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Arata Isozaki's Architecture and His Use of Ceramic Coverings

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Arata Isozaki's Architecture and His Use of Ceramic Coverings CASTELL6N (SPAIN) mQUALI (C 98 ARATA ISOZAKI'S ARCHITECTURE AND HIS USE OF CERAMIC COVERINGS Shuichi Fujie Arata lsoza ki & Associates Japan He studied architecture at the School of Science & Engineering at Waseda Uniocrsiiu. III 1967 he joined A ra ta Isozaki & Associatc«. III 1976 he became partner architect of Arata lsozaki & Associates. III 1984 he was appointed director of Arata lsozaki & Associates Espann, S.A. III 1988 he became director of "I Office". III 1991 he was nominated as director of "Urball Factory". He has acti1'ely participated ill 1II0 r<' than 60 importallt projects. Amlms those, the most outstanding OI/{'S arc the[ollotoing : -EXPO?O ill Osaka, Master Plan - G II/IIII1l Prefectural Museum of FiliI' Arts - Ka tnioka Tawil Hall - Ts ukuba Centre Bllildillg - The Mllselllll of Calltemporay Art, Los Angclc« ­ Amphitheatreat Togamllra - San lord! Sportshall - Palafoli«Sports Paoilion - Kashi Twill TOI!'ers Project - Nagi Mllsellm of Calltemporary Art - lnternationai Place COlllplex ill Shijuoka, etc. As intnicd lecturer, Ill' has participated ill various world collgresses ill order to comment all his most important projects, emphasizing those related to Architectural space ill lapa n, the Olympic Pa uilion of Barcelona, the la test project» of Arala lsozaki & Associates, Nexus World, elc. cce. 67 i! QUALV0 ? 98 CASTELL6N (SPAIN) Katsushika liocnsal, pOJ IlCro 11lL' xylograpll of 36 Vit7t'S of ArlO/iIlt Fuii,from Ulgoll0llra. While the toum housc roof tilt's metaphoricalh] evoke the ripplillg waves of the sea a/Il<JIlg st the great wavesformed by the temple roofs, betweell them drifts the elonga tedellipseof a ciothoid-curocd wall. Con - 68 CASTELLON (SPAIN) CONTENTS 1 .I NT ROD UCT ION 2 . GREAT P ALAU S ANT JORDI ROOF USCOfceramic tiles all the great roofalldcurved surface mes/l style all the MO ll tjl4ic mowltaill 3. PROJECT SUBMITTED IN TH E INT ERN ATIONAL COM PETITION FOil T HE "NAR A C ONVENTION HALL" DES IGN Integration ill the historic urha ll fabric of all isolated building 4. C ONTEXT OF "THE ANCIENT TOWN OF NARA" Fea tures of the location. Both its axes 5. D I FFICUl.TIES OF FORMAl. IDENTIFICATION BETWEEN ROOF ANDWA Ll. V IA THREE­ DIMEN SIONAL SIIA PES XX th ccnturs; representation: spatial and temporal success ion as il l the cases of Milla mi­ daimon, Toda i-ji, To shodai-ji y Yakushi-]! ill Nara as aformer capita! 6. G EOMETRY O F T ilEGREAT ROOF / CLOT HOID CU RVE AND ELLI PSE Searchfor symholic impact ill accorda nce with tile tawil 's original Ilrball layout. 7.M AIN ENTlIA I':CE The glass lobby allows clearly uisualising the entrance 8. M AIN IIALLAI':D SECO N DARY H ALL The main hall, designed and built ill response to the current trend offoca l multiplicity. The sccondnru hall, or oisualisation offrozen music 9. D EVElOPMENT O F T HE BASIC EXECUT ION PLA N Focalmllltiplicity by a simple seat morentent 10. SYST EM ATI SI NG BUILDING PLANN ING Adoption of the "Pan ta Dome" system 11. C URR ENT STATE OF T H E WOR K Ills tallillg til<' "Pania Dome" and its changing. surrounding landscape 12. C ERAMIC M AT ERI A LS OF T ilE N ARA CONVENTION H A Ll. Epiderm is of tlu : Nara COlll'ell tioll Hall IISillS state-of-the-art teelmology inspired by the iraditionnl laplll lese roof 13. THE CERAM IC ~ IAT E R IA LS M A N UFACT URING REG ION: T OKON AM E 7okollame: the tOWII that produced 170,000 tiles for the Nara COIlI'ellticJI/ Hall 14. E XPRESSIO N OF T ilE T Il. EDROOF INTRA DITIONAl. JA PAN ESE A II CH ITECTURE Tem ple architecture symbolism. Theform of icorking-class 110 use roof profiles evoke tile imag» of a water surface. Tile roofas a metaphor of tile Wal'e. A great bllildillS as the symbol of our time, as the allegory of a giant ship driftillg all the ocean 1 5. AWAJI-SIIIMA, A TlI AUlTIONAL JAPANESE TILE PRODUCI N G REGION Two types of nianufacturing: modem 1II1d traditional 1 6 . E XAMPLES IN JAPA N Tatc uama Mllseum / Ceramic tilesfor cladding andflooring. Kyo to CO llcert Hall / Ceramic material 01 1the cylilldrical outer icall 17. E XAMPl. ES IN J A PAN B-Com Plaza / Tiles OI l a horizontal roof 1 8. ANOTIIER MATERIA L FOR BUI LDING A T HREE- DIM ENSIONAL SURFACE Mneeun: ill Ln Corwia "Domus, Casa del Hombre" Shizuoka COI/1'ell tioll Arts Centre, under construction / Slate: a Spanish materiat for outsidefillislles Con - 69 ,QUAU :J2JL. 98 CASTELL6 N (SPA IN) 1. INTRODUCfION Architecture is all intellectual alld cultural undertaking that makes use of rarious materials alld techniques iniented by mall, ill which all OW Il language is