National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior
Natural Resource Program Center
Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Pipe Spring National Monument
Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR–2008/131 ON THE COVER Wetland below West Cabin, Pipe Spring National Monument, Arizona. Photo by Walter Fertig.
Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora Pipe Spring National Monument
Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR–2008/131
Authors Walter Fertig Moenave Botanical Consulting 1117 W. Grand Canyon Dr. Kanab, UT 84741
Jason Alexander Curator, UVU Herbarium Utah Valley University 800 West University Parkway Orem, UT 84058
Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Northern Colorado Plateau Network P.O. Box 848 Moab, UT 84532
October 2008
U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner.
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Please cite this publication as: Fertig, W., and J. Alexander. 2008. Annotated checklist of vascular flora: Pipe Spring National Monument. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NCPN/NRTR–2008/131. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
NPS D-222, October 2008 ii Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Contents
Figures...... v Tables...... vii Abstract...... ix Acknowledgements...... xi
1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Background and justification...... 1 1.2 Objectives...... 1 1.3 Study area...... 1 1.3.1 History and setting...... 1 1.3.2 Geology...... 2 1.3.3 Vegetation...... 2 1.3.4 Previous botanical studies...... 4
2 Methods...... 7
3 Results...... 9 3.1 Summary of the flora of Pipe Spring National Monument...... 9 3.2 Life form and biogeographic diversity...... 10 3.3 Plants of special concern...... 10 3.4 Noxious weeds...... 11 4 Discussion...... 13
5 Literature Cited...... 15
6 Appendices...... 17 Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family and scientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes.. 20 Appendix B. Potential (unconfirmed) taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument...... 44 Appendix C. Rejected (falsely reported or questionable) taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument...... 47 Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form and common name with ecological notes...... 48
Contents iii iv Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Figures
Figure 1.3.1. Location of Pipe Spring National Monument, Mohave County, Arizona. Map created by Aneth Wight of NCPN (derived from Evenden et al. 2002)...... 3 Figure 1.3.4. Increase in the number of plant taxa confirmed as present in Pipe Spring National Monument by decade, 1930–2008...... 6
Contents v vi Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Tables
Table 1.3.4. Chronology of plant-collecting efforts in Pipe Spring National Monument...... 5 Table 3.1. Statistical summary of the flora of Pipe Spring National Monument...... 9 Table 3.3. Plant species of conservation concern from Pipe Spring National Monument...... 11
Contents vii viii Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Abstract
In 2005–2006, the National Park Service’s Northern Colorado Plateau Network received funding to develop a revised checklist of the vascular plant flora of Pipe Spring National Monument. This entailed a thorough review of existing literature, re-examination of specimens from the Pipe Spring National Monument herbarium and other state and national museum collections, and additional field work to corroborate unverified species reports or locate new species. Based on this study, 277 vascu- lar plant taxa have been confirmed or reliably reported as occuring in the monument (215 are known from validated herbarium specimens and 62 from unvouchered literature reports). Another 15 species formerly considered part of the monument flora have now been shown to be falsely reported. The current flora of Pipe Spring National Monument represents 6.5% of the known flora of Arizona and 11% of the flora of northern Arizona and the Arizona Strip. Although no federally listed threatened or endangered species are known from the monument, two occur in the vicinity. Three plant species from Pipe Spring National Monument are currently tracked as species of concern by the State of Arizona’s Natural Heritage Program. Introduced plants make up nearly 21% of the monument flora (58 species), of which only 4 species are considered noxious weeds by the State of Arizona. Further surveys in Pipe Spring National Monument are likely to find additional new species (46 are known from similar habi- tats outside the monument boundary), especially among late-season flowering, weedy, or wetland taxa.
Contents ix x Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the following individuals for their assistance with this project. Botanist Dr. Angela Evenden, former leader of the Northern Colorado Plateau Network in Moab, Utah, was an active proponent of this project and helped secure funding for field work and herbarium studies in 2006. John Hiscock and Andrea Bornemeier provided data from monument archives and assisted with research permits. Cheryl Decker and Denise Louie, of Zion National Park, assisted with field surveys of the monument in 2001. Heather Karnes and An Glorieux helped with field work and data entry in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Libby Nance, database specialist with the NCPN, assisted with development and quality control of the monument’s NPSpecies database. Libby Nance, Janet Coles, and Helen Thomas also provided data from recent vegetation mapping and wetland inventories on the monument. Drs. Stanley Welsh and Duane Atwood provided access to herbarium collections at Brigham Young University. Dr. Michael Piep provided access to collections at the Utah State University (Intermountain) herbarium. Dr. Ron Hartman and Ernie Nelson provided access and specimen loans from the Rocky Mountain Herbarium at the University of Wyoming. Thanks to the technical reviewers (Angela Evenden, Dr. Dusty Perkins, and Libby Nance) for their comments and suggestions. To any others whom we may have inadvertently forgotten, please accept our apologies (and thanks).
Research was conducted under permit # PISP-2006-SCI-0002 for study number PISP-00005. Funding was provided by the National Park Service through an agreement with the Rocky Mountains Coopera- tive Ecosystem Studies Unit and the University of Wyoming.
Contents xi xii Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument (Evenden et al. 2002). This effort has entailed re- 1 Introduction viewing existing species checklists, corroborating the identification of specimens in park museum In 2006, the National Park Service (NPS) estab- and herbarium collections, locating additional lished a cooperative agreement with the Univer- specimen records from other museums, mining sity of Wyoming, through the Rocky Mountains relevant literature and datasets, and conducting Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit, to produce field surveys to locate new taxa1 or confirm un- a series of technical reports summarizing the vas- substantiated reports. All of these data have been cular plant flora of each of the 16 national park synthesized in NPSpecies, the park service’s stan- units of the Northern Colorado Plateau Network dardized database for documenting park status (NCPN). These reports are based on existing in- (present, probably present, unconfirmed, falsely formation in the park service’s NPSpecies data- reported), abundance, residency, nativity, and base system and augmented by further data min- rarity. With the production of a technical series of ing, reviews of state and regional herbaria, and reports on the flora of each park, the NPSpecies new field surveys to resolve the status of many data will now be available to a broader audience. reported and unconfirmed species. The objec- tive of these reports is to summarize the current state of knowledge of the flora of each park for 1.2 Objectives the benefit of NPS biologists and interpretive The objectives of this project are to: staff, outside researchers, and the general public. The following report addresses the vascular flora 1. Document the current status (present, of Pipe Spring National Monument, in northern reported, potential, or falsely reported) of Arizona. Other NCPN park units are addressed all vascular plant species that have been in separate reports. cited as occurring in Pipe Spring National Monument based on a review of herbarium collections and past literature; and 1.1 Background and justification One of the primary missions of NPS is “to con- 2. Develop an annotated checklist of the flora serve unimpaired the natural and cultural resourc- of Pipe Spring National Monument with es and values of the national park system for the supplemental information on taxonomic enjoyment of this and future generations” (NPS synonyms, distribution, within-park abun- 2000). Due to their high degree of protection and dance, flowering period, growth form, nativ- distribution across a wide variety of habitat types, ity, habitat, and sources for each record. the nation’s national park units make a signifi- cant contribution to the protection of biological 1.3 Study area diversity (Noss and Cooperrider 1994). Unfortu- nately, the full contribution of the NPS system is 1.3.1 History and setting not known, as many park units have traditionally As one of the few reliable water sources in a large lacked comprehensive biological inventories or desert area, Pipe Spring has been a focal area of monitoring programs to identify the composition human activity for many centuries. Prior to about and condition of their biota. Knowing the status 300 B.C., the Arizona Strip was inhabited by semi- of park flora and fauna is critical for effective park nomadic hunter-gatherers who left little physical management and for systematically identifying evidence behind. Over the next thousand years, and filling gaps in the nation’s protected area net- the region was inhabited by Ancestral Puebloan work (Margules and Pressey 2000). peoples who engaged in agriculture and hunting and produced abundant artifacts, including pit- To rectify this shortcoming, Congress passed the house sites, woven baskets, pottery sherds, and National Parks Omnibus Management Act in 1998 arrowheads. Prolonged drought was one likely to provide guidance and funding for an inventory factor that brought an end to the Puebloan cul- and monitoring program across the entire Na- ture in the local area by 1250 A.D. Subsequent tional Park System. Since 2000, the NCPN Inven- inhabitants of the Arizona Strip were semi-no- tory and Monitoring Program has been develop- madic Southern Paiute bands; the Kaibab Paiute ing and verifying species lists of vertebrates and occupied the area at the time of contact with vascular plants for each park unit in the network
1Taxa refer to all named species, subspecies, and varieties.
Chapter 1: Introduction 1 European cultures (McKoy 2000, Leach 1999). formation overlies Kayenta strata derived from early Jurassic river sediments. Navajo Sandstone Mormon missionary Jacob Hamblin passed is more permeable than the Kayenta, and the con- through Pipe Spring in 1858; five years later, St. tact between the two formations is notable as a George, Utah, resident James Whitmore estab- source of springs throughout the Colorado Pla- lished a cattle ranch there. In January 1866, Whit- teau. The juxtaposition of this contact zone with more was murdered during a trip to retrieve live- the Sevier Fault (separating the mesa from the stock driven off by an Indian party (Leach 1999, adjacent Moenkopi and Chinle beds to the east) McKoy 2000). The Church of Jesus Christ of accounts for the size and flow of the three springs Latter-Day Saints acquired the property in 1870, in the monument (Pipe Spring, itself, and the constructed a fort (Winsor Castle) that controlled smaller Tunnel and Cabin springs). Holocene-age the outlet of Pipe Spring, and managed the site as alluvium covers the eastern and southern ends of a tithing ranch. During the 1870s, the native desert the monument, burying the Triassic Chinle and grasslands were subjected to grazing by more than Moenkopi formations (Billingsley 2004). 2,500 head of cattle and 11,000 sheep (Alexander 1998a). The ranch passed into private ownership 1.3.3 Vegetation in 1895, and remained as such with the establish- ment of the Kaibab Paiute Indian Reservation in Unfortunately, the pre-settlement vegetation of 1909 (McKoy 2000). Pipe Spring and the Arizona Strip was never stud- ied in detail using modern scientific methods. While traveling to Zion National Park in 1920, Anecdotal reports by local ranchers describe the National Park Service Director Stephen Mather Strip as a “sea of grass” in the late 1860s (Alex- hatched the idea of preserving the site as a nation- ander 1998a). In 1882, geologist Charles Dut- al monument. With the support of local boosters ton wrote that the Pipe Spring area had changed anticipating improved road access and tourism from being “covered with abundant grasses, af- income, President Warren Harding established fording rich pasturage to horses and cattle” to a Pipe Spring National Monument in May 1923, place where “hardly a blade of grass is to be found to “serve as a memorial of western pioneer life.” within ten miles of the spring, unless upon the (McKoy 2000). The monument’s mission has crags and mesas of the Vermilion Cliffs behind it” since been expanded to also convey American In- in just 10 years (Dutton 1882, cited in Alexander dian culture and history and to protect the spring 1998a). Based on historic diaries, archives, and and associated natural environment (Evenden et photographs, Alexander (1998a) reported that al. 2002). the mesa northwest of Pipe Spring was devoid of trees by the time NPS took over management Pipe Spring National Monument is located about in 1923, and the flats surrounding the fort were 15 miles west of Fredonia in eastern Mohave mostly bare ground. County, Arizona (Figure 1.3.1). The monument is situated on the northern end of the Uinkaret Vegetation has slowly recovered in the monu- Plateau, below the Vermilion Cliffs within the Ari- ment. Today, three main plant communities can zona Strip (the northern portion of the state cut be recognized. Sandy flats and south-facing mesa off by the Grand Canyon). The entire monument slopes are inhabited by desert shrub vegetation, covers 40 acres (16 ha) and is embedded within dominated by greenish rabbitbrush (Chrysotham- the Kaibab Paiute Indian Reservation. Elevation nus nauseosus), fourwing saltbush (Atriplex ca- within Pipe Spring National Monument ranges nescens), and sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) from 4,923 to 5,100 feet (1,500–1,555 m). Winter (Alexander 1998b). Steeper Navajo Sandstone temperatures vary from 0 to 40°F, while summer slopes are dominated by open Utah juniper (Juni- temperatures reach highs of 90–115°F (Evenden perus osteosperma) and two-needle pinyon (Pinus et al. 2002). edulis) woodlands with an understory of turbi- nella live oak (Quercus turbinella) and Utah ser- 1.3.2 Geology viceberry (Amelanchier utahensis). Wet meadow vegetation consisting of baltic rush (Juncus arcti- The sandstone ridge to the northwest of Win- cus), rabbitbrush, and scratchgrass (Muhlenbergia sor Castle is comprised of Jurassic-age Navajo asperifolia) occurs below Cabin Spring (by West Sandstone deposited as part of a Sahara-like dune Cabin). A human-made pond, located just out- system that extended from Nevada to Wyoming side Winsor Castle, is dominated by planted white approximately 180 million years ago. The Navajo poplar (Populus alba), Fremont cottonwood (P.
2 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Pipe Spring National Monument Utah
Visitor Center
To St. George, UT To Fredonia, AZ 389
Legend:
Established May 31, 1923 Intermittent Streams Park Boundary (NPS) 1,500−1,555 meters elevation Paved Road Kaibab Reservation (IR) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 (4,923−5,100 feet elevation) Kilometers 16 hectares (40 acres) Unpaved Road 00.1 0.20.3 Miles Unimproved/4WD Road
Figure 1.3.1. Location of Pipe Spring National Monument, Mohave County, Arizona. Map created by Aneth Wight of NCPN (derived from Evenden et al. 2002).
