moser, and L. R. Zins. 1988b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1969. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-100.265pp.
Stevens, E. G., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and C. A. Meyer. 1990. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1984. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-141. 157 pp.
Sumida, B. Y., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and D. L. Snow. 1987a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1954. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-82.207pp.
Sumida, B. Y., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and D. L. Snow. 1987b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1957.US. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-85.225pp.
9 Sumida, B. Y., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and D. L. Snow. 1988a. Ichthyoplankton and station data for CaliforniaCooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1962. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo, NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-93.79 pp.
Sumida, B. Y., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and D. L. Snow. 1988b. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1966. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-97.287pp.
Sumida, B. Y., R. L. Charter, H. G. Moser, and D. L. Snow. 1988c. Ichthyoplankton and station data for California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations survey cruises in 1972. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC- 109.219 pp.
University of California, Scripps Institution of Oceanography. 1985. Data Report. Physical, chemical, and biological data. CalCOFI Cruise 8502,19 February - 5 March, 1985 and CalCOFI Cruise 8505, 29 April-18 May, 1985. SI0 Ref. 85-14. 94 pp.
University of California, Scripps Institution of Oceanography. 1986. Data Report. Physical, chemical, and biological data. CalCOFI Cruise 8508, 9- 22 August, 1985 and CalCOFI Cruise 851 1, 1-14 November, 1985. SI0 Ref. 86-6.96 pp.
Zahuranec, B. J. In Press. Zoogeography and systematics of the lanternfishes of the genus Nannobrachiurn (Lampanyctini: Myctophidae). Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 607.
10 36"
34"
32"
30"
126" 124" 122" 120" 118" 116"
36"
34"
32"
30" Station Positions Direction of Travel +
126" 124" 122" 120" 118" 116"
Figure 1. Stations and cruise tracks for CalCOFI cruises 8502 (above) and 8505 (below). Circles indicate hydrographic stations; dots indicate net tow stations. 11 36"
34"
32"
30"
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36"
34"
32"
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Figure 2. Stations and cruise tracks for CalCOFI cruises 8508 (above) and 85 11 (below). Symbols as in Figure 1. 12 40'
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Figure 3. Basic station plan for CalCOFI Cruises.
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22 TABLE 2. Pooled occurrences of fish larvae taken on CalCOFI cruises in 1985.
