THE PALESTINE QUESTION Pgs. 19, 20

A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES OCTOBER 28, 1988 • $L50 Michael Dukakis For President How Much Difference Will a Democratic Administration Make? Let Us Count the Ways (Page 3)

PLUS The Observer's Endorsements in Judicial, Senate and House Races

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BILL ALBRECHT -,..•- FOE . — •,' -;.:,, _. _. tii,■?.—.. -T..i VI" - - 44:10, DIALOGUE —41 u e

t.• i911- '1j 1-7111 - Remembering according to the unabridged 2nd edition of , THE TEXAS Fr dib Mrs. Rosengren Webster's New Twentieth Century Dictionary of the English Language (1959). 1 411 server Thank you and Geoffrey Rips for the tribute Of more importance is the fact that a gross to Florence Rosengren (TO, 9/16/88). The injustice, to put it mildly, is being done to A JOURNAL OF FREE VOICES world may never be the way Rosengren's a relatively defenseless people, the We will serve no group or party but will hew hard to Bookstore was, but the existence of such Palestinians, with the financial backing the truth as we find it and the right as we see it. We a place "radiating understanding, order, and coming from each U.S. taxpayer. (I are dedicated to the whole truth, to human values above all interests, to the rights of humankind as the ferment all at the same time" was one of volunteered for the Army in World War II, foundation of democracy; we will take orders from the signs of hope that the world might serving in North Africa and Europe, because none but our own conscience, and never will we over- become so. I opposed atrocities imposed on the Jews look or misrepresent the truth to serve the interests of Milton S. Jordan by Hitler.) the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the human spirit. Writers are responsible for their own work, but not Jefferson William V. Kelly for anything they have not themselves written, and in Austin publishing them we do not necessarily imply that we Cool Toward agree with them because this is a journal of free voices. China Laughed Off SINCE 1954 the Earth I was a happy, unthinking liberal until I read Publisher: Ronnie Dugger Editor: Dave Denison Tom McClellan's piece, "Liberalism: Let's I am amazed that a reader of the Observer Associate Editor: Louis Dubose Get Over It" (TO, 9/30/88). Now I see that (letter, David Dow, Houston, 30 September Editorial Intern: Gregg Watkins I have been shallow, elitist, ineffectual, and, 1988) would be so naive as to cite Joan Calendar: Elisa Lyles worst of all, racist. I don't want to be these Peters's From Time Immemorial on any Washington Correspondent: Richard Ryan Contributing Writers: Bill Adler, Betty Brink, things, but what can I do? Where can I go? question pertaining to Israel. Doesn't he Warren Burnett, Jo Clifton, John Henry Faulk, Tom has destroyed my illusions, broken know that the book has been laughed off Terry FitzPatrick, Gregg Franzwa, Bill Helmer, through my shell, and now doesn't he have the face of the scholarly earth by everyone, James Harrington, Amy Johnson, Michael King, a responsibility to put me back together? including the Jewish scholars in Israel who Mary Lenz, Dana Loy, Tom McClellan, Greg Moses, Rick Piltz, Gary Pomerantz, John He seems to be suggesting that I go to China have reviewed it? We may safely say that Schwartz, Michael Ventura, Lawrence Walsh or get a cat that catches mice. I don't want any person who cites such a tome is quite Editorial Advisory Board: Frances Barton, to do either of those things. Please advise. uninformed on the subject and his opinions Austin; Elroy Bode, Kerrville; Chandler Walter Ligon do not merit serious consideration. Davidson, Houston; Bob Eckhardt, Washington, D.C.; Sissy Farenthold, Houston; Ruperto Garcia, Kingsland To paraphrase the unfortunate Dow, isn't Austin; John Kenneth Galbraith, Cambridge, it the editor's job to keep people from Mass.; Lawrence Goodwyn, Durham, N.C.; Not So Blind embarrassing themselves in your columns? George Hendrick, Urbana, Ill.; Molly Ivins, Dennis K. McDaniel Austin; Larry L. King, Washington, D.C.; Maury Maverick, Jr., San Antonio; Willie Morris, Would you please tell the angry Tom Washington, D. C. Oxford, Miss.; Kaye Northcott, Austin; James McClellan that "liberals," as I understand Presley, Texarkana; Susan Reid, Austin; Geoffrey them, are not so blind to racial equality as Israel's Rips, Austin; A.R. (Babe) Schwartz, Galveston; he implies; furthermore, a liberal opposes Fred Schmidt, Fredericksburg; Robert Sherrill, Moral Blotch Tallahassee, Fla. Contra-aid, excesses associated to so-called defense, destruction of our environment, a My fellow TO fans obviously include many Layout and Design: Layne Jackson right of choice for pregnant women, the who are passionately ready to speak up for Typesetter: Becky Willard Contributing Photographers: Vic Hinterlang, Bill necessity of First Amendment defense, and Israel. I urge them to recognize that support Leissner, Alan Pogue. vigilance in the search for truth and justice. for Israel does not require concealing Contributing Artists: Eric Avery, Tom Ballenger, Helen R. Cleaves unsavory parts of Israeli history nor should Richard Bartholomew, Jeff Danziger, Beth Houston it inhibit criticism of the brutal policies of Epstein, Dan Hubig, Pat Johnson, Kevin Kreneck, Carlos Lowry, Ben Sargent, Dan Thibodeau, Gail the present Government. Woods. Semites and The passage of 40 years and the growth of the Israeli and Palestinian populations has Managing Publisher: Cliff Olofson Semitism (cont'd) Subscription Manager: Stefan Wanstrom made it very unlikely that there will be any Publishing Assistant: Joe Espinosa Jr. Regarding the response (TO, 9/30/88) to my substantial Palestinian repatriation, but the Development Consultant: Frances Barton letter (TO, 9/2/88) on racism and anti- moral blotch remains. Civilians who flee

THE TEXAS OBSERVER (ISSN 0040-4519) is published biweekly except Semitism, I'd like to remark, without going areas of fighting are entitled by world law for a three-week interval between issues in January and July (25 issues per and common decency, now specifically by year). Copyright 1988 © by the Texas Observer Publishing Co., 307 West any further, that the word Semite refers to 7th Street, Austin, Texas 78701. Telephone: (512) 477-0746. Second class "a member of any of the peoples whose the Geneva Convention, to return to their postage paid at Austin. Texas. language is Semitic, including Hebrews, homes. POSTMASTER: Send form 3579 to P.O. Box 49019, Austin. Texas 78765 • Arabs, Assyrians, Phoenicians, The excuse that refugees were not entitled

SUBSCRIPTIONS; One year $27, two years S48, three years S69. Full- Babylonians, etc.; not, specifically, a Jew," to return because they fled in response to time students S15 per year. Back issues $3 prepaid. Airmail, foreign, group, broadcast instructions from Arab countries and bulk rates on request. Microfilm editions available from University Microfilms Intl., 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Any current really doesn't wash. Not only is that not subscriber who finds the price a burden should say so at renewal time; no Write "Dialogue" one need forgo reading the Observer simply because of the cost. Address enough reason to steal refugees' homes, but all correspondence to: The Texas Observer, 307 West 7th Street, Austin. The Texas Observer there were no such general broadcasts. The Texas 78701. 307 W. 7th St. BBC was recording all Arab broadcasts at

,..„... Austin, TX 78701 the time as part of its political monitoring Continued on Page 20

2 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 EDITORIALS ,05.4ETE...server OCTOBER 28, 1988 Dukakis for President VOLUME 80, No. 21 FEATURES ROBABLY THE MOST costly mis- tactics with great success on behalf of Statewide P take Michael Dukakis has made in his Richard Nixon's election and reelection. quest for the White House was to assume Lloyd Bentsen used the approach to knock Endorsements from the beginning that the Presidential Senator Ralph Yarborough out of the By the Editors 4 campaign would be governed by standards Democratic primary in 1970. Dukakis Bush and the New Right of civil and rational discourse. Instead the himself had been the target of a negative By James Ridgeway 12 thing turned into one great exercise in campaign after his first term as governor. bamboozlement, with George Bush leading He lost that race for reelection and is said Ghost Story (Fiction) every step of the way. to have learned a valuable lesson about By Debbie Nathan 16 Who could have imagined that a race politics: he would not again allow himself between Dukakis, an experienced governor, to be vulnerable to lowball attacks. DEPARTMENTS and Bush, a man who touts his long record But Dukakis and his strategists were Editorial 3 of government service, would have as its caught off guard by the sheer stupidity of first major issue a candidate's allegiance to the Presidential race after the Republican Journal 14 the flag? In the 1950s, in a culture obsessed convention. It was if they really expected with loyalty, yes. But this is 1988. We are that Dukakis could pronounce himself non- Political Intelligence 15 supposed to have grown out of McCarthy- ideological at the Democratic convention ism. and then spend the rest of the campaign Books and the Culture Bush pushed the flag issue to the limit holding policy discussions. Before he knew Hungry Voices, and then turned to guns and crime. Lee it, Bush and Co. had exploited the wariness Desperate Lives Atwater, Bush's campaign director, is an that many people around the country have By Louis Dubose 18 old hand at exploiting the gun control issue: about Massachusetts Democrats. Dukakis The Irony of Palestine he used it against Bush in 1980 when had been pegged. By Greg Moses 19 Atwater was running Ronald Reagan's There is no shortage of disappointment primary campaign in South Carolina. At that Afterword in Democratic circles, around this state and Applied Reincarnation point, Atwater felt compelled to inform around the country, about the way Dukakis By Tom McClellan 23 voters of Bush's votes in Congress for anti- has responded, or failed to respond, to the handgun laws. Surely Atwater got a laugh Republican smears. We have our own declared recently. "I'm for the people." this year to see how long it took The criticisms of the Dukakis campaign, first Somehow, in the final weeks of the Democrats to catch on and say, "Now just because its central strategy has been to court campaign, Dukakis must make sure that a minute here." By the time they did, the quasi-conservatives (which means striking voters think long and hard about what damage had been done. Dukakis was seen, quasi-conservative themes), and second another four years of Republicanism will in places where guns are revered, as a because in its emphasis on- "competence" mean. And he must win people over to the Massachusetts liberal intent on confiscating it has opted out of the battle over ideas. idea that a Democratic administration will (without compensation!) every citizen's Dukakis's campaign, in our view, has not make a real difference — for the better — personal weapon. yet done what a Democratic campaign needs in their lives. Dukakis finally got the word out in his to do; it has not defined itself as the cause We believe that there are several compel- television ads that he supports gun owner- for people who want to see the government ling reasons to vote for a Democratic ship for hunters and sportsmen. No matter. on their side, and for people who are administration. For one thing, Dukakis's What about the governor's support for a distressed that the rich have gotten richer election would open the way for a new era furlough program that gave criminals a while so many others are worse off, and in progressive legislation in Congress. revolving door in and out of prison? Here for people who disapprove of the govern- Certainly a huge number of Americans was sure evidence that Dukakis was tender- ment bailing out the big banks when small recognize the need for some sort of national hearted on crime. Reasonable examination businesses don't seem to get any breaks, health insurance plan. Under Bush, 40 of the furlough issue would take into and for those who know something about million uninsured citizens would continue consideration that a similar program was in this economy that Republicans never ac- to cast about on the rough seas of free place in California while Ronald Reagan knowledge: too much of the real economic market health care, which is to say, was governor. Indeed, in our very own power is in the hands of a narrow band of unaffordable health care. Dukakis has state, 5,000 felons have been let out on corporations and corporate bigshots. committed himself to a national health care furlough since Republican Bill Clements When Democrats speak to these concerns plan. became governor, as the Fort Worth Star- they have the chance to inspire enthusiasm. Bush proposes that families who need Telegram reported October 16. But rational When they don't, the campaign becomes a child care be given a minor tax break. Under discussion is not the point, especially when marketing war waged on TV and pitted a Democratic administration, Congress it comes to crime. The point is to make directly against the average voter's cyni- could create a comprehensive child care plan Dukakis the target of whatever theme cism. Worst of all, the Democrats become that would truly help low- and middle- happens to be chosen by Bush's Hate Week victims of Republican charges that "the income families. An increase in the mini- committee. liberals" are somehow against the people mum wage would be encouraged by Dukakis A bait-the-liberal campaign is the easiest — they want to take their guns, make the and most likely vetoed by Bush. The kind of campaign to run in America. Bush's streets unsafe, let the moral standards slide. national disgrace of three-quarters of a media wizard Roger Ailes used the same "I am not a member of the ACLU," Bush million people without homes would be

THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 3 addressed by a Democratic administration; under Bush those people could rely on a "thousand points of light." Bush and Co. reflexively disparage the idea that people want help from the federal government. But when citizens wake up one morning to find that their neighborhood has been hopelessly polluted by a hidden toxic dump, don't they want help from the federal government? Doesn't it make all the difference in the world to them whether the Environmental Protection Agency is run by a bunch of turkeys recruited from the corporate sector or instead by an aggressive leader who is committed to environmental safety? Doesn't it make a difference to people laboring in risky workplaces whom the president appoints as head of the Depart- ment of Labor and who heads the Occupa-, tional Health and Safety Administration? Neither campaign has made much of an issue of the federal court system, and yet this is where the most radical Republican threat may lie. Imagine that after a lifetime in public service, George Bush would tell JEFF DANZIGER a national TV audience that he had not yet been so astoundingly deferential to the opportunity to win a majority on the court. "sorted out" what penalties would be levied President that he has stood loyally by for That is, however, only a remote possibility. if abortion were to be outlawed. But he every ill-considered policy of the Reagan The closest race, and the best chance of stands ready to pack the Supreme Court with era. And now he has the gall to offer himself a Republican win, is at the top of the ballot conservatives and pave the way to making up to the voters without ever deigning to where incumbent Chief Justice Tom Phillips abortion a crime. Michael Dukakis asks how explain his role in one of the faces Ted Z. Robertson. Robertson is trying anyone but the woman can make such a administration's most important foreign to move from his Associate Justice position private decision as whether to have an policy decisions: that of bargaining with Iran to that of Chief Justice. Phillips is a abortion. It is unlikely that the balance of for hostages. congenital lawyer, born into the Baker & the high court would change much with a Bush has been the quintessential yes-man Botts Houston-based law firm and married few Democratic appointments, since it all his life. What kind of President will such into Bracewell & Patterson, another big would most likely be the liberals who retire. a man make? Who will do his thinking for Houston firm. Win or lose, he is one of But with even two Bush appointments the him? What kind of advisors will he surround Gov. Bill Clements's best picks ,— young, situation is drastically reversed. Is the public himself with? (What will happen if his own articulate, approachable, bright, and appar- really ready for a federal court system — chosen yes-man, Dan Quayle, has to take ently squeaky clean. already half Republican due to Reagan's over?) On top of all these concerns is the But Phillips's $5,000 cap on contribu- appointments — that will become over- fact that Bush has run a campaign that insults tions, and his refusal to accept money from whelmingly Republican? the intelligence of the American electorate. law firms, is disingenuous and deceptive. Many progressives had hopes that this There ought to be no wringing of the hands The appointed Chief Justice's claim to the year's campaign would be more inspiring, over the decision: we are rejecting a moral high road looks more and more like or at least less disheartening, than the dangerous leader in favor of an adequate posturing, as he also lays claim to first or Mondale campaign in 1984. In fact, Dukakis one, perhaps even a good one. Do not stand second place in amount of funds raised. made the same fateful decision that Mondale idly by while George Bush becomes Presi- While he refuses to accept direct contribu- made: that it is not possible to run a dent. Cast a vote for Michael Dukakis. tions from law firms, tally sheets show him progressive or populist national campaign — D.D. as the recipient of more than $31,000 from against the Republicans. It is clear to all Baker & Botts lawyers. And he is the only of us that the road to economic democracy justice or candidate thus far to hold an out- probably will not be blazed by the likes of Statewide of-state fundraiser — an incestuous Wash- Michael Dukakis. But there are hundreds ington, D.C. affair arranged by biological of ways a Democratic administration can Endorsements and law firm inlaws. directly affect day-to-day living conditions, Unfortunately for Democrats, Ted Z. especially for those on the margins. THE JUDICIARY Robertson doesn't exactly pass the smell test This is not an either/or choice — either N ANY OTHER election year, voters when it comes to campaign finance. Robert- we vote for Dukakis or we work for more I would choose three members of the son has received more "free media" than significant long-range change. It's clear Texas Supreme Court. But since former any other justice or candidate in the race. enough that there needs to be a movement Chief Justice John Hill announced last year Unfortunately, most of it has come from for change in this country — a populist that he was leaving the court — ostensibly 60 Minutes, the CBS Sunday night news movement — but it will have a chance to to work on changing the high court from show. Robertson was the heavy in an flourish under Democrats; under Republi- an elected to an appointed body — attorneys episode broadcast last December, then cans it will be met with stony resistance. arguing cases have often needed programs rebroadcast September 25. The case against And if that were not reason enough, there to keep up with changes on the bench. Six Robertson, made by CBS reporter Mike is the matter of George Bush. Here is a of the nine positions, including that of Chief Wallace, former Chief Justice Jack Pope, man who has been, all through his career, Justice, will appear on the ballot. The and a former law clerk from the Supreme a shameless apologist for all the worst of unprecedented number of vacancies has Court, was compelling. Republicanism. As Vice President, Bush has provided the Republican party with an "Pigs is pigs," Pope said of the perennial

4 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 scramble for campaign funds. He went on that he is not afraid of unpopular decisions. He makes the case for funding reform by to describe how in 1983 Robertson stunned And his opinions on due process and equal refusing to accept campaign contributions the court by voting to break a tie in a case protection cases have earned him the respect — though it is not likely that contributors that involved South Texas millionaire of civil rights and civil liberties activists. were beating a path to his door. oilman/rancher Clinton Manges. Robertson We recognize that Kilgarlin was admonished Gonzalez, though he has not satisfied had previously announced that he would by the Commission on Judicial Conduct last every liberal voter in the state, has been recuse himself from the case because year for alleged financial improprieties. a competent Associate Justice. He is carving Manges was a major contributor to his (Robertson was reprimanded, a more severe out his place as the court's advocate of campaign fund. When it became evident that punishment reserved for more serious freedom of speech and press and has been Manges would lose, Robertson changed his offenses.) And, Kilgarlin also got something reasonably sympathetic to organized labor mind — "in a heartbeat," as one observer of a broad-brush treatment on the 60 Minutes (perhaps he has not forgotten his own roots testified — and voted in favor of Manges, segment, where it was alleged that contribu- as a migrant farmworker). A peculiar and who had contributed $120,000 to tions from Houston plaintiffs' attorney Joe unsolicited opinion on abortion and an Robertson's campaign. Jamail might have influenced Kilgarlin's adverse opinion on workers' compensation How to vote? Former Chief Justice John vote on the Texaco/Pennzoil lawsuit. angered many who would like to see a more Hill — a Democrat — has endorsed Phillips. (Kilgarlin responded to the 60 Minutes progressive voting record. Gonzalez is But Hill's judgement on these matters is now feature: he insisted that network executives obviously a Democratic Party moderate, (in our view) so skewed that he is hardly had an agenda of their own when they holding down a place on the middle of the a bellwether in candidate selection. attacked the Texas court. Cravath, Swaine court. He should be reelected. Robertson's backers put it this way: & Moore, the New York law firm that The race for Place 4 is likely to see some "Robertson . .. has a long record of public defended Mike Wallace against a libel suit Democrats defect to cast votes for the service to the ordinary people of Texas, filed by Gen. William Westmoreland also appointed Republican incumbent, Barbara including work as a lawyer in the union law represented Texaco in its appeal of Culver. A former County and District Court firm of Mullinax-Wells. . .. Ted Z. Pennzoil's judgement.) Judge from Midland, Culver is something Robertson will be the most pro-people Chief Though Kilgarlin strays a bit too far less than judicial scholar. And for just a Justice this state ever had." This from moment there, Culver acted like she was Austin labor lawyer David Van Os, in a going to be a real serious justice — published endorsement of Robertson. pondering the law and litigants' claims Lawyers who try civil rights issues before fairly, then rendering judgment. That was the court also give Robertson high marks. before she got crossways with the Texas The vote poses a difficult choice for Medical Association after she wrote an progressives. The pragmatic argument for opinion that removed the cap on medical a better court suggests a vote for Robertson. malpractice suits. Later, in an act that is As does the opportunity to go thumbs-down not likely to win Culver a place in Profiles on a Bill Clements appointment. Those who in Courage she contrived some sort of see the race as a referendum on political addendum to apologize for the earlier ethics will consider Phillips or will simply opinion, saying, in effect, that she didn't abstain. You be the judge. really mean to offend the doctors. There is no such difficulty for Place 1 Culver's opponent, Jack Hightower, is a on the ballot; former Travis County State former boll weevil Congressman who lost Senator Lloyd Doggett is clearly the better his seat to Beau Boulter. Culver gets the candidate. "A pinnacle of integrity," was nod from the Texas Women's Political the way state Senator John Montford of Caucus and some progressive lawyers who Lubbock described Doggett; and Montford claim that her judicial record on family law frequently found himself squarely in opposi- RONALD CORTES is better than Hightower's conservative tion to Doggett in the Senate. In his Lloyd Doggett record in Congress. Others argue that there valedictory legislative session Doggett are Republican women attorneys far more passed bills regulating monopolies, requir- toward political paranoia with his 60 qualified than Culver and the Governor here ing reports on prisoners' deaths in custody, Minutes conspiracy theories, we do not missed a real opportunity . Democrats who and providing workers compensation pay- believe the questions raised about his would see Clements repudiated, particularly ments for funeral benefits. He also went to integrity are substantial. His defeat would since there seems to be no great difference bat for nursing home regulation, prevailing be a setback for the court and for the state. in political philosophy, will vote for Jack wage on public works, workers' right-to- And his opponent, Dallas appeals court Hightower — who will probably win know about hazardous substances, open judge Nathan Hecht is hardly a credible anyway because the agriculture commis- meetings, anti- discriminatory employment candidate. (Hecht no!) sioner (no relation) has made Hightower a practices, and a dozen other laudatory Charles Ben Howell is a compelling household name in Texas. causes. Doggett's experience as a plaintiffs' reason for any sensible citizen to vote for Austin plaintiffs' attorney Karl Bayer is attorney will also help maintain the court's Associate Justice Raul Gonzalez. Howell, the better of two qualified candidates for reputation as a state Supreme Court that isn't an appeals court judge from Dallas, is Place 5. Bayer faces Houston lawyer Eugene controlled by corporate interests. considered by many to be a litigious crank. Cook. If Cook loses, he will be probably If elected, Doggett can be expected to He has sued Associate Justice Oscar Mauzy, be appointed whenever another justice join Associate Justice William Kilgarlin in Republican court candidate Nathan Hecht, resigns. Bayer would take his place among providing the intellectual leadership for the and the State Bar Association. Howell now the court's intellectual leaders. His impres- court. As a legislator, Kilgarlin was a faces a frivolous lawsuit sanction from a sive credentials include an M.I.T. masters plaintiff in the lawsuit by which single- federal court and in another case has degree in biomedical technology, earned member legislative districts were created. requested that the entire state Supreme Court before he changed fields and entered law As an attorney, he was involved in the Ruiz recuse itself, rather than rule on a pending school. He was an Environmental Protection case at time when most attorneys wouldn't case in which he is involved. Howell has Agency attorney and tried the EPA's case touch prison-reform litigation. During his also appeared in court in his pajamas or against 2,4,5,-T. the herbicide found to be tenure on the court, Kilgarlin has established bathrobe to protest working on a weekend. contaminated by dioxin. He has recently THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 5 been involved with a five-year lawsuit, filed But Krier does vote a Republican agenda. to protect the Rio Grande River between She voted last session with the insurance El Paso and the Big Bend, according to the lobby on "tort reform," she voted for an Texas Lawyer. And he helped draft the AT&T-supported deregulation bill, and she chemical right-to-know law sponsored by voted against a minimum wage for farm- Deer Park Democratic Rep. Ed Watson. workers. She can be counted on to support Bayer has imposed on his campaign the most Gov. Bill Clements on prison and crime stringent and ethically sound fundraising issues, regardless of the weaknesses of the limits, accepting no contributions from Governor's programs with regard to civil political action committees, lawyers, and liberties. individuals with cases pending before the The demographics of the 26th Senatorial court. He has also pledged to accept no district are at least marginally Democratic. individual contribution larger than $5,000 In our view, it's time to bring back and no more than $20,000 contributions Democratic representation. Krier's chal- from a single law firm or a group of lawyers lenger is Nef Garcia, a political science from one firm. professor at St. Mary's University. Garcia Tallying up the funding disclosure sheets, describes as his mentor the late Bill Crane, and listening to the arguments on judicial a St. Mary's professor who was as enlight- reform, one might conclude that the no one ened a political thinker as San Antonio has other than plaintiffs' attorneys, insurance produced. In the 1960's, as a student at St. companies, and doctors ever appear before Mary's Garcia helped organize MASO, the the court. And plaintiffs' attorneys, who Mexican American Student Organization, an earn huge sums suing for product liability alternative to the more activist and radical and personal injury are unlikely heroes. Yet MAYO. Garcia said that education will be in the struggle for control of the court's soul, his area of legislative interest if he is elected it just so happens that the self-interest of to the Senate. the state's plaintiffs' lawyers converges with In the campaign, Garcia is taking Krier the public interest. to task for "carrying the water for the Sometime next year the Texas Supreme banking lobby" when she sponsored a Court will render a decision on the measure to repeal the homestead protection Edgewood v. Kirby lawsuit — the lawsuit provision in the state constitution. He, is also that will determine just how much money reminding voters that Krier opposed legisla- poor school districts in the state will receive tion that would have banned the short- in the future. Other important policy issues handled hoe for farmworkers and that she will inevitably be resolved by the court. opposed a farmworker minimum wage bill. Doggett, Gonzalez, Kilgarlin, and Bayer Garcia has tried to pin Krier ,down on represent the foundation of a high court education funding and the Official Language where corporate interests do not exercise question: "Where does she stand on the same control that they do in the other Edgewood v. Kirby?" Garcia asked. "Why two branches. Should they all win, along hasn't she come out against English Only?" with Associate Justice Oscar Mauzy, they All of these are issues that should play well will provide the state with a Supreme Court in the 26th Senatorial district. as progressive as any in the country. But Garcia's campaign does not .have the For the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, money that 'Crier's does. To get his message the Observer endorses Michael McCor- ALAN POGUE out he will have to depend on grassroots mick for Presiding Judge and Chuck Miller Steve Corriker of Roby support. And the help of San Antonio for Place 2. The Court of Criminal Appeals Congressman Henry B. Gonzalez. Ninety- is the court of last resort for criminal cases involve Democratic incumbents who have three of the 159 precincts in the 26th district in the state court system. Both Miller and drawn Republican challengers. One Repub- are also included in Gonzalez's 20th McCormick have served on the court. Miller lican incumbent, Cyndi Krier of San Congressional district. Gonzalez is expected is moving from associate to presiding judge. Antonio, has a Democratic challenger. Two to campaign for Garcia. Several political —L.D. seats are up for grabs. It's unlikely that the observers from San Antonio insist that the Republicans could add more than two new race can be won only if Henry B. turns out TEXAS SENATE members; there is the possibility — if the vote. The current get-out-the-vote HE PROSPECTS for a more progres- Democrats hold their seats and Krier loses campaign by the San Antonio activist group, T sive state Senate began to brighten in — that they could see their delegation COPS, might also work in Garcia's favor. the Democratic primary last spring. In a race reduced from six members to five. COPS describes itself as non-partisan but that surprised the political establishment in Krier's race promises to be close. Elected its members may be inclined to vote for Austin, longtime conservative Democrat in 1984, she won her seat partly because Garcia, who will do more to advance their Grant Jones of Abilene was sent packing Ronald Reagan was at the top of the ballot agenda in the legislature. by Temple Dickson, a trial lawyer from and partly because her predecessor, Bob Though the Krier race offers voters their Sweetwater. Dickson is now unopposed in Vale, was perceived as a lazy and ineffective only chance to replace a Republican with the general election and is bound to be a legislator. Krier certainly has improved on a Democrat, two races for open seats hold more dependable Democrat in the Senate Vale's performance; no one faults her the promise of bringing better Democrats. than Jones was. dedication or motivation. She has not been In West Texas, Steve Carriker stands a Democrats seem sure to hold on to their an overly doctrinaire Republican, and she good chance of winning a four-year term two-thirds majority (21 votes) in the upper has occasionally been a strong advocate on for the seat formerly held by Ray Farabee, chamber; they currently have 25 of the 31 some women's issues. She is endorsed for D-Wichita Falls. Carriker, a former House seats. There are seven contested Senate reelection by the Texas Women's Political member from Roby, won a special election races on the ballot November 8. Four races Caucus. this summer by a resounding margin. 6 • OCTOBER 28, 1988