Chapter 1: Introduction 3 fremontii), Carolina poplar (P. x canadensis), Si- discovered (in hindsight, a reasonable prediction). berian elm (Ulmus pumila), and tree-of-heaven Robert Peebles (co-author of Arizona Flora) and (Ailanthus altissima). Much of the remainder of A. R. Purchase added six new species in 1936, and the grounds is dedicated to cultivated orchards later found two more in a 1940 visit—including and a replica pioneer garden. the first report of Opuntia pinkavae (Pinkava’s pricklypear), not recognized as a new species to 1.3.4 Previous botanical studies science until 1997. Utah botanist Walter Cottam and Kathy Parker also collected a few new taxa in The first botanist to visit Pipe Spring was proba- the 1940s. bly Ellen Powell Thompson, sister of John Wesley Powell and resident of Kanab, Utah, in the early Over the next quarter century, relatively little bo- 1870s (Alexander 2004). It is not known wheth- tanical work was done in the monument, except er Thompson collected specimens at the future for some sporadic study in the early to mid-1960s. monument. Marcus E. Jones investigated the flora Ruth Nelson visited Pipe Spring twice starting of Kanab and the Arizona Strip in the 1880s, but in 1971, and added five new species to the flora. it is also unknown whether he specifically collect- Richard King, a range conservationist with the ed at Pipe Spring. Albert Siler, a pioneer rancher Fredonia office of the Soil Conservation Service, and naturalist in southern Utah, collected the compiled a species list in 1977 that included 82 type specimen of Utahia sileri (later renamed plant species (with an emphasis on shrubs and Pediocactus sileri), Siler’s pincushion cactus, from grass species) (King 1977). King’s list contained “Cottonwood Springs and Pipe Springs, southern 39 new species for the monument, of which all Utah” (actually Arizona) in 1883 (Benson 1982). but 18 have since been confirmed with vouchers. This collection is now believed to have come from just outside the monument on the Kaibab Paiute The most intensive botanical surveys of Pipe Indian Reservation, as the exacting habitat condi- Spring National Monument since the mid-1930s tions required by this rare cactus are not present have taken place in the last decade. Zion National within monument boundaries. Park biologists Karen Mason and Bill LaBarre, who conducted a noxious-weed inventory in The holotype of Pipe Spring pricklypear (Opun- 1997, reported 13 new species for the monument tia erinacea var. aurea, O. basilaris var. aurea, or (Kurth 1998). In 1998, Jason Alexander was hired O. aurea, depending on one’s taxonomic pref- by the NPS to research vegetation change within erence) was collected “1/2 mile north of Pipe the monument and compile a revised species list. Spring” by McCabe and McCabe in 1930 (Ben- Alexander (1998b) documented 166 taxa for Pipe son 1982). This locality is either within or barely Spring National Monument, of which 63 repre- outside the monument’s boundary, but the spe- sented new species. In 2001, Alexander, Denise cies is well documented elsewhere in Pipe Spring Louie of Zion National Park, and Angie Even- National Monument. If accepted as being col- den of the NCPN staff in Moab, Utah, collected lected in the monument, the McCabe collection 116 vouchers for the PISP herbarium (more than would stand as the earliest known specimen from doubling it in size) and recorded 22 new species the area (Table 1.3.4, Figure 1.3.4). for the flora. This team also verified 60 previous literature reports with specimen vouchers (Table Leonard Heaton, custodian of Pipe Spring Na- 1.3.4). More recently, we, along with Janet Coles tional Monument (PISP), began collecting plants of the NCPN vegetation staff, found 10 new spe- for the PISP herbarium in 1934. Over the next cies for the monument in fall 2007, and relocated seven years, Heaton and J. Whitehead collected 18 more species known only from historical or 112 specimens for the herbarium, representing 98 unvouchered reports. species. Heaton (1935) compiled the first check- list of monument flora in 1935, citing 42 species Additional details on plant-collecting efforts at and estimating that another 100 remained to be PISP can be found in Table 1.3.4.
4 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Table 1.3.4. Chronology of plant-collecting efforts in Pipe Spring National Monument. # of new Year Collector(s) Comments taxa 1883 A. L. Siler 0 Albert L. Siler collected the holotype of Pediocactus sileri from “Cottonwood Springs and Pipe Springs, southern Utah” [Arizona] in 1883. Based on the specific habitat requirements of this species, it is now believed that the collection came from the adjacent Kaibab Paiute Indian Reservation rather than Pipe Spring National Monument, itself. 1930 McCabe and 1 McCabe and McCabe collected the holotype of Opuntia erinacea var. aurea McCabe “1/2 mile north of Pipe Spring” within or very near Pipe Spring National Monument. 1934–1939 L. Heaton, J. 98 + 7 Leonard Heaton, custodian of Pipe Spring National Monument, Whitehead, A. R. reported compiled a vascular plant species list with 42 species in 1935 and noted Purchase, and “there are about 100 more plants that have not been [n]amed or classified...” R. H. Peebles (Heaton 1935). All but 7 of these species have been subsequently vouchered. From 1934–1939, Heaton and J. Whitehead collected 104 voucher specimens for the PISP herbarium and documented 92 plant taxa. In 1936, Robert H. Peebles discovered 4 new species for the monument and A.R. Purchase added 2 new grass species. 1940–1946 R. H. Peebles, 9 R. H. Peebles discovered 2 new species for PISP in 1940, including the first W. Cottam, L. record of Opuntia pinkavae (later described as a new taxon by Bruce Parfitt Heaton, and K. F. in 1997). Walter Cottam and Leonard Heaton found 6 new taxa in 1941, Parker including the earliest report of Lepidium montanum var. stellae (Stella’s pepperwort; later described as a new taxon by Stan Welsh in 1978). Kathy Parker discovered Convolvulus arvensis (field bindweed) in the monument in 1946. 1961 F. Fanning 1 F. Fanning collected Amsonia jonesii (Jones’ amsonia) in the monument (specimen at the Desert Botanical Garden herbarium). 1965–1967 E. Lehto and M. 5 Ganz and Lehto made at least 16 collections at Pipe Spring (deposited Ganz at Arizona State University, University of Arizona, and Northern Arizona University). 1971–1973 R. A. Nelson and 5 Ruth Nelson and M. G. MacLeod made collections at PISP during visits in M. G. MacLeod 1971 and 1973 (specimens are deposited at Arizona State University and the University of Wyoming). 1977 R. J. King 21 + 18 Richard King, range conservationist with the Soil Conservation Service in reported Fredonia, Arizona, compiled an annotated checklist of 82 species for the monument (King 1977), including 39 that had not previously been reported. In subsequent years, 21 of King’s new taxa were documented with vouchers. 1995 A. M. Phillips III 1 Arthur Phillips made 9 collections in the monument, including the first ofRhus aromatica var. simplicifolia (squawbush). 1997 K. Mason and B. 8 + 5 Zion NP biological science technicians Karen Mason and Bill LaBarre conducted LaBarre reported a weed survey of PISP, reporting 13 new species for the area (Kurth 1998), of which 8 have been subsequently vouchered. 1998 J. Alexander 34 + 29 Alexander (1998b) examined historic records and conducted a ground survey reported of the monument to compile a revised checklist of 166 vascular plant taxa for PISP. This list included 63 new species, of which 33 were later vouchered (29 are still known only from literature reports). 2001 J. Alexander, D. 22 Jason Alexander, Denise Louie, and Angie Evenden collected 116 voucher Louie, and A. specimens (doubling the size of the PISP herbarium) and documented 22 new Evenden species as well as making vouchers of over 60 previously reported taxa. 2007 W. Fertig and J. 10 Walter Fertig and Janet Coles conducted surveys and vegetation sampling Coles and added 33 specimens for the PISP herbarium, including 10 new to the monument and 18 that were previously considered historical or had been reported without a voucher.
Chapter 1: Introduction 5 250
200
150
100
50 Number of vascular plant taxa
0 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008
Year
Figure 1.3.4. Increase in the number of plant taxa confirmed as present in Pipe Spring National Monument by decade, 1930–2008.
6 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument ium records), and relevant synonymy and taxo- 2 Methods nomic problems (based on review of Barkworth et al. 2003, 2007, Barneby 1989, Cronquist 1994, Under contract with the National Park Service, Cronquist et al. 1972, 1977, 1984, 1997, Dorn Jason Alexander reviewed all mounted speci- 2001, Flora of North America Editorial Commit- mens in the PISP herbarium in 2004 to determine tee 1993, 1997, 2000, 2002a, 2002b, 2003, 2005, whether each was correctly identified to species, 2006a, 2006b, 2006c, Holmgren et al. 2005, Mc- subspecies, or variety following the nomenclature Dougall 1973, and Weber and Wittmann 2001). of Welsh et al. (2003). As necessary, he made cor- The annotations to these lists and label data from rections and annotations to each specimen and to the PISP herbarium review were then incorpo- the voucher records in PISP’s Automated Nation- rated into the NPSpecies database for the monu- al Cataloging System (ANCS+) and NPSpecies ment. database. Based on Alexander’s herbarium work, we developed a revised checklist of species that Work in 2007 focused on confirmation of report- were present in the monument (confirmed by an ed and potential species for the monument flora authenticated voucher) and those that were re- through field surveys and review of collections ported in the literature but not corroborated with from state and regional herbaria. We made one a voucher (equivalent to “probably present” in collecting trip to PISP, in October 2007, to target NPSpecies terminology). Species that were now missing species, emphasizing under-sampled wet- known to be misidentified or highly questionable land, weedy, and late-flowering taxa. Herbarium were moved to a third list of rejected taxa. Finally, studies were undertaken at Brigham Young Uni- we developed a list of potential species (“uncon- versity, Utah State University, and the University firmed” in NPspecies) known from the vicinity of of Wyoming in March, June, and October 2006, Pipe Spring National Monument using an unpub- and February and March 2007. We also docu- lished list generated by Dr. N. Duane Atwood of mented monument specimens from the digital Brigham Young University. herbarium database of Arizona State University (http://seinet.asu.edu/seinet/collections/selec- Each list was annotated with supplemental infor- tion.jsp?cat=plantae) and its links to comparable mation on life form, geographic range (within the databases for the Desert Botanical Garden, Uni- context of Arizona), population size in the monu- versity of Arizona, and Northern Arizona Univer- ment (derived from Jason Alexander’s NPSpecies sity. Finally, we conducted an internet search of dataset for PISP and field observations), flower- the virtual herbarium database of the New York ing period, distribution across general vegetation Botanical Garden (http://sciweb.nybg.org/sci- types, nativity, data source (collector and collec- ence2/hcol/intf/index.asp) and examined plot tion number from a sample specimen or literature data from the NCPN vegetation mapping crew citation), year of earliest collection (from herbar- (NCPN, in ed.).
Chapter 2: Methods 7 8 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument mens found through a database search of the 3 Results Arizona State University digital database. Field surveys in 2007 netted another 26 new species 3.1 Summary of the flora of Pipe (including 16 that were previously reported with- out a voucher). Overall, the documented flora of Spring National Monument Pipe Spring National Monument has increased In 2004, Jason Alexander completed a thorough by 53 species (24.7%), bringing the total number review of the 227 vascular plant vouchers in the of vouchered taxa to 215 (Table 3.1, Appendices PISP herbarium (only 112 of which were col- A, D). lected prior to 2001). He found that 8 specimens were misidentified (3.5%), 3 needed to be revised Currently, 62 additional taxa have been reported to a more current name (1.3%), 27 needed vari- for PISP but have yet to be corroborated with a ety or subspecies names added (11.9%), and 189 voucher specimen (Table 3.1, Appendix A). Of were correctly determined (83.3%). Based solely these, 7 were reported by Heaton (1935), 18 by on these collections, the confirmed flora of Pipe King (1977), 5 by Kurth (1998), and 32 by Alexan- Spring National Monument stood at 162 taxa. der (1998b). Taken together, the number of con- From 2005 to 2007, we located an additional 27 firmed and reported vascular plant taxa in Pipe taxa from collections at the University of Wyo- Spring National Monument stands at 277 taxa ming’s Rocky Mountain Herbarium and speci- (Table 3.1, Appendix A).
Table 3.1. Statistical summary of the flora of Pipe Spring National Monument. Number Number Category confirmed additionally Total in park reported for park Taxonomic diversity Total taxa 215 62 277 (including varieties and subspecies) Full species 203 59 262 (excluding varieties and subspecies) Families 54 2 56 Life form diversity Tree taxa 8 2 10 Shrub taxa 34 6 40 Perennial forb taxa 72 26 98 Annual forb taxa 72 9 81 Perennial graminoid taxa 21 15 36 Annual graminoid taxa 8 4 12 Fern taxa 0 0 0 Biogeographic diversity Introduced taxa 35 23 58 Native taxa Locally endemic taxa 4 0 4 Regionally endemic taxa 14 7 21 Disjunct taxa 0 0 0 Peripheral taxa 4 1 5 Sparse taxa 1 0 1 Widespread taxa 157 31 188 Total native taxa 180 39 219 The number of taxa and families is based on taxonomic concepts of Welsh et al. (2003). See Appendices, “Codes and Definitions”, for an explanation of the various categories.
Chapter 3: Results 9 Entering the 2007 field season, 41 taxa were rec- an area of less than 1° of latitude × 2° of longi- ognized as potentially occurring in PISP based tude; see Appendix A for complete definitions on the proximity of the monument to known of biogeographic categories). Regional endemics populations (Alexander NPSpecies database). (largely restricted to the Colorado Plateau) com- Including five additional species identified by prise an additional 9.6% of the monument flora Duane Atwood, the current number of potential (Table 3.1). Species at the edge of their range (pe- species for Pipe Spring National Monument is 46 ripheral) or found sparsely across the state make (Appendix B). up just 2.8% of the total flora.
Based on his evaluation of the PISP herbarium, Jason Alexander found 8 taxa that were falsely re- 3.3 Plants of special concern ported due to misidentification. We consider an Pipe Spring National Monument has no plants additional seven species cited (but not vouchered) listed as threatened or endangered under the U.S. by Heaton (1935) and King (1977) to be question- Endangered Species Act (ESA). Siler’s pincush- able based on the absence of suitable habitat or ion cactus (Pediocactus sileri), listed as threatened the distance of Pipe Spring National Monument under the ESA, is known from adjacent areas of to the known or expected range of each species the Kaibab Pauite Indian Reservation (Siler’s type (Appendix C). specimen comes from “Pipe Spring”), but is not thought to occur within the monument itself due The confirmed and reported flora of Pipe Spring to a lack of suitable gypsiferous Moenkopi soils National Monument represents 6.5% of the 4,241 (ARPC, no date). The federally threatened Jones’ native and naturalized taxa documented for the cycladenia (Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii) is also state of Arizona by Kartesz (2003) and 34.8% of known from Chinle soils west of Pipe Spring, but the state’s 161 plant families (Table 3.1). Within is unlikely to be found in the monument. Mohave County, the monument flora captures 17.4% of the 1,588 taxa reported by Kartesz The Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGF)’s (2003). At the ecoregional scale, Pipe Spring Na- Heritage Data Management System (2008) tracks tional Monument contains 11.0% of the 2,517 three cactus species from PISP as species of con- species of seed plants and pteridophytes reported cern (Table 3.3). All are listed as Salvage Restrict- for northern Arizona by McDougall (1973) and ed (collection prohibited except with a permit) the Flora of North America Editorial Committee under the 1993 Arizona Native Plant Law (ARPC, (1993). no date). Atwood’s wild-buckwheat (Eriogonum thompsoniae var. atwoodii) and Morton wild- 3.2 Life form and biogeographic buckwheat (E. mortonianum) are also tracked as species of concern by AGF and known from the diversity Kaibab Paiute Indian Reservation, but have not Although ecologically dominant, tree and shrub been documented in Pipe Spring National Monu- species make up only 18% of the confirmed and ment. reported plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Mon- ument (Table 3.1). Perennial forbs are the most Two recently described species with narrow geo- species-rich life form in the monument’s flora, graphic ranges currently lack any protective status with 98 known and reported taxa (35.4% of the but might warrant management attention. Stella’s total flora). Annual forbs and grass-like plants are pepperwort (Lepidium montanum var. stellae) is unusually species-rich in the monument (relative restricted to southern Utah and northern Arizona to other floras in the Colorado Plateau), compris- (Welsh et al. 2003), where it typically occurs on ing 33.5% of all taxa. Like trees and shrubs, pe- gypsum-rich, Moenkopi-derived soils. Leon- rennial graminoids are ecologically important but ard Heaton collected this species at or near Pipe relatively species-poor, representing just 13% of Spring in 1941 (suitable habitat is more likely just the total flora. No ferns or fern-allies have been outside the monument), but it remained uniden- found in PISP (Table 3.1). tified until annotated by Jason Alexander in 2004. Pinkava’s pricklypear (Opuntia pinkavae) is also Of the monument’s 219 native taxa, 188 (85.8%) restricted to the Utah–Arizona border and was are widespread across Arizona and western first recorded at Pipe Spring in 1940 by Robert North America. Only four species (1.8% of the Peebles. The holotype of O. pinkavae comes from monument’s native flora) have extremely limited Bulrush Canyon, south of Pipe Spring (Parfitt global distributions (local endemics found within 1997).
