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Surviving Through the Post-Cold War Era: the Evolution of Foreign Policy in North Korea
UC Berkeley Berkeley Undergraduate Journal Title Surviving Through The Post-Cold War Era: The Evolution of Foreign Policy In North Korea Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4nj1x91n Journal Berkeley Undergraduate Journal, 21(2) ISSN 1099-5331 Author Yee, Samuel Publication Date 2008 DOI 10.5070/B3212007665 Peer reviewed|Undergraduate eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Introduction “When the establishment of ‘diplomatic relations’ with south Korea by the Soviet Union is viewed from another angle, no matter what their subjective intentions may be, it, in the final analysis, cannot be construed otherwise than openly joining the United States in its basic strategy aimed at freezing the division of Korea into ‘two Koreas,’ isolating us internationally and guiding us to ‘opening’ and thus overthrowing the socialist system in our country [….] However, our people will march forward, full of confidence in victory, without vacillation in any wind, under the unfurled banner of the Juche1 idea and defend their socialist position as an impregnable fortress.” 2 The Rodong Sinmun article quoted above was published in October 5, 1990, and was written as a response to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union, a critical ally for the North Korean regime, and South Korea, its archrival. The North Korean government’s main reactions to the changes taking place in the international environment during this time are illustrated clearly in this passage: fear of increased isolation, apprehension of external threats, and resistance to reform. The transformation of the international situation between the years of 1989 and 1992 presented a daunting challenge for the already struggling North Korean government. -
Christmas in North Korea
Christmas in North Korea Christmas in North Korea By Adnan I. Qureshi With contributions from Talha Jilani Asad Alamgir Guven Uzun Suleman Khan Christmas in North Korea By Adnan I. Qureshi This book first published 2020 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2020 by Adnan I. Qureshi All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-5054-0 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-5054-4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Contributors .............................................................................................. x Preface ...................................................................................................... xi 1. The Journey to North Korea ............................................................... 1 1.1. Introduction to the Korean Peninsula 1.2. Tour to North Korea 1.3. Introduction to The Pyongyang Times 1.4. Arrival at Pyongyang International Airport 2. Brief History ........................................................................................ 32 2.1. The ‘Three Kingdom’ and ‘Later Three Kingdom’ periods 2.2. Goryeo kingdom 2.3. Joseon kingdom 2.4. Japanese occupation 2.5. Complete Japanese control 2.6. Post-Japanese occupation 2.7. The Korean War 3. Contemporary North Korea .............................................................. 58 3.1. The first communist dynasty and its challenges 3.2. The changing face of the communist economic structure 3.3. Nuclear power 3.4. Rocket technology 3.5. Life amidst sanctions 3.6. Mineral resources 3.7. Mutual defense treaties 3.8. Governmental structure of North Korea 3.9. -
Digital Trenches
Martyn Williams H R N K Attack Mirae Wi-Fi Family Medicine Healthy Food Korean Basics Handbook Medicinal Recipes Picture Memory I Can Be My Travel Weather 2.0 Matching Competition Gifted Too Companion ! Agricultural Stone Magnolia Escpe from Mount Baekdu Weather Remover ERRORTelevision the Labyrinth Series 1.25 Foreign apps not permitted. Report to your nearest inminban leader. Business Number Practical App Store E-Bookstore Apps Tower Beauty Skills 2.0 Chosun Great Chosun Global News KCNA Battle of Cuisine Dictionary of Wisdom Terms DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive Copyright © 2019 Committee for Human Rights in North Korea Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior permission of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea 1001 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 435 Washington, DC 20036 P: (202) 499-7970 www.hrnk.org Print ISBN: 978-0-9995358-7-5 Digital ISBN: 978-0-9995358-8-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019919723 Cover translations by Julie Kim, HRNK Research Intern. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Gordon Flake, Co-Chair Katrina Lantos Swett, Co-Chair John Despres, -
Current Affairs in North Korea, 2010-2017: a Collection of Research Notes
