Critical Mineral - Antimony

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Critical Mineral - Antimony Listed as one of the 35 critical minerals by the U.S. Government, antimony strengthens metal in munitions, is used in batteries, solar panels, and wind turbines, and therefore plays an important role in our defense and energy industries. Today, China and Russia control the world’s supply of antimony, leaving the U.S. without a direct source of this mineral which is important to our national, economic, and environmental future. Perpetua Resources is developing the only commercially viable antimony mine in the U.S. to source supply for new battery and solar technologies, as well as alloys critical for national security products. CRITICAL TO THE GREEN ECONOMY Critical minerals are vital to national and economic security, as well as the future green economy. Domestic sourcing and production of all critical minerals has bi-partisan political support. Antimony is critical in the use of bearings for wind turbines, glass clarifcation for solar energy projects, and cable sheathing for wiring and as an important component in many electrical and solid state circuitry components. For defense, antimony use is critical in fame retardants, primers, and ammunition. Antimony has current and projected widespread use for the U.S. green energy sectors. Recent studies point to antimony playing a substantial role in the development of large-scale, safe, affordable battery storage technology. A limited supply of antimony and lack of advanced new antimony development projects are considered key risks to this technology moving forward. SUPPLY Currently, 92% antimony Based on the 2020 Feasibility Study the Stibnite Gold production is dominated by Project is expected to produce enough antimony to supply approximately 30% of U.S. annual demand for the China 63% frst six years of operations and approximately 24% of Russia 19% U.S. consumption over the frst nine years of operations. Tajikistan 10% Antimony is a chemical element included on the U.S. Interior Department’s list of Critical Minerals. Based on the frst 6 years of the 2020 Feasibility Study (FS) which is intended to be read as a whole and sections should not be read or relied upon out of context. The information in this presentation is subject to the assumptions, exclusions and qualifcations contained in the FS. See “Regulatory Information” at the end of this presentation..

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^ V ill ,1 lift l'^: Ckemical Engineering '0V B. S. 1 9 !• ,1^ 4- f -it- ^ , t ^- : if. -f V ^ -i^ 7 f t 4-- + f UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY \ f - MrlO-20M t -f-" ^.--^ - +^ f 4 4 * 1i- 4 4 7 ^ 1h ^- •- 4 - -i- 4-. f' + f.- .f- Y «(< 5-* «? 4 -i- -i-- ijtt ' "^-^^fc- 4- -'f'- /- -t- - -f -^t. .-f. -f i ' ^ f. -4^^--,^^^';^ .-^^ 4 f ^- ^ ^. ^ f ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ t ^ ^ # f * If- ^ s , . J. : ^ ^. ^. ^ ^ --(- > ^ f ' il 4 4 -f + f + # ^ 4 4 -I-- :t Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/separationofantiOOturn SEPARATION OF ANTIMONY AND TIN IN ALLOY BY LAWRENCE CHARLES TURNOCK THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING IN THE COLLEGE OF SCIENCE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS Presented June, 19 10 ^ UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS ?^ o o June 1 19110 THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY Lawxence.^ .-Cliarles Turiiock ENTITLED Separation of- Ant ii^ and Tin in Alloys IS APPROVED BY ME AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Bachelor of Science JLn Ciiemical Enginee r i ng.. Instructor in Charge APPROVED: HEAD OF DEPARTMENT OF ^^ ^.M'.l 167365 A rapid and accurate method for the separation and deter- mination of antimony and tin has at the present time a wide field for application owing to the fact that the use of these two metals in the many different alloys of to-day is very extensive. Possibly jJ the most important alloys which contain tin and antimony alloyed to- gether with other metals are the different brasses and bearing metals, the latter often commonly known as Babbits, though a true Babbit alloy is composed of zinc, tin, and copper.
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