A I 14. lab. I 'N., Ilk 1 44 1111‘ . (Technically he is an incumbent, but he has Bivins, took the conventional urinalysis test, returned to office. served less than two months.) His but rejected Phillips's call to submit to the A little ways to the •south, in the second vanquished opponent, Republican Bobby hair test. Senatorial district, Democrat Ted Lyon is Albert III, is trying again in the general Phillips is a real estate developer with engaged in a battle with the, right-wing election. Albert is a political novice who dealings in Amarillo, the Rio Grande ideologue Richard Harvey of Tyler. Harvey, was unable to win his own county against Valley, and Colorado. He is married to the who publishes an extremist newsletter called Carriker in the special election. Carriker, niece of Senator Lloyd Bentsen. Bivins, a the Texas Tribune, ran against Lyon in 1984 on the other hand, is known and respected wealthy Republican from one of the and got 49 percent of the vote. It was throughout the district (his father served in Panhandle's oldest families, has financial apparently enough to put the fear of God the House of Representatives in the 1960s), ties to oilman T. Boone Pickens. He has into Lyon — in the last session his overriding and has compiled a consistently progressive the backing of Amarillo's wealthiest citizens concern was to show himself to be conserva- voting record in his three terms in the and has spent a considerable amount on tive on the abortion issue. In fact, his House. television advertising. Bivins is new to the performance was such a far cry from his Carriker's predecessor, Ray Farabee, political scene; it is widely suspected that generally progressive first session in 1985 served for more than twelve years and Pickens is behind his candidacy. that it was almost as if Richard Harvey's became perhaps the most respected figure Other than on the drug-testing issue, influence on the Senate could already be felt, in the Senate. In terms of passing bills and Phillips is trying to zero in on issues that even without his election. Perhaps if Lyon wielding influence, Carriker may not be affect the everyday lives of the district's can dispose of Harvey's challenge one more Farabee's equal. But the political climate citizens — such as problems in rural health time he will become more comfortable in in the Senate is bound to improve from care and in the area's drinking water supply. his seat. While there is little in Lyon's recent Carriker's presence. He is a legislator who We expect that we would often disagree with record that we can endorse, we urge a vote does not easily swallow the business lobby's Phillips politically, but there can be little for him, to keep a far-right loon from taking line. (Farabee's power derived, in part, question he would be a preferable choice his place. from carrying bills that were heavily to Teel Bivins. With Bivins there would be We wholeheartedly endorse Senator supported by big business.) Coming from hardly a prayer that the concerns of farmers, Gonzalo Barrientos of Austin for another a rural area, Carriker is strong on agricul- small businessmen and minorities would be term. He has drawn a Republican challenger tural issues; he is in the Jim Hightower adequately represented. We do not give in Matt Harnest, a 31-year-old political stream of politics. One reason Carriker is Phillips a ringing endorsement, but we urge newcomer whose brochures bill him as a a politician to watch is because he is not a vote for the Democrat in this race. member of Mensa, the sky-high IQ society, a conventional liberal or conservative. He Of the four Democratic incumbents being but whose campaign tactics have been defines his issues in terms of how they affect challenged, East Texas Senator Richard lowbrow Republican. Harnest's propaganda the working people of his district. He is an Anderson may face the strongest challenge. charges Barrientos with being too liberal and economic populist who has been able to All over the first Senatorial district, one can with supporting "militant homosexual legis- survive right-wing attack by giving a clear see yard signs in support of Republican Bill lation." Harnest has also called Barrientos's idea of what he stands for. Of course, many Ratliff, an engineer from Mt. Pleasant. philosophy "Marxist-Leninist." Barrientos candidates say they are "for the people" Anderson has suffered politically from news dismisses Harnest as being "far out." He at election time. But Carriker is one of a stories about his office staff having billed ought to easily dismiss Harnest's challenge, number of up-and-coming state politicians personal telephone calls to the state, and as well. Senator Bob Glasgow of Stephen- who has a concept of how to be for the for having a DWI on his record. But ville is facing a challenge by Republican people even after the election, when the Democrats in the area say that Ratliff s Jesse Coffey of Denton. There is not much high-paid lobbyists come knocking. challenge amounts to little more than having we can rave about in Glasgow's record but The other open seat does not hold the sunk most of his money into yard signs. he ought to be safe, despite some apparent possibility of progressive change — we are He has had Gov. Clements and U.S. Senator Republican drift going on in his district. talking Amarillo here — but if a Democrat Phil Gramm campaigning for him, but, is elected to fill the seat that Bill Sarpalius according to some Democrats, has proven TEXAS HOUSE filled for eight years it is bound to improve to be less articulate than Anderson in public HE HOUSE of Representatives is the the general smell of the place. Sarpalius was forums. "They never let Ratliff speak; they T battleground that will best demonstrate a Senator who became known for turning always speak for him," says Bowie County whether Republicans are making significant in the kind of inept performances in hearings Democratic chair Bill Feazell. headway in this state. The state party makes that, had he been on the baseball mound, Anderson won his seat by defeating the a lot of noise about breaking the Democratic would have had the fans holding their noses heavily backed Republican Ed Hargett in majority in time for redistricting in 1991. and yelling "Send him to the showers!" We 1986. In the most recent session of the As a result, Democrats have initiated a asked one Democratic-oriented lobbyist if legislature Anderson surprised a number of program that is designed not only to hold Mel Phillips, the Democratic nominee, people by compiling a decent voting record on to the majority, but to recruit and elect would be likely to be an improvement over — at least in comparison to his predecessor loyal Democrats — Democrats who will not Sarpalius. "Mel Phillips?" he asked. "He Ed Howard of Texarkana. On the one hand, vote with Republicans. The House is well can comb his own hair. He's toilet Anderson voted against progressive meas- on the way to becoming a much more trained. . . . He's a decent fellow." So the ures for farmworkers, but on the other, he partisan body than it has been. answer was yes. "He's gonna be registered a few good votes on consumer The Republicans had 56 members in the conservative — there's not anybody up there issues. He has been endorsed by the Sierra 150-member House last session, but it only who's not, except for Stanley Marsh, 3," Club's Lone Star Chapter, which cites his took the addition of 20 conservative Demo- said the lobbyist. acceptable voting record on environmental cratic votes for Republican-oriented legisli- In fact, Phillips has joined in the general issues. And indeed there are important tion to achieve a simple majority. There election-year craziness that has broken out hazardous waste issues looming in this have been at least that many Democrats, in West Texas, in which all candidates feel district on which the Republican engineer such as those who were active with the the need to prove themselves drug-free by Bill Ratliff probably can not be trusted. House Conservative Caucus, who sided with one degrading way or another. Phillips has Anderson is still something of an unproven the Republicans more often than not. taken a "hair test," a method of drug-testing quantity and he has yet to win the trust of This year the House Democratic Caucus that is said to be more comprehensive than many of his constituents, but in our has made a concerted effort to recruit and urinalysis. His opponent, cattle rancher Teel judgement Richard Anderson ought to be support a field of aggressive and promising

THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 7 Democratic candidates. Their strategy is not upset. She teaches economics at Texas the East Texas delegation arises with the to look just at the raw numbers of Democrats Woman's University and is campaigning on retirement of the odious Cliff Johnson of and Republicans, but to try to improve the "economic development through educa- Palestine. Johnson, a Democrat, has gone quality of the Democratic candidates. The tional excellence." Abernathy criticizes to work for Gov. Bill Clements, of all caucus set up a political action committee Horn for his extreme right-wing views, people. He should be replaced by Democrat (the House Democratic, Campaign Commit- which she says have made him "too Richard Swift. Swift, an attorney from tee) and hired Austin-based consultants polarized" to be effective in the House. Palestine who is facing Kimball Hillencamp, Susan Krute and David Butts to coordinate Horn's main claim to fame in his four terms a Rusk Republican, has represented laborers the Democratic. effort. By providing cam- is his promotion of the English Only in workers' comp cases and is bound to vote paign research and guidance and, in some movement. Of this Abernathy says: "It's more often with the Democrats than Johnson cases, funds to candidates, the DCC has divisive, it's discriminatory, it's unneces- did. been trying to counter the efforts of their sary and it's rude." The legislature would Jerry Yost, the Alfred E. Neumanesque more well-funded counterpart, the Associ- be improved by Horn's absence; Republican from Longview, may be vulner- ated Republicans of Texas. This may seem Abernathy's expertise in education and able to the challenge of Democratic busi- like a rather elementary move for the economics would serve her well as a nessman Daryl Atkinson, also of Long- Democrats, but it was only two years ago Representative. view. This is not a district that is going to that such an effort was put in place — for Rep. Bill Carter of Fort Worth is another produce liberal leadership but Atkinson years there has been no significant candidate legislative zero (literally: Carter, like Jim would at least be more moderate than Yost, recruitment and candidate support coming Horn, has recorded straight zero voting who has been extreme and ineffective. out of Democratic Party headquarters. records on the Observer voting chart for Democrat David Hudson of Tyler is (Even now, it is not the state Party, as such, the last two sessions). He has a very strong facing a serious challenge from Larry that is involved, but the ,House Democratic challenger in Democrat Art Brender, a Fort Jackson, also of Tyler. Hudson's voting Caucus.) Worth lawyer. Brender was recently in the record is a mixed bag but at least with a Ultimately, the question of whether national news when he took a racial former government teacher at Stephen F. Democrats will add to their 94 House discrimination case to the U.S. Supreme Austin University you get a semblance of members will depend to some degree on Court and won on an 8-0 ruling. Though enlightenment. The Sierra Club endorses how the top of the ticket affects down-ballot his district has voted for Reagan and Gov. Hudson and cites his "excellent" environ- Democrats. A gain of five seats would be Clements in past elections it has also mental voting record. As for Jackson, there a significant victory: it would give Demo- supported Democrats such as Jim Wright is seldom a good reason to put a Tyler crats a two-thirds majority, which is for Congress and Hugh Parmer for the state Republican in the legislature. necessary, for example, to override a Senate. Brender describes the 91st as a governor's veto. But the most likely result "working folks sort of district," and is Houston area of this election year is that Democrats and blasting Rep. Carter for a vote to repeal A good race is shaping up in Houston Republicans will swap a few seats and the the workers' comp law and for a vote against between Republican Rep. Brad Wright and overall makeup of the lower chamber will a Buy American initiative. Carter has tagged Democrat Katy Caldwell. Caldwell does stay about the same., Of the 59 contested Brender as a liberal ACLU lawyer. (Brender computer consulting work for financial House races, there are 20 challenges against gladly admits to having worked for the civil institutions and is a former schoolteacher. Republican incumbents and 19 challenges liberties organization.) Even putting politics She is attacking Wright's record for his against Democratic incumbents. Twenty- aside, Brender is clearly heads above Carter, votes against the appropriations bills last one legislators have stepped down (or up, an insuranceman and an Aggie, in abilities; session, claiming that Wright was willing as the case may be) to create open seats he would be bound to get more done in the to defund institutions important to Houston. (twelve of the seats were held by Democrats legislature for the people of his district. Wright is running a typical Republican anti- and nine by Republicans). A number of Another Democrat worth supporting is crime campaign and will probably outspend those who have quit the House were big Richard Millsap of Fort Worth, who is Caldwell by $70,000 to $40,000, according wheels in the conservative caucus: Republi- running for the seat vacated by his brother, to Caldwell's estimate. Wright has distin- can Mike Toomey of Houston, Republican Mike Millsap. Richard Millsap is said to guished himself in the legislature as a rigid Gerald Geistweidt of Mason and Democrat be a potential improvement over his brother, and somewhat humorless conservative, on Tom Waldrop of Corsicana, for example. who began to drift rightward after his a high horse to protect the free enterprise The following endorsements are made, election to the House. system but with little appreciation for as always, with varying shades of enthusi- Four incumbents who have challengers government. Caldwell's election would be asm. Some candidates are worth working and deserve reelection are: Keith Oakley an immense improvement for the district. for and talking about; others are worthy of of Terrell, Bob Melton of Gatesville, Republican incumbents Keith Valigura of a vote in the hope it will stave off the Garfield Thompson of Fort Worth, and Al Conroe and Jack Harris of Pearland may candidacy of the lesser dingbat. We are Granoff of Dallas. Melton's seat, espe- be vulnerable. Both have across-the-board concentrating mostly on races in "swing" cially, is targeted by the Republicans; he conservative voting records and both have districts. In other instances we address races is opposed by insurance agent Brad Harris solid Democratic opponents. Joe Melton, where particularly strong or worthy candi- of Gatesville. Melton has taken a bad rap an insurance agent from New Caney, is dates have caught our eye. (The names of from a certain Texas magazine that names opposing Valigura, an attorney. Melton very our preferred candidates appear in boldface "Best and Worst" legislators, but from our nearly won this seat in 1986; he deserves type.) perspective his voting record looks solid and support in the rematch. We endorse Randall he has served his district well. Ferguson, a Pearland attorney in private North Texas Thompson is opposed by Democrat- practice, to replace two-termer Harris. There are two interesting Democratic turned-Republican Reby Cary, who lost a Ferguson's name is fairly well known in challenges here, pitting admirable progres- race in 1984 against state Senator Hugh the district; he is said to be a "reasonable" sive candidates against generally useless Parmer. Granoff's challenger, Charles Democrat who is running a well-organized Republican incumbents. In the Denton area, Chestnutt, is said to be pretty far to the right. campaign. Karen Abernathy is running against Rep. And the legislature has enough nuts already. The Republicans are taking a run at Rep. Jim Horn. This is a conservative district, Ed Watson of Deer Park. Watson is a but Abernathy is reported to be working East Texas veteran lawmaker and former official with hard and may have a chance to pull off an One good possibility for improvement in the Oil Chemical and Atomic Workers 8 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 union. He was instrumental in passing the Robert Hardesty. Lubbock, who served in the House from "right-to-know" law two sessions ago and Cooper did appear at the second San 1962 to 1972. Jones was the author of a has the endorsement of the Sierra Club and Marcos gathering where the firing of Republican-oriented redistricting plan in the Texas Women's Political Caucus. James Hardesty, a popular administrator summa- 1971, so he is certainly one man to steer M. Jackson, the Republican candidate, is rily dismissed by the Board of Regents, was clear of as we move toward another president of Force Corp. and is likely to debated. (Hardesty was fired several hours redistricting period. But is Holder a "good be overly sympathetic to business interests. after a Clements appointee was sworn in.) Democrat"? He says he would not vote for We'll go with Ed Watson. According to Linebarger, Cooper should a Republican Speaker and he would not vote Republican hardliner Mike Toomey has have taken the lead in the Hardesty case: for "any plan that would put in place given up his seat to work for the governor. "As a member of the party, she [Cooper] Republican partisan advantage." There is little chance the seat will go was in a perfect position to put some Another district that might turn Demo- Democratic, since it is packed as tight as pressure on the Regents and the Governor. cratic if the winds blow right is District 67, a cummerbund on a banker with Republi- She failed to do so," Linebarger said. formerly represented by Gerald Geistweidt, cans. Still, we admire Democrat Mary Linebarger has demonstrated some rare one of the most vocal of the House's hard- Burke for making the race. Limousine political courage when she took Southwest line conservative bloc. The election of liberals, arise! Regents to task for their banning of the sale David Currie would be a marked change Democrat Clint Hackney has given up his or distribution of contraceptives on the for the better. Currie worked for four years seat to run for the Railroad Commission. Southwest Texas campus. "It is a public under Jim Hightower at the Texas Depart- Sylvester Turner is the heir to the chair health issue," Linebarger said. "Not a ment of Agriculture. While in the marketing in this predominantly Democratic district. moral issue. AIDS is a very real danger and agricultural development division, he He is endorsed by the Texas Women's and the high number of teenage pregnancies helped organize farmers' markets, food Political Caucus. It is our hope that he will is a problem." producers' conferences, and farm coopera- bring another strong voice to the House The closest House race of 1986 took place tives. Currie is a Baptist minister who Black Caucus (it could use some help) as in the 32nd district, where Republican Steve readily admits that "my style of politics is well as to the legislature. Holzheauser of Victoria was very nearly different than [Hightower's]; Jim is more defeated by Janey Lack. Holzheauser again confrontational." Because there is some Central Texas has a strong challenger in Democrat Glen backlash in the district to Hightower's tough Democrats have at least two good chances Smith, a Victoria sportscaster who is well- stance on pesticide regulation and his here to bump off Republican incumbents, known in the area. Smith is no liberal, but political endorsement of Jesse Jackson, especially if Central Texas sees a strong he couldn't possibly be as conservative as Currie is tying himself to his friend and turnout for Dukakis at the top of the ticket. Holzheauser. fellow sheep-raiser Senator Bill Sims of San Rep. Randall Riley of Round Rock may In San Antonio, Democrat Karyne Angelo, who is nothing if not a West Texas have difficulty holding onto the seat he won Conley is the obvious choice over Republi- conservative. But Currie doesn't apologize in 1984. He is increasingly viewed as can John Yost to replace retiring Rep. Lou for his populist politics; he is certain he can ineffective in the legislature — his abiding Nelle Sutton. Sutton had slowed down over represent the rural and middle class concern seems to be with pleasing the the years and Conley is sure to bring more population better than his young Republican business interests. He gets his political active representation to the 120th district. opponent, 28-year-old Harvey Hilderbran of bearings from his participation in the family Further south, down toward Pleasanton, Uvalde. Hilderbran has worked for Amarillo construction business. He introduced a Rep. Eldon Edge faces a challenge by Congressman Beau Boulter and has been a measure to repeal the prevailing wage law Charlie Britsch, a Hondo Republican. Edge lobbyist for the Farm Bureau. He has also and he once commented that the problem is an unassuming legislator with some worked to elect Democratic Congressman with trench site cave-ins might have populist instincts — he voted last session Albert Bustamante — an item, according to something to do with the "fact" that 75 against the insurance lobby on "tort reform" Currie, Hilderbran likes to cite to his percent of construction workers come to bills. He is strong on education issues. Mexican American audiences but not to the work on drugs or alcohol. "He is always Britsch is a political newcomer who man- rock-ribbed Republican citizens. And, make willing to bash us over the head," says one ages Peter Piper's Pizza in Hondo. no mistake: the 67th has been a Republican unionist who has observed Riley's perform- stronghold. Kerr and Gillespie Counties, ance. Parker McCollough, a Georgetown West Texas Currie admits, are about as Republican a attorney who has labor's endorsement, is Our favorite West Texas conservative this territory as you can find anywhere in the a better choice for this district. year is Floyd Holder of Lubbock. Holder state. But Currie is working hard. "If a Republican Anne Cooper of San Marcos spent 20 years in the U.S. Army — his Democrat can win it, I'm gonna win it," faces an active challenge from Libby expertise is in nuclear physics. Upon leaving he says. Linebarger of Manchaca. Linebarger is a the army he went to law school at Texas We endorse David Counts, a real estate private consultant, a former teacher and Tech and has since become a noted defense and insurance agent from Knox, in the hope Texas Education Agency employee. In her lawyer. Holder is a recent convert to the that he will emulate the progressive style campaign, she is focusing on education and Democratic Party — "I used to be a of Steve Carriker of Roby, who was elected has said that public education will be at the Republican when it was unpopular," he in August to the state Senate. We would top of her agenda. She has good visibility says. But he switched parties when he like to see Democrat Mark Bragg of in the district, good funding, and good became fed up with Reaganomics. Holder Amarillo claim the Republican seat of volunteer support, and may well be able to is a straight-shooter, a give-'em-hell type retiring Rep. Chip Staniswallis. Bragg's deal the Republicans a setback. "She was with a streak of contrariness. He's not a father has been a coordinator for Hightower; out walking neighborhoods when it was a liberal, but he's something a maverick. He's Bragg, the younger, is said to be the kind hundred degrees out," says one Democratic taken cases no one else in the Panhandle of Democrat who is not afraid to stand up observer. This was for many years a would touch, sometimes defending clients for his party. Bob Junell of San Angelo Democratic seat, admirably represented by he suspected were victims of West Texas is a good candidate to replace retiring Bob Barton of Kyle. Cooper is a moderate bigotry. He would certainly be a force to Democrat Dick Burnett. — certainly not the worst of Republicans be reckoned with in the legislature, which In El Paso, we endorse Nick Perez for — but Linebarger is criticizing her for, is more than you can say about his reelection, hoping he will improve on the among other things, her failure to go to bat predecessor, Republican Ron Givens. performance of his first two terms. Perez for fired Southwest Texas State President Holder is opposed by Delwin Jones of has had his share of personal problems and THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 9 tragedy, but there are some who say he has the primary, he was endorsed by the AFL- turned things around and is intent on making CIO American Federation of Teachers, even himself into a solid legislator. Debbie though he was running against one of their () THE TEXAS Tucker, of the Texas Council on Family members. Sosa is a member of the Texas Violence, credits Perez with moving Association of School Boards. server important child support and protective Donna Ellis is a financial consultant custody proposals through a House running in District 6. Ellis has taught subcommittee on which he serves. political science at Wayne State University Available at the following Other Races and at St. Thomas University in Houston. There are several incumbents who have She has also taught at Harris County locations: little or no opposition but who are worth Community College. During the 69th Bookstop endorsing. These are candidates with decent Legislative session Ellis worked for the city records of accomplishment: of Houston as a legislative liaison, working 2922 S. Shepherd Democrats Mike McKinney of Center- with both the legislature and the state Houston ville, Al Price of Beaumont, Lloyd Criss of comptroller's office. Her diverse back- Brazos Bookstore La Marque, Hugo Berlanga of Corpus ground in education and government, with Christi, Eddie Cavazos of Corpus Christi, an emphasis in finance, is an asset. 2314 Bissonett Alex Moreno of Edinburg, Juan Hinojosa of Carolyn Honea Crawford is a Beaumont Houston McAllen, Ernestine Glossbrenner of Alice, educational psychologist and the incumbent Wilhelmina Delco of Austin, Lena Guerrero in District 7. She has developed a back- College News of Austin, Paul Moreno of El Paso, Nancy ground in finance and has advocated 1101 University McDonald of El Paso, David Cain of Dallas, legislative funding of mandated pupil- Lubbock Ciro Rodriguez of San Antonio, Paul Colbert teacher races. Even before Edgewood v. of Houston, Debra Danburg of Houston, and Kirby was filed, Crawford was warning of Daily News & Tobacco Al Luna of Houston; and Republican Jack a dangerous shift of school funding responsi- 309-A Andrews Highway Vowell of El Paso. —D.D. bility in the direction of local taxpayers. Mary Knotts Perkins is the Democratic Midland candidate in District 8, which includes all Guy's News Stand of the East Texas state-line counties except 3700 Main Street EDUCATION BOARD the southeast corner of the state. Perkins INCE 1984 the State Board of Educa- is a Lufkin homemaker and school board Houston S tion has been an elected board, then member. She has steadfastly refused to Old World Bakery an appointed board, and again an elected define her candidacy in terms of state verses board. The temporary appointed board was local control of schools. Perkins has served 814 W. 12th Street part of the education reform package of as president, vice president, and secretary Austin 1985, when it was expected that the next of the Lufkin school board. legislature would vote to continue with an State Rep. Bob Aikin is running in Paperbacks & Mas appointed body. It didn't, but left the choice District 9, the other large East Texas 1819 Blanco Road to the voters who opted for election again. district. Aikin served on the House Public San Antonio The board's functions include recommenda- Education Committee and before election to tion of policy to the legislature, supervising the House was a lobbyist for East Texas The Stoneleigh P the implementation of policy in the schools, State University. Aikin will provide the 2926 Maple Avenue and textbook adoption. The last function board with considerable insight into the Dallas mentioned should be sufficient to encourage legislative process and education finance. some voter interest: These 15 board mem- He is giving up his House seat. Student Center bers are about all that stand between us and Austin Attorney Will Davis served on the Midwestern State Univ. Mel and Norma Gabler, the Longview previously elected Board from 1983-1984 3400 Taft Boulevard couple who have fashioned themselves as but was not reappointed to his seat by the thought police of the textbook industry. Governor Mark White. Davis has a back- Wichita Falls Because publishers accommodate the huge ground in school finance and has consis- FW Books and Video Texas schoolbook market, educational deci- tently made the case for "funding up" the sions made here — and the censorious state's poorer districts, rather than "funding 400 Main, at Sundance Sq. influence of the Gablers — reach far beyond down" the state's wealthier districts. The Fort Worth our borders. funding formula is the heart of what the Here are the Observer's endorsements, Edgewood v. Kirby lawsuit is about — Crossroads Market in some of the contested races: providing equal educational opportunity to 3930 Cedar Springs Mary Helen Berlanga is an incumbent students attending school in districts poor Dallas running in District 2, which includes all of in local tax base. Davis will provide the the coastal counties from Nueces County, board with direction on school finance Garner & Smith Books south to the Lower Rio Grande Valley. She issues. He is a Democrat. 2116 Guadalupe is a Corpus Christi attorney who has been Paul Dunn, a Levelland dentist and Austin among the board's strongest special pro- school board member, is an incumbent grams advocates. Berlanga is something of whose district includes most of the Panhan- Sun Harvest #2 a teachers' board member who spends dle. Dunn, who is highly regarded by other 4904 Fredericksburg Rd. considerable time in her district's schools. board members and educators in his district, She is a D ,nocrat. has become an advocate of improved San Antonio Esteban Sosa, the Democratic candidate working conditions for teachers. He is a running in District 3, which extends south Democrat running in District 15. and east of San Antonio, has served on the Candidates in Districts 1, 4, 12, and 13 Harlaridale school board for 19 years. In are unopposed. —L.D. 10 • OCTOBER 28, 1988

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THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 11 INTERVIEW Bush and the New Right

BY JAMES RIDGEWAY

Washington, D.C. starting the Heritage Foundation, the major think that we as conservatives have enough HE NEW RIGHT conservatives, who thinktank of the Reagan era, and through experience at governing to know what works eight years ago so bitterly assailed his Free Congress Research and Education and what doesn't work. No one really T George Bush's presidential bid as a Foundation he presides over a panoply of knows, for example, what happens if you Trojan horse for liberalism, this fall are coalitions that have provided organization institute vouchers in a districtwide school united in their strong support for a man who and strategy for the right over the past eight system available to all students. . . . We've they now believe will bring back a Nixon- years. Now, he has set out to chart new got to do a lot of experimenting. That means style Presidency. Under George Bush, territory in a manner that puts him at odds taking power at the state level to the point whose election conservatives believe is with many of his Reagan-era allies. What where you not only have a governor, but assured, they look forward to far more Weyrich is calling for is the judicious use a legislature that could go along with these access and potential political clout than they of government power to achieve social and reforms and experiment and see what works. enjoyed during the last eight years of the political ends. Where some conservative Reagan Revolution. purists eschew government altogether, Ridgeway: Has your thinking changed over It has been widely assumed that as the Weyrich wants to experiment with such the last decade? Reagan era draws to a close, America is concepts as school vouchers. Weyrich also moving away from the right toward the recognizes that the potential constituency for To some degree. Although I was never middle of the road, and that Michael cultural conservatism cuts across both totally comfortable with an anti-government Dukakis can ride this current to victory in parties and draws from the Christian right. position because, having been brought up November. Yet the dominant themes in the in the Catholic tradition, we never looked campaign so far are neither liberal nor Weyrich: We will probably see a shift away on government as being wrong. moderate. The Republican platform, the from some of the ideas of the past towards convention in New Orleans, and the an amalgamation of various strains of Do you think Dukakis responds to cultural campaign itself thus far have all been conservatism, which, on the one hand, will conservatism? dominated by the imagery of the New Right be privatization-oriented, because that — from anti-communism to abortion to the works better, and, on the other hand, will There is no evidence of it. On cultural flag. And in the first debate last month be programmatic and will look for ways questions he's a radical. That's too bad for George Bush continued to hammer home through some means of government we can the Democratic party because I happen to conservative, not moderate, themes. Far help solve some people's problems. Please think that if we are going to get cultural from asserting any sort of moderate — let understand this is a radical departure from conservatism it probably has to be done by alone liberal — policy agenda, the Dukakis previous conservatism. It is what George the Democrats. campaign has been thrown on the defensive, Will once called the conservative welfare moving rightward as it fends off attacks on state. I don't happen to like that terminol- Don't you think Jesse Jackson to a certain the candidate's patriotism, his inexperience ogy. The point is people have real problems. extent represents some of this cultural in foreign policy, and what increasingly Government doesn't cause all their prob- conservatism? appear to be flawed economic and social lems. This was the conservative line in the policies in Massachusetts. past, that all your problems were caused In the middle of the campaign, I was sitting How do conservatives see the future? In by government. Government generally there listening to an analysis of why he got recent interviews, Richard Viguerie, How- doesn't make things better and certainly the such a high percentage of the white vote ard Phillips, and Paul Weyrich — three kind of liberal welfare state-oriented govern- in one of the primaries, and the commenta- founders of the New Right — discussed the ment hasn't made things better. It has made tors were saying, "Well, these are liberals campaign and where conservatism might be things worse. The question is, should you who feel guilty or something." I thought, headed in a Bush Presidency. be laissez-faire about it and simply have "Nonsense. These are people who are As in the past, Viguerie attacked liberals nothing done? Then the marketplace will hearing from Jesse Jackson a clear message for being soft on communism, while Phillips take care of everything. And that has been on drugs that none of the other candidates assailed the administration for abandoning a previous strain of conservatism which is at the time was touching at all." At the time, the contras in Nicaragua and Jonas Savimbi on the wane. A strain of conservatism that there was only one candidate out there — in Angola. I represent — which I think is on the I guess Pete DuPont was saying it on the But Weyrich was another matter. He ascendancy — is the strain which says, no, Republican side, but he almost wasn't believes that for the conservative movement people have real problems. There are credible. But there was one candidate out to truly triumph it must be prepared to do solutions within the context of our philoso- there who said, "I am committed to this more than rail against liberals and, indeed, phy to these problems. Therefore, we ought war. If you elect me I'm going to do must strike out in new directions. to take power and govern for the common something about your neighborhoods," and Weyrich goes back to the beginnings of good in order to put some of these solutions somehow he was credible. I think he got the New Right. He was instrumental in into practice, which will help the overall a lot of the lower-middle-class white vote situation. You're going to see a lot of things that said, "Yes, we are tired of this problem that are voucher-oriented. You're going to in our neighborhood and we don't care James Ridgeway's column, "The Moving see a lot of things that preserve the idea who's saying it. If he's saying it we're going Target," which appears first in the Village of choice, but by the same token have an to vote for him." That's why he got the Voice, is a regular feature of the Observer. element of government in them. . . . I don't white vote. So yes, in a strange sort of way

