Дослідження Перспектив В Технології Iptv В Україні» Виконав: Студент Iv Курсу, Групи Дв-61 (Шифр Групи)
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How I Came up with the Discrete Cosine Transform Nasir Ahmed Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
mxT*L. BImL4L. PRocEsSlNG 1,4-5 (1991) How I Came Up with the Discrete Cosine Transform Nasir Ahmed Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 During the late sixties and early seventies, there to study a “cosine transform” using Chebyshev poly- was a great deal of research activity related to digital nomials of the form orthogonal transforms and their use for image data compression. As such, there were a large number of T,(m) = (l/N)‘/“, m = 1, 2, . , N transforms being introduced with claims of better per- formance relative to others transforms. Such compari- em- lh) h = 1 2 N T,(m) = (2/N)‘%os 2N t ,...) . sons were typically made on a qualitative basis, by viewing a set of “standard” images that had been sub- jected to data compression using transform coding The motivation for looking into such “cosine func- techniques. At the same time, a number of researchers tions” was that they closely resembled KLT basis were doing some excellent work on making compari- functions for a range of values of the correlation coef- sons on a quantitative basis. In particular, researchers ficient p (in the covariance matrix). Further, this at the University of Southern California’s Image Pro- range of values for p was relevant to image data per- cessing Institute (Bill Pratt, Harry Andrews, Ali Ha- taining to a variety of applications. bibi, and others) and the University of California at Much to my disappointment, NSF did not fund the Los Angeles (Judea Pearl) played a key role. -
Digital Video in Multimedia Pdf
Digital video in multimedia pdf Continue Digital Electronic Representation of Moving Visual Images This article is about the digital methods applied to video. The standard digital video storage format can be viewed on DV. For other purposes, see Digital Video (disambiguation). Digital video is an electronic representation of moving visual images (video) in the form of coded digital data. This contrasts with analog video, which is a moving visual image with analog signals. Digital video includes a series of digital images displayed in quick succession. Digital video was first commercially introduced in 1986 in Sony D1 format, which recorded a non-repressive standard digital video definition component. In addition to uncompressed formats, today's popular compressed digital video formats include H.264 and MPEG-4. Modern interconnect standards for digital video include HDMI, DisplayPort, Digital Visual Interface (DVI) and Serial Digital Interface (SDI). Digital video can be copied without compromising quality. In contrast, when analog sources are copied, they experience loss of generation. Digital video can be stored in digital media, such as Blu-ray Disc, in computer data storage, or transmitted over the Internet to end users who watch content on a desktop or digital smart TV screen. In everyday practice, digital video content, such as TV shows and movies, also includes a digital audio soundtrack. History Digital Video Cameras Additional Information: Digital Cinematography, Image Sensor, and Video Camera Base for Digital Video Cameras are metallic oxide-semiconductor (MOS) image sensors. The first practical semiconductor image sensor was a charging device (CCD) invented in 1969 using MOS capacitor technology. -
QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of Access Technologies for Broadband Communications
International Telecommunication Union QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of access technologies for broadband communications ITU-D STUDY GROUP 2 3rd STUDY PERIOD (2002-2006) Report on broadband access technologies eport on broadband access technologies QUESTION 20-1/2 R International Telecommunication Union ITU-D THE STUDY GROUPS OF ITU-D The ITU-D Study Groups were set up in accordance with Resolutions 2 of the World Tele- communication Development Conference (WTDC) held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1994. For the period 2002-2006, Study Group 1 is entrusted with the study of seven Questions in the field of telecommunication development strategies and policies. Study Group 2 is entrusted with the study of eleven Questions in the field of development and management of telecommunication services and networks. For this period, in order to respond as quickly as possible to the concerns of developing countries, instead of being approved during the WTDC, the output of each Question is published as and when it is ready. For further information: Please contact Ms Alessandra PILERI Telecommunication Development Bureau (BDT) ITU Place des Nations CH-1211 GENEVA 20 Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 6698 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 E-mail: [email protected] Free download: www.itu.int/ITU-D/study_groups/index.html Electronic Bookshop of ITU: www.itu.int/publications © ITU 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. International Telecommunication Union QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of access technologies for broadband communications ITU-D STUDY GROUP 2 3rd STUDY PERIOD (2002-2006) Report on broadband access technologies DISCLAIMER This report has been prepared by many volunteers from different Administrations and companies. -