10 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Table 3.3. Plant species of conservation concern from Pipe Spring National Monument. TNC global Family Species Common name Federal legal status AZ status2 rank1 Cactaceae Opuntia erinacea var. aurea (O. Pipe Spring G3 None Salvage basilaris var. aurea) pricklypear Restricted, S3 Cactaceae Opuntia whipplei var. whipplei Whipple’s cholla G4?T4? None Salvage Restricted, S1 Cactaceae Sclerocactus whipplei var. roseus small-flower G4T3? None Salvage (S. parviflorusssp. intermedius) fishhook cactus Restricted, S2 This list is derived from Arizona Game and Fish Department Heritage Data Management System (2008) and Arizona Rare Plant Committee (no date). 1TNC global rank assesses abundance and conservation priority on a scale of 1–5 (1 being extremely vulnerable and 5 being secure) for full species (G) and varieties or subspecies (T) across their entire range. A “?” indicates uncertainty in the rank. A comparable scoring system is used to measure state abundance (S) in Arizona under the column “AZ status”. 2AZ status includes protection afforded under the 1993 Arizona Native Plant Law.
3.4 Noxious weeds Kurth (1998) cited 34 non-native species of man- agement concern, based on a 1997 survey of the Introduced plant species (not historically native monument by Karen Mason and Bill LaBarre to Arizona or North America) make up 20.9% of of Zion National Park. These consisted primar- the confirmed and reported flora of Pipe Spring ily of introduced ornamental trees that have be- National Monument (Table 3.1). This figure is come weedy or exotic forbs and grasses that are substantially higher than the statewide average common agricultural or rangeland pests. Using a of 12.7% non-native species (Kartesz 2003). Of matrix of significance of impact and feasibility of the 58 introduced plant species confirmed or re- control, Kurth classified these species into four ported for PISP (Table 3.1), only four are listed as groups: low threat/easy to control, low threat/ noxious by the State of Arizona (ADAPSD 2005). hard to control, serious threat/easy to control, Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium) is on the and serious threat/hard to control. Four species state’s prohibited and restricted noxious weed were recommended for immediate control: tree- lists, while field bindweed Convolvulus ( arven- of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima), white poplar sis), common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), and (Populus alba), tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis), and puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris) are listed as Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila). prohibited and regulated noxious weeds.
Chapter 3: Results 11 12 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument historic records (pre-dating 1970) that should 4 Discussion be a priority for re-location to confirm that they are still extant. Further examination of monu- Beginning with Leonard Heaton’s first species list ment collections from other herbaria in Arizona in 1935, the known flora of Pipe Spring National or major national collections (such as Harvard Monument has grown from 42 species to 277 University’s Gray Herbarium, the New York Bo- taxa (Tables 1.3.4 and 3.1, Figure 1.3.4, Appendix tanical Garden, and the Smithsonian Institution’s A). Based on available habitats and proximity, at U.S. National Herbarium) may result in the confi- least another 46 plant taxa may occur within the mation of additional records of historical species monument (Appendix B). Should all of these po- for the monument. Additional field studies would tential species be found, the documented flora of also be useful to better refine the abundance PISP would increase by nearly 14%. Many of the and distribution of species of high management “missing” potential or reported taxa consist of interest (especially rare plants and invasive non- cryptic species that flower late in the growing sea- natives). Surveys following wet winters would son, or occur in undersampled wetland or weedy likely lead to the discovery of new annual native habitats. Confirmation of reported species should and exotic species. Lastly, better documentation remain a high priority, as some of these taxa may of plant species previously or currently grown in ultimately prove to be erroneous. Pipe Spring also the monument’s orchard and pioneer garden is has a high percentage of plants known only from needed.
Chapter 4: Discussion 13 14 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument 5 Literature Cited Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior. Cronquist, A. 1994. Volume 5, Asterales. In Alexander, J. 1998a. Pipe Spring National Monu- Cronquist, A., A. H. Holmgren, N. H. ment presettlement vegetation literature Holmgren, J. L. Reveal, and P. K. Holmgren, survey. Pipe Spring National Monument, Az. eds., Intermountain flora: Vascular plants of 43 pp. the Intermountain West, U.S.A. Bronx, N.Y.: New York Botanical Garden. 496 pp. —— . 1998b. Pipe Spring National Monument master vegetation species list. Report pre- Cronquist, A., A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren, pared for the National Park Service, Pipe and J. L. Reveal, eds. 1972. Volume 1, Geo- Spring National Monument. logical and botanical history of the region, its plant geography and a glossary: The —— . 2004. A summary of floristics at Pipe Spring vascular cryptogams and the gymnosperms. National Monument. Pipe Spring National Intermountain flora: Vascular plants of the Monument, Az. 3 pp. Intermountain West, U.S.A. Bronx, N.Y.: Arizona Department of Agriculture, Plant Ser- New York Botanical Garden. 270 pp. vices Division (ADAPSD). 2005. Prohibited, Cronquist, A., A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Hol- regulated and restricted noxious weeds. mgren, J. L. Reveal, and P. K. Holmgren, Arizona Game and Fish Department Heritage eds. 1977. Volume 6, The Monocotyledons. Data Management System. 2008. Special Intermountain flora: Vascular plants of the status species by taxon, scientific name. Intermountain West, U.S.A. Bronx, N.Y.: http://www.azgfd.gov/w_c/edits/hdms _spe- New York Botanical Garden. 584 pp. cies_lists.shtml —— . 1984. Volume 4, Subclass Asteridae (except Arizona Rare Plant Committee (ARPC). No date. Asteraceae). Intermountain flora: Vascular Arizona rare plant field guide: A collabora- plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. tion of agencies and organizations. Bronx, N.Y.: New York Botanical Garden. 573 pp. Barkworth, M. E., K. M. Capels, S. Long, and M. B. Piep, eds. 2003. Magnoliophyta: Com- Cronquist, A., N. H. Holmgren, and P. K. Hol- melinidae (in part): Poaceae, part 2. Flora of mgren, eds. 1997. Volume 3, Part A, Subclass North America north of Mexico, volume 25. Rosidae (except Fabales). Intermountain New York: Oxford University Press. 783 pp. flora: Vascular plants of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. Bronx, N.Y.: New York Botani- Barkworth, M. E., K. M. Capels, S. Long, L. K. cal Garden. 446 pp. Anderton, and M. B. Piep, eds. 2007. Mag- noliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Poa- Dorn, R. D. 2001. Vascular plants of Wyoming. ceae, part 1. Flora of North America north Third edition. Cheyenne, Wy.: Mountain of Mexico, volume 24. New York: Oxford West Publishing. 412 pp. University Press. 911 pp. Evenden, A., M. Miller, M. Beer, E. Nance, S. Barneby, R. C. 1989. Volume 3, Part B. Fabales. Daw, A. Wight, M. Estenson, and L. Cudlip. In Cronquist, A., A. H. Holmgren, N. H. 2002. Northern Colorado Plateau Vital Holmgren, J. L. Reveal, and P. K. Holmgren, Signs Network and Prototype Cluster, plan eds., Intermountain flora: Vascular plants of for natural resources monitoring: Phase I the Intermountain West, U.S.A. Bronx, N.Y.: Report [two volumes]. National Park Ser- New York Botanical Garden. 279 pp. vice, Northern Colorado Plateau Network, Moab, Ut. 138 pp + app. Benson, L. 1982. The cacti of the United States and Canada. Stanford, Ca.: Stanford Univer- Flora of North America Editorial Committee. sity Press. 1044 pp. 1993. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Flora of North America north of Mexico, Billingsley, G. H., S. S. Priest, and T. J. Felger. Volume 2. New York: Oxford University 2004. Geologic map of Pipe Spring National Press. 475 pp. Monument and the western Kaibab-Pai- ute Indian Reservation, Mohave County, —— . 1997. Magnoliophyta: Magnoliidae and Arizona. Pamphlet to accompany Scientific Hamamelidae. Flora of North America Investigations Map 2863. U.S. Geological north of Mexico, Volume 2. New York: Ox-
Chapter 5: Literature Cited 15 ford University Press. 590 pp. King, R. J. 1977. The flora of Pipe Spring Na- tional Monument. Report prepared for the —— . 2000. Magnoliophyta: Alismatidae, Are- National Park Service by the Soil Conserva- cidae, Commelinidae (in part), and Zingi- tion Service, Fredonia, Arizona. beridae. Flora of North America north of Mexico, Volume 2. New York: Oxford Kurth, L. 1998. Pipe Spring National Monu- University Press. 352 pp. ment non-native plants survey report, 1997. Report prepared for Pipe Spring National —— . 2002a. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in Monument by Zion National Park. 3 pp. part): Cyperaceae. Flora of North America north of Mexico, Volume 2. New York: Ox- Leach, N. 1999. Pipe Spring National Monu- ford University Press. 608 pp. ment: An ancient oasis on a storied frontier. Springdale, Ut.: Zion Natural History As- —— . 2002b. Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and sociation. Orchidales. Flora of North America north of Mexico, Volume 2. New York: Oxford Margules, C. R., and R. L. Pressey. 2000. Sys- University Press. 723 pp. tematic conservation planning. Nature 405:243–253. —— . 2003. Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1. Flora of North America north of Mexico, McDougall, W. B. 1973. Seed plants of northern Volume 2. New York: Oxford University Arizona. Flagstaff: Museum of Northern Press. 559 pp. Arizona. 594 pp. —— . 2005. Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part McKoy, K. L. 2000. Cultures at a crossroads: 2. Flora of North America north of Mexico, An administrative history of Pipe Spring Volume 2. New York: Oxford University National Monument. Cultural Resources Press. 656 pp. Selections No. 15, Intermountain Region. Denver, Co.: National Park Service. —— . 2006a. Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1. Flora of North America National Park Service (NPS). 2000. Management north of Mexico, Volume 2. New York: Ox- Policies. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department ford University Press. 579 pp. of Interior, National Park Service. Publica- tion # NPS D1416. 137 pp. —— . 2006b. Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 7: Asteraceae, part 2. Flora of North America Northern Colorado Plateau Network (NCPN). north of Mexico, Volume 2. New York: Ox- in ed. Pipe Spring National Monument veg- ford University Press. 666 pp. etation classification and mapping project. —— . 2006c. Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 8: Noss, R. F., and A. Y. Cooperrider. 1994. Saving Asteraceae, part 3. Flora of North America nature’s legacy: Protecting and restoring north of Mexico, Volume 2. New York: Ox- biodiversity. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. ford University Press. 616 pp. 416 pp. Heaton, L. 1935. Plants from Pipe Spring Na- Parfitt, B. D. 1997.Opuntia pinkavae (Cacta- tional Monument. ceae), a new species from Arizona and Utah. Rhodora 99:223–228. Holmgren, N. H., P. K. Holmgren, and A. Cron- quist. 2005. Volume 2, Part B Subclass Dille- Weber, W. A., and R. C. Wittmann. 2001. Colo- niidae. Intermountain flora: Vascular plants rado flora: Western Slope. Third edition. of the Intermountain West, U.S.A. Bronx, Boulder: University Press of Colorado. 488 N.Y.: New York Botanical Garden. 488 pp. pp. Kartesz, J. T. 2003. Synthesis of the North Ameri- Welsh, S. L., N. D. Atwood, S. Goodrich, and L. can flora, Version 2.0. http://www.bonap. C. Higgins. 2003. A Utah flora. Third edition, org/synth.html. revised. Provo, Ut.: Brigham Young Univer- sity. 912 pp. Kearney, T. H., and R. H. Peebles. 1960. Arizona flora. Second edition. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1085 pp. (with supplement by J. T. Howell, E. McClintock, and collabo- rators).
