Puget Sound Regional Council A-1 List of Appendices A Transportation 2040 Alternatives Report B Regional Trends and Forecasts C VISION 2040’s Multicounty Planning Policies D Policy Analysis and Evaluation Criteria Report E Technical Description of the Modeling Framework F Public Scoping Process G. List of Endangered, Threatened, and Sensitive Wildlife Species and Their Habitats H List of Rare Plants I Transportation 2040 Alternatives Analysis Congestion Management Process Report J Environmental Resource Agency Consultation K Data Analysis and Forecasting at the PSRC, New Tools Within an Integrated Modeling Framework L Greenhouse Gas 4-part Strategy M Environmental Justice Public Outreach Summary Report N Public Outreach, Comment, and Response

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Puget Sound Regional Council L-1

List of Preparers Puget Sound Regional Council Staff Bob Drewel, Executive Director Norman Abbott, Director of Growth Management Planning, SEPA Responsible Official Mike Cummings, Program Manager

Sean Ardussi, Senior Planner Michele Leslie, Senior Communications & Public Involvement Coordinator Anne Avery, Senior Communications Specialist Rebeccah Maskin, Associate Planner Ben Bakkenta, Principal Planner Andi Markley, Research Librarian/Public Records Alon Bassok, Assistant Freight/Economics Analyst Officer Benjamin Brackett, Senior Planner Robin Mayhew, Program Manager Peter Caballero, Associate Planner Kelly McGourty, Principal Planner Mark Charnews, Senior Modeler Deana McLaughlin, Library Manager Doug Clinton, Graphic Designer Robin McClelland, Principal Planner Stefan Coe, Associate GIS Analyst Ivan Miller, Principal Planner Lauren Engel, Assistant GIS Analyst Carol Naito, Principal Planner Jeff Frkonja, Program Manager for Applications Andy Norton, Principal GIS Analyst Ashley Harris, Planning Technician Kris Overby, Associate Planner Charlie Howard, Transportation Planning Director Maren Outwater, Director of Data Systems and Michael Jensen, Associate Planner Analysis Chris Johnson, Principal Modeler Kris Overby, Senior Modeler Kirste Johnson, Senior Planner Rocky Piro, Program Manager Stephen Kiehl, Principal Planner Matthew Rohrbach, Transportation Planning Intern Marina King, Administrative Assistant Stephanie Rossi, Senior Planner Matthew Kitchen, Program Manager for Development Jennifer Ryan, Principal Planner Christy Lam, Planning Technician Kimberly Scrivner, Associate Planner Mary Pat Lawlor, Principal Planner Mark Simonson, Principal Planner Yorik Stevens-Wajda, Associate Planner Rebecca Stewart, Senior Graphic Designer Environmental Analysis Consultants Parametrix John Perlic, Senior Project Manager, Consultant Team Project Manager

Ryan Abbotts, Environmental Planner Colin Drake, Environmental Planner Jenny Bailey, Environmental Planner Angelina Wainhouse, GIS Specialist, Environmental Jan Cassin, Senior Scientist Planner Jill Czarnecki, Environmental Planner Daryl Wendle, Environmental Planner

March 2010

Puget Sound Regional Council R-1 References

Chapter 1 - Executive Summary OFM (Washington State Office of Financial Management). 2008. Housing Unit Inventory by County. Available at: http://www.ofm.wa.gov/pop/poptrends/housing2008.xls. Last modified: July 23, 2008. Accessed April 2009. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2006. Puget Sound Economic and Demographic Forecasts - Detailed Forecasts and Methodology. Prepared for Puget Sound Regional Council by Dick Conway & Associates. Seattle, Washington. February 2006. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/data/forecasts/Regional_Forecast_PSEF2006.pdf. U.S. Census Bureau. 1970. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. U.S. Census Bureau. 1980. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. U.S. Census Bureau. 1990. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. U.S. Census Bureau. 2000. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. Chapter 2 - Introduction and Background OFM (Washington State Office of Financial Management). 2008. Housing Unit Inventory by County. Available at: http://www.ofm.wa.gov/pop/poptrends/housing2008.xls. Last modified: July 23, 2008. Accessed April 2009. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2006. Puget Sound Economic and Demographic Forecasts - Detailed Forecasts and Methodology. Prepared for Puget Sound Regional Council by Dick Conway & Associates. Seattle, Washington. February 2006. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/data/forecasts/Regional_Forecast_PSEF2006.pdf. U.S. Census Bureau. 1970. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. U.S. Census Bureau. 1980. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. U.S. Census Bureau. 1990. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. U.S. Census Bureau. 2000. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. Chapter 3 - Plan Alternatives PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2008. Puget Sound Trends. No T2. September 2008. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/publications/pubs/trends/t2sep08.pdf. Accessed April 2009. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation. 2007. Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System (FGTS) classifications. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Freight/FGTS/default.htm. Accessed April 3, 2009. Chapter 4 - Transportation Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2004. Census Journey to Work. Last updated: Tuesday, June 08, 2004. Available at: http://www.bea.gov/regional/reis/jtw/. Accessed April 2009. INRIX. 2008. National Traffic Scorecard 2007 Annual Report. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 1999. Household Travel Surveys. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2001. Regional Airport System Plan. August 2001. Available at: http://psrc.org/projects/air/pubs/rasp/2001rasp.pdf.