Watermarked Image Compression and Transmission Through Digital Communication System
International Journal of Electronics, Communication & Instrumentation Engineering Research and Development (IJECIERD) ISSN 2249-684X Vol. 3, Issue 1, Mar 2013, 97-104 © TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. WATERMARKED IMAGE COMPRESSION AND TRANSMISSION THROUGH DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM M. VENU GOPALA RAO 1, N. NAGA SWETHA 2, B. KARTHIK 3, D. JAGADEESH PRASAD 4 & K. ABHILASH 5 1Professor, Department of ECE, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India 2,3,4,5 Student, Department of ECE, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India ABSTRACT This paper presents a process able to mark digital images with an invisible and undetectable secrete information, called the watermark, followed by compression of the watermarked image and transmitting through a digital communication system. This process can be the basis of a complete copyright protection system. Digital water marking is a feasible method for the protection of ownership rights of digital media such as audio, image, video and other data types. The application includes digital signatures, fingerprinting, broadcast and publication monitoring, copy control, authentication, and secret communication. For the efficient transmission of an image across a channel, source coding in the form of image compression at the transmitter side & the image recovery at the receiver side are the integral process involved in any digital communication system. Other processes like channel encoding, signal modulation at the transmitter side & their corresponding inverse processes at the receiver side along with the channel equalization help greatly in minimizing the bit error rate due to the effect of noise & bandwidth limitations (or the channel capacity) of the channel. The results shows that the effectiveness of the proposed system for retrieving the secret data without any distortion. -
Digital Trenches
Martyn Williams H R N K Attack Mirae Wi-Fi Family Medicine Healthy Food Korean Basics Handbook Medicinal Recipes Picture Memory I Can Be My Travel Weather 2.0 Matching Competition Gifted Too Companion ! Agricultural Stone Magnolia Escpe from Mount Baekdu Weather Remover ERRORTelevision the Labyrinth Series 1.25 Foreign apps not permitted. Report to your nearest inminban leader. Business Number Practical App Store E-Bookstore Apps Tower Beauty Skills 2.0 Chosun Great Chosun Global News KCNA Battle of Cuisine Dictionary of Wisdom Terms DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive Copyright © 2019 Committee for Human Rights in North Korea Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior permission of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea 1001 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 435 Washington, DC 20036 P: (202) 499-7970 www.hrnk.org Print ISBN: 978-0-9995358-7-5 Digital ISBN: 978-0-9995358-8-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019919723 Cover translations by Julie Kim, HRNK Research Intern. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Gordon Flake, Co-Chair Katrina Lantos Swett, Co-Chair John Despres, -
Current Affairs in North Korea, 2010-2017: a Collection of Research Notes
235 Current Affairs in North Korea, 2010-2017: A Collection of Research Notes Rudiger Frank Abstract Starting with the public introduction of Kim Jong-un to the public in autumn of 2010 and ending with observations of consumerism in February 2017, this collection of 16 short research notes that were originally published at 38North discusses some of the most crucial issues, aside from the nuclear problem, that dominated the field of North Korean Studies in the past decade. Left in their original form, these short articles show the consistency of major North Korean policies as much as the development of our understanding of the new leader and his approach. Topics covered include the question of succession, economic statistics, new ideological trends such as pyŏngjin, techno- logical developments including a review of the North Korean tablet computer Samjiyŏn, the Korean unification issue, special economic zones, foreign trade, parliamentary elections and the first ever Party congress since 1980. Keywords: North Korea, DPRK, 38North Frank, Rudiger. “Current Affairs in North Korea, 2010-2017: A Collection of Research Notes” In Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies, Volume 9, eds. Rudiger Frank, Ina Hein, Lukas Pokorny, and Agnes Schick-Chen. Vienna: Praesens Verlag, 2017, pp. 235–350. https://doi.org/10.2478/vjeas-2017-0008 236 Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies Hu Jintao, Deng Xiaoping or another Mao Zedong? Power Restruc- turing in North Korea Date of original publication: 5 October 2010 URL: http://38north.org/2010/10/1451 “Finally,” one is tempted to say. The years of speculation and half-baked news from dubious sources are over. -