12 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 pressures Bush will encounter. . . . Jackson touched some cultural conservative Republican Party, but in the country as a themes. whole: there is an anti-liberal majority. I think it first manifested itself in the mid- Viguerie: Conservatives have never seen Bush as a conservative. We see Bush pretty Do you think Bush will win? 1960s. In 1966 congressional elections Republicans won back 38 to 40 House seats much the same way we saw Richard Nixon and Jerry Ford — as part of the old-line Yes, I think he may win. He may even win they had lost in 1964 in the Johnson landslide. . . . So I think Bush has discov- Republican establishment coming primarily big. But the most likely result, as I told from the eastern wing of the Republican Dan Quayle this morning, is that Bush ered that appealing to the national concerns barely wins and that Republicans lose of the American people — anti-communism, party — big business, country-club-type of support in the Congress and they have a patriotic values, pro-family values — is a Republicans. We're glad to have that element in the Republican Party but we don't hard time governing. . . . George Bush is politically desirable thing for him to do. But feel comfortable with them and they don't George Bush. I can't expect him to be unfortunately that anti-liberal majority, even as it has had its expectations raised every feel comfortable with us. Ronald Reagan. I can't expect him to be There is a shame and a glory about the Phil Gramm. I don't think you overcome four years, has never had a President who delivered on its promises. left in American politics in the 20th century. a lifetime of training and instincts just Their great glory was that early on they because of a political campaign. George I think a President Bush would be analogous to a President Ford. Jerry Ford could recognize the evils and danger of Bush is an intelligent individual and prob- Adolf Hitler. Their everlasting shame is that ably more open to political dialogue than carried forward with the policies of Richard Nixon. Conservatives tolerated wage and they cannot see the same danger, the same any national candidate I have ever dealt evil in the Soviet Union and in communism. with. He genuinely wants to engage in price controls, the betrayal of Taiwan, a one-sided SALT I agreement, economic I think Michael Dukakis has a very naive, political argumentation and discussion. In almost childlike view of the dangers the free that sense, maybe we won't do so badly. detente with the Soviet Union, and substan- tial expansion of Great Society funding world faces from the Soviet Union. I really Because, and with all due respect, and I think he has a soft spot in his heart for the love Ronald Reagan, but most of the because they liked Richard Nixon the man. They loved him for his enemies. But they Soviet Union. Clearly there are areas of the meetings I've had didn't involve a lot of world where he prefers a communist dialogue. They didn't involve a lot of were impatient with these policies under dialogue because if we got off the 4-by-5 Ford, and the New Right really gained its victory, such as Central America. Clearly cards, you know we weren't able to carry momentum under the Ford Presidency. I he prefers the Sandinistas to govern in on a whole lot. George Bush isn't like that. think you're going to see a, similar situation Central America, in southern Africa. And George Bush very much understands the under Bush. Reagan had that emotional bond I think that issue alone will probably be issues and the questions. I don't agree with with millions of rank-and-file conservatives. enough to prevent him from being elected a lot of his conclusions. I would say Bush He was not subject to the same kinds of President. 0 would like to be very cautious on virtually anything. Reagan's gut instinct was to go in a certain direction if he heard certain things. I always thought George Bush would be a bold conservative if he thought you could get by with doing it. Ronald Reagan *THE AUSTIN* taught him to a certain extent that you can be a lot bolder than Washington would like you to be. In that sense I think the eight years with Ronald Reagan have done him some good. The 'question is how much, and who exactly would he put in his administra- tion? The early signs are not that encourag- MINIM ing. The new secretary of education is certainly not someone I would have chosen. Dick Thornburgh is a fine fellow. I would not have chosen him, not because he's not Austin politics. an able attorney general, but culturally I think he sends a message about what the Austin entertainment. Bush administration is going to be like. It's this upper-crust group of people that I think the Republican Party has been trying to live Austin iconoclasm. down. The great thing about the Reagan administration is that it did have a Bill For seven years now, the Austin Chronicle has been keeping Bennett in it. tabs on the social and political kaleidoscope that is Texas' To sum up, you've moderated your views? capital city. From the South Texas Nuclear Project to from the war between the developers and the Moderating is a pleasant way to put it. They Greater Tuna, • say I sold out. I would like to see this environmentalists to the battles for arts funding, from Bill younger generation of conservatives come Clements to the Butthole Surfers, the Chronicle covers it all. to power to govern, not to oppose liberal- ism, but to govern in the positive sense. Available free at over 350 locations throughout the central Texas area, or by subscription ($25 bulk mail, $40 first class) from PO Box 49066, Austin 78765. George Bush has never been my 473-8995 Phillips: Editorial: (512) first choice for anything. . . . I think George Advertising: (512) 473-8200 Bush has discovered what Ronald Reagan learned many years before, not only in the THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 13 JOURNAL

legislature convenes and a long-term goal rare invertebrates. Citizens' Group of 500,000 signatures before 1990. A bulldozer interrupted their conversation "The number is a symbol of constituent as it rumbled down a recently cleared Finds Strength support to invest in Texas and a willingness service road 15 feet from the cave's mouth. to pay taxes — if they invest in people," Jackhammers pounded the earth as construc- in Numbers Cortes said. "And from 'sign up' we go tion workers dug foundations for yet another to 'line up,' " a second phase that includes Northwest Hills housing development. AUSTIN an effort to turn out voters. So far, 2,000 Sanders and other protestors occupied the Eleven hundred Austin Interfaith members members of the IAF statewide network have caves in late August to protest development participating in a statewide "Sign Up and signed on to work as block-walkers and 500 in the area. They felt the rare species of Take Charge" campaign heard brief mes- have committed to work at telephone banks beetles and spiders, known to exist only in sages from Democratic Railroad Commis- in the weeks prior to the election. According these caves, were in immediate danger after sioner John Sharp, Democratic Congress- to Cortes, many IAF members are con- owner/developer Fred Purcell reportedly man Jake Pickle, and Republican Secretary cerned that neither party is addressing threatened to fill in the caves with cement of State Jack Rains, each who affirmed his important economic issues in the campaign. to protect his interests. commitment to an Industrial Areas Founda- The current organizing effort will extend In the past three years, environmentalists tion statewide agenda that calls for increased beyond electoral politics and into the and academics from around the country have attention and funding for public education, legislative session that begins in January. cried out for protection of these Central higher education, housing, health care, and The IAF is a non-partisan, issues-oriented Texas caves. In a letter to the Memorial agriculture. Pickle, Sharp, and Rains were group. However, Democratic candidates Museum at the University of Texas at joined by Travis County Judge Bill Aleshire, and elected officials, who are generally Austin, three University of Texas professors Austin Mayor Lee Cooke, State Rep. more inclined to agree with the stated, "The proposed position of roads and Wilhelmina Delco, and other local elected organization's agenda, most often accept commercial developments will have serious officials and candidates who signed on with invitations to appear before IAF accountabil- detrimental effects on the caves and their the local agenda of the three-year-old Austin ity sessions. Bill Clements, who has never inhabitants." The letter continues, "In all Interfaith group. attended an IAF function, defeated Mark cases the proposed roads would allow Missing from the political rhetoric was White by a 229,264 vote margin in 1986, contamination of the caves by runoff from the standard pledge of no new taxes — the after White had defeated Clements by the streets both during and after construc- single variable that is becoming a constant 201,575 votes in 1982. So the 250,000 tion." in the equation of political campaigns of the registered voters signed on with the IAF Earth First, known for its dramatic late '80s. Though pollsters have identified agenda already represent a margin sufficient protests, hoped the cave sit-in would call taxation as an issue popular with working- to make a statewide election. And the attention to the problem and push the U.S. class voters, and candidates for the legisla- 500,000 goal, set for 1990, the year of the Fish and Wildlife Service into listing the ture use a single vote for the appropriations next gubernatorial election, should attract species as endangered — giving them bill in the 70th Legislature to indict additional bipartisan interest — even if protection under federal law. incumbent opponents, it doesn't work here. candidates suspect that a considerable Their strategy paid off. The Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF) is number of participants are Democrats. U.S. Fish and Wildlife claimed the one group that refuses to embrace the no- The appearance of Republican Secretary demonstration had nothing to do with the new-taxes theme. of State Jack Rains at the Austin meeting listing. But Christi Stevens of Earth First The 15-year-old IAF, best known for its might signal the beginning of greater said the listing was requested three years COPS organization in San Antonio and for Republican involvement. Rains, often men- ago and nothing came of it. "And now we Valley Interfaith in the Lower Rio Grande tioned as a candidate for governor in 1990, got the listing three weeks after the Valley, does not generally measure its size appeared at the Austin rally with several demonstration." in number of individuals, but rather in the local Republican candidates and assured IAF Stevens said the real victory was that the number of congregations participating in the members that he was in general agreement listing and ensuing protection became ten IAF affiliates across the state. with their political agenda. "effective immediately." Normally a listing But 250,000 registered voters who have —Louis DUBOSE doesn't take effect until 30 days after it has thus far signed a petition affirming that they been published in the Federal Register. will support and vote for candidates who What remains to be seen now is exactly back the IAF agenda provide some measure Feds Respond what kind of protection the U.S. Fish and of the organization's statewide strength. The Wildlife Service will give the caves and the figure, according to IAF state director to Activists' natural inhabitants. Ernesto Cortes, Jr., is a "solid number." Chuck Sexton of the Environmental According to Cortes, the organization has Cave-in Protection Agency in Austin said a biologi- set a goal of 350,000 signatures before the cal assessment team will be sent to the site AUSTIN to assess the size and placement of a Twenty-four-year-old Mark Sanders poked protective buffer zone. The team will then his head out of Kretschmarr cave in submit their suggestions to U.S. Fish and and Associates Northwest Austin and talked to fellow Earth Wildlife who will negotiate the protective 1117 West 5th Street First member Ron Cook about supplies. measures with the landowners. E Austin, Texas 78703 REALTOR (1 The cave opening was little more than —GREGG WATKINS Representing all types of properties a hole in the ground about the width of in Austin and Central Texas Interesting & unusual property a specialty. Sanders's shoulders. But it opens into larger 477-3651 subterranean rooms, 15 to 20 feet below Gregg Watkins is an Observer editorial the surface, that house several species of intern. 14 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 POLITICAL INTELLIGENCE