March 2010 R-2 Puget Sound Regional Council

PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2004. Puget Sound Milestones: Metropolitan Transportation System: Regional Airports. May 2004, Revised August 2004. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/projects/monitoring /rasp_rev.pdf. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2005. Regional Airport Ground Access Plan. January 2005. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/projects/air/pubs/groundaccess.htm. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2006a. Household Travel Surveys. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2006b. PSRC Regional Air Cargo Strategy. Final Report. October 2006. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/projects/air/pubs/cargo.htm. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2006c. Puget Sound Economic and Demographic Forecasts - Detailed Forecasts and Methodology. Prepared for Puget Sound Regional Council by Dick Conway & Associates. Seattle, Washington. February 2006. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/data/forecasts/Regional_Forecast_PSEF2006.pdf. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2007. Coordinated Transit-Human Services Transportation Plan. Adopted on April 5, 2007. Available at: http://psrc.org/boards/advisory/specialneeds/3.07Coord%20Plan.pdf. Washington State Ferries. 2006. Draft Long-Range Strategic Plan. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Ferries/Planning/. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2005. CTR Taskforce 2005 Report to the Washington State Legislature. February 2006. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/172087A9‐85D1‐416B‐ 86C4‐33281C7BDE68/0/CTR_Report_05.pdf. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2006. Washington State Summary of Public Transportation—2006. September 2007. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/B920AEF0-21C2- 45BB-817A-B93691C4150E/0/00EntirePTSummary.pdf. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2009. Washington State Long-Term Air Transportation Study Draft Washington Aviation System Plan Summary Report. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/54BD2011-C840-4A69-936C- CD2F63FBB696/0/DRAFTWAAviationSystemPlanSummary.pdf. March 3, 2009. Chapter 5 - Land Use - No references - Chapter 6 - Air Quality and Climate Change AFDC (U.S. Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Center). 2009. Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel Benefits. Available at: http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/emerging_sulfur_diesel_benefits.html. Content last updated: February 3, 2009. Accessed April 2009. Climate Impacts Group. 2007. “Climate Change in the Pacific Northwest: Impacts, Choices, and Change.” A presentation of the Climate Impacts Group, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. March 2007. Available at: http://cses.washington.edu/cig/outreach/presentations.shtml. Accessed April 2009. Ecology and CTED (Washington State Department of Ecology and Washington State Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development). 2008. Growing Washington’s Economy in a Carbon-Constrained World - A Comprehensive Plan to Address the Challenges and Opportunities of Climate Change. Publication no. 08-01-025. December 2008. Available at: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0801025.pdf. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2002. Health Assessment Document for Diesel Engine Exhaust. EPA/600/8-90/057F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington Office, Washington, D.C.

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EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2007. A Wedge Analysis of the U.S. Transportation Sector. EPA420- R-07-007. Prepared by S. Mui, J. Alson, B. Ellies, and D. Ganss. Transportation and Climate Division, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. April 2007. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2008. National Air Quality Status and Trends Through 2007. EPA- 454/R-08-006. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Air Quality Assessment Division. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. November 2008. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2009. National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Available at http://www.epa.gov/air/criteria.html. Last updated on February 20, 2009. Accessed April 2009. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2007. Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Released on 17 November 2007, Valencia, Spain. Available at: http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/ar4-syr.htm. Accessed April 2009. King County Metro Transit. 2003. Hybrid Bus Now On a Route Near You. Available at: http://transit.metrokc.gov/up /archives/2003/3-17hybrid.html. Accessed April 9, 2009. National Academy of Sciences. 2006. Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years. Committee on Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council of the National Academies. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. PSCAA (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency). 2003. Final Report: Puget Sound Air Toxics Evaluation. Prepared by Leslie Keill and Naydene Maykut, Puget Sound Clean Air Agency, in conjunction with Washington State Department of Ecology. Available at: http://www.pscleanair.org/airq/basics/psate_final.pdf. PSCAA (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency). 2004. Roadmap for Climate Protection: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Puget Sound. The Puget Sound Clean Air Agency, Climate Protection Advisory Committee. PSCAA (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency). 2006a. Next Ten Years Fact Sheet: Air Toxics. Available at http://www.pscleanair.org/news/library/factsheets/next10/AirToxics.pdf. Accessed April 2009. PSCAA (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency). 2006b. Next Ten Years Fact Sheet: Carbon Monoxide. Available at http://www.pscleanair.org/news/library/factsheets/next10/CarbonMonoxide.pdf. Accessed April 2009. PSCAA (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency). 2006c. 2005 Air Quality Data Summary. Puget Sound Clean Air Agency, Seattle, Washington. July 2006. PSCAA (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency). 2008. 2005 Air Emission Inventory for King, Kitsap, Pierce, and Snohomish Counties. March 2008. Available at: http://www.pscleanair.org/news/library/reports/air_emission _inventory_2005.pdf. PSCAA (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency). 2009. 2008 Air Quality Data Summary. October 2009. Available at: http://www.pscleanair.org/news/library/reports/2008_AQDS_Report.pdf. Wikimedia Commons. 2006. Exhaust. Photograph by Jensbn. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki /File:Exhaust.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. Wikimedia Commons. 2008. Reva Electric Car 2008. Photograph by Premkudva. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reva_Electric_Car_2008.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2009. Border Travel - Alternate Transportation. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Congestion/border/choices.htm. Accessed April 9, 2009. Chapter 7 - Noise CDOT (Colorado Department of Transportation). 2004. Colorado DOT Tire/Pavement Noise Study. Report No. CDOT-DTD-R-2004-5. Prepared by D.I. Hanson and R.S. James. April 2004. Available at: http://www.dot.state.co.us/Publications/PDFFiles/tirenoise.pdf.

