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Terminal Operations Specialises Handbook

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/*AjS3''/7 Hete FM 55 -17 ^ ^m 5 s -n tîWJUinl FIELD MANUAL TERMINAL OPERATIONS SPECIALISES i I HANDBOOK THE ARMY LIBRAM WASHINGTON, D. C. HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE A R\M Y NOVEMBER 1975 r 4 k m This manual contains copyright material. *FM 55-17 FIELD MANUAL HEADQUARTERS « DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. 55-17 WASHINGTON, D. C., 28 November 1975 TERMINAL OPERATIONS SPECIALIST'S HANDBOOK Paragraph Page PART ONE. CONVENTIONAL LOADING AND DISCHARGING AT FIXED FACILITIES CHAPTER 1. GENERAL 1-1 —1-8 1-1 2. PRESTOWAGE PLANNING Seclion I. Vessel Data 2-1 -2-4 2-1 II. Planning Factors . 2-5-2-10 2-25 III. Cargo Planning 2-11,2-12 2-37 IV. Cargo Receipt and Specific Load Planning . 2-13—2-15 2-44 V. Discharge Planning . 2-16-2-20 2-51 CHAPTER 3. RIGGING AND OPERATING SHIP'S GEAR Section I. General 3-1 —3-5 3-1 Winches . 3-6 —3-9 3-10 Rigging and Standard Cargo Booms . 3-10-3-13 3-15 IV. Single-Rigged Cargo Booms . 3-14—3-19 3-29 V. Rigging Standard Booms for Heavy Lifts 3-20-3-25 3-33 VI. Heavy Lift Booms . 3-26-3-30 3-42 VII. Hatch Tents and Save-Alls . 3-31,3-32 3-47 VIII. Rigging Expedients 3-33-3-39 3-49 IX. Developments in Ship’s Gear ... 3-40-3-42 3-54 CHAPTER 4. CARGO HANDLING GEAR 4-1 — 4-20 4-1 5. MATERIALS HANDLING EQUIPMENT 5-1 -5-5 5-1 6. LOADING AND DISCHARGE Section I. General ... 6-1 —6-3 6-1 II. Stowage of General Cargo 6-4-6-17 6-7 HI. Stowage of Heavy Lifts 6-18-6-23 6-18 IV. Stowage of Refrigerated Cargo 6-24-6-28 6-22 V. Stowage of Dangerous Cargo 6-29—6-32 6-23 VI. Stowage of Palletized Cargo . 6-33, 6-34 6-30 VII. Stowage of Deck Cargo 6-35-6-42 6-31 VIII. Discharging Cargo 6-43-6-47 6-36 IX. Terminal Clearance . 6-48—6-51 6-37 X. Preventing Damage to and Loss of Cargo 6-52-6-59 6-38 XI. Personnel Safety Measures 6-60- 6-63 6-40 XII. Fire Prevention and Firefighting 6-64-6-68 6-41 PART Two. CONTAINERIZATION CHAPTER 7. GENERAL . .. 7-1 —7-3 7-1 8. CONTAINER MOVEMENT SYSTEMS Section I. Through Movement 8-1, 8-2 8-1 Military Application 8-3, 8-4 8-6 CHAPTER 9. OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS SECTION I. Responsibilities ... 9-1 —9-5 9-1 ii. Container Stuffing Guidelines . 9-6—9-9 9-3 III. Operational and Safe Handling Procedures 9-10, 9-11 9-6 IV. 9-12, 9-13 9-26 MILSTAMPJ Requirements for MILVAN/SEAVAN Service ‘This manual supersedes TM 55-513, 17 October 1967. I FM 55-17- Paragraph Page PAHT THREE. CARGO HANDLING IN LOGISTICS OVER-THE-SHORE OPERATIONS CHAP 1ER 10. INTRODUCTION 10-1, 10-2 10-1 11. LOADING LIGHTERS AT SHIPSIDE 11-1,11-2 11-1 12. DISCHARGE LIGHTERS AT THE BEACH Section I. Landing Craft 12-1,12-2 12-1 II. Amphibians 12-3 — 12-5 12-2 PART FOUR. MOTOR TRANSPORT AND RAIL LOADING CHAPTER 13. INTRODUCTION 13-1, 13-2 13-1 14. MOTOR TRANSPORT 14-1-14-6 14-1 15. RAIL 16-1-15-10 15-1 APPENDIX A. REFERNCES A-l B. FIBER AND WIRE ROPE RIGGING B-l C. CONVERSION FACTORS C-l INDEX Index-1 II FM55-V7 PART ONE CONVENTIONAL LOADING AND DISCHARGING AT FIXED ; FACILITIES CHAPTER 1 GENERAL 1-1.' Purpose ànd Scope figures and dimensions expressed in this manual a- This, manual is a guide for personnel con- consult Appendix C, Conversion Factors. cerned with the handling of military cargo in 1-2. Changes or Revision terminal operations. It deals with facilities, Users of this publication are encouraged to planning, operation, and equipment. recommend changes and submit comments for its b. This manual consists of four parts: improvement. Comments should be keyed to the ) (1) Part One provides general information on specific page, paragraph, and line of the text in vessel data and characteristics, cargo planning, which the change is recommended. Reasons will and loading and discharge of vessels through be provided for each comment to insure un- fixed wharf facilities. derstanding and complete evaluation. Comments , ' (2) Part Two consists of general information should be prepared using DA Form 2028, on containers, equipment related to them, types Recommended Changes to Publications and of container movement systems, and operational Blank Forms, and forwarded direct to the requirements for such systems. Commandant, US Army Transportation School, (3) Part Three contains instructions ' for ATTN: ATSP-CTD-OR, Fort Eustis, Virginia loading and unloading vessels and moving cargo 23604. across the beach in logistics over-the-shore operations. 