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Vessel Transit Lane Near Round Island

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Vessel Transit Lane Near Round Island ITEM D-1(a) APRIL 2013 DRAFT FOR PRELIMINARY REVIEW ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Regulatory Impact Review Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Establishing transit corridors through Walrus Protection Areas at Round Island and Cape Peirce, northern Bristol Bay, Alaska March 14, 2013 Prepared by Steve A. MacLean North Pacific Fishery Management Council 605 W. 4th Avenue, Suite 306 Anchorage, AK 99501 ITEM D-1(a) APRIL 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE................................................................................................ 4 1.1 History of this Action .............................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Purpose and Need .................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Statutory Authority and Relationship of this Action to Federal law .................................. 5 2.0 DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES .......................................................................................... 6 3.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Action area – Existing area closures ...................................................................................... 7 3.1.1 Amendments 13 and 17 – Walrus Protection Areas ..................................................... 7 3.1.2 Amendment 37 – Nearshore Bristol Bay Trawl Closure Area ..................................... 8 3.1.3 Steller sea lion closures ................................................................................................ 9 3.1.4 Amendment 89 Nunivak Island, Etolin Strait, and Kuskokwim Bay closures ........... 10 3.1.5 State of Alaska Closures............................................................................................. 10 3.2 Distribution of Fisheries ....................................................................................................... 11 3.2.1 Herring Fishery .......................................................................................................... 11 3.2.2 Salmon Fishery ........................................................................................................... 13 3.2.3 Halibut Fishery ........................................................................................................... 14 3.2.4 Yellowfin sole Fishery ............................................................................................... 15 3.2.5 Other Vessel Activity ................................................................................................. 16 3.3 Marine Mammals .................................................................................................................. 17 3.3.1 Walrus ........................................................................................................................ 17 3.3.2 Bearded Seals ............................................................................................................. 27 3.3.3 Ringed seals ................................................................................................................ 28 3.3.4 Spotted seals ............................................................................................................... 28 3.3.5 Harbor Seal ................................................................................................................. 29 3.4 Seabirds .................................................................................................................................. 29 3.5 Ecosystem considerations ..................................................................................................... 30 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ................................................................................................... 30 4.1 Marine mammals ................................................................................................................... 31 4.2 Cumulative effects ................................................................................................................. 32 5.0 REGULATORY IMPACT REVIEW ........................................................................................... 33 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 33 5.2 What is a Regulatory Impact Review .................................................................................. 33 5.3 Purpose and need for the action ........................................................................................... 34 5.4 Alternatives considered ......................................................................................................... 34 5.5 Background ............................................................................................................................ 36 5.6 Alternative 1 ........................................................................................................................... 36 5.7 Alternatives 2 and 3 ............................................................................................................... 36 5.8 Net Benefits to the Nation ..................................................................................................... 37 5.9 Enforcement Costs ................................................................................................................ 37 6.0 INITIAL REGULATORY FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS ............................................................. 38 6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 38 Walrus Protection Area Transit Corridors – Preliminary Review, April 2013 2 ITEM D-1(a) APRIL 2013 7.0 FMP AND MAGNUSON-STEVENS ACT CONSIDERATIONS ............................................. 39 8.0 PREPARERS ................................................................................................................................... 39 9.0 AGENCIES AND PERSONS CONSULTED ............................................................................... 39 10.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................ 39 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1 Existing closures and protection measures in northern Bristol Bay. ......................................... 9 Figure 3-2 Walrus Islands State Game Sanctuary includes the land area and adjacent State waters of Round, Crooked, High, and Summit Islands and The Twins and Black Rock (AS 16.20.092) ............................................................................................................... 11 Figure 3-3 Togiak herring fishing districts, Bristol Bay, Alaska. ............................................................. 13 Figure 3-4 Salmon fishing districts in northern Bristol Bay, Alaska. ....................................................... 14 Figure 3-5 International Pacific Halibut Commission statistical areas in northern Bristol Bay. .............. 14 Figure 3-6 Roadstead in Hagemeister Strait. ............................................................................................ 15 Figure 3-7 Distribution and haulout location of Pacific Walrus. .............................................................. 19 Figure 3-8 Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska. .............................................................................. 20 Figure 3-9 Peak walrus counts on Round Island, Alaska 1972–2010. ...................................................... 22 LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1 Yellowfin sole catch (mt) in the Northern Bristol Bay Trawl Area and total Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands catch. ............................................................................................... 16 Table 3-2 Summary of incidental mortality of Pacific walrus due to commercial fisheries from 2002-2006 and estimated mean annual mortality. NE = no estimate. .................................... 24 Table 3-3 Number of anthropogenic disturbance events at Round Island associated with recorded walrus disturbance. ................................................................................................... 26 Table 4-1 Criteria for determining significance of impacts to marine mammals. ................................... 31 Table 5-1 Relevant VMS requirements for vessels in BSAI and GOA groundfish and crab fisheries. .................................................................................................................................. 38 Walrus Protection Area Transit Corridors – Preliminary Review, April 2013 3 ITEM D-1(a) APRIL 2013 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE This document analyzes the potential environmental and economic effects of a proposal to establish transit corridors through the Round Island and Cape Newenham walrus protection areas in northern Bristol Bay, Alaska. The proposed action would establish one or more transit corridors through the walrus protection areas at Round Island and Cape Newenham in order to allow vessels with Federal Fisheries Permits (FFPs) to transit through the areas while tendering for State of Alaska managed herring and salmon fisheries in Togiak Bay, the Cape Peirce and Cape Newenham area, and Security Cove. Previous Council action (Component 9 to GOA FMP Amendment 83) prevents vessels from surrendering their FMP and reapplying
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