Bolivia: an Overview
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Bolivia: Presidential Resignation and Aftermath
INSIGHTi Bolivia: Presidential Resignation and Aftermath Clare Ribando Seelke Specialist in Latin American Affairs Updated November 14, 2019 On November 10, 2019, Bolivian President Evo Morales of the Movement Toward Socialism (MAS) party resigned and subsequently received asylum in Mexico. Bolivia’s military had recommended that Morales step down to prevent an escalation of violence after weeks of protests alleging fraud in the October 20, 2019, presidential election. While Morales has described his ouster as a “coup,” the opposition has described it as a “popular uprising” against an authoritarian leader. The three individuals in line to succeed Morales (the vice president and the presidents of the senate and the chamber of deputies) also resigned. Opposition Senator Jeanine Añez, formerly second vice president of the senate, declared herself senate president and then assumed the position of interim president on November 12, 2019; MAS legislators do not recognize her authority. The U.S. Department of State supported the findings of an Organization of American States (OAS) audit that found enough irregularities in the October elections to recommend a new election. President Trump praised Morales’s resignation. State Department officials have called for all parties to refrain from violence and issued a travel warning for Bolivia. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo applauded Añez for stepping up as interim president. Congressional concern about Bolivia has increased. S.Res. 35, approved in April 2019, expresses concern over Morales’s efforts to circumvent term limits in Bolivia. Morales Government (2006-2019) Morales, Bolivia’s first indigenous leader, had governed since 2006 as head of the MAS party. -
IHRC Submission on Bolivia
VIOLATIONS OF THE RIGHT TO LIFE, RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION, RIGHT TO ASSEMBLY & ASSOCIATION, AND OTHERS: ONGOING HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN BOLIVIA Submission to the United Nations Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions from Harvard Law School’s International Human Rights Clinic Cc: Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers Special Rapporteur on the f reedom of opinion and expression Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and association Special Rapporteur on the rights of Indigenous peoples Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism The International Human Rights Clinic (IHRC) at Harvard Law School seeks to protect and promote human rights and internation-al humanitarian law through documentation; legal, factual, and stra-tegic analysis; litigation before national, regional, and internation-al bodies; treaty negotiations; and policy and advocacy initiatives. Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 1 Recommendations to the U.N. Special Rapporteurs ........................................................................... 2 Facts ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Background on the Current Crisis ........................................................................................................ 3 State Violence Against Protesters -
Bolivia Faces New Polls in Shadow of Fraud Row
Bolivia Faces New Polls in Shadow of Fraud Row Crisis Group Latin America Briefing N°43 Bogotá/New York/Brussels, 31 July 2020 What’s new? Bolivia is set to hold a presidential election on 18 October. Besides the challenge of holding the poll amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the legacy of 2019’s disputed poll, which provoked violent unrest and led former President Evo Morales to flee the country, means that both sides mistrust the election system. Why does it matter? In late 2019, an agreement to hold new polls under reformed election authorities curbed unrest. Still, the 2019 vote remains controversial, as does the role of Organization of American States observers, whose statements shaped perceptions of rigging. Amid deep social and political polarisation, another flawed poll could trigger further instability. What should be done? The EU, UN, donor countries, Bolivia’s neighbours and international NGOs should provide technical and political support to the electoral authorities, deploy as robust monitoring missions as is feasible, and press the main political forces to commit publicly to accept results or pursue grievances in the courts, not by protesting. I. Overview On 18 October 2020, a year after a troubled election triggered fraud allegations and deadly unrest culminating in President Evo Morales’ flight from the country, Bolivians are due to return to the polls. Standing in the way of a fair and undisputed vote is the practical hurdle of the COVID-19 pandemic, now raging across much of South Amer- ica and which has already forced election delays. Yet a more fundamental obstacle to ending the bitter aftermath of Morales’ resignation are Bolivia’s political divisions, which have been further embittered by arguments over the 2019 vote and the elec- tion system’s legitimacy more broadly. -
Escobari and Hoover on the 2019 Bolivian Elections