235 Current Affairs in North Korea, 2010-2017: A Collection of Research Notes Rudiger Frank Abstract Starting with the public introduction of Kim Jong-un to the public in autumn of 2010 and ending with observations of consumerism in February 2017, this collection of 16 short research notes that were originally published at 38North discusses some of the most crucial issues, aside from the nuclear problem, that dominated the field of North Korean Studies in the past decade. Left in their original form, these short articles show the consistency of major North Korean policies as much as the development of our understanding of the new leader and his approach. Topics covered include the question of succession, economic statistics, new ideological trends such as pyŏngjin, techno- logical developments including a review of the North Korean tablet computer Samjiyŏn, the Korean unification issue, special economic zones, foreign trade, parliamentary elections and the first ever Party congress since 1980. Keywords: North Korea, DPRK, 38North Frank, Rudiger. “Current Affairs in North Korea, 2010-2017: A Collection of Research Notes” In Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies, Volume 9, eds. Rudiger Frank, Ina Hein, Lukas Pokorny, and Agnes Schick-Chen. Vienna: Praesens Verlag, 2017, pp. 235–350. https://doi.org/10.2478/vjeas-2017-0008 236 Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies Hu Jintao, Deng Xiaoping or another Mao Zedong? Power Restruc- turing in North Korea Date of original publication: 5 October 2010 URL: http://38north.org/2010/10/1451 “Finally,” one is tempted to say. The years of speculation and half-baked news from dubious sources are over. -
2017 Witnesses Great Events in DPRK's History
Page 2 Sat, January 27, Juche 107(2018) LEADING ARTICLE 2017 witnesses great events in DPRK’s history Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un, news instilled great optimism delivering his New Year Address for the future in the people with on the first morning of the year greater impact. 2017, recalled that all the people The stirring year of 2017 used to sing the song We Are the went by accompanied by lots Happiest in the World, feeling of auspicious events that filled optimistic about the future the hearts of the Koreans with with confidence in President extraordinary pride and self- Kim Il Sung and Chairman confidence. Kim Jong Il, and pledged to Ryomyong Street was work with devotion to ensure inaugurated on the threshold that the past era does not remain of the 105th anniversary of the as a moment in history but is birth (April 15) of President re-presented in the present era Kim Il Sung and the Sepho and to become a truly faithful area livestock farming base was servant of the Korean people who completed in October. loyally supports them with a pure The Koreans finished the street conscience. in a matter of nine months by The year 2017 in the DPRK giving full play to the might of began with the solemn vow he self-reliance and self-development made to his country and people in the face of the imperialists’ and ended with his translating it vicious sanctions and moves to into practice. isolate and stifle the DPRK. It is a grand monument in the era of the Putting pledge into Workers’ Party epitomizing the reality highest quality of civilization and PHOTOS BY KCNA a symbol of great leap forward The 105th anniversary of President Kim Il Sung’s birth was highlighted with a military and The Koreans attentively listened of great Kim Jong Un’s Korea. -
Juche in the United States: the Black Panther Party's Relations with North
Volume 13 | Issue 13 | Number 3 | Article ID 4303 | Mar 30, 2015 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Juche in the United States: The Black Panther Party’s Relations with North Korea, 1969-1971 アメリカにおけるチュチェ （主体性）思想 ブラック・パンサー党と北朝鮮、1969-1971 Benjamin Young Third World revolution, and a mutual antagonism toward American intervention around the world. Although the U.S. government forbade its citizens from travelling to North Korea, BPP leader Eldridge Cleaver along with other Panthers bypassed travel restrictions and visited North Korea to join anti-imperialist journalist conferences in 1969 and 1970. In North Korea, officially known as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), the Panthers found a new ideology and a government that was critical of the U.S. government. The Panthers established an alliance with North Korean leaders who they recognized as an independent force within the world communist movement. They believed that the "Black colony" inside the United States could learn from the DPRK's self-reliant stance in political, economic, and cultural matters. This study adds to recent scholarship on the global influence of the BPP and opens a new field of inquiry, as the BPP-North Korean relationship has not been analyzed in-depth. Introduction Kim Il Sung, Juche. BPP leader Eldridge Cleaver wrote the introduction for this book, which is now featured While the Cold War is commonly defined as an in the international friendship museum in North ideological war between the forces of Korea. capitalism and communism, frequently ignored within this Manichean view of the conflict are 1 Abstract agents from the Third World. -
Lunar New Year Macarthur, General Douglas