Asia-Pacific Yearbook 2014
Asia-Pacific Yearbook 2014 2200 people 24 offices 17 markets The premier global non-profit trade association representing all players in the mobile marketing value chain CREDITS Rohit Dadwal, Managing Director, MMA Asia Pacific Jasveen Kaur, Senior Regional Membership & Marketing Manager, MMA Asia Pacific Ammita M, Consultant, Strategic Projects, MMA Asia Pacific Tam Phan Bich, Country Manager, MMA Vietnam LE Thi Ngoc Yen, Assistant to Country Manager Vietnam, MMA Vietnam Amanda Guan, Membership Manager, MMA China Maggie Qin, Marketing Manager, MMA China Madanmohan Rao, Yearbook Editor First published 2014 Copyright © 2014 Mobile Marketing Association Published by Mobile Marketing Association APAC Headquarters E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.mmaglobal.com All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. Designed and produced by Reality Premedia Services Pvt. Ltd. MMA Asia-Pacific Yearbook, 2014 Foreword ...............................................................................4 Mobile Marketing and Content Consumption ....................................50 Welcome Letter ....................................................................5 Making Magic in the Moment: How Symbiosis Drives Mobile Ecosystems .......................................54 Executive Summary ..............................................................6 -
INTERIM Bual Repo#R
.* L, '. .. .. ." r . INTERIM BuAL REpo#r I B.W. J319Es (NASA-CE- 166225) S'IOCY OF CCCL~Jb?CBIICNS N83- !777!, 1AI.P CCHFRFSSICI EE11C3S Interin Einal ReFCrt (COY-COCE, Ioc,, EIountain View, Calif.) 267 p HC A I;/!IF AOI CSCL I7E !llnclas i G3/32 32908 Prepared for MAAMfE RESEARCH CEIWEIi MOF'FETT FEU), CALIFOFNU, 94035 NASA TECHNICAL MONITOR Larry B. Hofman COM-CODE, INC. 305 EASY ST. NO.9 IQN. VlEW I CALIFORNIA 94043 - .. , .. SECTION A SUMMARY REPQRT SECTION B VIDEO CCMPFESSION SECTION C LANDSAT IMAGE PRCCESSING SECTION D SATELLITE CaMEINNICATIONS f L SEXTION A SUMMARY REPORT This section provides a brief suaunary report of the work accolnplished under the "Study of Communications .Data Compression Methods", under NASA contract NAS 2-9703. The results are fully explained in subsequent sections on video canpression, Landsat image processipa, and satellite commnications . The first task of contract NAS 2-9703 was to extend a simple monochrome conditional replenishment system to higher compression and to higher motion levels, by incorporating spatially adaptive quantizers and field repeating. Conditional replenishment combines intraframe and interframe compression, and bath areas were to be investigated. The gain of conditional replenishment depends on the fraction of the image changing, since only changed parts of the image need to be transmitted. If the transmission rate is set so that only one-fourth of the image can be transmitted in each field, greater change fractions will overload the system. To accomplish task I, a computer simulation was prepared which incorporated 1) field repeat of changes, 2) a variable change threshold, 3) frame repeat for high change, and 4) two mcde, variable rate Hadamard intraframe quantizers. -
Analytical Links in the Tasks of Digital Content Compression
Analytical Links in the Tasks of Digital Content Compression Olena Kolganova 1[0000-0002-1301-9611], Viktoriia Kravchenko 1[0000-0003-0399-7013], Lidiia Tereshchenko 1[0000-0001-8183-9016], Volodymyr Shutko 1[0000-0002-9761-5583] and Mykola Shutko 1[0000-0002-3531-7724], Yevhen Vasiliu 2[0000-0002-8582-285X] 1 National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine 2 O.S.Popov Odessa National Academy of Telecommunication, Odessa, Ukraine [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. The article is devoted to the development of a digital image compres- sion algorithm. Image compression is a type of data compression applied to dig- ital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data. We will consider a lossy compression algorithm. The new algorithm is based on multiscale decomposition with a spline as a basis function. In the process of multiscale analysis, when constructing a spline, we should take into account analytical links. The application of this approach give an increase in the com- pression ratio with the same quality of compressed images. Keywords: Digital Image Compression, Analytical Links, Hermitian Spline, Multiscale Analysis. 1 Introduction Multimedia standards for video compression for personalized television, high defini- tion digital television (HDTV), and image / video database maintenance use close motion and encoding methods. Three basic standards - MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 were developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), under the auspices of the ISO and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (was renamed the International Telegraph Union (ITU). -