Unnatural Claims in a ‘Natural Experiment’: Escobari and Hoover on the 2019 Bolivian Elections By David Rosnick* December 2019 Center for Economic and Policy Research 1611 Connecticut Ave. NW tel: 202-293-5380 Suite 400 fax: 202-588-1356 Washington, DC 20009 http://cepr.net * David Rosnick is an Economist at the Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR). Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 Escobari and Hoover: Basic Points of Agreement and Disagreement ...................................................... 5 Problem 1: Vote Shares by Party are Not Computed as a Share of the Actual Valid Votes on Each Tally Sheet ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Problem 2: Vote Shares Are Improperly Weighted ................................................................................ 7 Problem 3: The Geographic Controls (Were) Incorrectly Coded ......................................................... 9 Spin .................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................ 15 References ........................................................................................................................................................ -
Anti-European Rule in a Pro-European Society Creating Opportunities for Progressives in Poland
Anti-European Rule in a Pro-European Society Creating Opportunities for Progressives in Poland By Konrad Golota and Adam Traczyk Introduction Progressives in Poland operate in an extremely hostile environment. The political imagination of Poles is dominated by two political blocs: one symbolically repre- sents the victories of the transformation after the overthrow of communism, while the other represents those who have lost out. Jarosław Kaczyński’s Law and Justice Party (PiS) has consolidated support among people who perceived themselves to have lost out, not just through conservative policies but also through social poli- cies that provide economic security and a sense of personal dignity to an electorate that often felt neglected by liberal elites. To overcome this, progressives in Poland will need to move beyond a polarized culture war and tell a new story about Poland’s future that appeals not only to the young, to women, and to the highly educated, but also to those left behind by today’s politics. This will require a new economic agenda and a less condescend- ing and identity-driven progressivism. However, all this may still not be enough to break the existing duopoly. Therefore, the left in Poland must also support social movements that may contribute to a fundamental reshuffling of the political scene in the country. As the recent mass protests against abortion restrictions demon- strate, there is a visible appetite for change. Though it is too early to draw conclu- sions, one thing is certain: The progressive Polish movement is at the forefront of the biggest protests seen in Poland in 30 years. -
The Language of International Human Rights Law As a Foundation for the Prevention, and Peaceful Resolution of Ethnic, and Political Conflicts in Bolivia
Pace International Law Review Volume 32 Issue 2 Spring 2020 Article 1 April 2020 The Language of International Human Rights Law as a Foundation for the Prevention, and Peaceful Resolution of Ethnic, and Political Conflicts in Bolivia Yuri Mantilla Liberty University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pilr Part of the International Humanitarian Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Yuri Mantilla, The Language of International Human Rights Law as a Foundation for the Prevention, and Peaceful Resolution of Ethnic, and Political Conflicts in Bolivia, 32 Pace Int'l L. Rev. 171 (2020) Available at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/pilr/vol32/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace International Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE LANGUAGE OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW AS A FOUNDATION FOR THE PREVENTION, AND PEACEFUL RESOLUTION OF ETHNIC, AND POLITICAL CONFLICTS IN BOLIVIA Yuri Mantilla TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction ............................................................. 172 II. The Bolivian Case and Ethnic Conflicts Around the World ................................................................. 173 III. Causes of Ethnic Conflicts in Bolivia ...................... 181 IV. The Current Bolivian Historical Context and the Use of Legal Discourse as an Instrument of Warfare .................................................................... 187 V. International Legal Discourse and the Importance of Constructing a Culture of Respect for Human Rights in Bolivia ................................... 198 VI. The Sources of International Human Rights Legal Obligations .................................................... 202 VII. The Importance of Minority Rights ....................... -
TARAS 9780748664573 PRINT.Indd 17 27/11/2012 11:41 Challenging Multiculturalism
