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The Penn State Acoustics Program at 50

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The Penn State Acoustics Program at 50 Table 1: Proposers of the Penn State Graduate Program in Acoustics. The Penn State Acoustics John Johnson Director of ORL, ASA Fellow, ASA On the day before the graduate school faculty met to consid- President 1971-1972 er the proposal, the office of Dr. Johnson alerted all graduate Program at 50 Paul Kendig ASA Fellow Eugen Skudrzyk (pronounced Scood-rick) ASA Fellow, Interdisciplinary Silver Medal faculty members about the upcoming meeting. On that day, in Theoretical and Applied Acoustics in 1983 and ASA Gold Medal posthumously in 1990 all the ORL-affiliated graduate school members showed up Victor W. Sparrow Reaching its golden anniversary in 2015, acoustics at Penn State has had John Snowdon ASA President 1977-1978, ASA Trent-Crede Medal in 1980, at the graduate school faculty meeting and voted to unani- a great journey over 50 years. Who set it up, what was the mission, and Paul Michael Postal: mously approve the program creation. Eventually, the Penn what have been some of the accomplishments to date? John Brown Graduate Program in Acoustics Vernon Albers ASA Fellow State Board of Trustees approved the new program on June John Lumley The Pennsylvania State University Robert Farwell 11, 1965, and this is documented in a letter to Merritt Wil- This is the story of the Graduate Program in Acoustics at The Pennsylvania State Richard Zindler liamson, Dean of the Penn State College of Engineering, on 201 Applied Science Building Miles Pigott University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 University (usually referred to as Penn State).In 2015-2016, the Penn State Acous- Vernon Neubert that date. tics Program is celebrating its 50th anniversary. With broad educational offerings USA Formation of the Acoustics Program As mentioned, the idea to establish acoustics at Penn State aligned closely with the Acoustical Society of America (ASA), it is the only institu- Table 2: Core courses in acoustics at Penn State in 2015 The US Navy established the ARL at Penn State in 1945 just was originated by John Johnson, the director of the Navy- Email: tion in the United States where one can earn a PhD in Acoustics. The purpose of ACS 501 Elements of Acoustics and Vibration (Fundamentals I) afterACS 502 the closeElements of ofWorld Waves in WarFluids II (Fundamentals when Harvard II) University de- sponsored ORL at Penn State. The Navy was interested in [email protected] this article is to document some of the history of the Graduate Program in Acous- ACS 505 Experimental Techniques in Acoustics cidedACS 513 to divestDigital itself Signal Processingfrom the war effort, and the Harvard educating people in underwater sound technology to de- tics (often referred to below as “Penn State Acoustics”) over the 50 years, describe ACS 514 Electroacoustic Transducers UnderwaterACS 515 AcousticsSound in FluidLaboratory Media (continuation was of ACSdisbanded 502) by 1949. velop and use submarines as well as to detect them. For this Jiri Tichy its mission, highlight some ongoing research and alumni accomplishments, and ManyACS 516 of the Acousticcontributors Data Measurement to that and Analysislaboratory came collective- purpose, acoustics was ideal to achieve this goal. However, provide benchmarking information to others who are interested in the topic of ACS 590 Colloquium Postal: ly to Penn State to establish the Ordnance Research Labora- Johnson’s idea was much greater. He thought that the topic education in acoustics. This article will describe the program’s conception, forma- Graduate Program in Acoustics tory (ORL) as it was known at that time. Eric Walker was of education in acoustics should be much wider because tion, and growth and then provide more details on its current status. The Pennsylvania State University theTable first 3: Elective director courses of the in acoustics laboratory at Penn from State in1945 2015 toand 1951,recent years.and he we are using sound for many applications and living with 201 Applied Science Building AE 309 Architectural Acoustics Penn State is a large university with many undergraduate and graduate programs. laterAE 458 went on to beAdvanced Penn Architectural State’s presidentAcoustics and Noise from Control 1956 to 1970. sound that can be both pleasant and damaging. The relevant University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Detailed information on it is available from public websites (see, for example, ACS 519 Sound-Structure Interaction courses that the students could take were available in vari- ACS/EMCH 521 Stress Waves inIt Solids was clear at that time that ARL USA http://stats.psu.edu and http://www.psu.edu). The largest campus is University EMCH 523 Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation ous departments in the University so that a complete