Rank Taxon Occurrences 1 Engraulis mordax 145 2 Stenobrachius leucopsarus 85 3 Sebastes spp. 82 4 Leuroglossus stilbius 77 5 Protomyctophum crockeri 68 6 Merluccius productus 52 7 Lampanyctus ritteri 47 8 S’mbolophorus californiensis 46 9 Diogenichthys atlanticus 42 10 Triphoturus mexicanus 40 10 Vinciguerria lucetia 40 12 Citharichthys stigmaeus 37 13 Ceratoscopelus townsendi 35 14 Bathylagus ochotensis 31 15 Bathylagus wesethi 27 15 Disintegrated fish larvae 27 17 Cyclothone spp. 26 18 Idiacanthus antrostomus 25 19 Cyclothone signata 23 20 Diaphus spp. 21 21 Myctophidae 19 22 Tarletonbeania crenularis 18 23 Citharichthys sordidus 17 23 Lestidiops ringens 17 23 Scomber japonicus 17 26 Trachurus symmetricus 16 27 Lampanyctus spp. 14 27 Unidentified fish larvae 14 29 Sardinops sagax 13 29 Genyonemus lineatus 13 31 Melamphaes lugubris 11 31 Oxyjulis californica 11 33 Citharichthys spp. 10 33 Melamphaes spp. 10 35 Argentina sialis 9 35 Chauliodus macouni 9 37 Microstoma spp. 8 37 Electrona risso 8 37 Pleuronichthys verticalis 8 40 Tetragonurus cuvieri 7 40 Argyropelecus sladeni 7 40 Lyopsetta exilis 7 40 Sternoptyx spp. 7 44 Paralabrax spp. 6 44 Coryphopterus nicholsii 6 44 Howella spp. 6 47 Oxylebius pictus 5 47 Stomias atriventer 5 47 Danaphos oculatus 5
23 TABLE 2. (cont.) Rank Taxon Occurrences 47 Myctophum nitidulum 5 47 Sebastesjordani 5 47 Tactostoma macropus 5 47 Sternoptychidae 5 54 Stomiiformes 4 54 Nansenia candida 4 54 Sebastes paucispinis 4 54 Hygophum atratum 4 54 Hygophum reinhardtii 4 54 Paralichthys californicus 4 54 Parophrys vetulus 4 54 Chromis punctipinnis 4 54 Argyropelecus hemigymnus 4 54 Trachipterus altivelis 4 54 Hypsoblennius gentilis 4 54 Bathophilus jlemingi 4 54 Scopelarchus guentheri 4 54 Notoscopelus resplendens 4 68 Chiasmodon niger 3 68 Hippoglossina stomata 3 68 NotoIychnus valdiviae 3 68 Aristostomias scintillans 3 68 Melanostorniinae 3 68 Parvilux ingens 3 68 Lampanyctus regalis 3 68 Microstomus pacrficus 3 68 Scopelogadus bispinosus 3 68 Lampanyctus “no pectorals” 3 68 Argyropelecus spp. 3 68 Argyropelecus Iychnus 3 80 Lampadena urophaos 2 80 Magnisudis atlantica 2 80 Paralepididae 2 80 Synodus lucioceps 2 80 Scopelarchus analis 2 80 Benthalbella dentata 2 80 Eustomias spp. 2 80 Cyclothone acclinidens 2 80 Bathylagus pacificus 2 80 Lampanyctus steinbecki 2 80 Artedius harringtoni 2 80 Icelinus quadriseriatus 2 80 Sphyraena argentea 2 80 Hypsoblennius spp. 2 80 Oneirodidae 2 80 Icichthys lockingtoni 2 80 Hypsoblennius jenkinsi 2 80 Loweina rara 2 80 Rathbunella spp. 2 80 Lythrypnus spp. 2
24 TABLE 2. (cont.) Rank Taxon Occurrences 80 Zaniolepisfrenata 2 80 Halichoeres semicinctus 2 80 Sebastolobus spp. 2 80 Semicossyphus pulcher 2 80 Cottidae 2 105 Argyropelecus aflnis 1 105 Artedius spp. 1 105 Gonostoma ebelingi 1 105 Gonostoma spp. 1 105 Diplophos taenia 1 105 Scorpaenichthys marmoratus 1 105 Xeneretmus leiops 1 105 Pleuronichthys coenosus 1 105 Perciformes 1 105 Cheilotrema saturnum 1 105 Bathylagus m illeri 1 105 Seriphus politus 1 105 Symphurus atricaudus 1 105 Paricelinus hopliticus 1 105 Ophidion scrippsae 1 105 Lampanyctus "niger" 1 105 Lythrypnus dalli 1 105 Lampanyctus tenuiformes 1 105 Typhlogobius californiensis 1 105 Pleuronectidae 1 105 Lythrypnus zebra 1 105 Lepidogobius lepidus 1 105 Scopelosaurus harryi 1 105 Diplospinus multistriatus 1 105 Lepidopsetta bilineata 1 105 Rosenblattichthys volucris 1 105 Sebastes aurora 1 105 Caulophryne spp. 1 105 Oneirodes spp. 1 105 Gigantactis spp. 1 105 Bathophilus spp. 1 105 Cololabis saira 1 105 Melamphaes simus 1 105 Citharichthys xanthostigma 1 105 Poromitra crassiceps 1 105 Scopelarchus spp. 1 Total 1477
25 TABLE 3. Pooled counts of fish larvae taken on the CalCOFI cruises in 1985. Counts are adjusted for percent of sample sorted and standard haul factor (see text).