v DEAR TEXAS, began the letter we dency. Lord, expose Dukakis's background. heavy hands and are not good at that kind recently received from the Ann Richards Lord awaken your people to this sinister plot of work." With that, Brand suggested that Committee (we are on her mailing list as to slip a hardline pro-sodomist-abortionist workers in the American Southeast rank low Texas Observer and a computer apparently in the White House." in manual skill. "If you tried to put through put us on a first-name basis). "I may enter Relfe's eight-page screed (which came to the same thing we're doing here over in the toughest political campaign of my career us by way of an Observer friend whose the Southeast, I'd have to say to you that — for just about the toughest political job mother-in-law receives right-wing mail) is labor on a scale of one to ten on manual in the country: Governor of Texas." truly a masterpiece of its genre and is worth dexterity would rank about three or four." Richards's letter discusses her achievements quoting at length. Besides hitting Dukakis He did not go on to discuss the comparative as state Treasurer and the goals she would for supporting gay rights and abortion and thickness of people's skulls. set as governor. "We will build an agenda vetoing the pledge of allegiance, Relfe that allows us to shake off backward notions breaks new ground on the witchcraft I AS CONGRESS prepared to ad- about our economy . . . about public question. She reveals that Dukakis as journ before the elections, the Houston Post education . . . about the stewardship of our governor of Massachusetts "appointed decided that Jim Wright's one term as House resources . . . about the opportunities for Laurie Cabot of Salem as the state's 'official Speaker was more than enough. In an our people," Richards writes. She is witch in residence.' " Recall Deuteronomy October 9 editorial the Post likened Wright soliciting contributors to her fund who will 18:10-12, she advises: "There shall not be to Ed Meese and called for the Speaker's make monthly contributions to show "that found among you anyone that . . . useth resignation. you are with me for the long haul." Richards devination or . . . an enchanter, or a witch, It was not just Wright's recent comments is expected to officially announce after the or a charmer, or a consulter." Letting on the CIA's role in destabilizing Nicaragua Presidential election her intention to make Nancy Reagan and her astrologers off the that angered the Post editorialists. Nor was the governor's race. She and her certain hook, Relfe goes after Dukakis and one of it allegations of improper influence on behalf Democratic opponent, Attorney General Jim his "closest friends and advisors," Costa of Texas S&Ls, nor was it Wright's Mattox, will have to put fundraising on hold Rican president Oscar Arias, "who is "autocratic leadership style" that set the in January because of a law that prohibits heavily involved in witchcraft." editorialists off. "At bottom, what is at stake state campaign solicitation while the legisla- While advising her readers to "pray for here is Wright's ability to do the job," the ture is in session. the salvation of Dukakis" it is the bad newspaper said. "It is the Post's judgement company of the Democratic nominee that that he has fumbled it irretrievably." V NOT ALL political activists have is most disturbing: "The `far-out' elements In contrast, the Fort Worth Star-Telegram appreciated the long-range planning that of our society, ACLU, People for the ran a profile of Wright the same day that, early-bird candidates are showing. San American Way, gays and lesbians, the union while acknowledging the House ethics Antonian Kathleen Voigt complains that bosses, Madalyn Murray O'Hair, and even investigation of the Speaker, credited him fundraising appeals from statewide candi- the Communist Party USA have joined with with leading the way to legislative initiatives dates have been a distraction from the the NEA who all see in Dukakis their rising on housing, education, welfare, trade and campaign that matters most: Dukakis for star. This coalition is orchestrating one great other issues. "Wright's Democratic-con- President. In addition to the letters from the push for the Democratic candidate Novem- trolled House has completed the most Richards and Mattox camps, she says she's ber 8, 1988." ambitious agenda since the Great Society received a mailing from Waco insurance "If Christians do not wake up now, join years of Lyndon B. Johnson's presidency executive Bernard Rapoport, who is asking hands, work, pray and inform others of this in the 1960's," wrote Dave Montgomery Democrats to consider supporting state impending catastrophe," Relfe continues, "I of the Star-Telegram's Washington bureau. Senator Chet Edwards of Duncanville in the predict a Cultural Revolution, not unlike that 1990 lieutenant governor's race, even imposed on the Chinese in the 1960s which V MANY DEMOCRATS around though Comptroller Bob Bullock is staking saw 80 million Christians murdered, Bibles the state were grumbling in October that that race out for himself. Voigt says she confiscated, and churches burned." Dukakis hadn't stood up to Bush's negative is not interested in the 1990 Lt. Gov.'s race. Of course, under the Reagan ad blitz with enough spine. Art Brender, "Talk to me on November ninth," she says. administration, such a group as the League a Democratic candidate for state Representa- "[Right now] I don't give a damn about of Prayer need not worry about its non-profit tive in Fort Worth, couldn't help admiring either one of them." status being threatened by putting out such wistfully the recent performance of one of blatantly partisan propaganda. "My bowels, 1988's great non-candidates: Mario Cuomo. V BUT AS FOR giving a damn, the my bowels!" Indeed. New York's governor was in Fort Worth League of Prayer does. The Montgomery, October 11 at a Jim Wright fundraiser. Alabama-based religious organization cares According to Brender, Cuomo "went right enough about the Presidential election to put McALLEN MAYOR Othal Brand down the liberal agenda and said it's nothing out a "Dukakis Fact Sheet" that damns made some interesting socio-biological to be ashamed of." People in the audience Dukakis as a "hardline pro-sodomist- observations in late September in a speech were "yellin' and screamin' " with enthusi- abortionist." The fact sheet carries a cover at Pan American University in Edinburg. asm, Brender said. Cuomo in '92, anyone? letter from Mary Stewart Relfe that begins "Mexico has a wealth of labor," said the by quoting Jericho 4:19. "My bowels, my mayor, who also heads one of the largest V ALSO AT THE WRIGHT fund- bowels! I am pained at my very heart; my agricultural companies in the Valley. "They raiser was Gov. Bill Clements, who praised heart maketh a noise in me. I cannot hold have a tremendous labor force. Of course, the Speaker of the House as "a great my peace." With that, Relfe relieves herself you know that. These people have manual American." Anti-Wright Republicans in of a prayer she has said time and again, dexterity that on a scale of one to ten is Washington were not pleased with she says, since the Democratic convention: about a ten. Well, that's not true of many Clements's apparently faint heart in the war "Lord, deliver us from an 'ACLU' presi- countries. Many peoples have thick fingers, on Wright. ❑ THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 15 FICTION Ghost Story

BY DEBBIE NATHAN

CAN'T REMEMBER exactly when ber, the backyards grew chilly at night but grease ate translucent holes in the brown Danny and I broke up — it's been 15 the soap opera beauties still recited lovelorn paper; the burritos plopped onto the side- I years now — but I know it was after lines in the cooling evening. walk. Halloween. That was the last night we were That night, on the way to Chato's party, "Que to dije," sneered his big sister. He comfortable together, and even then, we we were whipping around the I-10 spaghetti tore off his sheet and cried. were only half comfortable. We were going bowl where all four Gateways meet, feeling As we pulled up to Chato's little drive- to a costume party at his friend Chato's the changing of the seasons, wearing way, he slowed down a little. "Chato's mom house. His big sister went as a killer bee, sunglasses we didn't need so late in the year. has been pregnant for seven years." in the bathing cap and goggles she had worn He told me about his first Halloween. "Seven years! The woman's at least 50. for her swimming class at UT-El Paso. I He was in the first grade — this was in What are you talking about?" I said. can't remember what he wore, but he took the early fifties — and the teacher had just "Yeah. Well, see, she's not really great pleasure in dressing me as Pancho taught his class all about witches and pregnant. She just thinks she is. She Villa, with a wide sombrero from the tourist costumes and candy corn. His English complains a lot about how it hurts, so I'm junk shops of Avenida Juarez and a fake just telling you. Be nice to her." moustache so thick it didn't matter I was "Jesus Christ," I said. "The woman's a woman. He used to say I was the first sick! Why doesn't Chato or his sisters take Anglo girl he'd ever dated. her to a shrink?" We had changed into our costumes at his That night, He just looked at me for a second, through place, which was by Fort Bliss, near the those sunglasses. "Hey. She's their mother. storefront lab he and his friends ran. They on the way to And that's not the way you show your made a living there leaching the silver from mother respect. So you don't say anything. old hospital X-rays. On the side, they Chato's party, OK?" He turned away. assayed bags of ugly rocks brought in by Not long after we broke up, we met and Vietnam vets with sunbleached eyes — men he told me married other people. His wife was the driven by their GI surplus mine detectors blondest, most Anglo girl you could and dreams of finding El Dorado somewhere about his first imagine, and they moved up in the hills in the Franklin Mountains. where Highway 54 fades away from He'd moved near the shop after he fought Halloween everything; then they left El Paso entirely, with his dad, a postman who had come to went to Houston, where everyone knows El Paso from northern Chihuahua a long about Halloween. time ago, back when it didn't matter if you He and his wife both got involved in had papers or not. He said it was because wasn't good yet, but it hardly mattered since computers. After a few years she took a his father wouldn't come to his graduation no one in the neighborhood spoke it much job three states way, in Silicon Valley, when he got his B.A. in Philosophy; and better. He asked his eight-year-old sister to leaving him in Houston, convincing him the week he registered for the Master's take him trick-or-treating. She didn't want they could be a two-career couple and make program in Linguistics, the old man mocked to. He begged and begged, and she finally very long calls late at night, after the rates him for wanting more school. agreed. But she said "Ya veras." You'll went down. One day she called him early He didn't speak much about such prob- see. in the afternoon, when the rates were still lems; he was the type who'd rather talk They both put on Caspar sheets and high. She said she loved someone else. about things like his Master's thesis project started their rounds, swinging brown gro- — which was to create a program you could cery bags. The first house they knocked at T WAS FRAN who told me that story; use to run most words of the Latin language a lady answered. I'd lost touch with Danny over the through a computer and come up with "Trick or treat!" he and his sister said. I years, but she had been in the Spanish (using regular rules of historical "Que???" said the lady. They explained all Linguistics program with us, and she kept phonological transformation). He seemed about Halloween, how she was supposed to up on the gossip. A few days before a recent happy in his one-bedroom apartment near give them a treat or they would do terrible Halloween, I was at Pizza Hut with Fran Dyer Street, though Chato and most of his things to her driveway and mailbox. "Ah," and her lover Linda, who had just had her other pals still lived with their parents where the lady said. She bustled to her kitchen Ed Psych doctoral dissertation published by he'd grown up. near Piedras-Alameda and and returned with two bean burritos, which a very reputable press. We'd ordered deep the Franklin Canal. The streets were narrow she dropped into the paper bags. "Gracias," dish, with black olives, salad on the side there, the houses crumbling but quiet; and his big sister muttered. She looked at him, for half price. The talk ran from complaints housewives sat outside at night in damp little disgusted. about male chauvinism in the psychology matchbox yards, watching telenovelas over At the next house, the lady said she'd department to loving descriptions of the the din of green parakeets and young men never heard of this Halloween. Was it like house Fran and Linda had bought near gunning eight-cylinder engines. Come Octo- Day of the Dead? In any case, that wasn't UTEP. After their second beers, they got until two days from now. Sorry. At the third a bit maudlin about their neighborhood. Just Debbie Nathan is a writer who lives in El house they got two more bean burritos. That perfect, except two close to the river, they Paso. was all the grocery bags could bear. The said. 16 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 "The problem • is all the people coming shrink-wrapped cookies in a white sack. fries a big mob of Juarez kids in raggedy to the door all the time," Fran said. "Last Danny and I sat watching the games, and tee-shirts came in yelling, "trick or treat!" week I was so embarrassed — I answered I said, "Hey. Remember that story you told They pronounced it pretty good as they ran and one of them asked if I had any work, me about your first trick-or-treat and the from table to table with their soggy bags, and there was my lawn with the grass high burritos?" holding out handfuls of loose candy corn. enough to hide in! And me and him standing He looked at me blankly. I repeated all They managed to sell a fair amount of it in it up to our ankles. And I said no, I didn't the details, everything I could remember. to the American kids, too, until a parent have any work for him. God I was so But he just shrugged. complained to Chato's little brother. embarrassed." "You're thinking about someone else," He was pretty nice about it though — he Linda, the quieter one, said. "You know, he said. gave each of them a Happy Meal before

I hate Halloween. They've really ruined it." "No, come on. It was you. I'm sure of he kicked them out. ❑ Fran waved her hands back and forth in it; I have a good memory." agreement. "There's just gangs of them," "Well, all that was a long time ago. And she said. "Little kids, big kids. They come that kind of a story . . . maybe you heard from Juarez in truckloads. They don't even it in Spanish. And to tell you the truth, your wear costumes, and you give them all your Spanish wasn't so good back then. So maybe candy and in ten minutes there's nothing you didn't catch all the words just right. left. I- guess they take it back and sell it Those kinds of things can get lost in (TN or something. . . . Last year I gave them translation, you know." INN) all my treats. And when that all ran out, So I blew it off, and as we were ordering I gave them dimes. Then I ran out of change. Listed On The National Register And they still kept ringing the bell. More of Historic Places and more of them! It's terrible!" ANDERSON & COMPANY' "And I so used to love putting out the COFFEE "Go gather by the humming sea TEA SPICES jack-o-lantern and doing trick-or-treat and Some twisted, echo-harboring shell, TWO JEFFERSON SWAM: all," Linda sighed. "But those kids from AUSTIN, TEXAS Mal And to it all thy secrets tell" Juarez . . . now we just put up a sign that W. B. Yeats says 'No Dulces,' and we turn out the porch 512 453-1533 .Send me your list. light and hide." (512) 749-5555 Fran stabbed a black olive with her Name fingernail, then perked up. P.O. Box 8 "Hey," she said, "Did you know Street Port Aransas, TX 78373 Danny's coming to visit in a few days?" Zip He showed up at my house on Halloween, 'City 40 and divorced. There were never any kids, and I was silent and tactful about this, because he's the type we all thought would have many children, and quickly. My husband's an emergency room doctor at the nearby 'hospital but he had the night off, so' after dinner, Danny told us to live it up, find a party; he'd love to babysit our daughter and son. They put on their costumes and got their bags, but Danny said no way! He wasn't going to let them go trick-or-treating. Not the way things are A timely print job means now, he said. Not with all the maniacs nothing if it doesn't make it putting needles and razor blades in the treats. to the post office on time. Our "Danny!" I laughed. "Don't you know people do what it takes to make that's all a myth? Aside from some kids putting stuff in their candy to get attention, your deadline. We can do there hasn't been one documented case of razor blades or glass in treats in the whole the whole job from computer mailing list country!" production and printing to labeling and delivery. "I don't believe you," he said. "You should, because it's the truth." Call Futura at 389-1500. "Well, then why does the hospital X-ray the kids' candy for free every year?" Em • loyee Owned and Managed "That's a lot of crap," I said. "Pure PR stunt." My son and daughter looked at us, wide- eyed. Danny looked at me. "You want them to hear you saying that COMMUNICATIONS, INC. about the place their father works?" he said. AUSTIN, TEXAS So we took the kids to a party at the McDonald's on Piedras. It turned out that 3019 Alvin DeVane, Suite 500 389-1500 the manager was one of Chato's little Data Processing • Typesetting • Printing • Mailing brothers; he smiled a lot and gave each of the children a little hamburger and some THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 17 BOOKS & THE CULTURE Hungry Voices, Desperate Lives

