Document of the World Bank for OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Asia Rail Bridge One Belt One Road – the New Silk Road ______
Asia Rail Bridge One Belt One Road – The New Silk Road ______________________________________________ What started over 2000 years ago is being revived today THE WORLD IS CHANGING HOW WE LIVE In times of global competition, all options must be considered, toHOW maintain WE WORK its position in the market. HOW WE MOVE The rapid growth of the NEW SILK ROAD NUMBER OF TRAINS FROM 2011 TO 2019 JULY 5000 4407 4500 4247 4013 4000 3500 3000 2500 2105 2000 1832 1500 1105 968 1000 500 195 0 2011 - 2015 2016 - 2017 2018 2019 WB EB Source: China Railway Corporation, National Development and Reform Commission China - One Belt One Road – The New Silk Road Southern Routing Northern Routing 17 – 19 days 18 – 20 days Manzhouli,China/Zabaikalsk,Russia Via Alashankou,China/Dostyk,Kazakhstan Erenhot,China/Zamyn-Uud, Mongolia Moscow Ekaterinburg Novosibirsk Hamburg Malaszewicze Minsk Chita Manzhouli Astana Duisburg Warsaw Haerbin Nuremberg Dostyk Munich Altynkol Erenhot Khorgos Shenyang Zhengzhou Tianjin Xian Chengdu Chongqing Suzhou Wuhan Yiwu Changsha TEN-T Network – Trans-European Transport Network The Trans-European transport project is a network of roads, railways, airports and water infrastructure in the North Europe European Union Central Europe East Europe South Europe Rail Service FCL Pick up Shanghai Door → Door 23 Days 2 days pre carriage Door Arrival Rail Station China CN 2 days cut off before ETD Cross border Alanshankou → Dostyk B B Cross border Brest → Malasevice Arrival Rail Station Europe HAM Door Delivery 2-3 days after ETA AVERAGE TRANSIT TIME 2017 – 2018 – 2019 25 22.1 20.4 20 19.3 18.1 17.7 16.8 16.8 15.6 15 10 5 0 T-T 2017 T-T 2018 T-T 2019 Last 4 weeks WB EB DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2025 1.000.000 1.000.000 TEU Over 1.000.000 Container will be moved in the year 2025 between China and Europe Reduction of the transit time Transit time under 10 days With Block chain technology, harmonized documents and regulations of customs rules. -
Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae)
ZOOSYSTEMATICA ROSSICA, 18(1): 73-82 3 July 2009 Review of Kazakhstan species of the genus Pachyneuron Walker, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae) K.A. DZHANOKMEN K.A. Dzhanokmen, Institute of Zoology, Akademgorodok, 93 Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan. Ten species of Pachyneuron are reported from Kazakhstan. Data on distribution and biology are reported for the first time for most of these species. A key to the species is provided. Key words: Hymenoptera, Pachyneuron, Kazakhstan INTRODUCTION Pachyneuron aphidis (Bouché, 1834) (Figs 1-4) Pachyneuron Walker, 1833 is a cosmo- politan genus. Members of the genus are Material examined. Kazakhstan: North Ka- mainly hyperparasites of Homoptera (Aphi- zakhstan Prov., 2 females, near town of Shchu- doidea, Coccoidea and Psylloidea) through chinsk, on Salix sp., 27 July 1976, D.K.; Akmolinsk Hymenoptera (Ichneumonoidea: Braconi- Prov., 4 females, in the vicinity of Zhuravlevka vil- lage, from aphids (unknown species), July 1974, dae, Aphidiinae; Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae, S.N.; South Kazakhstan Prov., 60 females, 47 males, Aphelinidae), or primary and secondary town of Dzhetysay, from Pterochloroides persicae parasites of the predators of aphidopha- Chol. (Aphididae, Lachninae) on Persica vulgaris gous Diptera (Syrphidae, Chamaemyidae), Mill., 28 Oct. 1977, F.M.; 1 female, same locality, Coleoptera (Coccinellidae), Neuroptera from Aphis fabae Scopoli (Aphididae, Aphidinae) (Chrysopidae), and also of eggs of Lepi- on Rumex confertus Willd., 24 Sept. 1978, F.M.; 3 doptera (Graham, 1969; Bouček, 1965, females, 2 males, same locality, from Hyalopterus 1970, 1977, 1988; Dzhanokmen, 1978, 1984; pruni (Geoffroy) (Aphididae, Aphidinae) on Ar- meniaca vulgaris Lam., 29 May 1976, F.M.; 2 fe- Gafarov, 1979; Noyes, 1998; Gibson, 2001). -
Selected Works of Chokan Valikhanov Selected Works of Chokan Valikhanov