Rank Taxon Count 1 Engraulis mordax 3 863 8 2 Merluccius productus 21492 3 Leuroglossus stilbius 7200 4 Stenobrachius leucopsarus 6595 5 Sebastes spp. 5 168 6 Sardinops sagax 3346 7 Vinciguerria lucetia 1587 8 Genyonernus lineatus 1192 9 Ceratoscopelus townsendi 88 1 10 Protomyctophum crockeri 806 11 Triphoturus mexicanus 776 12 Lampanyctus ritteri 647 13 Diaphus spp. 639 14 Diogenichthys atlanticus 630 15 Symbolophorus californiensis 626 16 Citharichthys stigmaeus 61 1 17 Bathylagus ochotensis 606 18 Cyclothone spp. 570 19 Trachurus symmetricus 562 20 Idiacanthus antrostomus 487 21 Bathylagus wesethi 470 22 Cyclothone signata 434 23 Disintegrated fish larvae 343 24 Scomber japonicus 3 24 25 Oxyjulis californ ica 3 13 26 Citharichthys sordidus 299 27 Tarletonbeania crenularis 226 28 Sebastes jordani 188 29 Unidentified fish larvae 175 30 Chromis punctipinnis 168 31 Myctophidae 159 32 Paralabrax spp. 147 33 Lestidiops ringens 142 34 Pleuronichthys verticalis 136 35 Lyopsetta exilis 131 36 Microstoma spp. 125 37 Lepidogob ius lepidus 117 37 Lampanyctus spp. 117 39 Citharichthys spp. 113 40 Argentina sialis 108 41 Melamphaes lugubris 103 42 Chauliodus macouni 93 43 Melamphaes spp. 89 44 Lythrypnus dalli 77 45 Howella spp. 75 46 Tetragonurus cuvieri 72 47 Hypsoblennius spp. 66
26 TABLE 3. (cont.) Rank Taxon Count 48 Electrona risso 60 49 Parophrys vetulus 57 50 Paralichthys californicus 56 50 Nansenia candida 56 52 Sternoptyx spp. 53 53 Bathophilus jlem ingi 50 54 Argyropelecus sladeni 48 55 Sternoptychidae 46 56 Coryphopterus nicholsii 43 57 Danaphos oculatus 41 57 Sebastes paucispinis 41 59 Hippoglossina stomata 40 60 Hypsoblennius gentilis 38 61 Tactostoma macropus 37 61 Hygophum reinhardtii 37 61 Zaniolepis frenata 37 64 Oxylebius pictus 36 65 Sem icossyphus pulcher 35 65 Microstomus paciJcus 35 67 Argyropelecus spp. 34 67 Hypsoblennius jenkinsi 34 67 Trachipterus altivelis 34 67 Myctophum nitidulum 34 67 Sebastolobus spp. 34 72 Artedius harringtoni 33 72 Rathbunella spp. 33 74 Melanostomiinae 31 75 Notoscopelus resplendens 29 75 Stomias atriventer 29 75 Hygophum atratum 29 75 Pleuronectidae 29 79 Lampanyctus regalis 28 80 Argyropelecus lychnus 26 80 Typhlogobius californiensis 26 80 Stomiiformes 26 83 Parvilux ingens 25 83 Cottidae 25 83 Scopelarchus guentheri 25 86 Paricelinus hopliticus 23 87 Seriphus politus 21 87 Halichoeres sem icinctus 21 89 Aristostomias scintillans 20 89 Notolychnus valdiviae 20 89 Scopelogadus bispinosus 20 89 Lampanyctus "no pectorals" 20 93 Sphyraena argentea 19 93 Icichthys lockingtoni 19 93 Argyropelecus hemigymnus 19 96 Synodus lucioceps 18