created. Architecture may exist 011 occupuing a specific location. At the same time it produces a lit'll' relationship by takillg illto accollllt its circumstances, e.g. if it is located ill a field a geographic characteristic will be intoned, whereas ill a tOWIl tile COil text will relate to urball life. ThIlS, if a buikiingfits well illto its surroundings, its existence call mOl'e the heart of the people. Moreolw, it establishes a solid connection with cumulaiite culture a/ld constitutes a basis for producillg another 111'11' 0111'. We had beell ill touch with Barcelona since 1983Jor a period of 10 years, regardillg a plall to CO IIS truct olle of the Olympicfacilities. Htnrercr as architects we were brough ! lip ill the East , ill [apan, with a totally different cultureand clima te. W" therefore asked ourselves what we could contribute to a city tlrat possesses a cultural tradition unth a great personaliiu, comprisillg world­ rellowlled building» from I'ariolls memorable eras. We then realised the problems that oll e might ellcoullter with a tOWIl alld a culture whell tryillg to plan a building abroad. However the characteristicsof tilis Olympic building were to be unirersal, crossing borders and goillg bevond geography and tradition, as it was also a festive, impartial 1','11 Ill' for all the world. 0 11 the other hand, it was destilled to be integrated ill a part of the city, altllOllgh it was to hal'e general sports [unctions, and was also to seroe for a 100lg time after the Olympics, IIIItil ending. its life cyde as all 1I 0rmai buildings. To satisfiJthis condition lI'e needed to provide the building with a peculiarity of its 011'11 based 011 perennial cultural. This was the key issue ill composillg the Barcelona building design. Three major concepts were inuolted ill tilt, pianning. process: 1) A formha nnonising with the Barcelona MOlltjllic geography 2) Use of state-of-the-art tedmology 3) Adop tion of tech niques and materials used ill Catalonia, res pectillg its tradition These were implemw ted ill thefollow illg building parts: 1) Rollillg roof with a soft proportiollillg curl'e 2) "Pa nta Dome" system and mesh with a wn'ed surface 3) Ceramic and zillc materials ill the rooffillish, large cO llcrete pallels and brickicork toall. The Barcelona design was all assignment performed as thollgh a completecultural exchange weI'" inootued. State-oj-the-an techllology was employed, while at the Sa/lit' time keeping characteris tics of the region, II sillg local materials such as ceramic tiles. Despite tilt'fact that it lPaS ill principle for us a kind of encou nter with all ullkllOWII culture, we learnt a great deal ill Catalonia and elided lip constructing the Palau Sant [ordi,a building supportedby mallY elements of 0 111' culture, althollgh there was also something heterogeneous bettreen botk At ARATA ISOZAKI & ASSOCIATES 0111' maill approaclrtoallY project tends to be:'T he response to its location". Helice buildings Ilel'er exhibit the same shape but change. The choice of materials is the most important issue and we kllow that in 0 111' design« 11'" often hare tire opportllllity to seiect materials such as roofing tiles, ceramic tiles and other clay materials. This conference describes someof 0 11 1' projects, parlicularlv the Nara COll l'elltioll Hall desigll ill [a pan, which is 11011' Il earing completion, setting out the processfrom design submissioll to till' location of the construction. Con - 70 CASTEL L6N (SPAI:-J) 2. GREAT PALAU SANT JORDI RO OF U SE OF CERAM IC TILES 0.'1 TH E GREAT ROOF ASD CURVED SURFACE M ESH Sn'LE 0 .\ ' TilE M ONT/UIC M OUNTAI N - s," • - --=---- Ceramic tiles war used 011 the main roof. and zinc tiles weret'mployt'd 0 11 the loU' roof The building was erected as one of the main facilities for the 1992 Barcelona Olympics. The roof has a more l tl ustmtcd cataloSIIt' Tl'i t}, I'hottWrt1l'hs avant-gardc style, using mesh with a curved surface. The of tilt' tilt·s used by botl, architects. "Panta Dome" sys tem wa s used in constructing it. The articulated fringe of the mesh that served to put it into its de finitive position later becam e a continuous skylight, providing zenithal lighting for the interior space, while also bestowing a sensation of lightness on the roof. The bot tom of the work was closed with great panels of prefabricated concrete. The finishing materials employed we re Spanish as were the construction techniques. The materials applied in the finish we re zinc and ceramics produced in a factory in Castellon. In their selection Chipboard pa inted like ceramic filiuS II'llS uwd as a sa"'I'!t· process, the aesthetics of the bottom structure finish was to test fhl' size, shal'c' and taken into account.
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