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Model-Based Processing for Underwater Acoustic Arrays
Books NEW Book from ASA Press ASA Press is a meritorious imprint of the Acoustical Society of America in collaboration with the major international publisher Springer Science + Business Media. All new books that are published with the ASA Press imprint will be announced in Acoustics Today. Individuals who have ideas for books should feel free to contact the ASA Publications Office to discuss their ideas. Model-Based Processing can be recursive either in space or time, depending on the for Underwater Acoustic application.This is done for three reasons. First, the Kalman Arrays filter provides a natural framework for the inclusion of phys- Author: Edmund J. Sullivan ical models in a processing scheme. Second, it allows poorly ISBN: 978-3-319-17556-0 known model parameters to be jointly estimated along with Pages: 113 pp., 25 illus., the quantities of interest. This is important, since in cer- 14 illus. in color tain areas of array processing already in use, such as those Available formats: based on matched-field processing, the so-called mismatch Softcover, $54.99, problem either degrades performance or, indeed, prevents eBook, MyCopy any solution at all. Thirdly, such a unification provides a for- Publication Date: 2015 mal means of quantifying the performance improvement. Publisher: Springer The term model-based will be strictly defined as the use of International Publishing physics-based models as a means of introducing a priori in- formation. This leads naturally to viewing the method as a Bayesian processor. Short expositions of estimation theory This monograph presents a unified approach to model- and acoustic array theory are presented, followed by a pre- based processing for underwater acoustic arrays. -
HP-2 Acoustic Design Guide
ACOUSTIC PRODUCT FAMILY Specifying Design Guide Our in-house, custom 7 STEPS TO SPECIFY Robust Examples including APPLICATION DRAWINGS Informative intro to the world of ACOUSTICS Table of Contents INTRODUCTION � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 3 STEPS OVERVIEW � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 4 MATERIAL TABLE � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5 REVERBERATION TIME TABLE � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 6 PRODUCT TABLE � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 8 EXAMPLE 1 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 9 EXAMPLE 2 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �12 WORKSHEET � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � -
Basics of Acoustics Contents
BASICS OF ACOUSTICS CONTENTS 1. preface 03 2. room acoustics versus building acoustics 04 3. fundamentals of acoustics 05 3.1 Sound 05 3.2 Sound pressure 06 3.3 Sound pressure level and decibel scale 06 3.4 Sound pressure of several sources 07 3.5 Frequency 08 3.6 Frequency ranges relevant for room planning 09 3.7 Wavelengths of sound 09 3.8 Level values 10 4. room acoustic parameters 11 4.1 Reverberation time 11 4.2 Sound absorption 14 4.3 Sound absorption coefficient and reverberation time 16 4.4 Rating of sound absorption 16 5. index 18 2 1. PREFACE Noise or unwanted sounds is perceived as disturbing and annoying in many fields of life. This can be observed in private as well as in working environments. Several studies about room acoustic conditions and annoyance through noise show the relevance of good room acoustic conditions. Decreasing success in school class rooms or affecting efficiency at work is often related to inadequate room acoustic conditions. Research results from class room acoustics have been one of the reasons to revise German standard DIN 18041 on “Acoustic quality of small and medium-sized room” from 1968 and decrease suggested reverberation time values in class rooms with the new 2004 version of the standard. Furthermore the standard gave a detailed range for the frequency dependence of reverberation time and also extended the range of rooms to be considered in room acoustic design of a building. The acoustic quality of a room, better its acoustic adequacy for each usage, is determined by the sum of all equipment and materials in the rooms. -
Inter and Intra Specific Variation In