27 TABLE 3. (cont.) Rank Taxon Count 96 Bathylagus pac$cus 18 98 Loweina rara 16 99 Icelinus quadriseriatus 15 99 Cyclothone acclinidens 15 99 Chiasmodon niger 15 102 Lampadena urophaos 14 102 Lythrypnus spp. 14 104 Sebastes aurora 11 104 Symphurus atricaudus 11 104 Citharichthys xanthostigma 11 107 Bathophilus spp. 10 107 Gonostoma spp. 10 107 Magnisudis atlantica 10 107 Eustomias spp. 10 107 Lythrypnus zebra 10 107 Perciformes 10 107 Scopelarchus analis 10 107 Paralepididae 10 107 Oneirodidae 10 107 Lampanyctus steinbecki 10 107 Cololabis saira 10 118 Artedius spp. 9 118 Xeneretmus leiops 9 118 Scorpaenichthys marmoratus 9 118 Lepidopsetta bilineata 9 118 Bathylagus milleri 9 118 Ophidion scrippsae 9 118 Benthalbella dentata 9 125 Cheilotrema saturnum 8 125 Pleuronichthys coenosus 8 127 Caulophryne spp. 5 127 Gigantactis spp. 5 127 Diplospinus multistriatus 5 127 Scopelarchus spp. 5 127 Poromitra crassiceps 5 127 Diplophos taenia 5 127 Melamphaes simus 5 127 Rosenblattichthys volucris 5 127 Oneirodes spp. 5 127 Argyropelecus afinis 5 127 Lampanyctus "niger" 5 127 Lampanyctus tenuiformes 5 127 Scopelosaurus harryi 5 140 Gonostoma ebelingi 4 Total 99901
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Idiacanthus antrostomus ...... 42 Engraulidae Aulopiformes Engraulis mordax ...... 29 Scopelarchidae Osmeriformes Benthalbella dentata ...... 42 Argentinidae Rosenblattichthys volucris ...... 42 Argentina sialis ...... 32 Scopelarchus spp ...... 42 Microstoinatidae Scopelarchus analis ...... 43 Microstoma spp ...... 32 Scopelarchus guentheri ...... 43 Nansenia candida ...... 33 Notosudidae Bathylagidae Scopelosaurus harryi ...... 43 Bathylagus milleri ...... 33 Synodontidae Bathylagus ochotensis ...... 33 Synodus lucioceps ...... 43 Bathylagus pacificus ...... 34 Paralepididae ...... 43 Bathylagus wesethi ...... 34 Lestidiops ringens ...... 43 Leuroglossus stilbius ...... 34 Magnisudis atlantica ...... 44 Stomiiformes ...... 36 Myctophiformes Gonostomatidae Myctophidae ...... 44 Cyclothone spp ...... 36 Lampanyctinae Cyclothone acclinidens ...... 31 Ceratoscopelus townsendi ...... 45 Cyclothone signata ...... 31 Diaphus spp ...... 45 Diplophos taenia ...... 38 Lampadena urophaos ...... 46 Gonostoma spp ...... 38 Lampanyctus spp ...... 46 Gonostoma ebelingi ...... 3 8 Lampanyctus "niger" ...... 47 Sternoptychidae ...... 38 Lampanyctus "no pectorals" ...... 47 Argyropelecus spp ...... 38 Lampanyctus regalis ...... 41 Argyropelecus afJinis ...... 38 Lampanyctus ritteri ...... 47 Argyropelecus hemigymnus ...... 38 Lampanyctus steinbecki ...... 48 Argyropelecus lychnus ...... 39 Lampanyctus tenuiformes ...... 48 Argyropelecus sladeni ...... 39 Notolychnus valdiviae ...... 48 Danaphos oculatus ...... 39 Notoscopelus resplendens ...... 49 Sternoptyx spp ...... 39 Parvilux ingens ...... 49 Phosichthy idae Stenobrachius leucopsarus ...... 49 Vinciguerria lucetia ...... 40 Triphoturus mexicanus ...... 51 Stomiidae Myctophinae Chauliodontinae Diogenichthys atlanticus ...... 52 Chauliodus macouni ...... 4 1 Electrona risso ...... 53 Stomiinae Hygophum atratum ...... 53 Stomias atriventer ...... 4 1 Hygophum reinhardtii ...... 53 Melanostomiinae ...... 41 Loweina rara ...... 53 Bathophilus spp ...... 41 Myctophum nitidulum ...... 54 Bathophilus Jlemingi ...... 4 1 Protomyctophum crockeri ...... 54 Eustomias spp ...... 