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Social Inequalities in Health-Related Behaviours : Is the Grass Greener on the Other Side ? Marion Devaux

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Social Inequalities in Health-Related Behaviours : Is the Grass Greener on the Other Side ? Marion Devaux Social Inequalities in Health-Related Behaviours : Is the grass greener on the other side ? Marion Devaux To cite this version: Marion Devaux. Social Inequalities in Health-Related Behaviours : Is the grass greener on the other side ?. Economics and Finance. Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2014. English. NNT : 2014PA090041. tel-01126845 HAL Id: tel-01126845 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01126845 Submitted on 6 Mar 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITE PARIS-DAUPHINE ECOLE DOCTORALE DE DAUPHINE LABORATOIRE D’ÉCONOMIE DE DAUPHINE Inégalités Sociales des Comportements de Santé: L’herbe est-elle plus verte ailleurs? Social Inequalities in Health-Related Behaviours: Is the grass greener on the other side? THESE Pou lotetio du gade de Doteu e “iees Éooiues présentée et soutenue publiquement le 6 novembre 2014 par Marion DEVAUX sous la direction de Florence JUSOT MEMBRES DU JURY RAPPORTEURS Fabrice ETILE Directeur de Recherche INRA, Paris School of Economics Lise ROCHAIX Pofesseu à lUiesit Pais , Paris School of Economics SUFFRAGANTS Florence JUSOT Pofesseu à lUiesit Paris- Dauphine Thierry LANG Pofesseu à lUiesit Toulouse III, INSERM Franco SASSI Éooiste à lOCDE, Professeur à London School of Economics Jérôme WITTWER Pofesseu à lUiesit Bodeau Segalen, Université Paris-Dauphine LUNIVERSITE PARIS-DAUPHINE nentend donner aucune approbation ni improbation aux opinions émises dans les thèses ; ces opinions doivent être considérées comme propres à leurs auteurs. Table des matières/Table of contents PRÉAMBULE .................................................................................................................................................. I FOREWORD ................................................................................................................................................. III RÉSUMÉ ........................................................................................................................................................ V SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................. VII RÉSUMÉ CONSÉQUENT EN FRANÇAIS ................................................................................................ IX GENERAL INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. - 1 - 1. Background ......................................................................................................................................... - 2 - 2. The determinants of health inequalities .............................................................................................. - 3 - 2.1. Theoretical framework ................................................................................................................. - 4 - 2.2. Focus on social inequalities in health-related behaviours ............................................................ - 5 - 3. How can international comparisons contribute? ................................................................................. - 7 - 3.1. The importance of cross-country comparisons............................................................................. - 7 - 3.2. Cross-country studies on inequalities in health ............................................................................ - 8 - 3.3. Cross-country studies on inequalities in health-related behaviours ............................................. - 9 - 4. What does this thesis bring? ............................................................................................................. - 10 - 4.1. Research questions ..................................................................................................................... - 10 - 4.2. Outline of this thesis ................................................................................................................... - 11 - REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................... - 14 - CHAPTER 1. ............................................................................................................................................ - 19 - DATA AND METHODS ......................................................................................................................... - 19 - 1. DATA ............................................................................................................................................... - 20 - 1.1. Data sources ............................................................................................................................... - 20 - 1.2. Data comparability and construction of variables ...................................................................... - 22 - 1.3. Data limitations .......................................................................................................................... - 24 - 2. METHODS ....................................................................................................................................... - 31 - 2.1. Multivariate logistic regression .................................................................................................. - 31 - 2.2. Relative and absolute index of inequality .................................................................................. - 32 - 2.3. Concentration Index ................................................................................................................... - 34 - 2.4. Discussion of the measures used: pros and cons ........................................................................ - 36 - REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................... - 38 - CHAPTER 2. ............................................................................................................................................ - 41 - SOCIAL INEQUALITIES IN OBESITY AND OVERWEIGHT IN ELEVEN OECD COUNTRIES .. - 41 - ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... - 42 - INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ - 43 - METHODS ........................................................................................................................................... - 44 - Data ................................................................................................................................................... - 44 - Inequality measures ........................................................................................................................... - 45 - RESULTS ............................................................................................................................................. - 46 - Inequalities by education level .......................................................................................................... - 46 - Inequalities by socio-economic status ............................................................................................... - 47 - Trends in inequalities across education levels .................................................................................. - 49 - DISCUSSION ....................................................................................................................................... - 49 - REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................... - 52 - EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EDUCATION AND OBESITY ............................. - 63 - ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... - 64 - Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... - 65 - Existing evidence on the relationship between education and obesity ................................................. - 68 - Policy and institutional environment .................................................................................................... - 70 - General trends in obesity in the four countries ..................................................................................... - 72 - Is the strength of the correlation between education and obesity constant across the entire education spectrum, overall and in different population sub-groups? ................................................................... - 74 - Does the relationship between education and obesity reflect the role of other factors associated with individual education? ...........................................................................................................................
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