SELECTED WORKS OF CHOKAN VALIKHANOV CHOKAN OF WORKS SELECTED SELECTED WORKS OF CHOKAN VALIKHANOV Pioneering Ethnographer and Historian of the Great Steppe When Chokan Valikhanov died of tuberculosis in 1865, aged only 29, the Russian academician Nikolai Veselovsky described his short life as ‘a meteor flashing across the field of oriental studies’. Set against his remarkable output of official reports, articles and research into the history, culture and ethnology of Central Asia, and more important, his Kazakh people, it remains an entirely appropriate accolade. Born in 1835 into a wealthy and powerful Kazakh clan, he was one of the first ‘people of the steppe’ to receive a Russian education and military training. Soon after graduating from Siberian Cadet Corps at Omsk, he was taking part in reconnaissance missions deep into regions of Central Asia that had seldom been visited by outsiders. His famous mission to Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan, which began in June 1858 and lasted for more than a year, saw him in disguise as a Tashkent mer- chant, risking his life to gather vital information not just on current events, but also on the ethnic make-up, geography, flora and fauna of this unknown region. Journeys to Kuldzha, to Issyk-Kol and to other remote and unmapped places quickly established his reputation, even though he al- ways remained inorodets – an outsider to the Russian establishment. Nonetheless, he was elected to membership of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society and spent time in St Petersburg, where he was given a private audience by the Tsar. Wherever he went he made his mark, striking up strong and lasting friendships with the likes of the great Russian explorer and geographer Pyotr Petrovich Semyonov-Tian-Shansky and the writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky. -
Ecosystem Service Assessment of the Ili Delta, Kazakhstan Niels Thevs
Ecosystem service assessment of the Ili Delta, Kazakhstan Niels Thevs, Volker Beckmann, Sabir Nurtazin, Ruslan Salmuzauli, Azim Baibaysov, Altyn Akimalieva, Elisabeth A. A. Baranoeski, Thea L. Schäpe, Helena Röttgers, Nikita Tychkov 1. Territorial and geographical location Ili Delta, Kazakhstan Almatinskaya Oblast (province), Bakanas Rayon (county) The Ili Delta is part of the Ramsar Site Ile River Delta and South Lake Balkhash Ramsar Site 2. Natural and geographic data Basic geographical data: location between 45° N and 46° N as well as 74° E and 75.5° E. Fig. 1: Map of the Ili-Balkhash Basin (Imentai et al., 2015). Natural areas: The Ramsar Site Ile River Delta and South Lake Balkhash Ramsar Site comprises wetlands and meadow vegetation (the modern delta), ancient river terraces that now harbour Saxaul and Tamarx shrub vegetation, and the southern coast line of the western part of Lake Balkhash. Most ecosystem services can be attributed to the wetlands and meadow vegetation. Therefore, this study focusses on the modern delta with its wetlands and meadows. During this study, a land cover map was created through classification of Rapid Eye Satellite images from the year 2014. The land cover classes relevant for this study were: water bodies in the delta, dense reed (total vegetation more than 70%), and open reed and shrub vegetation (vegetation cover of reed 20- 70% and vegetation cover of shrubs and trees more than 70%). The land cover class dense reed was further split into submerged dense reed and non-submerged dense reed by applying a threshold to the short wave infrared channel of a Landsat satellite image from 4 April 2015. -
FÁK Állomáskódok
Állomáskód Orosz név Latin név Vasút kódja Államnév orosz Államnév latin Államkód 406513 1 МАЯ 1 MAIA 22 УКРАИНА UKRAINE UA 804 085827 ААКРЕ AAKRE 26 ЭСТОНИЯ ESTONIA EE 233 574066 ААПСТА AAPSTA 28 ГРУЗИЯ GEORGIA GE 268 085780 ААРДЛА AARDLA 26 ЭСТОНИЯ ESTONIA EE 233 269116 АБАБКОВО ABABKOVO 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 737139 АБАДАН ABADAN 29 УЗБЕКИСТАН UZBEKISTAN UZ 860 753112 АБАДАН-I ABADAN-I 67 ТУРКМЕНИСТАН TURKMENISTAN TM 795 753108 АБАДАН-II ABADAN-II 67 ТУРКМЕНИСТАН TURKMENISTAN TM 795 535004 АБАДЗЕХСКАЯ ABADZEHSKAIA 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 795736 АБАЕВСКИЙ ABAEVSKII 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 864300 АБАГУР-ЛЕСНОЙ ABAGUR-LESNOI 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 865065 АБАГУРОВСКИЙ (РЗД) ABAGUROVSKII (RZD) 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 699767 АБАИЛ ABAIL 27 КАЗАХСТАН REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN KZ 398 888004 АБАКАН ABAKAN 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 888108 АБАКАН (ПЕРЕВ.) ABAKAN (PEREV.) 