BY LOUIS DUBOSE

GOOD ROCKIN' TONIGHT Club. three big Delco batteries they used for By Wiliam Hauptman But Nortex isn't Greater Tuna, either. power. The hill couldn't be seen from the New York: Basic Books, 1988 There is, in William Hauptman's fictitious road, and so far nobody seemed to know 184 pages, $7.95 Panhandle town, as much pathos as there they were there. The couch folded out into is humor. Bubba, we are given to believe, a bed. On cool nights, they slept under HE YEAR Elvis died is as good a by the time he's run out of town by the a Space Blanket. At least they weren't point of departure as any for a IRS and a husband and father of two of starving to death, and Mickey said it T collection of short stories. No single his former lovers, is really a better and more wouldn't rain for a couple of months yet. pop cultural figure so portended — and interesting man than all the rest —who pretty In the end, Bobby gives up on Uncle Mickey helped bring about — the age in which most much settle for the old American working and looks for the road back to Nortex — of us now life. Not even Ronald Reagan. class okey-dokey. Cut from the same fabric and perhaps his old job at "Monkey In Texas cities, most came to terms with as Holly Golightly, Bubba will always land Wards. " His death — Presley's that is. But there are on his feet. He's certainly more interesting those smaller towns — sub-Waco-sized,' say than his gynecologist brother, who has lost ORTEX, LIKE ANY other — where life without the King is, well, all interest in women and life in Nortex. Panhatthe city, is a place that tries almost unbearable. Places like Nortex, And it's Nortex, not Bubba, that's lost its N to take care of its own business. where His death was certain to result in at direction. "Life's a road," Bubba tells Ross. Which is not always easy, particularly since least a few people's already slippery grips An apt metaphor. "The road," as Quixote "the bottom had dropped out of the price on reality giving way. So when Ross tells Sancho, "is always better than the inn." of oil." One of the town's biggest Moody's younger brother, Bubba, decided But, as Quixote learns in the beginning, employers, Lone Star Drilling, filed to trade in his future at Prudential for a the road is rarely as kind as the inn. (And Chapter 11 and the First Bank of Nortex white, sequined jumpsuit, an opportunity to remember, he stayed in some pretty bad is about to go belly up. "Local ministers become the state's, and maybe even the places.) Particularly when the road leads to were urging a return to the traditional values country's best Elvis impersonator, it came a place like Gillette, Wyoming, the "Boom of God and family. Local oil men were as no big surprise. Like just about everybody Town" title of the second of seven very praying for a war in the Middle East: else living in rural or small-town Texas, good stories included in this collection. It Another oil embargo was the only thing that Bubba Moody was not a happy nor a is to Gillette that a Nortex boy, just out could save them." And though no one fulfilled person. of high school, follows his uncle "to make mentions national politics, I somehow And Nortex isn't what it used to be. big coin roughnecking on an oil rig, and suspect that George Bush will carry Nortex Already the town includes one uncloseted [where] the boy could learn a little about without too much difficulty. trartvestite, Bobby Joe Pitts, barred from real life." Though the plot suggests a But now and again Nortex cares, and First Methodist after he showed up "looking mechanism that might move a modern-day reaches out to the rest of the world, as it something like Mary Tyler Moore." And tale of the picaro, Bobby, following his does in "Hands Across America." Where progress has arrived in the form of a drifter uncle, lacks the pluck and luck by things don't proceed as planned and a group shopping mall: " . . . a depressing place. which the picaro survives. And in Gillette, of rednecks picks a fight with the story's Nobody had been able to rest until we got Bobby and Uncle Mickey can't even find protagonists — a family of four struggling one. There must have been a thousand an inn they can afford: to hang together — as they take their place editorials in the paper about it." And then . . . One day they'd been out driving in the transcontinental line. Participation in there are those residents of Nortex bringing the event, by which Nortex makes the urban culture of the pop-psychological around, and Mickey had opened a gate and had driven up to the top of this hill. "Why network news, serves to ratify the town's variety back home from Dallas. Worldly should we go back to that town," he asked, existence: "That's why we did it, she men like Harley Otis, who dressed "in "where we just have to spend all our coin thought. To get our picture taken. To prove polyester pants, white loafers with gold just keeping a roof over our heads? Why to everyone that we're here." chains, a leather jacket, and a Dacron shirt not just set up housekeeping right here?" One also suspects at least a bit of with the collar spread out on the shoulders." Bobby had protested that this land autobiographical cartography in Hauptman's Just back from a Successful Life course, belonged to somebody. It was somebody short stories, particularly "Kozmic Blues" Harley Otis was full of psychocybernetic else's property. — recherche du temps perdu-hippie-fiction wisdom, typically reduced to suggestions "Sure, it belongs to somebody," Mickey so good that it will send you looking for like, "You've got to set goals for yourself." had said. "He's only got about a million the peyote field you remember from your Harley's immediate goal, as "Good acres. Don't you think he can afford to own quest for self-knowledge 20 years ago. Rockin' " unfolds, is to get into Tina spare us some room?" The story moves quickly from Austin, Eubanks's pants. Beyond that, he has his So they bought the furniture from the where Hauptman attended the University of sights set on the presidency of the Kiwanis Salvation Army, and the ice box, and the Texas, to San Francisco in the springtime 18 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 of the Summer of Love. The protagonist writers, has come close to anything like he doesn't cross it. once met Janis Joplin, who at the time of magic realism — the Latin Americanficcion And Hauptman the playwright obviously their meeting lived in the Scottish Rite by which the boundaries of the real and the has developed a remarkable ear for Dormitory, "notorious for its homely imaginary disappear. Others have to settle dialogue, an ability to quickly develop a girls." He had also read On the Road. And for extending the boundary — always character, and a sense of place. It could so he sets out for San Francisco looking watching out for that point where character be his experience in the theater by which, for relief from a strange depression that becomes caricature. Larry McMurtry, without a single line of description, he Austin couldn't cure. In San Francisco, he though he occasionally crosses the line, does evokes a place as real as the Panhandle town moves in with friends, drops acid, and this as well as anyone. Hauptman here of Nortex. cheats on his macrobiotic diet, slipping off approaches the limit, particularly in "As promising a book as I've seen come each day to a restaurant called the Pig Stand "Rockin' Tonight" and "Stormchaser," out of Texas in a long while," McMurtry for a 50-cent, yang-filled pork sausage both Nortex stories where amiable writes in a publisher's blurb. That is not

sandwich. Texcentrics define what we're about. But terribly overstated. ❑ A date with Janis, once a possibility back in Austin, might be his only salvation. The story's protagonist finds Janis Joplin, singing at the funeral of Hells Angel, Chocolate George. Maybe it's the acid, or maybe a revelation that would have occurred without the blessed drug, but he realizes The Irony of Palestine exactly what it is about her that thrills everyone: "It was the hunger of her voice . . . a cry for help — a cry for love. She BY GREG MOSES was starving for love, like I was. She needed love desperately, she was suffering from the BLAMING THE VICTIMS: that in the middle of the twentieth century same all-consuming hunger, a hunger that Spurious Scholarship — in the golden age of people's rights to could kill." and the Palestinian Question self-determination — Palestine was dropped Then: Edited by Edward W. Said and from the map of the world." Christopher Hitchens By way of ancient habits and modern A blow on my head knocked me New York: Verso, 1988 manipulations, we Americans have a way senseless. One of the Angels had thrown 296 pages, $13.95 (paper) of turning our ugly side toward the Arab a snowball made of crushed ice. I picked world. To begin with, we have inherited myself up and got another one in the face. HEN JOSHUA fought the battle through our intellectual institutions a bias The Angels were laughing. People of Jericho, destroying for the Greek as opposed to the Persian started moving away from me. It wasn't W everything, putting everyone to (Gore Vidal's crafty subversion of such good when the Angels singled you out. the sword — "men and women, young and bigotry in his novel Creation old, and also cattle, sheep, and asses" notwithstanding). And Colin McEvedy In the end, the road leads back to Austin. (Joshua 6:21) — sparing only the lives of reminds us how our own West European And for Hauptman, on to the Yale School the prostitute Rahab and her family out of stock for at least a millennium has been of Drama and then to New York where he gratitude for services rendered, on that scandalously over-zealous in its brutality now earns his living as a playwright. mythical day God's righteous army was just towards the Moslems. Hence a disgraced Recently, he won a Tony Award for Big beginning its campaign against the kingdoms Catholic Church was forced to disown its River, his musical adaptation of Huckleberry of the hill country. own crusades. And when our Puritan Finn. "It was the Lord's purpose that they Fathers set up their fortress of religious "Pure Sex" and "Moon Walking," the should offer an obstinate resistance to the tolerance, they could take the story of Joshua two stories set in New York, are more Israelites in battle, and that thus that they as an allegory for their own destiny. The emotionally austere and hardly as fecund should be annihilated without mercy and native infidel must die; God's righteousness and freewheeling as the four Nortex utterly destroyed, as the Lord had must prevail. By a process of double chronicles. But Hauptman's sense of small commanded Moses" (Joshua 11:20). By validation, our Fathers affirmed the domestic tragedy — with a city as cold and God's grace, and according to His battle worthiness of Joshua's mission as he kindly mean as only New York can be in winter plans, "Joshua massacred the population of confirmed ours. Did no one ever kneel along serving as a backdrop —provides for the whole region" (Joshua 10:40). the way to pray as Augustine suggested: urban/urbane fiction as good as anything he Here in the Judeo-Christian West, where "Deliver me from my necessities!"? has set back in Texas. Here again it is children are taught their traditional moral Today, writes Said, "Israel is the evident that Hauptman is writing of what values to the accompaniment of a lilting recipient of more U.S. aid than any state and where he knows; both stories develop melody about Joshua and Jericho, it is really in history. It is estimated that every Israeli on the periphery of the New York theater too easy to be deliberately confounded. citizen today is subsidized by the U.S. at scene. Hence the need for Edward W. Said and roughly $1,400 per annum; each member Yet the best story in the collection is colleagues (in Blaming the Victims) to of the Israeli military is underwritten by the "Sierra Wave," a short piece of derivative remind us that Palestine is "the birthplace U.S. at about $9,750 per year." fiction that moves the triangular plot of of urban life. It is 'the only place in the Furthermore, "because attention to Israel Hemingway's "Short Happy Life of Francis world where a town is known to date back has been institutionalized and because its Macomber" from Africa to age-of-Reagan nine thousand years.' Jericho is the oldest valence is so positive in Western public life, Southern California. The story is sustained continuously inhabited city in the world, there has been a tendency, in the U.S. by a growing undercurrent of dramatic being 'four thousand years older than any especially, to associate resistance to Israel tension that Hemingway perhaps never other urban settlement known at present.' not simply with 'terrorism' and achieved. Technically and dramatically. It is one of the greatest ironies of history `communism,' but also with anti- "Sierra Wave" is nothing less than Semitism. " excellent. Greg Moses, a longtime Observer The latter tendency was confirmed most Only William Goyen, among this state's contributor, lives in Austin. recently in Austin when pro-Palestinian THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 19 graffiti on a Jewish student structure was "direct, hostile Jewish operations against no criticism of her work has appeared in labeled by students and reported by the press Arab settlements." the U.S.?" In his outrage, Said develops as an anti-Semitic gesture. Either one is for Correspondents who continue to write an eloquent critique upon what Theodor continued Israeli domination of the that the story of expulsion of such natives Adorno and Max Horkheimer once called Palestinians, or one is anti-Semitic. in 1947 is "oft-repeated though false" (see the culture industry: Meanwhile the events of the past year "Dialogue," TO, 9/30/88) should check demonstrate a need for alternative reflexes. their reflexes against the findings of these I speak here less as a Palestinian who Unless, of course, one takes the example collected essays. Of course, the most recent wants to keep saying "but we exist and of Joshua as a righteous mandate. always have and always will," than as an American intellectual disgraced by the Said and co-editor Christopher Hitchens shoddiness of our present so-called life of have collected and produced 11 essays in the mind. . . . Has it come to this, then: hopes that American reflexes are not "We exist and an unconsciously held ideology that permits inevitable facts of nature. Said writes an the most scandalous and disgusting lies — introduction and three essays, and he co- always have and execrably written, totally disorganized, authors the concluding essay, "A Profile hysterically asserted — to pass as genuine of the Palestinian People." Hitchens, in his always will." scholarship, factual truth, political insight, article entitled "Broadcasts," looks for without any significant challenge, demurral evidence that Arab broadcasters urged or even polite reservation? . . . In this way Palestinians to flee their land in 1947. "Even inspiration for the hard line, Joan Peters's — democratically — do intellectuals and though nobody has ever testified to having tome, From Time Immemorial, published the state synchronize their efforts to sweep heard them, and even though no record of with chilling timeliness in 1984, is once the small people of the world under the their transmission has ever been found, we again the subject of refutation. Norman G. rug. shall hear of these orders and broadcasts Finkelstein, who gets credit as one of the Enough ink has been spilled over these again and again." Why? Because hardline few early critics of Peters in the U.S., precious pages lately to indicate how much Israeli supporters prefer the picture of a readdresses concerns he first published in attention the Palestinian question is getting, voluntary abandonment, the better to occupy In These Times. Said ponders the critical finally. As we amateurs of the American our minds and Palestinian land. Against this fate of Peters's book in his essay, electorate settle into our cushioned reposes, preference, Hitchens cites a 1986 article by "Conspiracy of Praise," noting with seeking to renew our own myth of our own Israeli historian Dr. Benny Morris who consternation how U.S. kudos were issued participatory empire, perhaps we can at least uncovered an intelligence report from the in contrast to British and Israeli brickbats. open up a living testament from, this time, Israeli Defense Forces. The intelligence "Granted that Peters is an inept writer, a an unorthodox culture, and wonder if our report concluded that the number one reason bad propagandist and a hopelessly compassion might not, this time also, come for emigration of Arabs from Palestine was incompetent historian, how is it that virtually too late. 111

