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HHE Report No. HETA-99-0321-2873, U.S
NIOSH HEALTH HAZARD EVALUATION REPORT: HETA #99-0321-2873 U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon National Park Grand Canyon, Arizona April 2002 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health PREFACE The Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch (HETAB) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts field investigations of possible health hazards in the workplace. These investigations are conducted under the authority of Section 20(a)(6) of the Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA) Act of 1970, 29 U.S.C. 669(a)(6) which authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services, following a written request from any employer or authorized representative of employees, to determine whether any substance normally found in the place of employment has potentially toxic effects in such concentrations as used or found. HETAB also provides, upon request, technical and consultative assistance to Federal, State, and local agencies; labor; industry; and other groups or individuals to control occupational health hazards and to prevent related trauma and disease. Mention of company names or products does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND AVAILABILITY OF REPORT This report was prepared by Ann Krake, Joel McCullough, and Brad King of HETAB, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies (DSHEFS). Field assistance was provided by Loren Tapp. Desktop publishing was performed by David Butler. Review and preparation for printing were performed by Penny Arthur. The authors would like to thank Sergeant G. Douglas Fritts, United States Air Force, for his loan of the core body temperature monitors and Ms. -
Grand Canyon March 18 – 22, 2004
Grand Canyon March 18 – 22, 2004 Jeff and I left the Fruita-4 place at about 8 AM and tooled west on I-70 to exit 202 at UT-128 near Cisco, Utah. We drove south on UT-128 through the Colorado River canyons to US-191, just north of Moab. We turned south and drove through Moab on US-191 to US-163, past Bluff, Utah. US-163 veers southwest through Monument Valley into Arizona and the little town of Keyenta. At Keyenta we took US-160 west to US-89, then south to AZ-64. We drove west past the fairly spectacular canyons of the Little Colorado River and into the east entrance to Grand Canyon National Park. Jeff had a Parks Pass so we saved $20 and got in for free. Entry included the park information paper, The Guide, which included a park map that was especially detailed around the main tourist center: Grand Canyon Village. Near the village was our pre-hike destination, the Backcountry Office. We stopped at the office and got an update on the required shuttle to the trailhead. We read in The Guide that mule rides into the canyon would not begin until May 23, after we were done with our hike. Satisfied that we had the situation under control we skeedaddled on outta there on US-180, south to I-40 and Williams, Arizona. Jeff had tried his cell phone quite a few times on the trip from Fruita, but no signal. Finally the signal was strong enough in Williams. Jeff noted that Kent had called and returned the call. -
Introduction to Backcountry Hiking
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon National Park Grand Canyon, Arizona Hiking Into Grand Canyon Plan Ahead limits, and avoid spontaneity—Grand Canyon is an extreme Whether a day or overnight trip, hiking into Grand Canyon on environment and overexertion affects everybody at some point. the Bright Angel, North Kaibab, or South Kaibab trails gives an unparalleled experience that changes your perspective. Stay together, follow your plan, and know where you can call 911 with emergencies. Turning around may be your best decision. Knowledge, preparation, and a good plan are your keys to For information about Leave No Trace strategies, hiking tips, success. Be honest about your health and fitness, know your closures, roads, trails, and permits, visit go.nps.gov/grca- backcountry. Warning While Hiking BALANCE FOOD AND WATER Hiking to the river and back in one • Do not force fluids. Drink water when day is not recommended due to you are thirsty, and stop when you are long distance, extreme temperature quenched. Over-hydration may lead to a changes, and an approximately 5,000- life-threatening electrolyte disorder called foot (1,500 m) elevation change each hyponatremia. way. RESTORE YOUR ENERGY If you think you have the fitness and • Eat double your normal intake of expertise to attempt this extremely carbohydrates and salty foods. Calories strenuous hike, please seek the advice play an important role in regulating body of a park ranger at the Backcountry temperature, and hiking suppresses your Information Center. appetite. TAKE CARE OF YOUR BODY Know how to rescue yourself. -