the presence of a human operator. Recordings collected using seafloor instru- 2:00 ments do not have associated visual observations, so species must be identi- fied based on their calls. Visually validated acoustic recordings are necessary 2pABa5. Relative abundance of sound scattering organisms in the for training acoustic species classifiers and so most are trained using data col- Northwestern Hawaiian Islands is a driver for some odontocete forag- Adrienne M. Copeland (Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, P.O. Box 1106, Kai- lected near the sea surface. The suitability of using classifiers trained using ers. surface recordings to analyze recordings obtained at depth is unknown. To lua, HI 96734, [email protected]), Whitlow W. Au (Hawaii Inst. of Marine Biology, Kailua, HI), Amanda Bradford, Erin Oleson, and Jeffrey investigate this, we used a vertical array of four Ecological Acoustic Record- ers (EARs) spaced 90 m apart to record delphinids at different depths. The Polovina (Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci. Ctr., NOAA, Honolulu, HI) same whistles were measured from each EAR and median values of 17 spec- Previous studies in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) focused trographic variables were compared among EARs for six acoustic encounters. on shallower communities in and near reefs and did not investigate the For five of the encounters, there were significant differences in whistle varia- organisms living in deeper waters that some apex predators rely on for food, bles among EARs, most commonly in frequency variables. When a random e.g., some odontocetes forage at depths greater than 400 m. To examine the forest classifier was used to identify these whistles to species, the same five relationship between deep-diving odontocete predators and prey, a Simrad encounters were classified as different species when recorded at different EK60 echosounder operating at 70 kHz collected acoustic abundance depths. -
New ISO Standards for Hearing Protectors (A)
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Sep 25, 2021 New ISO standards for hearing protectors (A) Poulsen, Torben Published in: Acoustical Society of America. Journal Publication date: 2000 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Poulsen, T. (2000). New ISO standards for hearing protectors (A). Acoustical Society of America. Journal, 108(5), 2619-2619. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. THURSDAY MORNING, 7 DECEMBER 2000 CATAMARAN ROOM, 8:25 TO 11:30 A.M. Session 4aAA Architectural Acoustics: Theme Park Acoustics David E. Marsh, Chair Pelton Marsh Kinsella, 1420 West Mockingbird Lane, #400, Dallas, Texas 75247-4932 Chair’s Introduction—8:25 Invited Papers 8:30 4aAA1. Challenges and more in the acoustic design of an attraction. Neil A. Shaw and Ray Van den Broeck ͑Menlo Sci. Acoust., Inc., P.O. -
Martinho, Claudia. 2019. Aural Architecture Practice: Creative Approaches for an Ecology of Affect
Martinho, Claudia. 2019. Aural Architecture Practice: Creative Approaches for an Ecology of Affect. Doctoral thesis, Goldsmiths, University of London [Thesis] https://research.gold.ac.uk/id/eprint/26374/ The version presented here may differ from the published, performed or presented work. Please go to the persistent GRO record above for more information. If you believe that any material held in the repository infringes copyright law, please contact the Repository Team at Goldsmiths, University of London via the following email address: [email protected]. The item will be removed from the repository while any claim is being investigated. For more information, please contact the GRO team: [email protected] !1 Aural Architecture Practice Creative Approaches for an Ecology of Affect Cláudia Martinho Goldsmiths, University of London PhD Music (Sonic Arts) 2018 !2 The work presented in this thesis has been carried out by myself, except as otherwise specified. December 15, 2017 !3 Acknowledgments Thanks to: my family, Mazatzin and Sitlali, for their support and understanding; my PhD thesis’ supervisors, Professor John Levack Drever and Dr. Iris Garrelfs, for their valuable input; and everyone who has inspired me and that took part in the co-creation of this thesis practical case studies. This research has been supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology fellowship. Funding has also been granted from the Department of Music and from the Graduate School at Goldsmiths University of London, the arts organisations Guimarães Capital of Culture 2012, Invisible Places and Lisboa Soa, to support the creation of the artworks presented in this research as practical case studies. -
Reverberation and the Art of Architectural Acoustics