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 398904 АБАКЛИЯ ABAKLIIA 23 МОЛДАВИЯ MOLDOVA, REPUBLIC OF MD 498 889401 АБАКУМОВКА (РЗД) ABAKUMOVKA 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 882309 АБАЛАКОВО ABALAKOVO 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 408006 АБАМЕЛИКОВО ABAMELIKOVO 22 УКРАИНА UKRAINE UA 804 571706 АБАША ABASHA 28 ГРУЗИЯ GEORGIA GE 268 887500 АБАЗА ABAZA 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 887406 АБАЗА (ЭКСП.) ABAZA (EKSP.) 20 РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU 643 -
Economic and Social Council
UNITED NATIONS E Economic and Social Distr. GENERAL Council TRANS/SC.1/AC.5/2002/1 28 March 2002 Original: ENGLISH ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE INLAND TRANSPORT COMMITTEE Working Party on Road Transport Ad hoc Meeting on the Implementation of the AGR (Eighteenth session, 10-11 June 2002 agenda item 4) CONSIDERATION OF PROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENTS TO ANNEX 1 OF THE AGR Transmitted by Kazakhstan The Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan, having reviewed the text of the European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries (AGR) in the light of amendments 1-8 to the original text, and also the updated version of the map of the international E road network, wishes to make the following observations. Kazakhstan’s Blueprint for road traffic development outlines six main transit corridors: 1. Tashkent - Shymkent - Taraz - Bishkek - Almaty - Khorgos; 2. Shymkent - Kyzylorda - Aktyubinsk - Uralsk - Samara; 3. Almaty - Karagandy - Astana - Petropavlovsk; 4. Astrakhan - Atyrau - Aktau - Turkmen frontier; 5. Omsk - Pavlodar - Semipalatinsk - Maikapshagai; 6. Astana - Kostanay - Chelyabinsk. GE.02- TRANS/SC.1/AC.5/2002/1 page 2 Accordingly, the following amendments and additions are proposed to annex I to the AGR and the draft map of the international road network: 1. E 40. After Kharkov extend as follows: … Lugansk - Volgograd - Astrakhan - Atyrau - Beineu - Kungrad - Nukus - Bukhara - Nawoy - Samarkand - Dzhizak - Tashkent - Shymkent - Taraz - Bishkek - Almaty - Sary-Ozek - Taldykorgan - Usharal - Taskesken - Ayaguz - Georgievka - Ust-Kamenogorsk - Leninogorsk - Ust-Kan. The Leninogorsk - Ust-Kan section should be indicated on the map. 2. E 38 should be extended to Shymkent. The Kyzylorda - Shymkent section should be assigned a dual number (E 123/E 38). -
Water Resources Lifeblood of the Region
Water Resources Lifeblood of the Region 68 Central Asia Atlas of Natural Resources ater has long been the fundamental helped the region flourish; on the other, water, concern of Central Asia’s air, land, and biodiversity have been degraded. peoples. Few parts of the region are naturally water endowed, In this chapter, major river basins, inland seas, Wand it is unevenly distributed geographically. lakes, and reservoirs of Central Asia are presented. This scarcity has caused people to adapt in both The substantial economic and ecological benefits positive and negative ways. Vast power projects they provide are described, along with the threats and irrigation schemes have diverted most of facing them—and consequently the threats the water flow, transforming terrain, ecology, facing the economies and ecology of the country and even climate. On the one hand, powerful themselves—as a result of human activities. electrical grids and rich agricultural areas have The Amu Darya River in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, with a canal (left) taking water to irrigate cotton fields.Upper right: Irrigation lifeline, Dostyk main canal in Makktaaral Rayon in South Kasakhstan Oblast, Kazakhstan. Lower right: The Charyn River in the Balkhash Lake basin, Kazakhstan. Water Resources 69 55°0'E 75°0'E 70 1:10 000 000 Central AsiaAtlas ofNaturalResources Major River Basins in Central Asia 200100 0 200 N Kilometers RUSSIAN FEDERATION 50°0'N Irty sh im 50°0'N Ish ASTANA N ura a b m Lake Zaisan E U r a KAZAKHSTAN l u s y r a S Lake Balkhash PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC Ili OF CHINA Chui Aral Sea National capital 1 International boundary S y r D a r Rivers and canals y a River basins Lake Caspian Sea BISHKEK Issyk-Kul Amu Darya UZBEKISTAN Balkhash-Alakol 40°0'N ryn KYRGYZ Na Ob-Irtysh TASHKENT REPUBLIC Syr Darya 40°0'N Ural 1 Chui-Talas AZERBAIJAN 2 Zarafshan TURKMENISTAN 2 Boundaries are not necessarily authoritative. -