41 Symbolophorus californiensis ...... 55 Tactostoma macropus ...... 4 1 Tarletonbeania crenularis ...... 51 Malacosteinae Lampridiformes Trachipteridae Howellidae Trachipterus altivelis ...... 57 Howellu spp ...... 64 Gadiformes Carangidae Merlucciidae Trachurus symmetricus ...... 65 Merluccius productus ...... 57 Sciaenidae Ophidiiformes Cheilotrema saturnum ...... 65 Ophidiidae Genyonemus lineatus ...... 65 Ophidion scrippsae ...... 59 Seriphus politus ...... 66 Lophiiforrnes Labroidei Ceratioidei Pomacentridae Caulophrynidae Chromis punctipinnis ...... 66 Caulophryne spp...... 59 Labridae Oneirodidae ...... 59 Halichoeres semicinctus ...... 66 Oneirodes spp ...... 59 Oxyjulis calfornica ...... 66 Gigantactinidae Semicossyphus pulcher ...... 66 Gigantactis spp...... 59 Zoarcoidei Be 1on i form e s Bathymasteridae Scomberesocidae Rathbunella spp ...... 66 Cololabis saira ...... 59 Trachinoidei Stephanoberyci formes Chiasmodontidae Melamphaidae Chiasmodon niger ...... 67 Melamphaes spp ...... 59 Blennioidei Melamphaes lugubris ...... 60 Blenniidae Melamphaes simus ...... 60 Hypsoblennius spp ...... 67 Poromitra crussiceps ...... 60 Hypsoblennius gentilis ...... 67 Scopelogadus b ispinos us ...... 60 Hypsoblennius jenkinsi ...... 67 Scorpaeniformes Gobioidei Sebastidae Gobiidae Sebastes spp ...... 60 Coryphopterus nicholsii ...... 67 Sebastes aurora ...... 62 Lepidogobius lepidus ...... 67 Sebastes jordani ...... 62 Lythrypnus spp ...... 67 Sebastes paucispinis ...... 63 Lythrypnus dalli ...... 68 Sebastolobus spp ...... 63 Lythrypnus zebra ...... 68 Z aniolep ididae Typhlogobius culiforniensis ...... 68 Oxylebius pictus ...... 63 Sphyraenoidei Zaniolepisfienata ...... 63 Sphyraenidae Cottidae ...... 63 Sphyraena argentea ...... 68 Artedius spp ...... 63 Scombroidei Artedius harringtoni ...... 63 Gempylidae Icelinus quadriseriatis ...... 63 D iplospin us m ult istr iat us ...... 68 Paricelinus hopliticus ...... 64 Scombridae Scorpaenichthys marmoratus ...... 64 Scomber japonicus ...... 68 Agon idae Stromateoidei Xeneretmus leiops ...... 64 Centrolophidae Perciformes ...... 64 Icichthys lockingtoni ...... 69 Percoidei Tetragonuridae Serranidae Tetragonurus cuvieri ...... 69 Paralabrax spp ...... 64 Pleuronectiformes 76 Paralichthy idae Lyopsetta exilis ...... 72 Citharichthys spp ...... 69 Microstomus paciJicus ...... 72 Citharichthys sordidus ...... 69 Parophrys vetulus ...... 72 Citharichthys stigmaeus ...... 70 Pleuronichthys coenosus ...... 72 Citharichthys xanthostigma ...... 7 1 Pleuronichthys verticalis ...... 72 Hippoglossina stomata ...... 7 1 Cynoglossidae Paralichthys californicus ...... 7 1 Symphurus atricaudus ...... 72 Pleuronectidae ...... 7 1 Disintegrated fish larvae ...... 73 Lepidopsetta bilineata ...... 7 1 Unidentified fish larvae ...... 73 77 ALPHABETICAL INDEX TO TABLE 4 Argentina sialis ...... 32 Hippoglossina stomata ...... 71 Argyropelecus afjinis ...... 3 8 Hippoglossus stenolepis ...... 