Harvey Butchart's Hiking Log DETAILED HIKING LOGS (January
Harvey Butchart’s Hiking Log DETAILED HIKING LOGS (January 22, 1965 - September 25, 1965) Mile 24.6 and Hot Na Na Wash [January 22, 1965 to January 23, 1965] My guest for this trip, Norvel Johnson, thought we were going for just the day. When I told him it was a two day trip, he brought in his sleeping bag, but since he had no knapsack, we decided to sleep at the Jeep. The idea was to see Hot Na Na from the rim on Friday and then go down it as far as possible on Saturday. We thought we were following the Tanner Wash Quad map carefully when we left the highway a little to the north of the middle of the bay formed by Curve Wash in the Echo Cliffs. What we didn't realize is that there is another turnoff only a quarter of a mile north of the one we used. This is the way we came out of the hinterland on Saturday. Our exit is marked by a large pile of rocks and it gives a more direct access to all the country we were interested in seeing. The way we went in goes west, south, and north and we got thoroughly confused before we headed toward the rim of Marble Canyon. The track we followed goes considerably past the end of the road which we finally identified as the one that is one and a half miles north of Pine Reservoir. It ended near a dam. We entered the draw beyond the dam and after looking down at the Colorado River, decided that we were on the north side of the bay at Mile 24.6. -
North Kaibab Trail
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park Arizona North Kaibab Trail The North Kaibab Trail is the least visited but most difficult of the three maintained trails at Grand Canyon National Park. Almost a thousand feet higher at the trailhead than South Rim trails, hikers on the North Kaibab Trail pass through every ecosystem to be found between Canada and Mexico. At the rim, hikers will glimpse the vast maw of Bright Angel Canyon through fir trees and aspen, ferns and wildflowers. The trail as it descends through the Redwall Limestone is blasted directly into the cliff, "literally hewn from solid rock in half-tunnel sections." Farther down, the ecology progresses so that hikers look up at the surrounding canyon walls through a blend of riparian and desert vegetation. Along the way, Roaring Springs and Ribbon Falls both offer rewarding side trips that are wonderfully juxtaposed to the often hot conditions of the main trail. Built throughout the 1920s to match the quality and grade of the South Kaibab Trail, the present-day North Kaibab Trail replaced an older route infamous for crossing Bright Angel Creek 94 times (the present-day trail crosses only 6 times). Even though it is masterfully constructed and is a maintained trail, don't be deceived by the apparent ease and convenience of hiking it; from beginning to end, the North Kaibab Trail has its challenges. Locations/Elevations Mileages North Kaibab trailhead (8241 ft / 2512 m) to Supai Tunnel (6800 ft / 2073 m): 1.7 mi ( 2.5 km) Supai -
S 2
13 00 +J ^ .S 2 *c3 -3 - '£ w 2 S PQ <$ H Grand Canyon hiking is the reverse of moun tain climbing. First the descent, then the climb out, when one is tired — (exhausted). When you hike down into Grand Canyon you are entering a desert area where shade and water are scarce and where summer temperatures often exceed 41 C (105 F) and drop below freezing in winter. PLAN AHEAD! Allow at least 3 km (2 mi) per hour to descend and 21/2 km MVimi) per hour to ascend. ARE WE THERE YET ? ? DISTANCES: FROM BRIGHT ANGEL TRAILHEAD TO: Indian Gardens 7.4 km (4.6 mi) Colorado River 12.5 km (7.8 mi) Bright Angel Camp 14.9 km (9.3 mi) FROM SOUTH KAIBAB TRAILHEAD TO: Cedar Ridge 2.4 km (1.5 mi) Tonto Trail Junct. 7.1 km (4.4 mi) Bright Angel Camp 10.8 km (6.4 mi) FROM BRIGHT ANGEL CAMP AT RIVER TO: Ribbon Falls 9.3 km ( 5.8 mi) Cottonwood 11.7 km ( 7.3 mi) Roaring Springs 15.3 km ( 9.5 mi) North KaibabTrailhead 22.8 km (14.2 mi) FROM INDIAN GARDENS CAMP TO: Bright Angel Camp 7.5 km (4.7 mi) Plateau Point 2.4 km (1.5 mi) S. Kaibab Trail 6.6 km (4.1 mi) Junct. via Tonto Trail ELEVATIONS Bright Angel Lodge, South Rim 2091M (6860 ft) Yaki Point 2213M (7260 ft) Indian Gardens 1160M (3800 ft) Plateau Point 1150M (3760 ft) Bright Angel Camp 730M (2400 ft) Cottonwood 1220M (4000 ft) Roaring Springs 1580M (5200 ft) N. -
South Kaibab Trail, Grand Canyon