16 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument 6 Appendices Family (Appendices A, B, C, and D) Family concepts and nomenclature follow A Utah The following appendices contain annotated Flora (Welsh et al. 2003). Alternative family names checklists of the vascular flora of Pipe Spring Na- and treatments from other regional floras (Dorn tional Monument. 2001, Flora of North America Editorial Commit- tee 1993, 2002b, Holmgren et al. 2005, Kearney Appendix A lists all species that have been con- and Peebles 1960, McDougall 1973,Weber and firmed for the flora with an authenticated vouch- Wittman 2001) are listed in parentheses. er specimen (including extant and historical re- cords), or that have been reliably reported for the Species name (Appendices A, B, C, monument in the literature (Heaton 1935, King and D) 1977, Alexander 1998b). Vouchers were exam- ined from the PISP herbarium and collections Nomenclature for scientific names and taxonom- from Brigham Young University (BRY), the Uni- ic concepts are derived from Welsh et al. (2003). versity of Wyoming (RM), and the digital muse- Scientific names are listed in alphabetical rather um databases of the New York Botanical Garden than phylogenetic order. (NY), Northern Arizona University, Arizona State University, University of Arizona, and the Desert Synonyms/Taxonomic notes Botanical Garden. Species entries in Appendix A (Appendices A, B, and C) are organized alphabetically by family and genus. Pertinent synonyms are included for species with Species listed in Appendix B are known from the alternative scientific names in other recent state vicinity of Pipe Spring National Monument, but and regional floras (Barkworth et al. 2003, 2007, have not previously been reported or confirmed Barneby 1989, Cronquist 1994, Cronquist et for the monument; that is, these species may po- al. 1972, 1977, 1984, 1997, Dorn 2001, Flora of tentially occur within PISP, based on the prox- North America Editorial Committee 1993, 1997, imity of the monument to other populations or 2000, 2002a, 2002b, 2003, 2005, 2006a, 2006b, the presence of suitable habitat. Species on this 2006c, Holmgren et al. 2005, Kearney and Peebles list are derived from a checklist of potential spe- 1960, McDougall 1973, and Weber and Wittmann cies for NCPN parks prepared by Dr. N. Duane 2001). No effort has been made to identify- ad Atwood, of Brigham Young University, in 2001, ditional synonyms from monographs and floras and Jason Alexander for the PISP NPSpecies da- preceding the early 1970s. tabase. Some species from Appendix C could be considered as potentially occurring in the monu- Common name (Appendices A, B, C, ment, but are not included here. and D) Appendix C lists species that have been previ- Common names are derived primarily from ously reported for Pipe Spring National Monu- Welsh et al. (2003) and the Intermountain Flora ment from published and unpublished literature (Barneby 1989, Cronquist 1994, Cronquist et al. (Alexander 1998a, Heaton 1935, King 1977) or 1972, 1977, 1984, 1997, Holmgren et al. 2005). from herbarium specimens, but are now consid- ered erroneous because they were based on mis- Life form (Appendices A, B, C, and D) identified specimens (False Reports or FalsRep), questionable literature records, or because the Life form is based on the stature and growth habit monument is well outside the known or expected of typical members of a species at reproductive range of the species (Questionable or Ques?). maturity. Annual Forbs (AnnF) are broad-leaved dicots or monocots with non-woody stems that Appendix D contains the same confirmed, his- complete their life cycle (mature, flower, and die) torical, and reported taxa as in Appendix A, but in one year. Annual Graminoids (AnnG) are lin- organized by life form rather than by family in or- ear-leaved, grass-like monocots that complete der to better meet the needs of NPS interpretive their life cycle (mature, flower, and die) in one specialists. year. Ferns and fern-allies (Fern) are non-flow- ering vascular plants that reproduce by spores. The codes and references for each field in the ap- Perennial Forbs (PerF) are broad-leaved dicots or propriate appendices are summarized below. monocots with non-woody stems (at least above
Appendices 17 ground level) that live for multiple years. Perenni- mens or are considered Questionable (Ques?) al Graminoids (PerG) are linear-leaved, grass-like because park reports are from well outside their monocots that live for multiple years. Shrubs are known or expected range. woody perennials with one to many trunks aris- ing from near the base of the plant and are usually Pop. size (Appendix A) less than 3.5 m tall. Trees are woody perennials with a single stem or trunk and are typically over Population size refers to the abundance and fre- 3.5 m tall. quency with which a species occurs within Pipe Spring National Monument. Abundance data are derived from the PISP NPSpecies database and Range (Appendices A, B, and C) personal observations. Abundant (Abun) taxa Range represents the distribution of a species have large populations, have a broad ecological within Arizona and the state’s contribution to the amplitude (often being dominant in one to sev- plant’s overall global range. Disjunct (Disj) taxa eral vegetation types), or occur extensively across have their Arizona distribution separated from the monument. Common (Com) taxa have large the main, contiguous portion of their range by a local populations but may be restricted to a single gap of more than 800 km (ca. 500 miles). Intro- vegetation type or do not occur across the entire duced (Intro) taxa are those that are not native monument. Uncommon (Unc) taxa have low to to Arizona or North America but have become medium-sized populations, typically have a nar- naturalized (breeding on their own without hu- row ecological amplitude (or at least contribute man assistance). Local Endemics (LocEn) are relatively little to total vegetative cover), or have taxa in which the entire global range is restricted a small range across the monument. Rare taxa to an area of less than 16,500 km2 (ca. 6,370 mi2, usually have low population numbers and are re- or 1° of latitude × 2° of longitude). Peripheral stricted to a single location within the monument. (Periph) taxa have a widespread global distribu- A “?” indicates that population size is unknown. tion but occur at the margin of their contiguous range in Arizona and occupy less than 5% of the Source (Appendix A) state’s area (usually only within a few miles of the state border). Regional Endemics (RegEn) are Sources are the evidence for the assigned park taxa with a global range of 16,500–250,000 km2 status. In the case of Present and Historical taxa, (an area about the size of the state of Wyoming). sources are herbarium records (with collector, Sparse taxa occur widely across Arizona or North collection number, and repository) that were cor- America but their range within Arizona is small roborated during this study. For reported taxa, and patchy, with populations restricted to special- the source is a published or unpublished refer- ized or uncommon habitats. Widespread (Wide) ence citing the species within the monument. taxa have global ranges exceeding 250,000 km2 Specimen repositories include the Pipe Spring and occur over at least 10% of the state. National Monument herbarium (PISP), Brigham Young University (BRY), Utah State University (USU), New York Botanical Garden (NY), the Park status (Appendices A, C, and D) University of Wyoming’s Rocky Mountain Her- Park status identifies whether a species is Pres- barium (RM), Northern Arizona University, Ari- ent (Pres), Historical (Hist), or Reported (Rep) zona State University, University of Arizona, and for Pipe Spring National Monument. Species are Desert Botanical Garden. considered Present if a confirmed voucher or documented observation has been made within Year doc. (Appendix A) monument boundaries since 1970. Historical species have been confirmed with a voucher from Year documented indicates the first year in which the monument but have not been relocated since a species was confirmed or reported to occur in before 1970. Reported species are listed for the Pipe Spring National Monument. This year does monument in the literature (Heaton 1935, King not necessarily correspond with the date of the 1977, Alexander 1998b), but have not been cor- voucher specimen cited under Source. “NA” roborated with a voucher specimen. Species that indicates that the first year is not known (used may potentially occur in PISP are listed in Appen- mostly for “reported” taxa). dix B. Rejected taxa (listed in Appendix C) have either been falsely reported (FalsRep) in the lit- erature based on misidentified herbarium speci-
18 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments (Appendices A, B, C, and Habitat (Appendix D) D) The distribution of species across generalized This column includes additional comments on habitats in Pipe Spring National Monument is in- the status of a particular species in the monu- dicated by an “x” in the columns DesSh through ment, the place of origin for introduced species, Wet and is derived from the vegetation classifica- legal status, and other data. tion used by Alexander (1998b). DesSh = Desert shrub vegetation of flats and foothills below the monument’s Navajo Sandstone mesa dominated Nativity (Appendix D) by greenish rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseo- Nativity indicates whether a species is native to sus var. consimilis), fourwing saltbush (Atriplex Arizona or introduced (Intro) based on McDou- canescens), and sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifo- gall (1973) and Kartesz (2003). lia). PinJun = Pinyon-Juniper woodlands/rim- rock dominated by Utah juniper (Juniperus os- Flower time (Appendix D) teosperma), Two-needle pinyon (Pinus edulis), turbinella live oak (Quercus turbinella), and Utah Flower Time refers to the months in which a spe- serviceberry (Amelanchier utahensis). Wet = cies is most likely to be in flower. NA indicates Wet meadows associated with natural seeps and a species that is a non-flowering fern or gymno- springs. Additional comments are included for sperm. species that are restricted to a particular soil/geo- logic type or are found mostly in disturbed sites.
Appendices 19
”
brevifolia Y. vespertina Y. Amaranthus form Comments According to J. speci- Alexander, men might also be (collected with flowers only) locality is Type divide between Mt. Carmel & Kanab, Kane Co., UT (McKelvey 4347a A). USFWS: 3C King (1977) cited “ sp.” Native to SW USA PISP specimen is the “ 1998 1936 1936 Year Year doc. 1977 1977 2001 2007 1995 1935 1961 1936 Alexander (1998b) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Alexander 1225 (PISP) Source Evenden & Louie PISP 25 (PISP) Alexander 1254 (PISP) Alexander 1232 (PISP) Fertig 23683 (PISP) Phillips 95-101 (NAU) Heaton (1935) Fanning s.n. (Desert Bot Garden) Heaton s.n. (PISP) ? ? Unc Pop. size Unc Unc Unc Unc Unc ? ? ? Hist Pres Rep Park status Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Hist Hist Wide Wide Wide Range Wide LocEn Wide Intro Wide Wide RegEn Sparse PerF PerF PerF Life form Shrub Shrub AnnF AnnF Shrub Shrub PerF PerF
broadleaf milkweed whorled milkweed Common name datil yucca Kanab yucca prostrate pigweed grain amaranth squawbush squawbush Jones’ amsonia tomentose amsonia common dogbane
var.
, &
var. var. var. A. galioides Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic baccata Y. baccata angustissima Y. kanabensis A. graecizans R. trilobata simplicifolia R. trilobata trilobata A. eastwoodiana Includes vars. cannabinum, glaberrimum angustifolium
var. var. stenophylla Asclepias latifolia Asclepias subverticillata Species name baccata Yucca kanabensis Yucca Amaranthus blitoides Amaranthus hypochondriacus Rhus aromatica simplicifolia Rhus aromatica trilobata Amsonia jonesii Amsonia tomentosa var. Apocynum cannabinum Asclepiadaceae Asclepiadaceae Family Agavaceae (Liliaceae) Agavaceae (Liliaceae) Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Apocynaceae Apocynaceae Apocynaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family and scientific name Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and with taxonomic and biogeographic notes.
20 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument
echinoides Comments locality of Type var. is Paria Canyon, Garfield Co., UT (Jones 5297p POM) locality is Type “Southern Utah” (Parry 164 ) PISP specimen has unusually large flowers Year Year doc. 1936 1937 1936 NA 1937 1937 1936 1937 2001 1936 1941 2001 Source Heaton s.n. (PISP) Nelson 9311 (RM) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Heaton 24 (PISP) Heaton 14 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Heaton 13 (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 16 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 14 (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 15 (PISP) Pop. size ? Unc ? ? ? ? ? ? Unc ? Unc Unc Park status Hist Pres Hist Rep Hist Hist Hist Hist Pres Hist Pres Pres Range Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Life form AnnF PerF AnnF PerF PerF AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF
Common name cushion cryptanth basin yellow cryptanth thick-sepaled cryptanth plateau yellow cryptanth plateau cryptanth redroot cryptanth wingnut cryptanth wingnut cryptanth bindweed heliotrope cupseed stickseed Jones’ popcorn- flower slender cryptanth
ssp.
var. echinoides, Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Oreocarya flava Includes vars. fulvocanescens & Oreocarya fulvocanescens Euploca convolvulacea californica L. texana, marginata, L. redowskii cupulata
var. cycloptera pterocarya cupulata Species name Cryptantha circumscissa Cryptantha confertiflora Cryptantha crassisepala elachantha Cryptantha flava Cryptantha fulvocanescens Cryptantha micrantha Cryptantha pterocarya var. Cryptantha pterocarya var. Heliotropium convolvulaceum Lappula occidentalis var. Plagiobothrys jonesii Cryptantha gracilis Family Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont. Boraginaceae
Appendices 21 Type locality is Type NW of Bulrush Canyon S of Pipe Spring, Mohave Co., AZ (Parfit 2874 ASU) Comments locality is Type 1/2 mile N of Pipe Spring, Mohave Co., AZ (McCabe & McCabe s.n. DS) Also cited by Alexander (1998b) 1940 Year Year doc. 1998 1936 1940 1930 1971 1977 1965 Lehto s.n. (ASU) Source Alexander (1998b) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Peebles 14696 (ARIZ) MacLeod 422 (ASU) MacLeod 428 (ASU) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Ganz 177 (ASU) Unc Pop. size ? Unc ? Com Com ? Unc Rep Pres Park status Pres Hist Pres Pres Rep Pres RegEn LocEn Range Wide Wide LocEn Wide Wide Wide PerF PerF Life form PerF PerF PerF PerF PerF PerF
Common name Glen Canyon hedgehog cactus Mohave claretcup Pipe Spring pricklypear Utah pricklypear brittle pricklypear large pricklypear Pinkava’s pricklypear claretcup
O. O.
var. Utah Flora
inermis. Vars. not Vars.
in var. var. var. (2003) (2003) (2003); (2003) (2003) aurea Flora of North Flora of North Flora of North Flora of North Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic E. engelmannii decumbens. recognized in of North America (2003) Includes var. not recognized Vars. in America not recognized Vars. in America O. aurea, basilaris var. not recognized Var. in America considered a few- spined variant of polyacantha O. fragilis brachyartha not recognized Vars. in America O. basilaris woodburyi, considered part of macrorhiza Flora
var.
var. var. var. major Species name Echinocereus engelmannii variegatus Echinocereus triglochidiatus melanacanthus Echinocereus triglochidiatus mojavensis Opuntia erinacea aurea Opuntia erinacea var. utahensis Opuntia fragilis Opuntia phaeacantha var. Opuntia pinkavae Family Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
22 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument is 9 S. Comments Photographed (but not vouchered) by W. Fertig, 2007 of Type intermedius mi SW of Pipe Spring, Mohave Co., AZ (Peebles & Parker 14712 CAS) Native to Eurasia locality is Type near St. George, Co., Washington UT (Goodding 810 NY) Native to Asia Year Year doc. 1977 1998 1935 2001 1966 1998 2001 1935 1936 1935 1935 2001 Source King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Evenden & Louie PISP 26 (PISP) Alexander 1187 (PISP) Alexander 1236 (PISP) Alexander 1212 (PISP) Alexander 1261 (PISP) Alexander 1192 (PISP) Heaton (1935) Peebles 13079 (ARIZ) Fertig 23676 (PISP) Alexander 1226 (PISP) Alexander 1252 (PISP) Pop. size Unc Unc Unc Unc Com Unc Unc ? ? Unc Unc Unc Hist Park status Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Wide Range RegEn Periph Wide Wide Wide Intro Wide Wide Intro Wide Wide Shrub Life form Shrub PerF AnnF AnnF Shrub AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF Shrub AnnF
Common name Whipple’s cholla smallflower fishhook cactus yellow beeplant silver orach fourwing saltbush lambsquarter Fremont’s goosefoot narrowleaf goosefoot shrubby winterfat Russian thistle greasewood Torrey’s seepweed var. var.
Flora S. Includes var. &
var. Vars. not Vars. Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Cylindropuntia whipplei S. parviflorus, S. whipplei intermedius. S. contortus terrae-canyonae A. argentea A. canescens occidentalis C. album C. fremontii Eurotia lanata, lanata Ceratoides subspinosa. recognized in of North America (2003). S. kali, iberica, S. australis pestifer, S. moquinii, nigra, S. fruticosa
var. var. var. var.
subspinosa var. var. roseus album Species name Opuntia whipplei whipplei Sclerocactus whipplei var. Cleome lutea Atriplex argentea argentea Atriplex canescens canescens Chenopodium album var. Chenopodium fremontii fremontii Chenopodium leptophyllum Krascheninnikovia lanata Salsola tragus Sarcobatus vermiculatus Suaeda torreyana torreyana Family Cactaceae Cactaceae Capparaceae (Cleomaceae) Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae (Sarcobataceae) Chenopodiaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 23 Comments Observed in field by J. Coles and Fertig, 2007 W. Observed in field by J. Coles, 2007 Year Year doc. 1935 1977 1977 1998 1977 1977 1977 2007 2001 1937 Source Alexander 1185 (PISP) Alexander 1186 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Alexander (1998b) King (1977) Alexander 1257 (PISP) Fertig 23681 (PISP) Fertig 23674 (PISP) Alexander 1240 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP- 10 (PISP) Pop. size Unc Unc Unc ? ? Unc Unc Unc Rare Unc Rep Park status Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Wide Range Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide PerF Life form AnnF AnnF Shrub PerF Shrub PerF Shrub PerF AnnF
Common name bur ragweed common ragweed Bigelow’s sagebrush sand wormwood tarragon sand sagebrush Louisiana wormwood basin big sagebrush Siskiyou aster Gray’s chaenactis
var. Var. . var. ssp.
var. ssp
ssp. (2006) Flora of North pacifica, A. glaucus, A. hesperius, Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Franseria acanthicarpa A. artemisiifolia elatior A. campestris ssp. pacifica, Oligosporus campestris pacificus, O. pacificus Oligosporus dracunculus ssp. dracunculoides. not recognized in Cronquist (1994) and America Oligosporus filifolius A. ludoviciana albula Seriphidium tridentatum tridentatum A. coerulescens, A. lanceolatus var. Symphyotrichum lanceolatum hesperium C. carphoclinia carphoclinia tridentata glauca scouleriana albula Species name Ambrosia acanthicarpa Ambrosia artemisiifolia Artemisia bigelovii Artemisia campestris var. Artemisia dracunculus ssp. Artemisia filifolia Artemisia ludoviciana var. Artemisia tridentata var. Aster hesperius Chaenactis carphoclinia Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
24 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Year Year doc. 1939 1998 2007 1998 2007 2001 1998 1977 1935 1936 Source Alexander 1207 (PISP) Alexander 1219 (PISP) Fertig 23665 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Fertig 23678 (PISP) Alexander 1193 (PISP) Alexander 1247 (PISP) King (1977) Heaton (1935) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Pop. size Unc Com Unc ? Unc Unc Com ? ? Unc Pres Park status Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Rep Rep Pres Wide Range Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Wide Wide Wide Wide Shrub Life form PerF Shrub Shrub Shrub Shrub Shrub Shrub AnnF PerF
Common name rose-heath greenish rabbitbrush graystem rabbitbrush glabrate rabbitbrush rush rabbitbrush puberulent rabbitbrush slenderleaf rabbitbrush green rabbitbrush Canadian horseweed spreading daisy
Flora ssp. var. var.
by some var. (2006) consimilis, hololeucus, hololeuca graveolens, juncea Flora of North Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Leucelene ericoides, Aster arenosus Ericameria nauseosa var. E. nauseosa oreophila, C. nauseosus oreophilus C. nauseosus var. Ericameria nauseosa var. Ericameria nauseosa var. E. nauseosa glabrata Ericameria nauseosa var. Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus puberulus Included in var. viscidiflorus not authors. Var. recognized in of North America (2006). Erigeron canadensis, not recognized Vars. in America E. divergens
var.