March 2010 R-4 Puget Sound Regional Council

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1971. Noise from Construction Equipment and Operations, Building Equipment, and Home Appliances. NTID 300.1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1974. Information on Levels of Environmental Noise Requisite to Protect Public Health and Welfare with an Adequate Margin of Safety. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report Number EPA 550/9-74-004. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor, Michigan. FTA (Federal Transit Administration). 1995. Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, Washington, D.C. PhotoDisc. 1992. Volume 1: Business and Industry. Image 1086. PhotoDisc. 1994. Volume 14: Business and Transportation. Image 14013. Port of Seattle. 2002. Seattle-Tacoma FAR Part 150 Study Update. Port of Seattle, Seattle, Washington. Radle, A.L. 2007. The Effect of Noise on Wildlife: A Literature Review. College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon. March 2007. Available at: http://interact.uoregon.edu/MediaLit/wfae/library /articles/radle_effect_noise_wildlife.pdf. Sound Transit. 1999. Central Link Light Rail Transit Project Final Environmental Impact Statement Volume 1. Sound Transit, Seattle, Washington. Sound Transit. 2005. Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement on the Regional Transit Long- Range Plan. June 2005. Available at: http://www.soundtransit.org/x2399.xml. Wikimedia Commons. 2008. Quietstone panels Perth WA. Photograph by Quietstone. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Quietstone.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 1991. Noise Measurement Values. Unpublished report by Washington State Department of Transportation, Olympia, Washington. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2002. Final Environmental Impact Statement, I-405 Congestion Relief and Bus Rapid Transit Program. Washington State Department of Transportation, Sound Transit, Federal Highway Administration, Federal Transit Administration, and King County Department of Transportation. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Projects/i405/corridor/library /feistoc.htm. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2003. Final Environmental Impact Statement and Section 4(f) Evaluation, SR 509 Corridor Completion/I-5/South Access Road, Volume 1. Washington State Department of Transportation, Olympia, Washington. Chapter 8 - Visual and Aesthetic Resources Nelson, A.C. 2004. Toward a New Metropolis: The Opportunity to Rebuild America. A discussion paper prepared for The Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program. The Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C. Chapter 9 - Water Quality and Hydrology Ecology (Washington State Department of Ecology). 2009. Floods. Available at: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs /sea/floods/index.html. Accessed April 9, 2009. Frumkin, H. and S. Gaffield. 2004. Water Quantity and Quality. Chapter 7 in Frumkin, H., L. Frank, and R. Jackson (eds). Urban Sprawl and Public Health: Planning and Designing for Healthy Communities. Island Press. 338 pp. Lane, R.C. 2004. Estimated Domestic, Irrigation and Industrial Water Use in Washington, 2000. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5015. http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2004/5015/.