DIALOGUE

Continued from Page 2 are subsidized by U.S. dollars, because they totally ignores the background and the , of the area, and correspondents found no feel any criticism of the Israeli Government context, trying hard to portray a biased such instructions. is somehow "anti-semitic." picture as if Israel arbitrarily detains On the other hand, reliable Palestinians We need to Speak Up for human rights! innocent people and holds them under hard and Israelis are still alive who heard the U.S. taxpayer dollars should be used for conditions. To set the record straight, I wish threatening loudspeaker announcements development and growth — not to support to state the following: from the Stern Gang and Irgun trying to brutality. Israeli liberals and moderates need The first thing which must be frighten villagers into fleeing. Panic also every bit of support that we can give them. remembered is that Ketziot and other Israeli resulted as knowledge spread of the There has been an unprecedented explosion measures are in response to a threat. The massacre of villagers at Deir Yassin by the of new peace groups in Israel, reflecting disturbances and civil disorders, which have Stern Gang/Irgun on April 9, 1948. It was the moral outrage of many Israelis, but racked the territories since December at natural for the Israeli military leadership at Israeli politicians need to get a loud message varying levels of intensity, constitute the war to encourage and expedite the departure that Americans are upset and expect most recent link in a long chain of violence of the non-Jewish population, including meaningful efforts towards peace and directed against Israel during the course of mass urban deportations, although many reconciliation. this century. The current violence and moderate Israelis urged restraint and called Bert Golding disruptions have threatened vital services, for villagers to remain. Houston as well as the safety and lives of the The Israeli historian, Benny Morris, inhabitants in the area, Jew and Arab. describes the entire complex situation in his Israel's Consul Extremist elements, belonging either to scholarly new study, "The Birth of the Objects PLO-affiliated or militant Islamic Palestinian Refugee Problem, 1947-1949," Fundamentalist groups, have throughout this And so to the present. Once again an Mr. James C. Harrington has recently time done everything possible to exacerbate Israeli government is imposing brutal published in this newspaper an article full tensions and enforce the total compliance policies — arbitrary detention, beatings, of distorted facts and false accusations under of the local Arab population with their will. illegal deportations. An "Iron Fist" to the title "Inside an Israeli Detention Camp" Facing a danger to its security interest repress a Palestinian population which has (TO, 9/16/88). He endeavors to describe and, as the authority now responsible for been squeezed out of its land and water therein at length conditions at the Ketziot the welfare of the residents of the territories, rights and feels it has no future and nothing Prison Facility, while at the same time Israel has been compelled to take all to lose. Many Americans are sickened, but admitting that he never visited the place. necessary measures to end the violence and remain silent, even though Israeli activities Moreover, in a most one-sided manner he unrest. The actions taken against extremist 20 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 elements, who are interested in a situation facility has been visited by members of members from the Knesset, most European inimical to genuine dialogue and Israel's Legislature, the Knesset, countries and the United States. Our findings coexistence, are moreover in keeping with representatives of the domestic and were entirely consistent with theirs — and Israel's efforts to promote prospects for international media, and representatives of those recently released by Amnesty peace negotiations. These talks would also various human rights organizations in International. determine the final status of Judea-Samaria addition to the visits of the Red Cross and Sure, a prisoner held without proof of (the West Bank) and the Gaza District. the fact that the facility is subject to the guilt can "appeal his detention"; but the The scope and suddenness of the turbulent inspection of the state ombudsman. "appeal" is to a military official, without developments in the territories found the On September 1, three Israel Supreme semblance of trial; there is no right of appeal existing prison facilities inadequate. The Court Justices visited the Ketziot prison to the civil courts — not even to Israel's need to handle a large number of prisoners facility. Their purpose was to obtain a High Court, which has decided that it lacks — individuals who had been active in the firsthand view of conditions there following jurisdiction in "military" matters. rioting, or who had acted, openly or behind a complaint submitted to the High Court of Mr. Artzieli's food for prisoners which the scenes, to prolong and intensify the Justice by 17 security prisoners. During the is "based on Israeli military diet" is actually violence — necessitated the opening of a visit, which took more than five hours, they rations with years-old expiration dates, new facility at Ketziot in Southern Israel. spoke with prison officials and inmates. which are often spoiled. With the quick establishment of Ketziot This accessibility to a security prison Indeed, families can visit the detainees; prison, not all problems pertaining to living during a time of crisis is unique in the but they must know the prisoner's number conditions were immediately resolved, history of nations, including democratic because the military will not "recognize" although at the outset every effort was made societies which have, in the past, felt the his name; and, because Ketziot is inside to insure proper conditions. With time the need to take similar measures against threats Israel proper, relatives must hire an Israeli situation has improved. While life in any to their own security. This openness and bus and driver for the four- to six-hour prison is never easy, a fair look at the scrutiny, especially by Israel's legislative drive, prove that their taxes are paid (i.e. , conditions at Ketziot shows that the and executive branches, as well as by the that they are not engaged in passive authorities are doing everything possible to highest judicial authority in the land, is in resistance), and cannot stay overnight in the meet the needs of the prisoners. keeping with Israel's democratic character nearby town. Hardly a benign policy. A few examples: and with the recognition that, while Mr. Artzieli forgets to mention that the Water, stored in huge tanks which are measures must be taken to contain the threat prisoners' "mattresses" are on wooden refilled three times a day is available on to public safety and order, satisfactory slabs, inches above the ground, in open- the basis of 75 liters (20 gallons) per standards must be maintained for the air tents and exposed to insects, vipers, and prisoner per day; shower facilities, latrines, prisoners. other vicissitudes of the desert. and water faucets are available from Ketziot was established to meet immediate I could go on, but this should make my 5:30 a.m. until 10 p.m. security needs and a problem which Israel point. Meals are provided three times a day. hopes will be resolved as soon as possible. Finally, many, many of the detainees are Based on the Israeli military diet, they are By restraining those who agitate for violence not violent, and certainly not terrorists. prepared by the prisoners according to their and engage in it, Israel is seeking to defuse They are doctors, lawyers, professors, own tastes. Fresh foodstuffs are supplied, a volatile situation. An end to the violence pharmacists, and Red Crescent executives and special food items and spices are also and movement towards peace will eliminate — community leaders who disagree regularly provided. the need for places like Ketziot. profoundly with Israel's repressive policies. Medical care is provided by a doctor and Mordekhai Artzieli The proof is that Israel refuses to give medical staff who are present at the prison Houston the detainees a public trial with due process. facility. The prisoners are also entitled to (The writer is the Consul General of Israel A public trial would show the world, and dental care. For the sake of personal to the Southwest.) force Israel to admit, that the detainees are hygiene, each prisoner is regularly issued political prisoners, pure and simple, and his own bar of soap, toothpaste, laundry Harrington subjected to inhumane treatment. soap, and soap for cleaning eating utensils. Responds Since I wrote my article, Israel has Family visits. Each prisoner is entitled disbanded professional organizations for to visits by members of his family, who It is ironic that Mr. Artzieli chose to respond West Bank lawyers and doctors, dissolved must first submit their request to the to my column when his government refused charitable institutions, and abolished authorities in their district. Transportation to meet with us in Israel, even at the behest community-run vocational programs. Its is also arranged. (However, extremist of the U.S. embassy. military has killed 40 more Palestinian elements burnt one of the buses, and family True, our delegation, as a group, could civilians. And prisoners at Ansar III went members have refused to submit requests not visit the prison camp in Ketziot — not on a hunger strike and rebelled, with at least for visits.) because we didn't try. but because the Israeli one being killed. Sleeping conditions. In each tent, there government refused to let us. That's hardly Israel must come to realize that its internal are up to 28 prisoners, who have mattresses our fault, and it's disingenuous for security is as much threatened by abusing to put on wooden structures. Each prisoner Mr. Artzieli to argue that point against us. human rights as it is by bullets. is also allocated five blankets. In fact, shouldn't we be entitled to presume James C. Harrington Legal procedures. Every prisoner has the that Israel has something to hide? Austin right to appeal his detention, and petitions However, as I mentioned before, one of regarding conditions in the prison are our delegation did visit the prison facility submitted to the Supreme Court by — nicknamed "Ansar III" — surreptitiously attorneys representing the prisoners. A legal with an Israeli attorney and verified the advisor is permanently present and the horror accounts we learned from our own FOR LIBERAL PORTIONS advocate of the Israel Defense Forces interviews with numerous former detainees. AT CONSERVATIVE PRICES Southern Command visits the facility at least What Mr. Artzieli artfully fails to mention twice a week. The IDF Chief Advocate's when he says that human rights * REMEMBER SCHOLZ GARDEN * office oversees the proper implementation organizations and international media have * 1607 San Jacinto * 477-4171 * of legal procedures. visited Ansar III is that every such group During the last several months, the prison condemned the camp, including the

THE TEXAS OBSERVER • 21 SOCIAL CAUSE CALENDAR

DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISTS Fees for sessions only are $25 for IN TEXAS OBSERVANCES nonmembers. Fees for all activities, Join Democratic Socialists of America, October 29, 1929 • Stock market which include luncheons and a party, are the national progressive organization co- crashes, beginning the Great Depression. $75 for nonmembers. For information chaired by Michael Harrington. For October 30, 1947 • Bertolt Brecht call 1-800-456-5253. (Limited stipends information in Texas write Democratic testifies before the House Committee on are available based on need.) Socialists of America, 5311 Roosevelt Un-American Activities. Avenue, Austin, 78756, or call (512) November 1, 1952 • First hydrogen MEDIA SKILLS WORKSHOP 453-4429. bomb exploded by United States. IN AUSTIN November 2, 1920 • Eugene V. Debs Five nationally recognized journalists CENTRAL AMERICAN PEACE receives almost one million votes for provide insider advice on effective use TALK IN AUSTIN President while in prison. of the media and the reality of dealing Michael Conroy, Director of the November 3, 1982 • Pope John Paul with the press. Former White House University of Texas Institute on Latin II says the Inquisition was a "mistake." Correspondent Austin Scott; Pulitzer American Studies will discuss November 8, 1897 • Dorothy Day, Prize winner Virginia Escalante; Chuck "Prospects for Peace and Reconstruction Founder of the Catholic. Worker move- Halloran, political ghost columnist for a in Central America" on Saturday, ment, born. nationally known politician; and Jan November 5, at 6 p.m. in Austin at 4700 November 9, 1935 • John L. Lewis Rich, a Texas political news writer, join Grover (north of Texas School for the founds Congress of Industrial Organiza- University of Texas journalism professor Blind located on 45th Street). Admission tions. and former Los Angeles Times opinion fee of $6 covers dinner and a contribution November 10, 1924 • First U.S. gay page editor Mercedes Lynn de Uriarte to the Unitarian Social Action Committee rights organization, the Society of Hu- at the UT Thompson Center on which funds various peace and man Rights, founded in Chicago. Saturday, October 29 from 9 a.m. to progressive organizations. 4 p.m. The program is billed as a candid look at the inner workings of the press PEACE THROUGH designed to help media relations THE LOOKING GLASS United Methodist Church at 12th and professionals. The tax-deductible fee "Alice in Blunderland," a musical Lavaca in Austin on October 23 at schedule ranges from $45 for non-profit allegory that makes a plea for peace, 7:30 p.m. organizations to $110 for for-profits, premiers in Austin on November 6, 11, with limited financial aid available. and 12 at St. Martin's Church, 606 W. ALLIANCE Checks or money orders to La Pena, 225 15th. The November 6 showing is a FOR HUMAN NEEDS Congress, Suite 256, Austin, 78701, or 3 p.m. matinee; November 11 and 12 The Texas Alliance for Human Needs call (512) 477-6007 or 472-9357. showings are at 8 p.m. Sponsored by the holds its 7th annual statewide conference Austin Peace and Justice Coalition. For and membership meeting at the Austin SINGLE PARENT information call 474-5877. Crest Hotel, 111 East 1st, Austin, on SUPPORT GROUP November 11-13. The theme of the The book Mega Skills by Dorothy Rich GUATEMALAN PEACE conference is "Human Needs for Texas will be the topic for discussion by the ACTIVIST IN AUSTIN Today and Tomorrow." Speakers Single Parent Support Group at the Rigoberta Menchu, author of I Rigoberta include former state Senator Ray Austin Women's Center, 1700 South will discuss her planned return to Farabee, Livingston Kosberg, Chairman Lamar, Suite 203, on Tuesday, Guatemala where she intends to test the of the Texas Department on Human October 11 and 25 from 7 to 8:30 p.m. Central American Peace Plan. Menchu, Services, state Rep. Juan Hinojosa, and There is no charge. Call Laura Gonzalez an internationally recognized writer and Bob Kafka, former President of the at 447-9666 for more information or to peace advocate, will speak at the First Coalition of Texans with Disabilities. reserve free child care.

WE SING OF job with the Texas Department of organizing the Scholz Garden radio KATE FITZGERALD Agriculture. She's over there now, doing debates we co-sponsored with KLBJ-AM useful things having to do with food this spring and summer. She has also Kathleen Fitzgerald has been tendering distribution and farmers' markets. When been an emotional ballast for both the her resignation from the Observer for she confessed a while ago that she loves business and the editorial sides of this several months now, and we have been her job, we had the sinking feeling she sometimes pitching and tossing enter- tenderly refusing to accept it. She has wasn't referring to her job as Calendar prise. We won't say we'll miss her, been on our masthead in various capaci- Editor. We have tried to ignore her because we don't really believe that she'll ties since she came down from Dallas increasingly frequent pleas that she has be gone. But there is that matter of for an editorial internship in 1985. She become too busy in her new work, but getting the Calendar done. stayed on as an editorial assistant last week the Calendar stopped coming. True to form, Kate had the answer on (unpaid) and as editor of the Social Cause This time she may mean it. what to do about that. She recommended Calendar (unpaid) while she worked her In her three-and-a-half years here, Elisa Lyles to take over the Social Cause way through the University of Texas. Kate has played a more important role Calendar. Elisa, an Austinite-in-the- Upon graduation she became possessed than any title on the masthead would know, has generously agreed to do it. of the notion that she should seek gainful suggest. She has sold ads, she has helped Send news of events, at least three weeks employment; soon thereafter she took a raise money, she was instrumental in in advance, to her attention.

22 • OCTOBER 28, 1988 AFTERWORD Applied Reincarnation

BY TOM McCLELLAN

ERE I SIT near the most open drain acting skills to stupify the American people stranded in London and stayed on . to keep on the storm sewer of our failing into adulation and thus make cowards of the Belgians from starving. Efficient, H national economy, called Down- Congress and press alike, keeled over, and organized. Oversized head. town Dallas, considering the phenomena of his Vice President, Coolidge, took office. The profiles of Bush and Coolidge make the past couple of decades. First The Public And was elected to a second term, declaring for an interesting comparison, too. cozied up to the fireside chat of John Boy that "the business of America is business." At this point we have an explanation for Walton. Depressions are lovely times: the Coolidge was not born with a silver foot Twiddle Dumb's apparently irrelevant family that struggles together snuggles in his mouth, which he kept largely shut, promise of "jahbs, jahbs, jahbs": last time together. though one Alice Roosevelt Longworth said around he said, "Let them sell apples." He Then the Pulitzer Committee slapped the he "looked like he'd been weaned on a wants to make it up to us. Twaddle Deep intelligentsia's Good Housekeeping Seal on pickle." still seems to have little to say beyond "the another warm and wonderful depression-era Successor to Cool Coolidge, Herbert man who builds a factory builds a temple" memoir, Russell Baker's Growing Up Hoover, was possessed of a success story to the Great God Business, whom he serves (1982). Finally came Ravi Batra's best- "in keeping with the American tradition of as High Priest. selling Here We Go Again theory of poverty-to-riches by honest toil," according Me? I was the warm-hearted, cool- macroeconomics, followed just the other to the Durants, and he'd earned some good blooded teller of tales, A. P. Chekhov, back day by his How to Survive sequel. The press with a sort of European miracle during then. Nor have I yet fallen in love with phenomenal sales of Batra's book — and World War I: he'd extracted Americans bureaucracy or human stupidity. ❑ his colleagues' attempts to suppress it — are more significant than the Oriental hop- aboard-the-great-mandala theory of history Batra employs; still, for those who saw the front page of their October 20 newspaper decorated with a graph of Black Friday, 1929, superimposed on the graph of Black Monday, 1987, the notion does provide food for thought. Particularly since the population has bloated 19-fold since 1930 and moved into crime-ridden cities. Sb let's put Batra's applied reincarnation theory with its 60-year cycles to work on the current Presidential situation. The present holder of that office provides a pretty face without much behind it. His genial duncehood has provided us with scandals sufficient to offend even a Dallas savings and loan executive. 1981, Ronald Reagan; 1921, Warren G. Harding, the man who complained of his own character, "I cannot say no." And, indeed, he could not, not to a pal anyway: Harding's porcine Attorney General (Daugherty) came to trial early on and produced a hung jury, but what soundly drove the nail into Harding's casket was the wheeling and dealing of Al B. Fall, who took the rap for the Teapot Dome Scandal and gave the term "fall guy" a fresh twist. "There were other scandals," according to John and Alice Durant's Pictoral History of American Presidents, but the "trusting, unsophisticated President had no part in them. He simply did not know what was going on." Gosh. Harding, not equipped with sufficient Tom McClellan is a writer and teacher living in Dallas. GAIL WOODS

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24 • OCTOBER 28, 1988