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park Arizona South Kaibab Trail Hikers seeking panoramic views unparalleled on any other trail at Grand Canyon will want to consider a hike down the South Kaibab Trail. It is the only trail at Grand Canyon National Park that so dramatically holds true to a ridgeline descent. But this exhilarating sense of exposure to the vastness of the canyon comes at a cost: there is little shade and no water for the length of this trail. During winter months, the constant sun exposure is likely to keep most of the trail relatively free of ice and snow. For those who insist on hiking during summer months, which is not recommended in general, this trail is the quickest way to the bottom (it has been described as "a trail in a hurry to get to the river"), but due to lack of any water sources, ascending the trail can be a dangerous proposition. The South Kaibab Trail is a modern route, having been constructed as a means by which park visitors could bypass Ralph Cameron's Bright Angel Trail. Cameron, who owned the Bright Angel Trail and charged a toll to those using it, fought dozens of legal battles over several decades to maintain his personal business rights. These legal battles inspired the Santa Fe Railroad to build its own alternative trail, the Hermit Trail, beginning in 1911 before the National Park Service went on to build the South Kaibab Trail beginning in 1924. In this way, Cameron inadvertently contributed much to the greater network of trails currently available for use by canyon visitors. -
Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park Arizona Page Title South Rim: May 24–September 7, 2009 Also Available in Deutsch, Español, Français, the Guide Italiano,
SPRING 2008 VISITOR’S GUIDE 1 National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park Arizona Page Title South Rim: May 24–September 7, 2009 Also available in Deutsch, Español, Français, The Guide Italiano, , NPS photo by Michael Quinn Welcome to Grand Canyon National Park Construction Ahead! Drive Cautiously. Look inside for The Grand Canyon we visit today is a gift from past generations. Take time to Road construction in the Mather Point – Canyon View Information Plaza area information on: enjoy this gift. Sit and watch the changing play of light and shadows. Wander continues throughout the summer. When the project is completed this fall, the Maps ............10–11,17,20 along a trail and feel the sunshine and wind on your face. Follow the antics of road will skirt the south side of Canyon View Information Plaza and additional Ranger Programs...........2–4 the ravens soaring above the rim. Can you hear the river roaring in the gorge far parking will provide easy access to the visitor center and rim. See additional below? We must ensure that future generations have the opportunity to form information on this project on page 9. Information Centers ......... 7 connections with this inspiring landscape. Drive slowly and obey all construction zone signs and flaggers. Sunrise & Sunset Times ....... 7 A few suggestions may make your visit more rewarding. The information in this Geology ................... 8 publication will answer many of your questions about the South Rim. Stop by Stop in One of the Visitor Centers Hiking..................16–17 a visitor center and talk with a ranger. -
North Rim 2005
National Park Service Grand Canyon U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon National Park Arizona North Rim: 2006 Season The Guide Also available in Français, Deutsch, Espan˜ ol, Italiano, Mountain Celebrate Life’s Diversity Standard Time The North Rim is a celebration of Fire is a key for healthy ponderosa the diversity of life found within pine forests. Low-intensity fires Grand Canyon National Park. The burn debris on the forest floor and lush, green meadows and forests return nutrients to forest soils pro- What Time Is It? of the Kaibab Plateau provide moting new growth. Evidence of Arizona remains on Mountain lessons on survival, renewal, and recent fires is visible on the North Standard Time (MST) year- solitude in wildness. Rim. In areas touched by fire, round. Daylight Savings Time is aspen seedlings push their way not observed, except on the The isolation of the North Rim through the darkened earth. The Navajo Reservation. has created a home for unique new growth attracts wildlife, and plants and animals. The shy the forest cycle continues. Kaibab squirrel, an example of evolutionary change through The highest elevations on the geographic isolation, is easily Kaibab Plateau, between 8,000 and identified by its charcoal-gray 9,100 feet (2,440–2,770 m), are body, distinct tufts of fur on the home to a community similar to tips of the ears, and its pure white the boreal forests of northern Meadows dot the Kaibab Plateau. NPS photo North Rim Map on tail. Its close relative, the Abert Canada. Spruce and fir found in page 8 squirrel, inhabits the South Rim this environment add to the diver- meadows thick with wildflowers an awe-inspiring view. -
Bright Angel Trail