Sabine and reverberation 11/29/02 11:21 AM Reverberation and the Art of Architectural Acoustics © 2002 Robert Sekuler (revised) In 1895 Harvard University, that other school situated on the Charles River, opened its Fogg Art Museum. This wonderful building, still much used today, contained an equally wonderful, large lecture hall. Audiences flocked in, eager to experience intellectual enlightenment in beautiful new surroundings. But there was a large, ugly fly in this intellectual ointment: No one could understand any of the lectures that were given in Fogg lecture hall. And it wasn't because the lectures were too esoteric, or because the lecturers mumbled into their beards, or because the students were too distracted. The problem was acoustics and hearing. For help, Harvard turned to one of its own, Wallace Clement Sabine (photo), then a 27 year-old Assistant Professor of Physics. To that point in his career, Sabine had distinguished himself primarily through his teaching; research productivity was not his strongest suit. Even though Sabine had not previously worked with this sort of problem, his writings show that he was a remarkably quick study and a truly dedicated scientist. His published work also provides a model of good, clear scientific prose. After diagnosing and then solving Harvard's problem with the Fogg lecture room, Sabine devoted the rest of his career to the new field that he had virtually created in the process: architectural acoustics. First, Sabine noted that when anyone spoke in the Fogg Museum lecture room, even at normal conversational levels, the sound of his or her voice remained audible in the room for several seconds thereafter. -
Sessions Full Week
MONDAY MORNING, 2 DECEMBER 2013 GOLDEN GATE 4/5, 9:00 A.M. TO 11:45 A.M Session 1aAA Architectural Acoustics: General Topics in Architectural Acoustics 1a MON. AM Steven D. Pettyjohn, Chair The Acoustics & Vibration Group, Inc., 5700 Broadway, Sacramento, CA 95820 Contributed Papers 9:00 mechanisms allows us to predict how this ability is lost in the presence of reflections and noise, and to predict a number of ways that real clarity can 1aAA1. Toward reliable metrics for Sacred Harp singing spaces. be measured and optimized in classrooms, lecture halls, and performance Benjamin J. Copenhaver, Scott J. Schoen, and Michael R. Haberman venues of all types. This paper will describe and demonstrate how reflec- (Mech. Eng. Dept. and Appl. Res. Labs., The Univ. of Texas at Austin, P.O. tions degrade the closeness or clarity of sounds, and how this degradation Box 8029, Austin, TX 78713-8029, [email protected]) can be prevented or ameliorated. Examples of old and new spaces with ei- Sacred Harp singing, a common type of shape-note singing, is a centu- ther excellent or poor clarity will be presented, along with a few examples ries-old tradition of American community choral music. It is traditionally a of recent improvements to existing halls. participatory form of music with no distinction between performers and au- dience, a characteristic that makes for acoustical requirements that differ 09:45 considerably from those of a concert hall or even a typical worship space. In the spirit of the text Concert Halls and Opera Houses by L. Beranek, we 1aAA4. -
Room Acoustics Education in Interior Architecture Programs: a Course Structure Proposal
Room acoustics education in interior architecture programs: A course structure proposal Kitapci, Kivanc1 Çankaya University Mimarlık Fakültesi, İç Mimarlık Bölümü. Çukurambar Mah. Öğretmenler Cad. No: 14, 06530 Çankaya, Ankara, Türkiye ABSTRACT Soundscape research alters the notion of room acoustics from a physical phenomenon to a new multidisciplinary approach that concerns human perception of the acoustic environment, in addition to the physical calculations and measurements. Many interior architecture programs include courses that specifically focus on room acoustics. Although a brief introduction to the technical aspects of room acoustics is considered mandatory, the current course structure does not deliver sufficient information on the human perception of the acoustic environment. Therefore, the aim of the study is to reconsider the structure of room acoustic courses and present a brand- new room acoustics course structure proposal for the interior architecture programs. The study consists of two main phases. In the first phase, a database of all courses that include various topics on room acoustics is prepared through examination of the course descriptions of all undergraduate and graduate interior architecture programs in Turkey. In the second phase, the revisions to the current state of the room acoustics course structures are advised through an in-depth systematic literature review on the research area of soundscapes. Preliminary results and the initial course structure model will be presented at the conference. Keywords: Acoustic education, Soundscape, Interior architecture I-INCE Classification of Subject Number: 07 1. INTRODUCTION Since the beginning of the 20th century, vision-centred approaches dominate the higher-education curriculums of design disciplines such as architecture, interior architecture, industrial design, and city and regional planning. -
Principles of Acoustics - Andres Porta Contreras, Catalina E