1-3. Harbor Facilities (4) Part Four gives instructions for loading Personnel engaged in military stevedoring must and discharging rail and motor equipment. be able to identify the facilities and structures Loading, discharging, and transferring cargo at alongside of which vessels are moored while cargo other than water terminals are also discussed. is being worked. Some of the terms used relating c. This manual is applicable to nuclear and to harbor facilities or structures are described nonnuclear warfare. below and are illustrated in figure 1-1. d. Should metric measurements be required on 1-1 FM 55-17 © © SS © © © © INCHOMGE QUAY PER SLIP FLOATING CRANE TRANSIT SHED Figure 1-1. Nomenclature of harbor facilities. a. Wharf. A wharf is a structure built be discharged. The cargo planner must be able to alongside or extending into deep water with load a vèssel so that it can be discharged to meet accommodations for securing vessels alongside it. the requirements of any given mission. There are Piers and quays are types of wharves. two general types of vessel loading: ad- (1) Pier. A pier is a wharf running at an ministrative and combat. angle with the shoreline and providing a landing a. Administrative Loading. Administrative place on each side for vessels to receive and loading is a method of vessel loading giving discharge cargo or land passengers. primary consideration to achieving the maximum (2) Quay. A quay (pronounced “key”) is a utilization of a ship’s cargo carrying capability wharf constructed parallel to the shoreline; it has without regard to tactical considerations. In berthing accommodations on one side only. administrative loading, equipment and supplies b. Anchorage. An area in a harbor or stream must be discharged and sorted before they can be where a vessel anchors or may anchor. used. Since the majority of vessels are ad- c. Berth. A berth is the area assigned to a ministratively loaded, this type of loading has vessel in port when anchored or when lying been given primary emphasis in this manual. alongside a quay or a pier. Cargo loaded administratively may be loaded for d. Slip. The area of water between two piers is a single port or multiple ports of discharge. known as a slip. (1) Single-port loading. In loading for a e. Transit Sheds. Transit sheds are structures singlé port of discharge, the supplies are stowed built on piers or adjacent to quays for the tem- so as to utilize.the maximum carrying capacity of porary storage of cargo in transit between a vessel a ship. and an inland mode or storage area when covered (2) Multiple-port loading. In loading vessels protection is required. They may also be used for for multiple-port discharge, supplies for more consolidating shipment units or for breaking bulk than one destination are stowed so that items can shipments. be discharged in the order of arrival at the ship’s f. Apron. An apron is that portion of a wharf, scheduled destinations. Care must be taken by pier, or quay lying between the waterfront edge the original and intermediate loading ports to and the transit shed. prevent overstowing cargo for subsequent 1-4. Types of Vessel Loading discharge. b. Combat Loading. In combat loading, The sequence in which cargo is loaded determines primary consideration is given to the facility with the sequence in which supplies and equipment will 1-2 FM 55-17 ' which troops, equipment, and supplies can be For more details on CONUS military ocean unloaded ready for combat, rather than to terminal operations, see TM 55-606. economical utilization of vessel space. It is with c. MTMC, the single managing agency for this type of loading that cargo load planners are operating CONUS common-user ocean terminals, primarily concerned in amphibious operations. is responsible for providing berthing and docking Information on methods of combat loading and services for vessels, having cargo available for methods of stowage for amphibious operations loading at the specified time, preparing the may be found in FM 60-30. stowage plan, and handling the cargo. These 1-5. Terminal Organizations in the Continental responsibilities include preparation of the hold for United States receiving cargo; stowing, lashing,'and shoring as required; and cleaning the holds of Government- a. The Army is the single-service manager for owned or Government-operated vessels after the surface transportation and for the operation of cargo is discharged. ; common-user ocean terminals in the continental United States (CONUS). The Military Traffic 1-6. Terminal Organizations in Theaters of Management Command (MTMC) is the Army’s Operations organization for performing these functions. It a. The transportation terminal group normally commands and operates, or arranges for the use is the senior terminal activity in the theater of of, CONUS military common-user ocean ter- operation.
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