junceus
var. var. var. var. var. var. var. var. divergens Species name Chaetopappa ericoides Chrysothamnus nauseosus consimilis Chrysothamnus nauseosus gnaphalodes Chrysothamnus nauseosus graveolens Chrysothamnus nauseosus Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus puberulus Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus stenophyllus Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus viscidiflorus Conyza canadensis glabrata Erigeron divergens var. Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 25 Comments Native to Europe Year Year doc. 1998 1998 2001 1998 1935 2001 1935 1998 1998 1935 2001 Source Alexander (1998b) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1208 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1198 (PISP) Alexander 1258 (PISP) Alexander 1197 (PISP) Alexander 1202 (PISP) Alexander 1217 (PISP) Fertig 23690 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 8 (PISP) Pop. size ? ? Unc ? Unc Com Unc Unc Unc Unc Unc Park status Rep Rep Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Range Periph RegEn Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Intro Wide Life form PerF AnnF PerF PerF Shrub Shrub AnnF PerF PerF AnnF AnnF
Common name Arizona blanketflower Hopi blanketflower curlycup gumweed thread snakeweed broom snakeweed common hyalineherb prickly lettuce tidytips Navajo fleabane common sunflower povertyweed
Flora Flora
var.
var. var. Includes var. ssp. not var. Vars. not Vars. (2006) G. lucida subglaber pauciflorus, Flora of North Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic E. concinnus concinnus. not recognized Vars. in America Includes H. aridus; recognized in of North America (2006) H. lugens, filifolius lugens, H. filifolius var. H. filifolius megacephalus, H. filifolius tomentosus I. axillaris axillaris. recognized in of North America (2006). var. var.
var. cinereus var. lenticularis serrulata Species name Erigeron pumilus concinnus Gaillardia arizonica Gaillardia pinnatifida Grindelia squarrosa var. Gutierrezia microcephala Gutierrezia sarothrae Helianthus annuus ssp. Hymenopappus filifolius Iva axillaris Lactuca serriola Layia glandulosa Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
26 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments AZ state prohibited and restricted noxious weed. Native to Eurasia locality is Type “Southern Utah” (Thompson s.n. GH) Identification needed Native to Europe Native to Europe Year Year doc. 1936 1998 2001 1937 1998 1936 1935 1998 1997 1998 2001 1998 Source Evenden & Louie PISP 31 (PISP) Alexander 1215 (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 27 (PISP) Heaton 3 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Whitehead s.n. (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Evenden & Louie PISP 35 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1199 (PISP) Fertig 23668 (PISP) Pop. size Unc Unc Unc ? ? ? Unc ? Unc ? Unc Unc Pres Park status Pres Pres Pres Hist Rep Hist Rep Pres Rep Pres Pres Wide Range Wide Wide Wide Wide Intro RegEn Wide Intro Intro Wide Wide PerF Life form PerF AnnF AnnF AnnF PerF PerF PerF AnnF AnnF AnnF PerF
Common name hoary aster tansyleaf aster filiform desert- dandelion sowthistle desert- dandelion Scotch thistle greenstem paperflower Douglas’ groundsel goldenrod spinyleaf sowthistle common sowthistle white-plume wire lettuce brown-plume wire lettuce
var. var. exigua
var. ssp. canescens douglasii Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Aster canescens, Dieteria canescens var. Aster tanacetifolius M. californica glabrata O. acanthium acanthium S. longilobus, S. flaccidus flaccidus, S. flaccidus var. S. exigua
var.
var. sp. Species name Machaeranthera canescens canescens Machaeranthera tanacetifolia Malacothrix glabrata Malacothrix sonchoides Onopordum acanthium Psilostrophe sparsiflora Senecio douglasii longilobus Solidago Sonchus asper Sonchus oleraceus Stephanomeria exigua Stephanomeria pauciflora Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 27 Comments locality is Type “Southern Utah” (Parry 109 GH) Native to Europe AZ state prohibited and regulated noxious weed. Native to Eurasia Native to Europe Native to Europe Year Year doc. 1937 2001 1997 1935 1935 1946 1998 1937 1935 1939 1941 1971 1936 Source Alexander 1204 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 19 (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 28 (PISP) Alexander 1188 (PISP) Heaton (1935) & King (1977) Parker 6238 (ARIZ) Alexander (1998b) Heaton 17 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Heaton 1941-1 (PISP) Heaton 1941-2 (PISP) Nelson 9304 (RM) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Pop. size Unc Unc Unc Unc ? ? ? ? ? ? Unc Unc Unc Park status Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Hist Rep Hist Hist Hist Pres Pres Pres Range Wide Wide Intro Wide Wide Intro Wide Intro Wide Periph Wide Intro Wide Life form PerF PerF PerF AnnF AnnF PerF PerF AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF
Common name scapose greenthread hoary townsendia yellow salsify golden crownbeard rough cocklebur field bindweed perennial rockcress shepherd’s- purse western tansymustard western tansymustard western tansymustard flixweed spectaclepod
major
D. ssp. by some var. (2006) (2006). var. var. Flora of North Flora of North Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic not recognized Vars. in America dubius T. Ximenesia encelioides X. pensylvanicum, X. saccharatum. not recognized Vars. in America Boechera perennans Included in pinnata osmiarum authors D. pinnata halictorum Dimorphocarpa wislizeni
var.
var. exauriculata canadense glabra intermedia osmiarum Species name Thelesperma subnudum subnudum incana Townsendia dubius Tragopogon encelioides Verbesina var. Xanthium strumarium var. Convolvulus arvensis Arabis perennans perennans bursa-pastoris Capsella Descurainia pinnata var. Descurainia pinnata var. Descurainia pinnata var. Descurainia sophia Dithyrea wislizeni Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Convolvulaceae Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
28 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Native to Europe locality Type is St. George, Co., Washington UT (Jones 1636 NY) locality is SE Type of Cannonville, Kane Co., UT (Reveal & Reveal 4454 BRY) Native to Europe Native to Europe Native to Europe Year Year doc. 1939 1936 1937 1941 1966 1997 1941 1939 1937 1935 1935 1998 1998 1938 Source Heaton s.n. (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Heaton 1941- 17 (PISP) Lehto 7172 (ARIZ) Fertig 23692 (PISP) Heaton 1941- 11 (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 3 (PISP) Heaton 18 (PISP) Alexander 1218 (PISP) Alexander 1246 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1244 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Pop. size ? ? Com ? ? Unc Unc Unc ? Unc Unc ? Rare Rare Park status Hist Hist Pres Hist Hist Pres Pres Pres Hist Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Range Intro Periph Wide LocEn Intro Intro Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Life form AnnF AnnF PerF PerF AnnF PerF AnnF PerF AnnF PerF Shrub Tree PerG PerG
Common name spreading wallflower prairie pepperwort Jones’ pepperwort Stella’s pepperwort clasping pepperwort watercress tumble mustard prince’s-plume long-beak fiddle mustard gourd buffalo Utah juniper Rocky Mountain juniper Nebraska sedge blackcreeper sedge
var.
var. Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Includes var. macrocarpum L. montanum cinereum Rorippa nasturtium- aquaticum S. pinnata pinnata Sabina osteosperma Sabina scopulorum C. nebraskensis ramosum jonesii stellae Species name Erysimum repandum Lepidium densiflorum var. Lepidium montanum var. Lepidium montanum var. Lepidium perfoliatum Nasturtium officinale Sisymbrium altissimum Stanleya pinnata Streptanthella longirostris Cucurbita foetidissima Juniperus osteosperma Juniperus scopulorum Carex nebrascensis Carex praegracilis Family Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cucurbitaceae Cupressaceae Cupressaceae Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 29 Comments Identification needed locality is Type upper valley of the Virgin, Kane Co., UT (Siler s.n. ISC) Observed vegetatively by Fertig, 2007 Native to eastern North America Year Year doc. 1998 1998 1998 1977 2007 1977 1965 1998 1939 1936 2007 1935 Source Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1242 (PISP) Alexander 1243 (PISP) Fertig 23667 (PISP) Fertig 23669 (PISP) Alexander 1201 (PISP) Ganz s.n. (ARIZ) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1203 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Fertig 23691 (PISP) Alexander 1249 (PISP) Pop. size ? Rare Rare Unc Rare Unc Unc ? Unc Com Unc Unc Park status Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Range Intro Wide Wide RegEn Wide Wide RegEn Wide Wide Wide Intro Wide Life form AnnF PerG PerG Shrub Shrub Shrub Shrub PerF PerF AnnF AnnF Shrub
Common name flat-sedge Parish’s spikerush three-square bulrush roundleaf buffaloberry Torrey’s ephedra green ephedra Cutler’s ephedra rattlesnake- weed spurge Fendler’s ridge-seeded spurge prostrate spurge turbinella live- oak
var. var. longispicatus, polyphyllus, Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Scripus pungens var. Scirpus americanus var. Schoenoplectus pungens longispicatus, Schoenoplectus pungens polyphyllus E. viridis E. cutleri Euphorbia albomarginata Euphorbia fendleri Euphorbia glyptosperma Euphorbia prostrata, E. chamaesyce
var. var. var. sp. Species name Cyperus Eleocharis parishii Scirpus pungens longispicatus Shepherdia rotundifolia Ephedra torreyana Ephedra viridis viridis Ephedra viridis viscida Chamaesyce albomarginata Chamaesyce fendleri Chamaesyce glyptosperma Chamaesyce prostrata Quercus turbinella Family Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Elaeagnaceae Ephedraceae Ephedraceae Ephedraceae Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Fagaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
30 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments locality is Type near St. George, Co., Washington UT (Palmer s.n. US) locality is Type Buckskin Mtns, Kaibab Plateau “on the southern edge of Utah”, Kane Co., UT (Jones s.n. POM) Native to Europe Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia and Africa Year Year doc. 1936 1936 1998 1997 1977 1998 1941 1935 Source Heaton s.n. (PISP) Peebles 13080 (ARIZ) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1213 (PISP) King (1977) Alexander 1241 (PISP) Alexander 1210 (PISP) Fertig 23671 (PISP) Pop. size ? ? ? Com ? Unc Com Unc Park status Hist Hist Rep Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Range Wide Wide RegEn Intro Intro Intro Wide Wide Life form PerF PerF PerF AnnF PerG PerG PerG AnnG
Common name golden corydalis white-margined swertia Utah swertia stork’s-bill redtop purple three- awn sixweeks grama crested wheatgrass
ssp. &
ssp.
Includes var. var. ssp. barbata Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic C. curvisiliqua occidentalis Frasera albomarginata Frasera paniculata A. cristatum cristatum, A. cristatum pectinatum, A. pectinatum, A. sibiricum, A. fragile, A. mongolicum, desertorum A. alba, gigantea A. glauca, purpurea fendleriana, A. fendleriana, A. purpurea longiseta Chondrosum barbatum. vars. rothrockii
var. Species name Corydalis aurea occidentalis Swertia albomarginata Swertia utahensis Erodium cicutarium Agropyron cristatum Agrostis stolonifera Aristida purpurea Bouteloua barbata Family Fumariaceae Gentianaceae Gentianaceae Geraniaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 31 Comments Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Year Year doc. 1977 1977 1936 1977 1977 1998 1938 1997 1977 1998 1997 1977 Source King (1977) Alexander 1250 (PISP) Purchase 272 (ARIZ) Louie & Evenden PISP 22 (PISP) King (1977) Louie & Evenden PISP 34 (PISP) Heaton 1941- 14 (PISP) Kurth (1998) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Alexander (1998b) Kurth (1998) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Pop. size ? Unc Unc Unc ? Com Com ? ? ? ? ? Park status Rep Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Range Wide Wide Wide Intro Intro Intro Intro Wide Wide Intro Intro Wide Life form PerG PerG PerG AnnG PerG AnnG AnnG AnnG PerG AnnG PerG PerG
Common name sideoats grama black grama blue grama ripgut brome smooth brome red brome cheatgrass field sandbur barnyard-grass tall wheatgrass squirreltail desert saltgrass
stricta, & var. var.
var. var. var. E. Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Includes vars. curtipendula caespitosa Chondrosum eriopodum Chondrosum gracile B. rigidus, Anisantha diandra Bromopsis inermis, Bromus inermis Anisantha tectorum C. pauciflorus D. spicata D. stricta Includes microstachya, E. muricata microstachya E. elongatus ponticus, Agropyron elongatum, Thinopyrum ponticum Sitanion hystrix, E. elymoides elymoides
var. Species name Bouteloua curtipendula Bouteloua eriopoda Bouteloua gracilis Bromus diandrus Bromus inermis inermis Bromus rubens Bromus tectorum Cenchrus longispinus Distichlis spicata Echinochloa crus-galli Elymus elongatus Elymus elymoides Family Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
32 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to western North America Native to Europe Year Year doc. 1977 1977 1938 1977 1998 1977 1935 1977 1936 1977 Source King (1977) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Heaton s.n. (PISP) King (1977) Alexander (1998b) Fertig 23682 (PISP) Heaton (1935) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1209 (PISP) King (1977) Pop. size ? ? ? ? ? Unc ? ? Unc ? Park status Rep Rep Hist Rep Rep Pres Rep Rep Pres Rep Range Intro Wide Wide Intro Intro Wide Wide Intro Wide Wide Life form PerG PerG PerG AnnG AnnG AnnG PerG PerG PerG PerG
Common name intermediate wheatgrass western wheatgrass slender wheatgrass stinkgrass Mexican lovegrass tufted lovegrass fluffgrass tall fescue galleta foxtail barley
smithii
var. latiglumis, trachycaulus, palmeri Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Agropyron intermedium, Elytrigia intermedia, E. hispidus hispidus, Thinopyrum intermedium Agropyron smithii, Pascopyrum smithii; includes vars. & E. trachycaulus var. E. alaskanus ssp. Agropyron caninum, A. subsecundum, A. trachycaulum, latiglume E. orcuttiana E. diffusa Dasyochloa pulchella, pulchellus Tridens Schedonorus phoenix, S. arundinaceus, Lolium arundinaceum Pleuraphis jamesii Critesion jubatum Species name Elymus hispidus Elymus smithii Elymus trachycaulus Eragrostis cilianensis Eragrostis mexicana Eragrostis pectinacea Erioneuron pulchellum Festuca arundinacea Hilaria jamesii Hordeum jubatum Family Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 33 Comments Native to Europe Native to Eurasia and Africa Native to Eurasia and Africa Observed vegetatively by Fertig, 2007 Year Year doc. 1938 1977 1977 2007 1998 1977 1998 1998 1977 1936 1936 1977 1977 1977 Source Heaton 1941-3 (PISP) Alexander 1223 (PISP) Fertig 23680 (PISP) Fertig 23670 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Fertig 23686 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1221 (PISP) Purchase 271 (ARIZ) Alexander 1220 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 28 (PISP) King (1977) Pop. size Unc Unc Unc Rare ? ? Unc ? ? Unc Unc Unc Unc Unc Park status Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Rep Pres Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Range Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide Intro Intro Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Life form AnnG PerG PerG AnnG PerG PerG AnnG PerG PerG PerG PerG PerG PerG PerG
Common name rabbit barley scratchgrass bush muhly false buffalograss muttongrass Kentucky bluegrass rabbitsfoot- grass water polypogon alkali sacaton spike dropseed sand dropseed mesa dropseed needle-and- thread Indian ricegrass
ssp. ssp.