March 2010 Puget Sound Regional Council R-5

NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). 2008. Categories of Pollution: Point Source. Available at: http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/pollution/media/supp_pol03a.html. Revised March 25, 2008. Accessed April 9, 2009. National Wildlife Federation. 2009. Mercury and Wildlife: What is Bioaccumulation? Available at: http://www.nwf.org/mercury/bioaccumulation.cfm. Accessed April 9, 2009. Polebitski, A., L. Traynham, and R.N. Palmer. 2007. Technical Memorandum #5: Approach for Developing Climate Impacted Streamflow Data and its Quality Assurance/Quality Control. A report prepared by the Climate Change Technical Subcommittee of the Regional Water Supply Planning Process, Seattle, Washington. Available at: http://www.govlink.org/regional-water-planning/tech-committees/climate-change/UWreports/TechnicalMemo5(12- 13-07).pdf. PSCAA and Public Health (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency and Public Health – Seattle & King County). 2008. SR 520 Health Impact Assessment, A Bridge to a Healthier Community. September 2008. Available at: http://www.kingcounty.gov/healthservices/health/ehs/~/media/health/publichealth/documents/hia /SR520HealthImpactAssessment.ashx. Accessed April 2009. Puget Sound Partnership. 2008a. Puget Sound Action Agenda - Protecting and Restoring the Puget Sound Ecosystem by 2020. December 2008. Available at: http://www.psp.wa.gov/downloads/ACTION_AGENDA_2008 /Action_Agenda.pdf. Puget Sound Partnership. 2008b. Action Agenda: Puget Sound Action Areas. Available at: http://www.psp.wa.gov /aa_action_areas.php. Accessed April 9, 2009. Wikipedia. 2007. CPRB. Photograph by Judahdavis. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CPRB.jpg. Accessed April 9, 2009. Chapter 10 - Ecosystems and Endangered Species Act Issues Ruckelshaus, M.H. and M.K. McClure (coordinators). 2007. Sound Science: Synthesizing Ecological and Socioeconomic Information About the Puget Sound Ecosystem. Prepared in cooperation with the Sound Science collaborative team. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Northwest Fisheries Science Center. Seattle, Washington. Collins, B.D. and A.J. Sheikh. 2005. Historical Reconstruction, Classification, and Change Analysis of Puget Sound Tidal Marshes. Report to the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Aquatic Resources Division. University of Washington, Puget Sound River History Project, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Seattle, Washington. Available at: http://pugetsoundnearshore.org/technical_papers/historical_shoreline_dnr.pdf. PSAT (Puget Sound Action Team). 2007. State of the Sound 2007. Olympia, Washington. 93 p. The Nature Conservancy. 2004. Willamette Valley-Puget Trough-Georgia Basin Ecoregional Assessment. Available at: http://www.waconservation.org/ecoWillamette.shtml. Accessed April 2009. Wikimedia Commons. 2007. Eroded Road at Whatarangi Bluff, Palliser Bay-2. Photograph by Karora. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eroded_Road_at_Whatarangi_Bluff,_Palliser_Bay-2.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. Wikipedia. 2005a. Olympic National Park, Washington, USA. Photograph from National Parks Service. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OlympicNP.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. Wikipedia. 2005b. Riprap. Photograph from United States Army Corps of Engineers. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Riprap.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. Wikipedia. 2006. Low tide on Whidbey Island. Photograph by Iwanafish. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Low_tide_on_Whidbey_Island.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009.

March 2010 R-6 Puget Sound Regional Council

Chapter 11 - Energy EIA (Energy Information Administration). 2008. Consumption, Price, and Expenditure Estimates, State Energy Data System (SEDS). November 2008. Available at: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/_seds.html. Accessed April 2009. CTED (Washington State Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development). 2007. 2007 Biennial Energy Report, Issues and Analysis for the Washington State Legislature and Governor. January 2007. Available at: http://www.cted.wa.gov/DesktopModules/CTEDPublications/CTEDPublicationsView.aspx?tabID=0&ItemID=4405 &MId=863&wversion=Staging. CTED (Washington State Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development). 2008. 2009 Biennial Energy Report with Indicators, Issues and Analysis for the Washington State Legislature and Governor. December 2008. Available at: http://www.cted.wa.gov/DesktopModules/CTEDPublications /CTEDPublicationsView.aspx?tabID=0&ItemID=6814&MId=863&wversion=Staging. U.S. Air Force. 2007. Giant Photovoltaic Array. USAF Photographic Archives, photograph taken by Airman 1st Class Nadine Y. Barclay. October 2007. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Giant_photovoltaic_array.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. Wikimedia Commons. 2007. Link Tunell [sic] Sound Transit. Photograph by Fanboy. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Link_Tunell_Sound_transit.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. Chapter 12 - Earth Climate Impacts Group. 2008. Sea Level Rise Scenarios for Washington State. Report prepared by Mote, P.W., A. Petersen, S. Reeder, H. Shipman, and L.C. Whitely Binder. Climate Impacts Group, Center for Science in the Earth System, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Oceans, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington and the Washington Department of Ecology, Lacey, Washington. Available at: http://cses.washington.edu/db/pubs/allpubs.shtml#Year2008. Collins, B.D. and A.J. Sheikh. 2005. Historical Reconstruction, Classification, and Change Analysis of Puget Sound Tidal Marshes. Report to the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Aquatic Resources Division. University of Washington, Puget Sound River History Project, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Seattle, Washington. Available at: http://pugetsoundnearshore.org/technical_papers /historical_shoreline_dnr.pdf. FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency). 2001. Nisqually Earthquake Will Set Record for Washington State Disaster Aid. Release Number: 1361-30. Last updated: October 28, 2003. Available at: http://www.fema.gov/news/newsrelease.fema?id=7047. Accessed March 23, 2009. FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency). 2008. Oakville, Iowa flooding. Photograph taken by Susie Shapira. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oakville_flooding.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. U.S. Geological Survey. 1980. Mount St. Helens. USGS Photograph taken on May 18, 1980, by Austin Post. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MSH80_eruption_mount_st_helens_05-18-80.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. U.S. Geological Survey. 2004. USGS public domain image. 22. Side view of support-column failure and collapsed upper deck, Cypress viaduct. [H.G. Wilshire, U.S. Geological Survey]. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:022srUSGSCyprusVia.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. U.S. Geological Survey. 2009. Visual Glossary – Subduction. Available at: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/glossary.php?term=subduction. Page last modified: February 18, 2009. Accessed April 6, 2009.