Investor's Atlas 2006
INVESTOR’S ATLAS 2006 Investor’s ATLAS Contents Akmola Region ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Aktobe Region .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 Almaty Region ............................................................................................................................................................ 12 Atyrau Region .............................................................................................................................................................. 17 Eastern Kazakhstan Region............................................................................................................................................. 20 Karaganda Region ........................................................................................................................................................ 24 Kostanai Region ........................................................................................................................................................... 28 Kyzylorda Region .......................................................................................................................................................... 31 Mangistau Region ........................................................................................................................................................ -
6. Current Status of the Environment
6. Current Status of the Environment 6.1. Natural Environment 6.1.1. Desertification Kazakhstan has more deserts within its territory than any other Central Asian country, and approximately 66% of the national land is vulnerable to desertification in various degrees. Desertification is expanding under the influence of natural and artificial factors, and some people, called “environmental refugees,” are obliged to leave their settlements due to worsened living environments. In addition, the Government of RK (Republic of Kazakhstan) issued an alarm in the “Environmental Security Concept of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2004-2015” that the crisis of desertification is not only confined to Kazakhstan but could raise problems such as border-crossing emigration caused by the rise of sandstorms as well as the transfer of pollutants to distant locations driven by large air masses. (1) Major factors for desertification Desertification is taking place due to the artificial factors listed below as well as climate, topographic and other natural factors. • Accumulated industrial wastes after extraction of mineral resources and construction of roads, pipelines and other structures • Intensive grazing of livestock (overgrazing) • Lack of farming technology • Regulated runoff to rivers • Destruction of forests 1) Extraction of mineral resources Wastes accumulated after extraction of mineral resources have serious effects on the land. Exploration for oil and natural gas requires vast areas of land reaching as much as 17 million hectares for construction of transportation systems, approximately 10 million hectares of which is reportedly suffering ecosystem degradation. 2) Overgrazing Overgrazing is the abuse of pastures by increasing numbers of livestock. In the grazing lands in mountainous areas for example, the area allocated to each sheep for grazing is 0.5 hectares, compared to the typical grazing space of 2 to 4 hectares per sheep. -
Kazakhstan Regulatory and Procedural Barriers to Trade in Kazakhstan