Raymond Taras Raymond Edited by ‘Challenging Multiculturalism is a highly original and timely study of multiculturalism and its opponents in contemporary Europe. Going beyond cliché and common wisdom, by providing empirically solid answers to theoretically informed questions, it provides essential lessons for policy makers, scholars, and students alike.’ Cas Mudde, University of Georgia, author of Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. Tackles the challenge of dismantling the multicultural model without destroying diversity in European society Chall In recent years European political leaders from Angela Merkel to David Cameron have discarded the term ‘multiculturalism’ and now express scepticism, criticism and even hostility towards multicultural ways of organising their societies. Yet they are unprepared to reverse the diversity existing in their states. These E contradictory choices have different political consequences in the countries nging Multi examined in this book. Case studies of 11 European countries throw light on the challenges posed by multiculturalism and the extent to which anti-immigration parties appeal to moderate voters by embracing anti-multiculturalism policies. And they show how the future of European liberalism is being played out as multicultural notions of belonging, inclusion, tolerance and the national home are brought into question. Key Features • Looks at how European liberalism is being challenged by opposition to multiculturalism C • Presents a cross-national study of European societies’ efforts to implement ulturalis multiculturalism, how they have stumbled, and what is proposed to replace multiculturalism • Observes the ways in which opposition to multiculturalism has helped galvanise radical right, nationalist and gradually mainstream anti- multiculturalist movements • Includes chapters on Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Sweden and Turkey M ChallEnging Raymond Taras is Professor in Migration Studies at Malmö University and Professor in Political Science at Tulane University. -
Educating for Civic Reasoning and Discourse
Carol D. Lee, Gregory White, and Dian Dong, Editors National Academy of Education Washington, DC NATIONAL ACADEMY OF EDUCATION 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: This project and research reported here were supported by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation through Grant #2018-8363 to the National Academy of Education. The opinions expressed are those of the editors and authors and do not represent the views of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. Digital Object Identifier: 10.31094/2021/2 Copyright 2021 by the National Academy of Education. All rights reserved. Suggested citation: Lee, C. D., White, G., & Dong, D. (Eds.). (2021). Educating for Civic Reasoning and Discourse. Washington, DC: National Academy of Education. The National Academy of Education (NAEd) advances high-quality research to improve education policy and practice. Founded in 1965, the NAEd consists of U.S. members and international associates who are elected on the basis of scholarship related to education. The Academy undertakes research studies to address pressing educational issues and administers professional development fellowship programs to enhance the preparation of the next generation of education scholars. COMMITTEE ON CIVIC REASONING AND DISCOURSE Carol D. Lee (Chair), Northwestern University James A. Banks, University of Washington Sarah Warshauer Freedman, University of California, Berkeley Kris D. Gutiérrez, University of California, Berkeley Diana E. Hess, University of Wisconsin–Madison Joseph Kahne, University of California, Riverside Peter Levine, Tufts University Na’ilah Suad Nasir, Spencer Foundation Walter C. Parker, University of Washington Judith Torney-Purta, University of Maryland Staff Gregory White, Executive Director Dian Dong, Senior Program Officer iii Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii INTRODUCTION 1 1 DEFINING AND IMPLEMENTING CIVIC REASONING AND DISCOURSE: PHILOSOPHICAL AND MORAL FOUNDATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 23 Sarah M. -
Urban Water and Sanitary Management SIMA ABDOLLAHI
1.1.1 Stakeholder relations and Public participation in peri- urban Water and Sanitary Management A case study on NGOs and CPR-management in Cochabamba, Bolivia Master of Science Thesis in Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering SIMA ABDOLLAHI Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Division of Water Environment Technology CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Gothenburg, Sweden, 2014 Report No. 2014:146 MASTER THESIS NO. 2014:146 Stakeholder relations and Public participation in peri- urban Water and Sanitary Management A case study on NGOs and CPR-management in Cochabamba, Bolivia Master Thesis in Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering SIMA ABDOLLAHI Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Division of Water Environment Technology CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Gothenburg, Sweden, 2014 Stakeholder relations and Public participation in Peri-urban Water and Sanitary management A case study on NGOs and CPR-management in Cochabamba, Bolivia Master of Science Thesis in Infrastructure and Environmental Engineering SIMA ABDOLLAHI © SIMA ABDOLLAHI, 2014 Technical Report No. 2014:146 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden Telephone +46 (0)31-7721000 Cover: Water cistern in Ichocullo, district 9 in Cochabamba, Bolivia (Photo: Sima Abdollahi, 2014) Reproservice, Bygg- och Miljöteknik, Chalmers Tekniska Högskola Göteborg, Sweden, 2014 Acknowledgements I would like to thank everybody that helped me during this journey to carry out and complete this project. I am grateful for the immense support on behalf of my supervisors; doctoral student Ida Helgegren and Associate professor Sebastien Rauch at the division of Water Environment Technology at Chalmers University of Technology. I would like to thank the staff at Procasha Foundation and Centre of Environment at the University of San Simon in Cochabamba, and their directors respectively; Graciela Landaeta and Ana-Maria Romero, for their caring reception and guidance during my stay in Cochabamba, Bolivia. -