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Wikipedia. 2008. Goodell Creek Debris Avalanche. Photograph by G310Luke. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Goodell_Creek_Debris_Avalanche.jpg. Accessed April 8, 2009. Chapter 13 - Environmental Health Dearry, A. 2004. Impacts of Our Built Environment on Public Health. Environmental Health Perspectives. 112(11):A600–A601. Available at: http://www.pubmedcentral.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed &pubmedid=15289172. Ecology (Washington State Department of Ecology). 2006. Home Page. Available at: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/. Accessed on February 2006. Ecology (Washington State Department of Ecology). 2009. Facility/Site Database. Available at: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/fs/. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2005. CERCLIS Database. Available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/srchsites.cfm. Accessed on October, 2005. Evans, G.W. 2003. The Built Environment and Mental Health. Journal of Urban Health 80(4):536-55. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt =Abstract&list_uids=14709704. King County. 2004. King County Hazard Mitigation Plan: Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment (HIVA). McMichael, T. 2001. Human Frontiers, Environments, and Disease: Past Patterns, Uncertain Futures. Cambridge University Press, New York. Morland, K., S. Wing, A. Diez Roux, and C. Poole. 2002. Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with the Location of Food Stores and Food Service Places. American Journal of Preventative Medicine 22(1):23-29. Available at: http://www.ajpm-online.net/article/PIIS0749379701004032/abstract. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2005. Issue Paper on Health: What’s Health Got to Do with Growth Management, Economic Development and Transportation. Puget Sound Regional Council, Seattle, Washington. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2006. Transportation Issue Paper. Puget Sound Regional Council, Seattle, Washington. Sound Transit. 2005. Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement on the Regional Transit Long- Range Plan: Volume 1. Sound Transit, Seattle, Washington. University of Washington. 2004. Department of Environmental Health Website. Available at: http://depts.washington.edu/envhlth/. Chapter 14 - Public Services and Utilities United States Geological Survey, Washington Water Science Center. 2008. Water Use Data. Available at: http://wa.water.usgs.gov/data/wuse/. Chapter 15 - Parks and Recreation - No references - Chapter 16 – Historic and Cultural Resources DAHP (Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation). 2008. Washington Heritage Register Guidebook. July 2008. Available at: http://www.dahp.wa.gov/pages/Documents/documents /WHRAPPLICATIONCOMPLETEguide.pdf.