UNECE UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Regulatory and procedural barriers to trade in Kazakhstan Regulatory and procedural barriers to trade in Kazakhstan - Needs Needs Assessment Assessment Information Service United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Palais des Nations UNITED NA CH - 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland Telephone: +41(0)22 917 44 44 Fax: +41(0)22 917 05 05 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unece.org TIONS Printed at United Nations, Geneva GE.14-22004–May 2014–150 UNITED NATIONS ECE/TRADE/407 UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Regulatory and procedural barriers to trade in Kazakhstan Needs Assessment United Nations New York and Geneva, 2014 2 Regulatory and procedural barriers to trade in Kazakhstan Needs Assessment Note The designation employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the ex- pression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers of boundaries. This study is issued in English and Russian. ECE/TRADE/407 Copyright © 2014 United Nations and International Trade Centre All rights reserved Foreword 3 Foreword The International Trade Center (ITC) and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) are pleased to present the needs assessment study of regulatory and procedural barriers to trade in the Republic of Kazakhstan. We would also like to express our appreciation to Kazakhstan’s Centre for Trade Policy Development under the Ministry of Economic Development, which cooperated with both ITC and UNECE in preparing the study. -
Initial Environmental Examination (Draft) Kazakhstan: Urban
Initial Environmental Examination (Draft) Project Number: 51365-001 June 2020 Kazakhstan: Urban Infrastructure Modernization Program – Wastewater Treatment Project Construction of Wastewater Treatment Plant in Zhezkazgan City Prepared by The Kazakhstan Center for Communal Services Modernization and Reform (KazCenter ZhKH) for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. WASTEWATER MODERNISATION PROGRAM OF GOVERNMENT OF KAZAKHSTAN KAZ: “CONSTRUCTION OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN ZHEZKAZGAN CITY” INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION (IEE) (DRAFT) June 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................1 A. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................9 A.1 General ................................................................................................................................9 -
The Life Cycle of Sustainable Eco-Tourism: a Kazakhstan Case Study
Sustainable Tourism VI 39 The life cycle of sustainable eco-tourism: a Kazakhstan case study T. I. Mukhambetov, G. O. Janguttina, U. S. Esaidar, G. R. Myrzakulova & B. T. Imanbekova Almaty Technological University, Kazakhstan Abstract This article is devoted to some theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of sustainable eco-tourism. In the theoretical part of the paper it is noted that in the CIS the term “sustainable tourism” is rarely used and the more common term “Ecotourism” is most familiar. This article analyses the similarities and differences between them as well as other close and related “isms” within the meaning of the definitions: “Moral tourism”, “Nature tourism”, “Green tourism”, “Responsible Tourism”. According to the authors, “Sustainable Tourism” is not a kind of tourism. The characteristics of the listed types of tourism all have certain indicators associated with sustainable tourism. From this perspective, we can talk about eco-tourism as a pillar of sustainable tourism. In the practical part of the paper the authors give a general characterization of tourism in Kazakhstan. It analyses the problems encountered in the formation and development of ecological tourism. Based on a comprehensive analysis it concludes that tourism in Kazakhstan is not developed nor is there the political will to adopt a common organizational approach to the development of sustainable eco-tourism. In the methodological part of the paper, the authors develop the most important aspect – the “life cycle of the tourism product”, particularly its sustainability. The authors demonstrate its features, allocate life cycle stages and discuss the causes and factors contributing to the rate of aging of the product.