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS – Vol. I - Principles Of Acoustics - Andres Porta Contreras, Catalina E. Stern Forgach PRINCIPLES OF ACOUSTICS Andrés Porta Contreras Department of Physics, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México Catalina E. Stern Forgach Department of Physics, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México Keywords: Acoustics, Ear, Diffraction, Doppler effect, Music, Sound, Standing Waves, Ultrasound, Vibration, Waves. Contents 1. Introduction 2. History 3. Basic Concepts 3.1. What is Sound? 3.2. Characteristics of a Wave 3.3. Qualities of Sound 3.3.1. Loudness 3.3.2. Pitch 3.3.3. Timbre 3.4. Mathematical Description of a Pure Sound Wave 3.5. Doppler Effect 3.6. Reflection and Refraction 3.7. Superposition and Interference 3.8. Standing Waves 3.9. Timbre, Modes and Harmonics 3.10. Diffraction 4. Physiological and Psychological Effects of Sound 4.1. Anatomy and Physiology of Hearing. 4.1.1. Outer Ear 4.1.2. Middle Ear 4.1.3. Inner Ear 5. ApplicationsUNESCO – EOLSS 5.1. Ultrasound 5.2. Medicine 5.3. Noise Control 5.4. MeteorologySAMPLE and Seismology CHAPTERS 5.5. Harmonic Synthesis 5.6. Acoustical Architecture and Special Building Rooms Design 5.7. Speech and Voice 5.8. Recording and Reproduction 5.9. Other Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICS – Vol. I - Principles Of Acoustics - Andres Porta Contreras, Catalina E. Stern Forgach Summary The chapter begins with a brief history of acoustics from Pythagoras to the present times. Then the main physical and mathematical principles on acoustics are reviewed. A general description of waves is given first, then the characteristics of sound and some of the most common phenomena related to acoustics like echo, diffraction and the Doppler effect are discussed. -
Acoustics 101 for Architects a Presentation of Acoustical Terminology and Concepts Relating Directly to the Design and Construction of an Architectural Space
Acoustics 101 for Architects A presentation of acoustical terminology and concepts relating directly to the design and construction of an architectural space. Low-tech descriptions, explanations, and examples. By: Michael Fay This essay is tailored to the one group of people who have more influence over a building's acoustics than any other; architects. The focus is on Architectural Acoustics, a field that is broader than most imagine. To do justice to the theme, we must briefly touch on many subordinate topics, most having a synergetic relationship bonding architecture and sound. This paper is based on fundamentals, not perfection. It covers most of the basics, and explores many modern and esoteric matters as well. You will be introduced to interesting and analytical subjects; some you may know, some you may never have considered. Here are a few examples of what you'll find by reading on: . What is sound and why is it so hard to manage or control? . The length of low- and high-frequency sound waves vary by as much as 400:1. Why does this disparity matter? . How and why do various audible frequencies behave differently when interacting with various materials, structures, shapes and finishes? . There are three acoustical tools available to both the architect and the acoustician. What are they? How can they benefit or hinder the work of each craft? . Room geometry: Why some shapes are much better than others. Examples and explanations. Reverberation and echo: How do they differ? Which is better, or worse, and why? How much is too much, or too little? . -
Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11147.html We ship printed books within 1 business day; personal PDFs are available immediately. Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise: Determining When Noise Causes Biologically Significant Effects Committee on Characterizing Biologically Significant Marine Mammal Behavior, National Research Council ISBN: 0-309-54667-2, 142 pages, 6 x 9, (2005) This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11147.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online for free • Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now! • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books and selected PDF files Thank you for downloading this PDF. If you have comments, questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll- free at 888-624-8373, visit us online, or send an email to [email protected]. This book plus thousands more are available at http://www.nap.edu. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF File are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Distribution, posting, or copying is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. Request reprint permission for this book. Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise: Determining When Noise Causes Biologically Significant Effects http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11147.html Committee on Characterizing Biologically Significant Marine Mammal Behavior Ocean Studies Board Division on Earth and Life Studies THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, DC www.nap.edu Copyright © National Academy of Sciences.