District Ramban JSSK Mother Beneficiary List, April-Sept. 2015 Name of the Date of Name of the Name of the Complete Telephone Institution Where S NO
District Ramban_JSSK Mother Beneficiary List, April-Sept. 2015 Name of the Date of Name of the Name of the Complete Telephone Institution where S NO. Husband's Name Delivery/ Block Beneficiary Address Number delivery took Refferal place. 1 Banihal Heena Begum Mohd Aslam Ramban 9797444452 CHC Banihal 20-03-2015 2 Banihal shahida Begum Mohd Ashraf Khari 9858667697 CHC Banihal 21-03-2015 3 Banihal Fatima Begum Jamal Din Kawana 9086360643 CHC Banihal 22-03-2015 4 Banihal Soniya Begum Babloo chinargali 9697168596 CHC Banihal 22-03-2015 5 Banihal Nizara Bgum Nisar ahmed chapnari 9697102667 CHC Banihal 22-03-2015 6 Banihal Kulsuma Begum Gh.Nabi Hinjhal 9858936084 CHC Banihal 22-03-2015 7 Banihal Ulfat Bgum Nazir Ahmed Asher NA CHC Banihal 23-03-2015 8 Banihal Zaitoona Begum Bashir Ahmed Amkoot 9697141572 CHC Banihal 23-03-2015 9 Banihal Rehana Begum Bashir Ahmed Chachal 9596931659 CHC Banihal 24-03-2015 10 Banihal Hafeeza Begum Shabir ahmed chacknarwa 9858003465 CHC Banihal 24-03-2015 11 Banihal Kulsuma Begum Mushtaq ahmed Mandakbass 9622392891 CHC Banihal 24-03-2015 12 Banihal shamshada Ab.Rashid Hingni 9906478060 CHC Banihal 24-03-2015 13 Banihal shakeela Begum Mohd Amin Fagoo 9697289173 CHC Banihal 24-03-2015 14 Banihal Maneera Begum Fayaz ahmed Zanchous 9858138106 CHC Banihal 25-03-2015 15 Banihal Parveena Begum Javeed Ahmed Ramban 9596834792 CHC Banihal 25-03-2015 16 Banihal Bareena Begum Mohd Farooq shabanbass 9906207401 CHC Banihal 25-03-2015 17 Banihal Zeena begum Bashir Ahmed chachal 9858589273 CHC Banihal 27-03-2015 18 Banihal Suriya -
The State of Broadband 2020: Tackling Digital Inequalities a Decade for Action
The State of Broadband: Tackling digital inequalities A decade for action September 2020 The State of Broadband 2020: Tackling digital inequalities A decade for action September 2020 © International Telecommunication Union and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2020 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https:// creativecommons .org/ licenses/ by -nc -sa/ 3 .0/ igo). Under the terms of this license, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that ITU or UNESCO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The unauthorized use of the ITU or UNESCO names or logos is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons license. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) or the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Neither ITU nor UNESCO are responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the license shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http:// www .wipo .int/ amc/ en/ mediation/ rules). Suggested citation. State of Broadband Report 2020: Geneva: International Telecommunication Union and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2020. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 8,942,977 B2 Chen (45) Date of Patent: Jan
US008942977B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent N0.: US 8,942,977 B2 Chen (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 27, 2015 (54) SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SPEECH (56) References Cited RECOGNITION USING U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS PITCH-SYNCHRONOUS SPECTRAL PARAMETERS 5,917,738 A * 6/1999 Pan ............................. .. 708/403 6,311,158 B1* 10/2001 Laroche .. 704/269 (71) Applicant: Chengiun Julian Chen, White Plains, 6,470,311 B1* 10/2002 Moncur .... .. 704/208 NY (U S) H2172 H * 9/2006 Staelin et a1. ............... .. 704/207 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Inventor: Chengiun Julian Chen, White Plains, (72) Hess, Wolfgang. “A pitch-synchronous digital feature extraction sys NY (U S) tem for phonemic recognition of speech.” Acoustics, Speech and Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on 24.1 (1976): 14-25.* (*) Mandyam, Giridhar, Nasir Ahmed, and Neeraj Magotra. “Applica patent is extended or adjusted under 35 tion of the discrete Laguerre transform to speech coding.” Asilomar U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE Computer Society, 1995* (21) Appl. No.: 14/216,684 Legat, Milan, J. Matousek, and Daniel Tihelka. “On the detection of pitch marks using a robust multi-phase algorithm.” Speech Commu (22) Filed: Mar. 17, 2014 nication 53.4 (2011): 552-566.* Wikipedia entry for tonal languages (Dec. 15, 2011).* (65) Prior Publication Data * cited by examiner US 2014/0200889 A1 Jul. 17,2014 Primary Examiner * Vincent P Harper (57) ABSTRACT Related US. Application Data The present invention de?nes a pitch- synchronous parametri Continuation-in-part of application No.