March 2010 R-8 Puget Sound Regional Council

DAHP (Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation). 2009. Environmental Review: Overview. Available at: http://www.dahp.wa.gov/pages/EnvironmentalReview/EnvironmentalReviewOverview.htm. Accessed April 2009. Fleming, S.E. 1919. Civics (supplement): Seattle King County. Seattle Public Schools, Seattle, Washington. Plate facing page 52. Image available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seattle_-_First_Avenue_North_from _Pioneer_Square_circa_1919.jpg. Accessed April 2009. HistoryLink.org: Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History. 2002. Overview of King County History, Historical Paper No. 3. Prepared by King County Landmarks and Heritage Program, King County Office of Cultural Resources. Available at: http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm &file_id=7149 (Part 1) and http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=7150 (Part 2). Accessed October 27, 2005. Parker, et al. 1998. Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Traditional Cultural Properties. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Available at: http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/publications /bulletins/nbr38/. Unknown. 1907. Artwork of Seattle and Alaska. W.D. Harney Photogravure Publisher, Racine, Wisconsin. Available at: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Where_the_Forests_of_Seattle_Once_Sprang.jpg. Chapter 17 - Environmental Justice Claritas, Inc. 2005. Private Vendor Providing Current-Year Estimates and Future-Year Projections of Various Demographic Variables. September 2005. Claritas, Inc., San Diego, California. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2003. Central Puget Sound Region Environmental Justice Demographic Profile. Puget Sound Regional Council, Seattle, Washington PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2005a. Regional Planning 2006-2007 Public Involvement Plan. Puget Sound Regional Council, Seattle, Washington. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2005b. VISION 2040: Issue Paper on Regional Demographics and Growth Trends. Puget Sound Regional Council, Seattle, Washington. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2005c. VISION 2040: Issue Paper on Housing. Puget Sound Regional Council, Seattle, Washington. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2005d. Index. Puget Sound Regional Council, Seattle, Washington. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2005e. At the Microscale: Compact Growth and Adverse Health Impacts. PSRC Informational Paper. Prepared by Gail Sandlin, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Pucher, J. and J.L. Renne. 2003. Socioeconomics of Urban Travel: Evidence from the 2001 NHTS. Transportation Quarterly 57(3):49–77. Summer 2003. Available at: http://policy.rutgers.edu/faculty/pucher /TQPuchRenne.pdf. Sound Transit. 2005. Regional Transit Long-Range Plan Final Environmental Impact Statement. Section 4.13, Historic and Cultural Resources. Sound Transit, Seattle, Washington. U.S. Census Bureau. 2000. Decennial Census of Population and Housing. Weinstein, A. and G.-C. Sciara. 2004. Assessing the Equity Implications of Hot Lanes. A Report Prepared for the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. November 2004. Chapter 18 - Human Health

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Cambridge Systematics, Inc. 2008. Crashes vs. Congestion: What’s the Cost to Society? Prepared for the American Automobile Association. March 2008. Available at: www.aaanewsroom.net/Assets/Files /200835920140.CrashesVsCongestionExecutiveSummary2.28.08.pdf CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 1999. Physical Activity and Health – A Report of the Surgeon General. 1996. Prepared by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion and The President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. November 1999. Available at: www.cdc.gov/nccdphp /sgr/sgr.htm. CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 2008. Preventing Chronic Diseases: Investing Wisely in Health. Preventing Obesity and Chronic Diseases Through Good Nutrition and Physical Activity. Revised August 2008. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/publications/factsheets/prevention/pdf /obesity.pdf. Accessed April 2009. Climate Impacts Group. 2007. “Climate Change in the Pacific Northwest: Impacts, Choices, and Change.” A presentation of the Climate Impacts Group, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. March 2007. Available at: http://cses.washington.edu/cig/outreach/presentations.shtml. Accessed April 2009. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1971. Noise from Construction Equipment and Operations, Building Equipment, and Home Appliances. NTID 300.1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1974. Information on Levels of Environmental Noise Requisite to Protect Public Health and Welfare with an Adequate Margin of Safety. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report Number EPA 550/9-74-004. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor, Michigan. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2002. Health Assessment Document for Diesel Engine Exhaust. EPA/600/8-90/057F. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington Office, Washington, D.C. May 2002. Available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=29060. Frumkin, H. and S. Gaffield. 2004. Water Quantity and Quality. Chapter 7 in Frumkin, H., L. Frank, and R. Jackson (eds). Urban Sprawl and Public Health: Planning and Designing for Healthy Communities. Island Press. 338 pp. Gies, E. 2007. The Health Benefits of Parks. The Trust for Public Land. King County. 2005. Travel Behavior, Environmental, & Health Impacts of Community Design & Transportation Investment – A Study of Land Use, Transportation, Air Quality, and Health (LUTAQH) in King County, WA: Executive Summary. December 2005. Prepared by Lawrence Frank and Co., Inc. Available at: http://www.metrokc.gov/kcdot/tp/ortp/LUTAQH/LUTAQHreport_finalproof_012506.pdf. Maller, C., M. Townsend, A. Pryor, P. Brown, and L. St Leger. 2005. Healthy Nature Healthy People: Contact with Nature as an Upstream Health Promotion Intervention for Populations. Health Promotion International 21(1):45-54. PSCAA and Public Health (Puget Sound Clean Air Agency and Public Health – Seattle & King County). 2008. SR 520 Health Impact Assessment, A Bridge to a Healthier Community. September 2008. Available at: http://www.kingcounty.gov/healthservices/health/ehs/~/media/health/publichealth/documents/hia /SR520HealthImpactAssessment.ashx. Accessed April 2009. PSRC (Puget Sound Regional Council). 2006. Household Activity Survey Analysis Report. Available at: http://www.psrc.org/data/surveys/hhsurvey/hhactivitysurvey.pdf. SafeRoutes. Undated. Crossing Procedures for a Variety of Situations. Prepared by the National Center for Safe Routes to School and Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, with funding from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Available at:

March 2010 R-10 Puget Sound Regional Council http://www.saferoutesinfo.org/guide/crossing_guard/crossing_procedures_for_a_variety_of_situations.cfm. Accessed April 2009. Sullivan, W., F. Kuo, and S. Depooter. 2004. The Fruit of Urban Nature – Vital Neighborhood Spaces. Environment and Behavior 36(5):678-700. Wikipedia. 2005. Jackhammer. Photograph by Josh Parris. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki /File:Jackhammer.jpg. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 1991. Noise Measurement Values. Unpublished report by Washington State Department of Transportation, Olympia, Washington. WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). 2009. Bridges and Structures by the Numbers. Available at: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Bridge/Reporting/BridgesByNumbers.htm.