pro- ACS 530 Flow Induced scientistsNoise had tremendous exper- Park, located in State College, PA, almost exactly in the center of Pennsylvania. ACS 537 Noise Control Engineering gram could be assembled. Email: tise and wanted to contribute to This is the location of the Penn State Graduate Program in Acoustics. The current ACS/EMCH 542 Physical Principles in Biomedical Ultrasonics [email protected] ACS 597 Topics in LinearPenn Physical State’s Acoustics education mission. To give some perspective, in 1965, the United States first sent offerings include both residential education and distance education in Acoustics. ACS 597 Computational Acoustics ACS 597 Outdoor SoundJohn Propagation Johnson (Figure 1) was the ground troops into Vietnam, Lyndon Johnson was President Anthony A. Atchley The resident programs include a PhD degree in Acoustics, Master of Science de- ACS 597 Nonlinear Acoustics ACS 597 Acoustics of MusicalDirector Instruments of ORL in the early 1960s, of the United States, the Voting Rights Act was enacted, and gree in Acoustics, and Master of Engineering degree in Acoustics. In the 50 years ACS 597 Architectural Acoustics Theory and Research Methods Postal: and he led an effort to create an the number 1 movie that summer and the Best Picture Oscar of the Graduate Program in Acoustics, there have been over 200 PhD graduates, ACS 597 Spatial Sound and 3-D Audio Graduate Program in Acoustics ACS 597 Ocean AcousticsIntercollege Graduate Degree Pro- winner that year was The Sound of Music. Some of the top over 280 MS graduates, and over 180 Master of Engineering graduates. A large ACS 597 Marine Bioacoustics The Pennsylvania State University ACS 597 Advanced Transducersgram andfocused Acoustic Systemon acoustics. Modeling A pro- songs on the radio around that time were "Ticket to Ride" percentage of these graduates are still active in the field today. Where did this grad- FigureAERSP 1511. John Johnson,Aerodynamically Induced Noise 201 Applied Science Building AE, Architectural Engineering; EMCH,posal Engineering was Mechanics; made AERSP, to the Aerospace Graduate Engineering. by the Beatles, "Help Me Rhonda" by the Beach Boys, and uate program come from? founder of the Penn School in 1963. The Penn State sci- "Satisfaction" by the Rolling Stones. University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 State Graduate Program USA The Applied Research Laboratory (ARL) at Penn State www.arl.psu.edu( ) cel- in Acoustics. entists involved in this formation ebrates its 70th anniversary in 2015 and initiated the Acoustics Program and has are listed in Table 1. Mission of Penn State Acoustics Email: sustained it during its entire 50 years. ARL is “an integral part of one of the leading The Graduate Program in Acoustics strives to be the pre- [email protected] Their primary suggested areas of expertise for the new pro- research universities in the nation and serves as a University Center of Excellence eminent program for education and research in acoustics in gram included Physical Acoustics, Architectural Acoustics, in Defense Science, Systems, and Technologies with a focus in naval missions and the United States and in the world by providing innovative Sabih I. Hayek Bioacoustics, Underwater Acoustics, and Shock and Vibra- related areas. As a Department of Defense (DoD)-designated US Navy University curricula to both resident and distance education students. tion (known today as Structural Acoustics). Postal: Affiliated Research Center (UARC), ARL maintains a long-term strategic relation- The program works closely with industry and government Graduate Program in Acoustics ship with the US Navy and provides support for the other services. ARL provides Although today the program touches on all of the ASA’s tech- laboratories to continuously evaluate and adjust our efforts The Pennsylvania State University science, systems, and technology for national security, economic competitiveness, nical areas, the above thrusts are still the primary research to most effectively educate students and provide research so- 201 Applied Science Building and quality of life through education, scientific discovery, technology demonstra- concentrations at Penn State. A formal proposal to create lutions to current and relevant problems. University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 tion, and transition to application.” Furthermore, “ARL maintains a long-term the Graduate Program in Acoustics came forth in 1964 and The mission of the Graduate Program in Acoustics is to fur- USA strategic relationship with the Naval Sea Systems Command and the Office of Na- was authored by V. Albers, G. Albright, F. Brickweddle, R. ther Penn State’s land grant mission of education, research, val Research.” Brubaker, J. Lumley, and V. Neubert and chaired by J. John- and outreach by (1) providing superior education in the Email: son. This proposal included
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