comata Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic H. leporinum, H. murinum leporinum, Critesion glaucum Monroa squarrosa longiligula, P. P. fendleriana longiligula Poa agassizensis Agrostis semiverticillata, P. viridis S. airoides Hesperostipa comata var. Oryzopsis hymenoides, Achnatherum hymenoides
var. airoides Species name Hordeum murinum Muhlenbergia asperifolia Muhlenbergia porteri Munroa squarrosa Poa fendleriana Poa pratensis Polypogon monspeliensis Polypogon semiverticillatus Sporobolus airoides var. Sporobolus contractus Sporobolus cryptandrus Sporobolus flexuosus Stipa comata comata Stipa hymenoides Family Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
34 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Native to Eurasia Native to Europe Year Year doc. 1977 1937 2001 1937 1937 1998 1998 1938 1998 1935 1998 1937 1934 Source Louie & Evenden PISP 23 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 6 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 12 (PISP) Heaton 7 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Evenden & Louie 33 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Fertig 23693 (PISP) Alexander 1235 (PISP) Alexander 1190 (PISP) Heaton 1 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Pop. size Unc ? Unc Unc ? ? Unc ? Unc Unc Rare Unc ? Park status Pres Hist Pres Pres Hist Rep Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Range Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Wide Wide Wide Wide Intro Intro Wide RegEn Life form PerG AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF PerF PerG PerG PerG PerF PerF Shrub PerF
Common name desert needlegrass corrugate phacelia crenulate phacelia Ives’ phacelia Goodding’s pretty phacelia blue-eyed grass Baltic rush rush Tracy’s rush Torrey’s common horehound spearmint sage Dorr’s Sheldon’s milkvetch
J. balticus, var. ssp. by some var. var. var. brunnescens. includes var. includes var. Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Achnatherum speciosum, Jarava speciosum corrugata P. crenulata P. J. balticus montanus, J. arcticus J. arcticus ater; mexicanus J. saximontanus forma Included in ensifolius montanus authors S. carnosa
var. var. var. var. dorrii ssp. vespertinus Species name Stipa speciosa Phacelia crenulata corrugata Phacelia crenulata crenulata Phacelia ivesiana Phacelia pulchella gooddingii Sisyrinchium demissum Juncus arcticus Juncus ensifolius brunnescens Juncus torreyi Marrubium vulgare Mentha spicata Salvia dorrii Astragalus amphioxys var. Family Gramineae (Poaceae) Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Iridaceae Juncaceae Juncaceae Juncaceae Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 35 Comments Native to Europe Native to Europe Native to Europe locality is Type Kanab, Kane Co., UT (Thompson s.n. GH) Native to eastern North America locality Type is near Kanab, Kane Co., UT (Thompson s.n.) locality Type is near Kanab, Kane Co., UT (Thompson s.n. GH) Year Year doc. 1998 1998 1998 1937 1997 1977 1998 2001 1998 1936 1935 1998 1937 Source Evenden & Louie PISP 21 (PISP) Alexander & Decker 1444 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Heaton 2 (PISP) Kurth (1998) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1251 (PISP) Alexander 1256 (PISP) Peebles 13078 (Univ Arizona) Louie & Evenden PISP 1 (PISP) Fertig 23675 (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 17 (PISP) Pop. size Unc ? ? ? ? ? ? Rare Unc ? Unc Unc Unc Hist Park status Pres Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Pres Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Wide Range Wide Wide Wide Intro Intro Intro RegEn Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide AnnF Life form PerF PerF PerF PerF AnnF PerF PerF Tree PerF PerF AnnF AnnF
Common name painted milkvetch stinking milkvetch licorice Nuttall’s dwarf lupine alfalfa yellow sweetclover Thompson’s peteria black locust pink funnel-lily sinuous mariposa broomflax white-stem blazingstar white sweetclover by
sativa
var. ssp. included ssp. M. officinalis M. officinalis Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic G. lepidota lepidota L. pusillus pusillus M. sativa M. albus, in Brodiaea paysonii Mesynium aristatum M. obscura, Acrolasia albicaulus, A. gracilis some authors
var. ceramicus praelongus Species name Astragalus ceramicus var. Astragalus praelongus var. Glycyrrhiza lepidota Lupinus pusillus pusillus Medicago sativa Melilotus alba Melilotus officinalis Peteria thompsoniae Robinia pseudoacacia Androstephium breviflorum Calochortus flexuosus Linum aristatum Mentzelia albicaulis Family Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Liliaceae (Themidaceae) Liliaceae (Calochortaceae) Linaceae Loasaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
36 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments locality Type is Rockville, Co., Washington UT (Jones 6082c) Native to China Native to Eurasia Observed vegetatively by Fertig, 2007 locality is Type near St. George, Co., Washington UT (Parry 72 GH) Year Year doc. 1966 1998 1997 1997 1935 1936 1937 1935 1998 2001 1936 1936 Source Lehto 7037 (ARIZ) Alexander 1214 (PISP) Kurth (1998) Alexander 1231 (PISP) Alexander 1255 (PISP) Whitehead s.n. (PISP) Heaton 20 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 18 (PISP) Alexander 1200 (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 24 (PISP) Heaton 25 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Pop. size ? Unc ? Com Unc ? Unc Unc Unc Unc ? ? Park status Hist Pres Rep Pres Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Hist Range Wide Wide Intro Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Periph Life form PerF PerF PerF AnnF PerF PerF PerF PerF PerF AnnF AnnF AnnF
Common name Virgin stickleaf desert stickleaf hollyhock common mallow Mohave globemallow small-leaf globemallow fragrant sand- verbena showy four- o’clock rough menodora slender-pod camissonia Parry’s camissonia tiny camissonia
var.
A.
var.
var. var. var. includes integra multiflora, flexuosa Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic M. multiflora integra, M. pumila var. M. pumila multiflora, M. multiflora multiflora, Nuttallia multiflora Alcea rosea A. fragrans elliptica, A. nana harrisii, elliptica M. multiflora var. Quamoclidion multiflorum Oenothera chamaenerioides Oenothera parryi Oenothera contorta var. ambigua Species name Mentzelia integra Mentzelia multiflora Althaea rosea Malva neglecta Sphaeralcea ambigua var. Sphaeralcea parvifolia Abronia fragrans Mirabilis multiflora Menodora scabra Camissonia chamaenerioides Camissonia parryi Camissonia parvula Family Loasaceae Loasaceae Malvaceae Malvaceae Malvaceae Malvaceae Nyctaginaceae Nyctaginaceae Oleaceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 37 Native to Eurasia Mostly native to Europe Comments locality Type is Paria River, Kane Co., UT (Cronquist 10202 MO) 1935 1935 1935 1998 1935 Year Year doc. 1998 1939 1998 1936 1998 2001 1936 NA Whitehead s.n. (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 5 (PISP) Alexander 1248 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Alexander 1189 (PISP) Source Alexander (1998b) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Alexander 1224 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 20 (PISP) Alexander 1205 (PISP) Alexander 1206 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Unc Unc Unc ? Rare Pop. size ? ? Unc ? Unc Unc Unc ? Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Park status Rep Hist Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Rep Wide Wide Intro Intro Wide Range Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Wide Wide RegEn AnnF Tree PerF PerF PerF Life form PerF PerF AnnF AnnF PerF PerF PerF AnnF
pygmy golden- poppy two-needle pinyon English plantain common plantain Common name northern willow-herb scarlet gaura small-flowered gaura white-stem evening primrose Paria evening primrose California evening primrose pale evening primrose early evening primrose Cooper’s broomrape
O. Utah var.
var. from araneosa
includes & (1993) and vars. Includes var. Includes var. pachyphylla Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic E. ciliatum ciliatum, E. watsonii, E. adenocaulon G. mollis Includes var. runcinata Oenothera primiveris O. ludoviciana ludoviciana, O. cooperi; multiflora Flora cooperi
var. navajoensis bufonus Eschscholzia minutiflora Pinus edulis Plantago lanceolata Plantago major Species name Epilobium ciliatum Gaura coccinea Gaura parviflora Oenothera albicaulis Oenothera caespitosa var. Oenothera californica Oenothera pallida pallida Oenothera primiveris var. Orobanche ludoviciana Papaveraceae Pinaceae Plantaginaceae Plantaginaceae Family Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Orobanchaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
38 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument and (2005). Flora of North Comments If recognized, plants from PISP represent vars. inconspicua sinuata locality Type is St. George, Washington Co., UT (Jones 6091 POM). Considered a local endemic restricted to the Shivwits area of Co. Washington in America Year Year doc. 1941 1936 1937 1936 1937 1937 1939 1937 1936 1977 Source Heaton s.n. (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 13 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Alexander 1211 (PISP) Heaton 30 (PISP) Heaton 21 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Heaton 19 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) King (1977), Alexander (1998b) Pop. size ? Unc ? Unc ? ? ? ? ? ? Park status Hist Pres Hist Pres Hist Hist Hist Hist Hist Rep Range Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Life form AnnF AnnF AnnF PerF AnnF AnnF PerF AnnF AnnF Shrub
Common name Mohave eriastrum shy gilia common gilia long-flowered gilia spreading gilia Mohave langloisia cushion milkwort Thurber’s spineflower nodding wild buckwheat golden wild buckwheat
var.
sinuata,
includes & (2005) glutinosum Flora of North Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Includes vars. inconspica G. ophthalmoides, sinuata, Gilia clokeyi Aliciella leptomeria Gilia longiflora Gilia polycladon subspinosa P. subspinosa Chorizanthe thurberi not recognized Vars. in America E. aureum, var.
var. var. cernuum Species name Eriastrum eremicum Gilia inconspicua Gilia leptomeria leptomeria Ipomopsis longiflora Ipomopsis polycladon Langloisia setosissima Polygala subspinosa Centrostegia thurberi Eriogonum cernuum var. Eriogonum corymbosum aureum Family Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polygalaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 39 ” arenastrum Comments Native to Eurasia. PISP specimen is “ phase. Native to Eurasia AZ state prohibited and regulated noxious weed. Native to eastern North America Year Year doc. 2001 1936 1935 1977 2001 1935 1998 1997 1998 1998 1936 Source Alexander 1228 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Evenden & Louie PISP 36 (PISP) Alexander 1227 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP 7 (PISP) Heaton (1935) Alexander 1230 (PISP) Kurth (1998) Fertig 23672 (PISP) Fertig 23663 (PISP) Peebles 13077 (ARIZ) Pop. size Unc ? Unc Unc Unc ? Unc ? Unc Com ? Park status Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Rep Pres Pres Hist Range Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Intro Intro Wide Intro Wide Life form Shrub AnnF PerF PerF AnnF PerF AnnF PerF PerF AnnF PerF
Common name crispleaf wild buckwheat skeletonweed wild buckwheat desert trumpet slender wild buckwheat wild Palmer’s buckwheat water smartweed yard knotweed curly dock canaigre dock common purslane pale larkspur
E. var. var.
var. var. ssp. davidse includes
& emersum, P. emersum, P. E. lancifolium Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Includes vars. velutinum, divaricatum, erectum, and E. deflexum deflexum E. inflatum E. simpsonii, microthecum foliosum; phoeniceum amphibium P. var. coccineum, Persicaria coccinea, Persicaria amphibia arenastrum, P. aviculare P. aviculare D. scaposum
var. var. inflatum scaposum Species name Eriogonum corymbosum corymbosum Eriogonum deflexum Eriogonum inflatum var. Eriogonum microthecum simpsonii Eriogonum palmerianum Polygonum amphibium Polygonum aviculare Rumex crispus hymenosepalus Rumex Portulaca oleracea andersonii Delphinium var. Family Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Portulacaceae Ranunculaceae (Helleboraceae) Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
40 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument R. Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to Europe arizonica Comments locality Type is Toquerville, Co., Washington UT (Jones 1716 GH) Native to central North America Cited by King (1977) as 1997 1998 1998 2007 1973 1998 2007 1998 Year Year doc. 1971 1936 1939 1998 1936 1977 Fertig 23687 (PISP) Alexander 1253 (PISP) Alexander 1260 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Nelson s.n. (RM) Alexander 1259 (PISP) Fertig 23685 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Source Nelson 9308 (RM) Louie & Evenden PISP 38 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Fertig 23689 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Alexander 1239 (PISP) Unc Unc Unc ? Unc Unc Unc ? Pop. size Unc Unc ? Unc Unc Unc Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Park status Pres Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Wide Intro Intro Intro Wide Wide Intro Intro Range Wide Wide Wide Intro Wide Wide Tree Tree Tree Tree Shrub Shrub Shrub Tree Life form Shrub Shrub PerF Shrub Shrub Shrub
Fremont cottonwood Lombardy poplar Carolina poplar balm of Gilead coyote willow golden currant garden currant Common name Utah serviceberry Apache plume comb-leaf cinquefoil American plum cliff-rose rose Woods’ white poplar . P. P. x
exigua
var. P. nigra P. var. var. var. var. x var. R. manca P. fremontii, P. fremontii, P. P. deltoides fremontii Hybrid between deltoides Hybrid between balsamifera P. deltoides S. exigua R. aureum aureum R. rubrum Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic pectinisecta P. stansburiana, P. Cowania mexicana R. arizonica, R. woodsii ultramontana. Includes
var. var. var. var.
var. canadensis jackii x x Populus fremontii fremontii Populus nigra Populus Populus Salix exigua stenophylla Ribes aureum Ribes sativum Species name Amelanchier utahensis Fallugia paradoxa Potentilla gracilis elmeri Prunus americana Purshia mexicana stansburyana Rosa woodsii Populus alba Salicaceae Salicaceae Salicaceae Salicaceae Salicaceae Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) Family Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Salicaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 41 Comments locality Type is Springdale, Co., Washington UT (Jones 5250 in part US) locality is Type 2.5 miles N of Kanab, Kane Co., UT (Maguire, Maguire, & Piranian 12279 UTC) Native to China Year Year doc. 2001 1998 1935 1998 1998 1937 1935 2007 1935 1977 1939 1998 1935 Source Evenden & Louie 29 (PISP) Alexander 1195 (PISP) Alexander 1229 (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Fertig 23666 (PISP) Heaton 11 (PISP) Fertig 23684 (PISP) Fertig 23695 (PISP) Heaton (1935) Fertig 23673 (PISP) Heaton s.n. (PISP) Alexander (1998b) Heaton (1935) Pop. size Unc Unc Unc ? Unc ? Unc Rare Unc Unc ? ? ? Park status Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Rep Rep Range Wide Wide Wide RegEn RegEn Wide Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Life form PerF PerF AnnF PerF PerF PerF Tree PerF AnnF Shrub AnnF PerF PerF
Common name desert paintbrush Wyoming paintbrush smallflower bird’s-beak smooth penstemon Palmer’s penstemon Utah penstemon tree-of-heaven false nightshade trumpet angel’s pale wolfberry desert tobacco thick-leaved ground-cherry Palmer’s ground-cherry
var. &
var.
martinii, C. Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic C. applegatei ssp. angustifolia dubia C. linariaefolia Datura meteloides N. obtusifolia; includes vars. trigonophylla palmeri hederaefolia P. palmeri eglandulosus palmeri Species name Castilleja chromosa Castilleja linariifolia Cordylanthus parviflorus Penstemon laevis Penstemon palmeri var. Penstemon utahensis Ailanthus altissima Chamaesaracha coronopus Datura wrightii pallidum Lycium Nicotiana trigonophylla Physalis crassifolia Physalis hederifolia var. Family Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Simaroubaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
42 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Juniperus Comments Native to South America Native to Eurasia Native to Asia parasitic Typically on osteosperma AZ state prohibited and regulated noxious weed. Native to Eurasia. Year Year doc. NA 1977 1973 1998 1937 1997 1998 2001 1997 Source Alexander (1998b) King (1977), Kurth (1998) Nelson s.n. (RM) Alexander 1245 (PISP) Louie & Evenden PISP-2 (PISP) Alexander 1216 (PISP) Fertig 23677 (PISP) Alexander 1237 (PISP) Alexander 1233 (PISP) Pop. size ? ? Unc Rare Unc Unc Unc Rare Unc Park status Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Range Intro Intro Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Intro Life form AnnF Shrub Tree PerF PerF PerF PerF Shrub AnnF
Common name ground-cherry nightshade five-stamen tamarisk Siberian elm cutleaf water- parsnip purple-nerved spring-parsley prostrate vervain juniper mistletoe creosote bush puncturevine
var.
Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic S. villosum, physalifolium nitidibaccatum pentandra, T. T. ramosissima B. erecta
var. Species name Solanum sarrachoides chinensis Tamarix Ulmus pumila Berula erecta incisa Cymopterus multinervatus bracteata Verbena Phoradendron juniperinum Larrea tridentata terrestris Tribulus Family Solanaceae Tamaricaceae Ulmaceae Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Verbenaceae Viscaceae Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllaceae Appendix A. Confirmed, historical, and reported vascular plant taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, organized by family sc ientific name with taxonomic and biogeographic notes, cont.
Appendices 43 Comments Native to tropical America Native to Central America Native to Eurasia locality is Pipe Spring, Type Mohave Co., AZ (Siler s.n. MO). USFWS: Threatened Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Range Intro Intro Wide Periph Wide Intro Wide LocEn Wide Wide Intro Periph Wide Intro Wide Intro Wide Intro Periph Wide Wide Wide Life form AnnF AnnF PerF PerF AnnF PerF PerF PerF AbbF Shrub AnnF AnnF AnnF AnnF Shrub AnnF Shrub PerF Shrub PerF AnnF AnnF Common name tumble pigweed redroot pigweed showy milkweed dwarf cryptanth recurved cryptanth common hound’s-tongue showy stoneseed pincushion cactus Siler’s Rocky Mountain beeplant shadscale summer-cypress desert goosefoot oakleaf goosefoot halogeton winterfat barbwire Russian thistle goldenhead burdock budsage hoary dusty-maiden dusty-maiden Fremont’s stevia dusty-maiden
& C. var. scoparia, ssp. douglasii
Vars. not recognized Vars. Flora of North America Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Oreocarya humilis Utahia sileri Kochia scoparia B. sieversiana Some authors include pratericola C. salinum Ceratoides lanata, Eurotia lanata. in (2003). A. sphaerocephalus sphaerocephalus Picrothamnus desertorum Includes vars. montana lanata var. salinum Species name Amaranthus albus Amaranthus retroflexus Asclepias speciosa Cryptantha humilis Cryptantha recurvata Cynoglossum officinale Lithospermum incisum Pediocactus sileri Cleome serrulata Atriplex confertifolia Bassia scoparia Chenopodium desiccatum Chenopodium glaucum var. Halogeton glomeratus Krascheninnikovia lanata Salsola paulsenii Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus Arctium minus Artemisia spinescens Chaenactis douglasii Chaenactis fremontii Chaenactis stevioides Appendix B. Potential (unconfirmed) taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument. Family Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae Asclepiadaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Cactaceae Capparaceae (Cleomaceae) Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae)
44 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments locality is near St. Type Co., George, Washington UT (Palmer 6 GH) Native to Eurasia Native to Asia Native to Africa Native to Eurasia locality is Kanab, Type Kane Co., UT (Thompson s.n. GH) locality is near Kanab, Type Kane Co., UT (Thompson s.n. GH). USFWS: 3C Range Wide Wide Intro Intro Wide Intro Wide Wide Wide Intro Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide Wide RegEn Life form AnnF AnnF PerF AnnF AnnF AnnF PerF PerG AnnG AnnG PerF PerF AnnF PerF AnnF AnnF PerF Shrub Common name setose crustweed prairie sunflower common dandelion blue mustard pepperwort poor-man’s African mustard flax-leaved plainsmustard hairy tridens sixweeks fescue wheat woolly milkvetch silvery lupine small-flower sandpuffs hairy-throat evening- primrose woolly plantain evening-snow long-leaf phlox wild Thompson’s buckwheat &
&
includes var. var. var. longifolia gnaphaloides, petiolaris breviscapa
& glauca, hirtella, Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Includes var. Sisymbrium linifolium octoflora; Vulpia vars. octoflora Abronia micrantha, T. pedunculatus patagonica P. purshii; patagonica, P. includes vars. spinulosa, Includes vars. stansburyi E. thompsoniae thompsoniae
var.
var. fallax pubescens thompsoniae Species name Glyptopleura setulosa Helianthus petiolaris ssp. officinale Taraxacum Chorispora tenella Lepidium virginicum var. Malcolmia africana Schoenocrambe linifolia Erioneuron pilosum Festuca octoflora aestivum Triticum Astragalus mollissimus var. Lupinus argenteus argenteus Tripterocalyx micranthus Oenothera coronopifolia Plantago patagonica Linanthus dichotomus Phlox longifolia Eriogonum corymbosum thompsoniae Appendix B. Potential (unconfirmed) taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, cont. Family Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Nyctaginaceae Onagraceae Plantaginaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polygonaceae
Appendices 45 Comments Native to Eurasia Native to Eurasia Range Intro Wide Intro Wide RegEn Wide Life form AnnF PerF AnnF PerF PerF Shrub Common name willow-weed drab buttercup bur buttercup bastard toadflax paintbrush Eastwood’s wolfberry Anderson’s
var.
Includes var. Includes var. Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic Persicaria lapathifolia R. inamoenus inamoenus. alpeophilus. Ceratocephala testiculata, C. orthoceras C. pallida
var. pallida Species name Polygonum lapathifolium Ranunculus inamoenus Ranunculus testiculatus Comandra umbellata var. Castilleja scabrida scabrida andersonii Lycium Appendix B. Potential (unconfirmed) taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument, cont. Family Polygonaceae Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae Santalaceae Scrophulariaceae Solanaceae
46 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument . Y. O. S. Type Type crenulata. Type Type Not known var. var. var. var. Native to Europe. Plagiobothrys jonesii. Cordylanthus parviflorus S. asper. crenulata P. M. albicaulis. M. multiflora. O. cespitosa G. inconspicua. C. multinervatus. occurs in California but is . aurea. . var. Comments Reported by King (1977), but probably based on kanabensis. Report from PISP herbarium based on a misidentified specimen of Co., UT (Parry 171 locality is St. George, Washington GH). Reported by King (1977), but probably based on erinacea Reported by Heaton (1935), but probably based on A. canescens Report from Alexander (1998a) based on a misidentified specimen of Report from PISP herbarium based on a misidentified specimen of AZ state prohibited noxious weed. Reported by Heaton (1935), but probably based on Q. turbinella. dumosa not known from Arizona. Report from PISP herbarium based on a misidentified specimen of Report from PISP herbarium based on a misidentified specimen of Report from Alexander (1998a) based on a misidentified specimen of from Arizona Reported by King (1977), but probably based on ambigua. Report from PISP herbarium based on a misidentified specimen of navajoensis. Report from PISP herbarium based on a misidentified specimen of Co., UT (Jones locality is St. George, Washington 1659 POM). Reported by Heaton (1935), but probably based on C. parviflorus Report from PISP herbarium based on a misidentified specimen of Park status Ques? FalsRep Ques? Ques? FalsRep FalsRep Ques? FalsRep FalsRep FalsRep Ques? FalsRep FalsRep Ques? FalsRep Range RegEn Wide Wide RegEn Periph Intro RegEn Wide Wide RegEn Wide Wide Wide RegEn RegEn Life form Shrub AnnF PerF Shrub AnnF AnnF Shrub AnnF AnnF PerF PerF PerF AnnF AnnF PerF Common name narrowleaved yucca bearded cryptantha beavertail cactus valley saltbush mountain tarweeed spiny-leaf sowthistle coastal sage scrub oak Jones’ phacelia curvepod stickleaf Wyoming stickleaf caliche globe mallow long-tube evening- primrose rock gilia bird’s-beak Nevin’s Colorado Plateau spring-parsley var. var. var. var. var. var. var. var. angustissima Synonyms/ notes Taxonomic angustissima Y. var. O. basilaris basilaris A. cuneata crenulata P. ambigua M. nitens jonesii M. pumila C. purpureus purpureus
var. var. var. cuneata Species name Yucca angustissima Cryptantha barbigera Opuntia basilaris Atriplex gardneri var. Madia glomerata Sonchus arvensis Quercus dumosa Phacelia ambigua Mentzelia nitens Mentzelia pumila pumila Sphaeralcea laxa Oenothera cespitosa marginata Gilia scopulorum Cordylanthus nevinii Cymopterus purpureus Appendix C. Rejected (falsely reported or questionable) taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument. Appendix C. Rejected (falsely reported Family Agavaceae (Liliaceae) Boraginaceae Cactaceae Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Fagaceae Hydrophyllaceae Loasaceae Loasaceae Malvaceae Onagraceae Polemoniaceae Scrophulariaceae Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Appendices 47 Comments Cultivated Cultivated Cultivated Cultivated Cultivated Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x x x Wet x x x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time NA May–Jun NA Mar–Jun Mar–Jun Apr–May Apr–May Apr–May Jun–Jul Mar–Apr Apr–Jun May–Jul May–Jul May–Jul May–Jul May–Sep May–Jul Jul–Oct Aug–Oct May–Aug Aug–Oct Aug–Oct Park status Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Nativity Native Intro Native Intro Native Intro Intro Intro Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Common name Rocky Mountain juniper black locust two-needle pinyon white poplar Fremont cottonwood Lombardy poplar Carolina poplar balm of Gilead tree-of-heaven Siberian elm datil yucca Kanab yucca squawbush squawbush cholla Whipple’s fourwing saltbush shrubby winterfat basin big sagebrush greenish rabbitbrush greasewood sagebrush Bigelow’s sand sagebrush
var. var.
var. var.
trilobata var. var. var. var. var. canadensis jackii x x Species name Juniperus scopulorum Robinia pseudoacacia Pinus edulis Populus alba Populus fremontii fremontii Populus nigra Populus Populus Ailanthus altissima Ulmus pumila baccata Yucca kanabensis Yucca Rhus aromatica simplicifolia Rhus aromatica Opuntia whipplei whipplei Atriplex canescens canescens Krascheninnikovia lanata subspinosa Sarcobatus vermiculatus Artemisia bigelovii Artemisia filifolia Artemisia tridentata tridentata Chrysothamnus nauseosus consimilis Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form and common name with Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and ecological notes. Family Trees Cupressaceae Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Pinaceae Salicaceae Salicaceae Salicaceae Salicaceae Salicaceae Simaroubaceae Ulmaceae Shrubs Agavaceae (Liliaceae) Agavaceae (Liliaceae) Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae Cactaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae (Sarcobataceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae)
48 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Cultivated x x Wet x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Aug–Oct Aug–Oct Aug–Oct Jul–Sep Jul–Sep Jul–Sep Jul–Oct Jul–Oct NA Mar–May NA NA NA May–Jun Aug–Oct Jul–Oct May–Jun May–Jun Apr–Aug May–Jul Apr–Aug Park status Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Nativity Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Native Native Common name graystem rabbitbrush glabrate rabbitbrush rush rabbitbrush puberulent rabbitbrush slenderleaf rabbitbrush green rabbitbrush thread snakeweed broom snakeweed Utah juniper roundleaf buffaloberry ephedra Torrey’s green ephedra ephedra Cutler’s turbinella live-oak sage Dorr’s golden wild buckwheat crispleaf wild buckwheat cliff-rose Utah serviceberry Apache plume American plum rose Woods’ coyote willow
var. var. var. var. var. var.
viridis viscida var. dorrii stenophylla var. var. var. ssp. puberulus stenophyllus viscidiflorus Species name Chrysothamnus nauseosus gnaphalodes Chrysothamnus nauseosus graveolens Chrysothamnus nauseosus junceus Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus var. Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus var. Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus var. Gutierrezia microcephala Gutierrezia sarothrae Juniperus osteosperma Shepherdia rotundifolia Ephedra torreyana Ephedra viridis Ephedra viridis Quercus turbinella Salvia dorrii Eriogonum corymbosum aureum Eriogonum corymbosum corymbosum Amelanchier utahensis Fallugia paradoxa Prunus americana Purshia mexicana stansburyana Rosa woodsii Salix exigua Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Shrubs, cont. Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cupressaceae Elaeagnaceae Ephedraceae Ephedraceae Ephedraceae Fagaceae Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Salicaceae
Appendices 49 Comments Disturbed areas Cultivated Disturbed areas x x Wet x x x x x x x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Mar–Jul May Mar–May Apr–Sep Apr–Jun Apr–Jun Apr–May Jun–Aug Jun–Aug May–Sep Apr–Jun Apr–Jun May–Jun Mar–Jul Apr–Jun Apr–Jun May–Jun May–Jun Apr–May Jun–Jul Apr–Jul May–Jun Park status Pres Rep Pres Rep Pres Hist Hist Rep Hist Pres Pres Rep Hist Rep Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Nativity Native Intro Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Common name golden currant garden currant pale wolfberry five-stamen tamarisk creosote bush Jones’ amsonia tomentose amsonia common dogbane broadleaf milkweed whorled milkweed basin yellow cryptanth plateau yellow cryptanth plateau cryptanth Glen Canyon hedgehog cactus claretcup Mohave claretcup Pipe Spring pricklypear Utah pricklypear small-flower fishhook cactus brittle prickly-pear large pricklypear pricklypear Pinkava’s
var.
var. var. aurea var. var. var. melanacanthus mojavensis Species name Ribes aureum Ribes sativum pallidum Lycium chinensis Tamarix Larrea tridentata Amsonia jonesii Amsonia tomentosa stenophylla Apocynum cannabinum Asclepias latifolia Asclepias subverticillata Cryptantha confertiflora Cryptantha flava Cryptantha fulvocanescens Echinocereus engelmannii variegatus Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. Opuntia erinacea Opuntia erinacea utahensis Opuntia fragilis Opuntia phaeacantha major Opuntia pinkavae Sclerocactus whipplei roseus Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Shrubs, cont. Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) Saxifragaceae (Grossulariaceae) Solanaceae Tamaricaceae Zygophyllaceae Perennial Forbs Apocynaceae Apocynaceae Apocynaceae Asclepiadaceae Asclepiadaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae Cactaceae
50 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x x x x x Wet x x x x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Jul–Sep Jul–Oct Jul–Oct Jul–Sep May–Sep May–Sep May–Aug Apr–Aug Jul–Sep May–Oct May–Sep May–Sep Jun–Sep May–Sep May–Oct Jun–Oct May–Aug Mar–Jul May–Oct Apr–Jul May–Jul Jun–Aug Park status Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Rep Hist Pres Rep Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Hist Nativity Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Common name sand wormwood tarragon Louisiana wormwood Siskiyou aster rose-heath spreading daisy Navajo fleabane Hopi blanketflower curlycup gumweed common hyalineherb povertyweed hoary aster Scotch thistle greenstem paperflower Douglas’ groundsel goldenrod scapose greenthread perennial rockcress brown-plume wire lettuce hoary townsendia yellow salsify field bindweed
var.
var.
ssp. var.
var.