March 2010 Puget Sound Regional Council D-1 Distribution List

PSRC BOARD and COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Executive Board COUNTIES: Growth Management Policy Board Island County Transportation Policy Board King County Economic Development District Board Kitsap County Regional Staff Committee Pierce County Prosperity Partnership Roundtable Snohomish County Transportation 2040 Environmental Justice Group Thurston County Transportation 2040 Ad Hoc Environmental Planning Group CITIES & TOWNS: Edgewood Maple Valley Ruston Algona Edmonds Marysville Sammamish Arlington Enumclaw Medina SeaTac Auburn Everett Mercer Island Seattle Bainbridge Island Federal Way Mill Creek Shoreline Beaux Arts Village Fife Milton Skykomish Bellevue Fircrest Monroe Snohomish Black Diamond Gig Harbor Mountlake Terrace Snoqualmie Bonney Lake Granite Falls Mukilteo Stanwood Bothell Hunts Point Newcastle Steilacoom Bremerton Issaquah North Bend Sultan Buckley Kenmore Orting Sumner Burien Kent Pacific Tacoma Clyde Hill Kirkland Port Orchard Tukwila Covington Lake Forest Park Poulsbo University Place DuPont Lake Stevens Puyallup Woodinville Duvall Lakewood Redmond Woodway Eatonville Lynnwood Renton Yarrow Point

March 2010 D-2 Puget Sound Regional Council

REGIONAL AGENCIES: Puyallup Tribe of Indians Benton Franklin Regional Council Sauk Suiattle Tribal Council Grays Harbor Council of Governments Snohomish Tribal Organization Kitsap Regional Coordinating Council Snoqualmie Indian Tribe Puget Sound Clean Air Agency Steilacoom Tribe Skagit Council of Governments Stillaguamish Board of Directors Southwest Washington Regional Transportation Suquamish Indian Tribe Council Tulalip Tribe of Indians Spokane Regional Transportation Council Thurston Regional Planning Council PORTS: Whatcom County Council of Governments Port of Bremerton Yakima Valley Conference of Governments Port of Edmonds Port of Everett STATE AGENCIES: Port of Seattle Department of Community, Trade, Economic Port of Tacoma Development Department of Ecology, SEPA Unit TRANSIT AGENCIES: Department of Environmental Services Community Transit Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Everett Transportation Services Department of Health Intercity Transit Department of Natural Resources Kitsap Transit Department of Social and Health Services Metropolitan King County Department of Transportation Pierce Transit Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation Sound Transit Office of the Attorney General Office of the Governor UTILITIES: Parks and Recreating Commission Bonneville Power Administration Utilities and Transportation Commission Cascade Water Alliance Washington State Ferries Kitsap County Public Works Washington State Senate Northwest Power and Conservation Council Washington State Transportation Commission Peninsula Light Company Pierce County Department of Public Works & Utilities FEDERAL AGENCIES: Puget Sound Energy Federal Aviation Administration Seattle City Light Federal Emergency Management Agency Snohomish County Public Utility District Federal Highways Administration Tacoma Public Utilities Federal Transit Administration National Marine Fisheries Service LIBRARIES: National Park Service Everett Public Library Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge Greenwood Press U.S. Army Corps of Engineers King County Library U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs Kitsap Regional Library U.S. Department of Interior News Tribune Library U.S. Department of Transportation Pacific Lutheran University Library U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Pierce County Library U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Puyallup Library U.S. Forest Service Renton Library U.S. Navy Seattle Pacific University Library Seattle Public Library TRIBES: Seattle University Library Duwamish Tribal Office Sno-Isle Regional Library Muckleshoot Tribe of Indians Sound Transit Library Nisqually Indian Community Council Tacoma Public Library Port Gamble S’Klallam Tribe University of Washington