894 Lunar New Year The lunar New Year, known as 561, W6ndan, W6ni! or Cbongch '0, is one of the most important holidays in Korea. During this holiday, there are traffic jams throughout the country as people rush to see their family and relatives. On the morning of Lunar New Year, people don traditional dress (hanbok). Various foods and wine are prepared, and then set in front of an ancestral tablet. The table is meticulously arranged according to Confucian tradition; however, many families also have their own traditions governing details of the arrangement. In general, fish is put on the east, meat on the west, fruit in front, rice and soup behind and liquor on the front table. A ceremony is then held during which the male family members pay respect to their deceased ancestors up to the fourth generation by making three full bows. Family members also visit the graves of their deceased ancestors. On this holiday, after cutting the grass from around the grave, they make a simple offering and then bow three times. In addition to paying respect to the deceased, each family member is expected to make two formal bows to his or her elders. According to custom, the elders then give the person a gift of money, particularly if the person is a child. Special foods are prepared for this holiday. In particular, rice-cake soup is typically served instead ofrice. For this reason, the question 'How many bowls of rice-cake soup have you eaten?' is sometimes used to ask one's age. In North Korea and China, mandu (dumpling) soup is often eaten instead. -
The 8Th Congress of Workers' Party of Korea, Kim Jong-Un's Thoughts And
No. 74 June 2021 The 8th Congress of Workers’ Party of Korea, Kim Jong-un’s Thoughts and Future of North Korea Kuri Sravan Kumar © Institute of Chinese Studies, Delhi Institute of Chinese Studies, B-371 (3rd floor), Chittaranjan Park, Kalkaji, New Delhi - 110 019 Landline Telephone: +91-11-4056 4823 Fax: +91-11-23830728 Email: [email protected] Website: www.icsin.org ABOUT THE AUTHOR Kuri Sravan Kumar is a Doctoral candidate at the Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi. He has completed his Masters in East Asian Studies, from University of Delhi, New Delhi. He has studied Korean Language from Korean Cultural Center (King Sejong Institute), New Delhi and Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi. He has an interest in North Korean Politics, India-Korea relations, Inter-Korean relations and East Asian security. Contact: [email protected] The 8th Congress of Workers’ Party of Korea, Kim Jong-un’s Thoughts and Future of North Korea Abstract North Korea is an enigma, and it follows a leader-centric approach. The Workers Party of Korea is the highest-ranking body of North Korea. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, last one year onwards, North Korea is in self-isolation and world hardly have any clue about Kim Jong-un and DPRK. This paper attempt is to discuss the 8th congress of Workers Party of Korea, 2021, especially its focus on Kim Jong-un speeches and congress resolutions and its remarks on Inter-Korean relations, North Korea-America relations, and North Korea’s economic plan. -
The Geographical Construction of National Identity and State
THE GEOGRAPHICAL CONSTRUCTION OF NATIONAL IDENTITY AND STATE INTERESTS BY A WEAK NATION-STATE: THE DYNAMIC GEOPOLITICAL CODES AND STABLE GEOPOLITICAL VISIONS OF NORTH KOREA, 1948-2010 BY JONGWOO NAM DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geography in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2012 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Colin Flint, Chair Professor David Wilson Assistant Professor Ashwini Chhatre Professor Paul F. Diehl ABSTRACT This study is a textual analysis of North Korea ’s geopolitical discourses. Through the analysis of North Korea ’s geopolitical visions and codes, this study provides a theoretical framework to explicate weak nation-states ’ foreign and security policies beyond overly power-centered perspectives. In addition, this study suggests an alternative policy toward North Korea for neighboring states beyond the dichotomy of containment and engagement policy. Using textual data from North Korea regarding the geographical construction of its national identity and state interests, this study proposes a theoretical framework which focuses on a weak nation-state ’s geopolitical agency, the relationship between geopolitical visions and codes, and the construction of territory for geopolitical discourses in a particular geopolitical context. The main findings of this study suggest that this theoretical framework provides a valuable perspective through which to understand how weak nation-states use geography to construct their national identity and state interests, and how the relationship between their geopolitical visions and codes changes over time. In particular, this study emphasizes the role of territorial construction in the way a weak nation-state naturalizes the concept of the state as an autonomous subject through nationalism and security discourse. -
Library of Congress Collection Overviews: Korean Studies