71 Argyropelecus hemigymnus ...... 3 8 Howella spp ...... 63 Argyropelecus lychnus ...... 38 Hygophum atratum ...... 52 Argyropelecus sladeni ...... 3 8 Hygophum reinhardtii ...... 52 Argyropelecus spp...... 38 Hypsoblennius gentilis ...... 65 Aristostomias scintillans ...... 4 1 Hypsoblennius jenkinsi ...... 65 Artedius harringtoni ...... 62 Hypsoblennius spp ...... 65 Artedius spp ...... 62 Icelinus quadriseriatis ...... 62 Bathophilus jlemingi ...... 4 1 Icichthys lockingtoni ...... 67 Bathophilus spp ...... 41 Idiacanthus antrostomus ...... 41 Bathylagus milleri ...... 33 Lampadena urophaos ...... 46 Bathylagus ochotensis ...... 33 Lampanyctus "niger"...... 46 Bathylagus pacijicus ...... 34 Lampanyctus "no pectorals" ...... 46 Bathylagus wesethi ...... 34 Lampanyctus regalis ...... 46 Benthalbella dentata ...... 42 Lampanyctus ritteri ...... 46 Caulophyrne spp ...... 58 Lampanyctus spp...... 46 Ceratoscopelus townsendi ...... 44 Lampanyctus steinbecki ...... 48 Chauliodus macouni ...... 40 Lampanyctus tenuiformes ...... 48 Cheilotrema saturnum ...... 63 Lepidogobius lepidus ...... 66 Chiasmodon niger ...... 65 Lepidopsetta bilineata ...... 70 Chromis punctipinnis ...... 64 Lestidiops ringens ...... 43 Citharichthys sordidus ...... 68 Leuroglossus stilbius ...... 34 Citharichthys spp ...... 68 Loweina rara ...... 52 Citharichthys stigmaeus ...... 68 Lyopsetta exilis ...... 70 Citharichthys xanthostigma ...... 69 Lythrypnus dalli ...... 66 Cololabis saira ...... 58 Lythrypnus spp...... 66 Coryphopterus nicholsii ...... 66 Lythrypnus zebra ...... 66 Cottidae ...... 62 Magnisudis atlantica ...... 43 Cyclothone acclinidens ...... 3 7 Melamphaes lugubris ...... 58 Cyclothone signata ...... 37 Melamphaes simus ...... 59 Cyclothone spp ...... 36 Melamphaes spp ...... 58 Danaphos oculatus ...... 39 Melanostomiinae ...... 40 Diaphus spp ...... 45 Merluccius productus ...... 56 Diogenichthys atlanticus ...... 5 1 Microstoma spp ...... 32 Diplophos taenia ...... 37 Microstomus pacijkus ...... 70 Diplospinus multistriatus ...... 66 Myctophidae ...... 44 Disintegrated fish larvae ...... 7 1 Myctophum nitidulum ...... 53 Electrona risso ...... 52 Nansenia candida ...... 32 Engraulis mordax ...... 29 Notolychnus valdiviae ...... 48 Eustomias spp ...... 41 Notoscopelus resplendens ...... 48 Genyonemus lineatus ...... 64 Oneirodes spp ...... 58 Gigantactis spp ...... 58 Oneirodidae ...... 58 Gonostoma ebelingi...... 3 8 Ophidion scrippsae ...... 58 Gonostoma spp ...... 38 Oxyjulis californica ...... 64 Halichoeres semicinctus ...... 64 Oxylebius pictus ...... 61 78 Paralabrax spp...... 62 Sebastes paucispinis ...... 6 1 Paralepididae ...... 43 Sebastolobus spp...... 61 Paralichthys californicus ...... 70 Semicossyphus pulcher ...... 65 Paricelinus hopliticus ...... 62 Seriphus politus ...... 64 Parophrys vetulus ...... 70 Sphyraena argentea ...... 66 Parvilux ingens ...... 48 Stenobrachius Eeucopsarus ...... 48 Perciformes ...... 62 Steriioptychidae ...... 