March 2010 Puget Sound Regional Council D-3

Washington State Library Hopelink Washington State University Hospice of Kitsap County Washington State Department of Transportation Housing Hope Library Housing Resources Board Housing Resources Group ACADEMIC/COMMUNITY/ENVIRONMENTAL: Indochinese Cultural & Service Center African American Partners for Prosperity Inter*im Community Development Association African American Reach & Teach Health Ministry Kent Youth & Family Services African Business Association of Seattle American Red Cross King County Office of Business Relations/Economic Asian Pacific Island Coalition of Pierce County Development Asian Pacific Islander Women & Family Safety Center King County Aging Program Special Needs Arab American Community Coalition Transportation Asian Counseling & Referral Service Kitsap Community Resources Atlantic Street Center Kitsap County Planning Commission Bainbridge Island Health, Housing & Human Services Kitsap Family YMCA Bellevue Community College Kitsap Regional Coordinating Council Bellevue Downtown Association Korean American Voters Alliance Bicycle Alliance of Washington Latino Network South King County Boys & Girls Club of King County League of Women Voters Bremerton Housing Authority Little Red Hen-Rainbow Human Services Campfire USA – Central Puget Sound Council Low Income Housing Institute (LIHI) Cascade Bicycle Club Marysville Family YMCA Cascade Land Conservancy Minority Executive Directors Coalition of King County Catholic Refugee & Immigration Services Mt. Zion Baptist Church\ Center for Career Alternatives Municipal League of King County Centro Latino SER-Jobs for Progress Neighborhood House Childhaven New Holly (Seattle Housing Authority) Chinese Chamber of Commerce Non-Profit Assistance Center Chinese Information & Service Center Northwest Somali Community Center City of Bremerton Community Development Obsidian Investment Advisors LLC City of Seattle Immigrants & Refugees Advisory Oromo Community Organization Board Pacific Asian Empowerment Program Committee for Children Peninsula Community Health Services Community Coalition for Environmental Justice People for Puget Sound Daniel J. Evans School of Public Affairs Pierce County Community Services East African Community Development Council Pierce County Public Works East African Community Services POCAAN El Centro de la Familia Public Health Seattle & King County El Centro de la Raza Puget Sound Partnership Emerald City Outreach Ministries Rainier Beach Coalition for Community Empowerment Ethiopian Community Mutual Association Rainier Beach High School Everett Community College Rainier Valley Community Development Fund enterpriseSeattle Rainier Vista Executive Alliance Refugee Federation Service Center Familias Unidas Refugee Forum, Everett Community College Filipino Community of Seattle Refugee Support Service Coalition Friends of Youth Refugee Women’s Alliance Futurewise Saint James ESL Program Girl Scouts of Western Washington Saint Andrews Housing Group Greater Trinity Missionary Baptist Church Salaam Urban Village Association Guiding Lights Network Salmon Recovery Funding Board Harborview Medical Center Salvation Army Holly Ridge Center SCIDpda Hope Academic Enrichment Center SeaMar Community Health Center

March 2010 D-4 Puget Sound Regional Council

Seattle Housing Authority Washington Environmental Council Seattle Community Colleges Washington State Commission on African American Seattle Jobs Initiative Affairs Seattle Lighthouse for the Blind Washington State Conservation Commission Seattle Pacific University Washington State Vietnamese American Chamber of Seattle Public Library Commerce Seattle Public Schools Washington Commission on Hispanic Affairs Seattle University Washington State Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Seattle Works Work Force Development Council of Snohomish Senior Services Snohomish County County Sierra Club Work Opportunities, Inc Snohomish County Community Action Partnership YMCA of Greater Seattle Snohomish County Housing Authority Snohomish County WDC-Worksource BUSINESS: Snohomish Health District AMTRAK Somali Community Services Coalition Bellevue Chamber of Commerce Somali National Development Program Boeing Commercial Airplane Group South Kitsap Helpline Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad Southeast Economic Development Economic Development Council of Snohomish Southeast Seattle Senior Center County Southeast Youth & Family Services Eli Lilly & Co. Special Needs Transportation Coalitions, King, Everett Area Chamber Task Force Kitsap, Pierce and Snohomish Counties Ezell’s Famous Chicken Suburban Cities Association Factoria mall 4055 Swedish Medical Center Gaitan Group, The Tabor 100 Garry Struthers Associates, Inc. Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department Greater Seattle Chamber of Commerce Tacoma/Pierce County EDB Homestreet Bank Tahoma Audubon Society Kitsap Economic Development Council Tigrean Community Association Plato’s Closet Trade Development Alliance of Greater Seattle Snohomish Association of Realtors Transportation Choices Coalition Master Builders Association of King, Pierce & Trust for Public Land Snohomish Counties United Way of Pierce County Snohomish County Workforce Development Council United Way of Snohomish County Tacoma-Pierce County Chamber of Commerce United Way of King County Tyrisco University of Puget Sound Union Pacific Railroad University of Washington Climate Impacts Group Uwajimaya Inc. University of Washington Department of Urban Washington Association of Realtors Design & Planning Vashon-Maury Island Community Council Other Vietnamese Business Community Those agencies, groups and individuals who Washington Audubon submitted comments during Scoping. Washington Chapter American Planning Association

March 2010