COLLECTION OVERVIEW KOREAN STUDIES I. SCOPE This overview surveys the Library’s collection of materials relating to the study of Korea. The Korean Team of the Asian Division has custody of materials written in the Korean language. Other materials pertaining to Korean studies are held in their appropriate custodial units in the Library. The collection of Korean materials began in earnest in 1950 when the Korean Unit was established under the Japanese Section, at that time part of the Library’s Orientalia Division. Most of the Korean materials were in fact written in Japanese. However, the Korean Unit was the only location among all of the United States’ government offices that collected materials about Korea. Thus, all requests related to Korea were sent to the Korean Unit. The collection quickly developed over the following years and underwent organizational changes, integrating into the Chinese and Korean Section in 1964. The Korean Section at the Library of Congress was established in 1990 because of the generous support of the International Cultural Society of Korea, which presented the Library with a gift of one million dollars on Congress’s 200th anniversary in December 1989. The Library began to acquire current Korean trade publications on a regular and systematic basis in 1955 after obtaining approval from a Korean dealer. One of the significant strengths of the Korean collection is the Korean government publications after the Republic of Korea and the U.S. signed an agreement on September 24, 1966. In the l920’s, the Library acquired a notable collection of books published in Korea, but written in Chinese characters. -
Master's Degree Programme – Second Cycle (D.M. 270/2004) in Comparative International Relations at Ca' Foscari Universi
1 Master’s Degree programme – Second Cycle (D.M. 270/2004) In Comparative International Relations At Ca’ Foscari University of Venice Final Thesis THE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN NORTH KOREA Supervisor Ch. Prof. Rosa Caroli Asst. Prof. Vincenza D’urso Graduand Paolo Pedrini Matriculation Number 827084 Academic Year 2015/2016 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduzione in lingua italiana INTRODUCTION 1. CHAPTER ONE 1.1. Introduction 1.2. North Korea’s mobile communication history in a nutshell 1.3. Why Orascom? 1.3.1. A silent divorce? 1.4. Domestic cellphone: Get involved! 1.5. Rate plans and top-up cards 1.6. Handsets and gizmos 1.7. What about foreigners? 1.8. Conclusions 2. CHAPTER TWO 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Black market breakdown 2.3. Deal with it! 2.4. Salaries in North Korea? 2.5. Smuggling into North Korea 2.6. The Jangmadang and grasshopper merchants 2.7. Making connection 2.7.1. Brokers 2.7.2. Calling the South 2.7.3. The surveillance 2.7.4. What happen if you get caught? 2.8. Conclusions 3 INTRODUZIONE IN LINGUA ITALIANA: Quando sfogliamo le notizie di cronaca, ci capita ciclicamente di leggere articoli sulla Corea del Nord: le follie legate al giovane dittatore Kim, i campi di prigionia, le minacce dei missili atomici e via dicendo. Ciò che invece non giunge attraverso i media è una chiara figura in grado di descrivere come realmente vivono i Nord Coreani, i vari strati che compongono la loro società, il loro stile di vita e le diverse attività che caratterizzano la loro quotidianità. -
L'indottrinamento Del Popolo Nordcoreano Attraverso I Media E La Critica Degli Artisti David Guttenfelder, Éric Lafforgue
Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Economia e Gestione delle Arti e delle Attività Culturali Tesi di Laurea Magistrale L’indottrinamento del popolo nordcoreano attraverso i media e la critica degli artisti David Guttenfelder, Éric Lafforgue e Sun Mu Relatrice Ch.ma Prof.ssa Cristina Baldacci Correlatore Ch. Prof. Marco Dalla Gassa Laureanda Valentina Minetti Matricola 855914 Anno Accademico 2019 / 2020 Indice Introduzione……………………………………………………………………………………………………...………. 3 Capitolo 1 – Lo sviluppo dei media e l’uso della fotografia come mezzo di comunicazione di massa………………………………………………………………………………..…………… 6 1.1 – Contesto socio-politico: secondo dopoguerra e Guerra di Corea (1950 – 1953)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..… 6 1.2 – Breve storia dei mezzi di comunicazione fino all’avvento dei social media e il loro inserimento nella società……………………………………………….……………………. 27 1.3 – La fotografia e l’avvento del digitale: il fotogiornalismo è alla portata del pubblico………………………………………………………………………….…………………..……… 48 Capitolo 2 – Il caso nordcoreano: il pensiero del regime applicato ai media contemporanei…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 58 2.1 – L’ideologia nordcoreana: Juche e culto della personalità……………..….….…… 58 2.2 – Il recente sviluppo dei mezzi di comunicazione contemporanei nello stato nordcoreano………………………………………………………………………….………………..…. 77 Capitolo 3 – Casi studio: tre artisti per scoprire le realtà celate della Corea del Nord..............................................................................................................................