Electoral Integrity Analysis
Secretariat for Strengthening Democracy (SSD) Department of Electoral Cooperation and Observation (DECO) Electoral Integrity Analysis General Elections in the Plurinational State of Bolivia October 20, 2019 FINAL REPORT CONTENTS LIST OF FINDINGS ............................................................................................................................ 3 DELIBERATE ACTIONS THAT SOUGHT TO MANIPULATE THE RESULTS OF THE ELECTION .................. 3 GRAVE IRREGULARITIES ....................................................................................................................... 5 ERRORS ................................................................................................................................................ 6 CLUES ................................................................................................................................................... 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 8 ELECTORAL INTEGRITY ANALYSIS ................................................................................................... 10 I. FINDING 1: FLAWED TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR BOTH PRELIMINARY ELECTORAL RESULTS AND THE FINAL COUNT ......................................................................................................................... 13 II. FINDING 2: A PATTERN OF MANIPULATION, FORGERIES AND ALTERATIONS OF THE TALLY SHEETS IN SIX DEPARTMENTS, ALL AIMED AT BENEFITING THE SAME CANDIDATE -
Would-Be Authoritarians and the Pandemic in the Americas by Susan Stokes | Chicago Center on Democracy, University of Chicago | [email protected]*
GUILLERMO O’DONNELL PRIZE LECTURE, LASA INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS, MAY 27, 2021 Would-Be Authoritarians and the Pandemic in the Americas by Susan Stokes | Chicago Center on Democracy, University of Chicago | [email protected]* A half century ago, Guillermo O’Donnell identified 1. comprehensive, in the range of activities it a distinctive type of autocratic regime. He traced its controls or directly manages; roots to the economic impasse that Latin America’s 2. dynamic, in its rates of growth compared to more advanced economies encountered in the those of society as a whole; course of import-substitution industrialization. This impasse gave rise to economic crises and 3. penetrating, through its subordination of social conflict and, eventually, to the militaries’ various ‘private’ areas of civil society; seizure of power. 4. repressive, in the extension and efficacy of the coercion it applies; Thus were born bureaucratic-authoritarian (BA) regimes in the Southern Cone of South America 5. bureaucratic, in the formalization and (O’Donnell 1973). O’Donnell observed that BA differentiation of its own structures; and regimes differed from other forms of military and 6. technocratic, in the growing weight of teams autocratic rule familiar to Latin American societies. of técnicos, expert in the application of The BA regimes had more ambitious objectives. ‘efficientist’ techniques of formal rationality.” They sought to remake the societies over which they governed, deactivate the popular sectors, and The BA regime’s ambitiousness had implications win the confidence of business and international for its organization. It required strong state investors. They were as ambitious as they were capacity, which meant placing capable individuals nefarious. -
Watch List 2021 Spring Update International Crisis Group, May 2021 Page 3
Watch List 2021 Spring Update | 26 May 2021 Every year Crisis Group publishes two additional Watch List editions that complement its annual Watch List for the EU, most recently published in January 2021. These publications identify major crises and conflict situations where the European Union and its member states can generate stronger prospects for peace. The two additional editions include an overview of the policy environment and main challenges for the European Union and five crises and conflict situations, which can update those identified in the annual Watch List or present a new focus of concern. For each of the five cases included in this edition, Crisis Group provides field-based analysis and specific policy advice to the European Union and its member states, with the aim to guide and improve their efforts to prevent, mitigate or end conflicts. CONTENT Introduction Bolivia: Shifting Loyalties Complicate Route to Reconciliation Help Contain the Damage of Myanmar’s Military Coup Halting the Deepening Turmoil in Nigeria’s North West Enhancing Prospects for Peace in Ukraine Arresting Yemen’s Freefall Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 235 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Introduction European leaders hoping that a new U.S. administration and COVID vaccines would bring some respite to tempestuous global affairs might look back disappointed at the past few months. A lot has happened since Crisis Group put out our last EU Watch List in January. Despite some bright spots, little of it has been good. First was the Myanmar coup; an entry in this update covers where things stand.