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon Grand Canyon National Park Arizona Bright Angel Trail The Bright Angel Trail is considered the park’s premier hiking trail. Well maintained, graded for stock, with regular drinking water and covered rest-houses, it is without question the safest trail in Grand Canyon National Park. There is a ranger station located at the trail’s halfway point (Indian Garden) and one at the bottom of the canyon (Bright Angel Campground). Visitors hiking for the first time at Grand Canyon often use this trail in conjunction with the South Kaibab Trail. Particularly during hot weather, it makes sense to ascend via the Bright Angel Trail because of potable water, regular shade and emergency phones. Following a natural break in the cliffs formed by the massive Bright Angel Fault, today’s Bright Angel Trail approximates a route used for millennia by the many Native American groups that have called the Grand Canyon home. Early western pioneers at the canyon first built a trail in 1891 to reach mining claims established below the rim at Indian Garden. Recognizing that the true worth of the claims would be measured in visitation by tourists, these pioneers immediately registered their trail as a toll road and extended the trail to the river. The mining claims and use of the trail as a toll road would be the source of much controversy, first in legal battles with railroad companies that wanted to control tourism and later with the federal government. The trail was turned over to the National Park Service in 1928. -
Pocket Map South Rim Services Guide Grand Canyon
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Grand Canyon National Park Grand Canyon, Arizona Introduction to Backcountry Hiking Whether a day or overnight trip, hiking into Grand Canyon via Stay together, follow your plan, and know where and how to seek the Bright Angel, North Kaibab, or South Kaibab trails gives an help (call 911). Turning around may be the best decision. unparalleled experience that changes your perspective. For more information about Leave No Trace strategies, hiking Knowledge, preparation, and a good plan are all keys to tips, closures, roads, trails, and permits, visit go.nps.gov/grca- success. Be honest about your health and fitness, know your backcountry. limits, and avoid spontaneity—Grand Canyon is an extreme environment! Before You Go 10 Essentials for Your Day Pack • Each trail offers a unique opportunity to 1. WATER 6. SUN PROTECTION exprience Grand Canyon. Choose the Pack at least two liters of water depending Sunscreen, wide-brimmed hat, and appropropriate trail for your abilities. on hike intensity and duration. Always sunglasses. Consider walking the Rim Trail for an bring a water treatment method in case of easier experience. pipeline breaks or repair work. 7. COMMUNICATION Yelling, a whistle, signal mirrors, and cell • Check the weather forecast and adjust 2. FOOD phones—while service is limited, phones plans, especially to avoid summer heat. Salty snacks and high-calorie meal(s). can be helpful. Remember the weather can change suddenly. 3. FIRST AID KIT 8. EMERGENCY SHELTER A lightweight tarp provides shade and • Leave your itinerary with family or friends Include prescription medications, blister shelter. -
Xanterra's Philanthropy
® ® Xanterra Parks & Resorts Parks Xanterra 2017 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2017 SUSTAINABILITY OUR SOFTER FOOTPRINT OUR XANTERRA� 2017 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2 | OUR SOFTER FOOTPRINT INTRODUCTION A MESSAGE FROM Philip F. Anschutz When The Anschutz Corporation acquired Xanterra Parks & Resorts® in 2008, the company’s stewardship of national parks and long-established commitment to conservation were an important part of our decision. Since that time, Xanterra has continued to perform admirably, with many award- winning environmental programs and a pioneering, entrepreneurial approach to the new frontier of renewable energy and LEED-certified (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) buildings. This 2017 report highlights some of the best of Xanterra’s programs and initiatives. In order to truly understand Xanterra’s commitment to preservation, efficiency, and pragmatic solutions, I invite you to come experience some of Xanterra’s many properties and adventures in the most beautiful places on Earth. Crater Lake XANTERRA | 1 Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 A Message from Philip F. Anschutz 4 A Message from the CEO 6 Welcome 7 Our Company Mission 8 Our Softer Footprint Vision 9 2025 Goals 10 Our Assets 12 LIVING OUR SOFTER FOOTPRINT 13 Facing Our Future 14 Stories from the Field 26 By the Numbers 40 GIVING BACK 42 Xanterra’s Philanthropy 46 CELEBRATING OUR WORK 48 Awards, Certifications & Memberships Mules and riders heading down the Bright Angel Trail in the Grand Canyon Mount Rushmore National Memorial WELCOME! A Message from the CEO Since our last report, the world and achieving our ambitious 2025 Goals, our company have experienced a the company continues to modernize considerable amount of change.