var. var. var. var. var. sp. canescens Species name Artemisia campestris scouleriana Artemisia dracunculus glauca Artemisia ludoviciana albula Aster hesperius Chaetopappa ericoides Erigeron divergens divergens Erigeron pumilus concinnus Gaillardia pinnatifida Grindelia squarrosa serrulata Hymenopappus filifolius cinereus Iva axillaris Machaeranthera canescens var. Onopordum acanthium Psilostrophe sparsiflora Senecio douglasii longilobus Solidago Stephanomeria pauciflora Thelesperma subnudum subnudum incana Townsendia dubius Tragopogon Convolvulus arvensis Arabis perennans perennans Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Perennial Forbs, cont. Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Convolvulaceae Cruciferae (Brassicaceae)
Appendices 51 Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Cultivated x x x x x x x x Wet x x x x x x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Apr–Sep May–Jun May–Sep Apr–Sep May–Aug Apr–Sep May–Sep May–Jul Jun–Jul Apr–Aug May–Oct Jun–Aug Mar–Jun Apr–Jun Apr–Jul May–Jul May–Sep May–Oct Apr–Jun Apr–May Apr–Jun Apr–Oct Apr–Sep Jun–Oct Park status Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Hist Hist Rep Rep Pres Pres Hist Pres Rep Rep Rep Rep Pres Hist Pres Hist Pres Rep Nativity Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Native Intro Common name Jones’ pepperwort pepperwort Stella’s watercress prince’s-plume gourd buffalo rattlesnake-weed spurge Fendler’s golden corydalis white-margined swertia Utah swertia blue-eyed grass common horehound spearmint milkvetch Sheldon’s painted milkvetch stinking milkvetch licorice Nuttall’s alfalfa yellow sweetclover peteria Thompson’s pink funnel-lily sinuous mariposa Virgin stickleaf desert stickleaf hollyhock
var. var. var. var. var.
var. Species name Lepidium montanum jonesii Lepidium montanum stellae Nasturtium officinale Stanleya pinnata Cucurbita foetidissima Chamaesyce albomarginata Chamaesyce fendleri Corydalis aurea occidentalis Swertia albomarginata Swertia utahensis Sisyrinchium demissum Marrubium vulgare Mentha spicata Astragalus amphioxys vespertinus Astragalus ceramicus ceramicus Astragalus praelongus praelongus Glycyrrhiza lepidota Medicago sativa Melilotus officinalis Peteria thompsoniae Androstephium breviflorum Calochortus flexuosus Mentzelia integra Mentzelia multiflora Althaea rosea Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Perennial Forbs, cont. Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cucurbitaceae Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Fumariaceae Gentianaceae Gentianaceae Iridaceae Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Labiatae (Lamiaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Liliaceae (Themidaceae) Liliaceae (Calochortaceae) Loasaceae Loasaceae Malvaceae
52 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x x x x x Wet x x x x x x x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Mar–Sep Mar–Oct Apr–Sep Apr–Jul Apr–Aug Jun–Aug May–Jul Apr–Jun May–Jul May–Jul May–Jul May–Aug May–Aug May–Aug May–Jun Mar–Oct Jun–Oct Jun–Sep May–Sep Apr–Jun Apr–Jun Jun–Aug Apr–Jun Jul–Aug May–Jun May–Aug Park status Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Rep Hist Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Hist Pres Pres Rep Rep Pres Hist Hist Pres Pres Rep Pres Nativity Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Common name Mohave globemallow small-leaf globemallow fragrant sand-verbena showy four-o’clock rough menodora northern willow-herb scarlet gaura Paria evening primrose California evening primrose pale evening primrose broomrape Cooper’s English plantain common plantain long-flowered gilia cushion milkwort desert trumpet slender wild buckwheat water smartweed curly dock canaigre dock pale larkspur comb-leaf cinquefoil desert paintbrush Wyoming paintbrush smooth penstemon penstemon Palmer’s
var.
var. pallida var. var. elmeri var. var. var. var. Species name Sphaeralcea ambigua ambigua Sphaeralcea parvifolia Abronia fragrans Mirabilis multiflora Menodora scabra Epilobium ciliatum Gaura coccinea Oenothera caespitosa navajoensis Oenothera californica Oenothera pallida Orobanche ludoviciana Plantago lanceolata Plantago major Ipomopsis longiflora Polygala subspinosa Eriogonum inflatum inflatum Eriogonum microthecum simpsonii Polygonum amphibium Rumex crispus Rumex hymenosepalus Delphinium andersonii Potentilla gracilis Castilleja chromosa Castilleja linariifolia Penstemon laevis Penstemon palmeri eglandulosus scaposum Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Perennial Forbs, cont. Malvaceae Malvaceae Nyctaginaceae Nyctaginaceae Oleaceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Orobanchaceae Plantaginaceae Plantaginaceae Polemoniaceae Polygalaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Ranunculaceae (Helleboraceae) Rosaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae
Appendices 53 Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Cultivated Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x Wet x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Apr–Jun Apr–Jul Mar–May May–Oct Jun–Sep Mar–Apr May–Sep Jul–Sep Jun–Sep Jun–Oct Apr–Jul Apr–Jun Apr–Jul Mar–May Apr–Jul Apr–Jul May–Sep Jun–Sep Apr–Jun Apr–May Apr–Sep Jun–Sep Park status Hist Pres Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Hist Hist Hist Hist Pres Hist Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Nativity Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Common name Utah penstemon false nightshade thick-leaved ground- cherry ground-cherry Palmer’s cutleaf water-parsnip purple-nerved spring- parsley prostrate vervain juniper mistletoe prostrate pigweed grain amaranth cushion cryptanth thick-sepaled cryptanth slender cryptanth redroot cryptanth wingnut cryptanth wingnut cryptanth bindweed heliotrope silver orach cupseed stickseed Jones’ popcorn-flower yellow beeplant lambsquarter
var.
var. var.
var. var. var. var. incisa var. Species name Penstemon utahensis Chamaesaracha coronopus Physalis crassifolia Physalis hederifolia palmeri Berula erecta Cymopterus multinervatus bracteata Verbena Phoradendron juniperinum Amaranthus blitoides Amaranthus hypochondriacus Cryptantha circumscissa Cryptantha crassisepala elachantha Cryptantha gracilis Cryptantha micrantha Cryptantha pterocarya cycloptera Cryptantha pterocarya pterocarya Heliotropium convolvulaceum Lappula occidentalis Plagiobothrys jonesii Cleome lutea Atriplex argentea argentea Chenopodium album album cupulata Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Perennial Forbs, cont. Scrophulariaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Verbenaceae Viscaceae Annual Forbs Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Capparaceae (Cleomaceae) Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae
54 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x x x x Wet x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Aug–Oct Jul–Sep Jun–Sep Jun–Sep Jul–Oct Jul–Oct Apr–Jun Jul–Sep Apr–May Jul–Sep Apr–Jul May–Sep Apr–Jul Apr–Jun Jul–Oct Jul–Oct May–Sep Jun–Sep May–Oct Apr–Oct Apr–Sep Mar–Aug Mar–Aug Park status Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Pres Rep Pres Pres Pres Rep Hist Hist Hist Nativity Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Intro Native Native Common name goosefoot Fremont’s narrowleaf goosefoot Russian thistle seepweed Torrey’s bur ragweed common ragweed chaenactis Gray’s Canadian horseweed Arizona blanketflower prickly lettuce tidytips tansyleaf aster filiform desert-dandelion sowthistle desert- dandelion spiny-leaf sow-thistle common sowthistle white-plume wire lettuce common sunflower golden crownbeard rough cocklebur shepherd’s-purse western tansymustard western tansymustard
var.
var. var.
var. var. var. ssp. var. Species name Chenopodium fremontii fremontii Chenopodium leptophyllum Salsola tragus Suaeda torreyana torreyana Ambrosia acanthicarpa Ambrosia artemisiifolia Chaenactis carphoclinia Conyza canadensis glabrata Gaillardia arizonica Helianthus annuus lenticularis Lactuca serriola Layia glandulosa Machaeranthera tanacetifolia Malacothrix glabrata Malacothrix sonchoides Sonchus asper Sonchus oleraceus Stephanomeria exigua encelioides Verbesina Xanthium strumarium Capsella bursa-pastoris Descurainia pinnata glabra Descurainia pinnata intermedia exauriculata canadense Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Annual Forbs, cont. Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Compositae (Asteraceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae)
Appendices 55 Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x x x Wet x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Mar–Aug Apr–Sep Apr–Jun May–Jul May–Jul May–Aug Mar–Jun Jun–Sep Jun–Aug May–Sep Feb–Oct May–Jun May–Jun Apr–Jun Apr–May Apr–Jul May–Oct Mar–Aug Apr–Jun Apr–Aug Apr–Oct Apr–Jun May–Jun May–Jun May–Aug Mar–Jun Park status Pres Pres Hist Hist Hist Pres Hist Rep Pres Pres Pres Hist Pres Pres Hist Hist Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Hist Pres Hist Nativity Intro Native Intro Native Intro Intro Native Intro Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Native Intro Native Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Common name flixweed spectaclepod spreading wallflower prairie pepperwort clasping pepperwort tumble mustard long-beak fiddlemustard flat-sedge ridge-seeded spurge prostrate spurge stork’s-bill corrugate phacelia crenulate phacelia Ives’ phacelia pretty Goodding’s phacelia dwarf lupine white sweetclover western tansymustard broomflax white-stem blazingstar common mallow camissonia slender-pod camissonia Parry’s tiny camissonia small-flowered gaura white-stem evening primrose
var.
var. pusillus var. var. var. var. sp. Species name Descurainia pinnata osmiarum Descurainia sophia Dithyrea wislizeni Erysimum repandum Lepidium densiflorum ramosum Lepidium perfoliatum Sisymbrium altissimum Streptanthella longirostris Cyperus Chamaesyce glyptosperma Chamaesyce prostrata Erodium cicutarium Phacelia crenulata corrugata Phacelia crenulata crenulata Phacelia ivesiana Phacelia pulchella gooddingii Lupinus pusillus Melilotus alba Linum aristatum Mentzelia albicaulis Malva neglecta Camissonia chamaenerioides Camissonia parryi Camissonia parvula Gaura parviflora Oenothera albicaulis Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Annual Forbs, cont. Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) Cyperaceae Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae Geraniaceae Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Leguminosae (Fabaceae) Linaceae Loasaceae Malvaceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae Onagraceae
56 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Sandy soil Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Cultivated Disturbed areas x x x x x x Wet x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Mar–May Fab–May Apr–Jun Apr–Jul May–Jun Apr–Jun Mar–May Mar–Jul Apr–Oct Apr–Oct Mar–Oct May–Oct Jun–Sep Aug–Sep Apr–Oct Mar–Oct May–Oct May–Sep May–Aug May–Aug Apr–Sep Jun–Aug Jun–Sep Mar–Sep Jul–Sep Park status Rep Pres Hist Pres Hist Hist Hist Hist Hist Hist Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Pres Pres Rep Nativity Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Common name early evening primrose pygmy golden-poppy Mohave eriastrum shy gilia common gilia spreading gilia Mohave langloisia spineflower Thurber’s nodding wild buckwheat skeletonweed wild buckwheat wild buckwheat Palmer’s yard knotweed common purslane smallflower bird’s-beak trumpet angel’s desert tobacco ground-cherry nightshade puncturevine three-square bulrush Nebraska sedge blackcreeper sedge spikerush Parish’s crested wheatgrass redtop purple three-awn sideoats grama
var. var.
var. var. Species name Oenothera primiveris bufonus Eschscholzia minutiflora Eriastrum eremicum Gilia inconspicua Gilia leptomeria leptomeria Ipomopsis polycladon Langloisia setosissima Centrostegia thurberi Eriogonum cernuum cernuum Eriogonum deflexum Eriogonum palmerianum Polygonum aviculare Portulaca oleracea Cordylanthus parviflorus Datura wrightii Nicotiana trigonophylla Solanum sarrachoides terrestris Tribulus Carex nebrascensis Carex praegracilis Eleocharis parishii Scirpus pungens longispicatus Agropyron cristatum Agrostis stolonifera Aristida purpurea Bouteloua curtipendula Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Annual Forbs, cont. Onagraceae Papaveraceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polemoniaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Portulacaceae Scrophulariaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae Zygophyllaceae Perennial Graminoids Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Cyperaceae Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae)
Appendices 57 Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x x x x x x x x x x Wet x x x x x x x x x x x x x Pin Jun x x x x x x x x x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Jun–Aug Jul–Sep Jun–Aug Jun–Sep Jun–Aug May–Aug Jun–Aug Jun–Aug Jun–Aug Apr–Aug May–Jul May–Aug Jun–Aug Jul–Aug Jul–Oct May–Aug May–Aug Jul–Aug Jun–Aug Jun–Sep Jun–Aug Jun–Sep May–Jul May–Jul Apr–Jun May–Jul Jun–Aug Jun–Aug Park status Pres Pres Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Rep Hist Rep Rep Pres Rep Pres Pres Rep Rep Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Pres Hist Pres Nativity Native Native Intro Native Intro Native Intro Native Native Native Intro Native Native Native Native Native Intro Intro Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Native Common name black grama blue grama smooth brome desert saltgrass tall wheatgrass squirreltail intermediate wheatgrass western wheatgrass slender wheatgrass fluffgrass tall fescue galleta foxtail barley scratchgrass bush muhly muttongrass Kentucky bluegrass water polypogon alkali sacaton spike dropseed sand dropseed mesa dropseed needle-and-thread Indian ricegrass desert needlegrass Baltic rush rush Tracy’s rush Torrey’s
var. inermis var. comata var. var. Species name Bouteloua eriopoda Bouteloua gracilis Bromus inermis Distichlis spicata Elymus elongatus Elymus elymoides Elymus hispidus Elymus smithii Elymus trachycaulus Erioneuron pulchellum Festuca arundinacea Hilaria jamesii Hordeum jubatum Muhlenbergia asperifolia Muhlenbergia porteri Poa fendleriana Poa pratensis Polypogon semiverticillatus Sporobolus airoides airoides Sporobolus contractus Sporobolus cryptandrus Sporobolus flexuosus Stipa comata Stipa hymenoides Stipa speciosa Juncus arcticus Juncus ensifolius Juncus torreyi brunnescens Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Perennial Graminoids, cont. Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Juncaceae Juncaceae Juncaceae
58 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument Comments Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas Disturbed areas x x x Wet x x Pin Jun x x x x x x DesSh Flower time Aug–Oct Apr–Jun Mar–Jun May–Jul Jul–Sep Aug–Sep Jul–Sep Jul–Oct Jul–Aug May–Jul Jun–Sep Jun–Aug Park status Pres Pres Pres Pres Rep Rep Rep Rep Pres Pres Pres Pres Nativity Native Intro Intro Intro Native Intro Intro Intro Native Intro Native Intro Common name sixweeks grama ripgut brome red brome cheatgrass field sandbur barnyardgrass stinkgrass Mexican lovegrass tufted lovegrass rabbit barley false buffalograss rabbitsfootgrass Species name Bouteloua barbata Bromus diandrus Bromus rubens Bromus tectorum Cenchrus longispinus Echinochloa crus-galli Eragrostis cilianensis Eragrostis mexicana Eragrostis pectinacea Hordeum murinum Munroa squarrosa Polypogon monspeliensis Appendix D. Confirmed, historical, and reported taxa of Pipe Spring National Monument organized by life form common name wit h ecological notes, cont. Family Annual Graminoids Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae) Gramineae (Poaceae)
Appendices 59 60 Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora: Pipe Spring National Monument The Department of the Interior protects and manages the nation’s natural resources and cultural heritage; provides scientific and other information about those resources; and honors its special responsibilities to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated Island Communities.
NPS D-222, October 2008 National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior
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