38 Pleuroiiectidae ...... 70 Sternoptyx spp ...... 39 Pleuronichthys coenosis ...... 70 Stomias atriventer ...... 40 Pleuronichthys verticalis ...... 7 1 Stomiiformes ...... 36 Poromitra crassiceps ...... 59 Symbolophorus californiensis ...... 54 Protomyctophum crockeri ...... 53 Symphurus atricaudus ...... 71 Rathbunella spp...... 65 Synodus lucioceps ...... 43 Rosenblattichthys volucris ...... 42 Tactostoma macropus ...... 41 Sardinopssagax ...... 29 Tarletonbeania crenularis ...... 55 Scomber japonicus ...... 66 Tetragonurus cuvieri ...... 67 Scopelarchus spp...... 42 Trachipterus altivelis ...... 56 Scopelarchus analis ...... 42 Trachurus symmetricus ...... 63 Scopelarchus guentheri ...... 42 Triphoturus mexicanus ...... 50 Scopelogadus bispinosus ...... 59 Typhlogobius californiensis ...... 66 Scopelosaurus harryi ...... 43 Unidentified fish larvae ...... 72 Scorpaenichthys rnarmoratus ...... 62 Vinciguerria lucetia ...... 39 Sebastes spp...... 59 Xeneretmus leiops ...... 62 Sebastes aurora ...... 6 1 Zaniolepis jPenata ...... 62 Sebastes jordani ...... 6 1 79 RECENT TECHNICAL MEMORANDUMS Copies of this and other NOAA Technical Memorandums are available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22167. Paper copies vary in price. Microfiche copies cost $9.00. Recent issues of NOAA Technical Memorandums from the NMFS Southwest Fisheries Science Center are listed below: NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-256 Marine mammal auditory systems: A summary of audiometric and anatomical data and its implications for underwater acoustic impacts. D.R. KETTEN (September 1999) 257 Estimation of sea turtle take and mortality in the Hawai'i-based longline fishery, 1994-96. R.A, SKILLMAN and P. KLEIBER (October 1998) 258 U.S. Pacific marine mammal stock assessments: 1998. J. BARLOW, P.S. HILL, K.A. FORNEY, and D.P. DeMASTER (December 1998) 259 The Hawaiian Monk Seal in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, 1996. T.C. JOHANOS, and T.J. RAGEN (March 1999) 260 Stress in mammals: The potential influence of fishery-induced stress on dolphins in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean. B.E. CURRY (April 1999) 261 Recent developments in population viability analysis, with specific reference to pacific salmon. P.D. SPENCER (May 1999) 262 The Hawaiian Monk Seal in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, 1997. T.C. JOHANOS, and T.J. RAGEN (June 1999) 263 Proceedings of the Second International Pacific Swordfish Symposium. G.T. DiNARDO, (Compiler and Editor) (June 1999) 264 A report of the Oregon, California and Washington line-transect experiment (ORCAWALE) conducted in west coast waters during Summer/Fall 1996. A. VON SAUNDER and J. BARLOW (August 1999) 265 The physical oceanography off the Central California coast during May-June, 1997: A summary of CTD data from pelagic juvenile rockfish surveys. K.M. SAKUMA, F.B. SCHWING, D. ROBERTS, C. MOORE, K. BALTZ, and S. RALSTON (September 1999)