Helena Pina | Felisbela Martins | Cármen Ferreira (Eds.) THE OVERARCHING ISSUES OF THE EUROPEAN SPACE GRANDES PROBLEMÁTICAS DO ESPAÇO EUROPEU - Strategies for Spatial (Re)planning based on Innovation, Sustainability and Change Estratégias de (Re)ordenamento Territorial num Quadro de Inovação, Sustentabilidade e Mudança Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 2013 ii Helena Pina | Felisbela Martins | Cármen Ferreira (Eds.) THE OVERARCHING ISSUES OF THE EUROPEAN SPACE GRANDES PROBLEMÁTICAS DO ESPAÇO EUROPEU - Strategies for Spatial (Re)planning based on Innovation, Sustainability and Change Estratégias de (Re)ordenamento Territorial num Quadro de Inovação, Sustentabilidade e Mudança Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 2013 iii Título: THE OVERARCHING ISSUES OF THE EUROPEAN SPACE / GRANDES PROBLEMÁTICAS DO ESPAÇO EUROPEU Strategies for Spatial (Re)planning based on Innovation, Sustainability and Change / Estratégias de (Re)ordenamento Territorial num Quadro de Inovação, Sustentabilidade e Mudança Organização de: Helena Pina, Cármen Ferreira e Felisbela Martins Prefácio de: Helena Pina Editor: FUNDAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO –Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Local de edição: Porto Ano de edição: 2013 ISBN: 978-989-8648-13-6 http://ler.letras.up.pt E.Book Contacto: Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Port Via Panorâmica s/n 4150-564 Porto E-mail: [email protected] Edição em formato electrónico disponível em: http://ler.letras.up.pt/site/default.aspx?qry=id022id1433&sum=sim iv Organizadores: Prof. Doutora Helena Pina, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutora Cármen Ferreira, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutora Felisbela Martins, Universidade do Porto Comissão Científica: Prof. Doutora Alecxandrina Deaconu, Université de Bucarest Prof. Doutora Ana Firmino, Universidade Nova de Lisboa Prof. Doutor António Barros Cardoso, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutor Atanas Dermendzhiev, University of Verliko Tarnovo Prof. Doutora Cármen Ferreira, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutora Felisbela Martins, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutora Fernanda Cravidão, Universidade de Coimbra Prof. Doutora Glória Teixeira, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutor Hélder Marques, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutora Helena Pina, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutora Ileana Constantinescu, Université de Bucarest Prof. Doutor João Luís Fernandes, Universidade de Coimbra Prof. Doutor José António Aldrey Vázquez, Universidade Santiago Compostela Prof. Doutora Lucette Laurens, Université Montpellier III Prof. Doutora Maria da Conceição Ramos, Universidade do Porto Prof. Doutor Miguel Pazos Otón, Universidade Santiago Compostela Prof. Doutor Norberto Santos, Universidade de Coimbra Prof. Doutora Paula Remoaldo, Universidade do Minho Prof. Doutor Slavi Dimitrov, University of Verliko Tarnovo Prof. Doutora Stella Dermendzhieva, University of Verliko Tarnovo Apoio Técnico Dra. Cláudia Moreira, Universidade do Porto Dr. António Costa, Universidade do Porto v vi Índice Preface Helena Pina 9 – 15 Prefácio Helena Pina 17 – 23 Parte I – Economia, Sustentabilidade e Ordenamento do Território Macieira de Alcôba (Águeda) – a rural area in a Cármen Ferreira 26 – 37 context of change Le management peut-il devenir un facteur de la performance des organisations roumaines? Alecxandrina Deaconu, Viorel 38 – 54 Analyse de la situation actuelle et orientations Lefter, Anca Bogdan pour l’avenir Aspects actuels des projects d’investissement Elena Dobre, Anca Stanciu 56 – 64 transnationaux Underground Economy in post-december Elena Condrea 65 – 79 Romania. Causes. Factors. Particularities La Roumanie, un pays avec un grand potential Ileana Constantinescu, Anca- 81 - 91 touristique, agricole et industriel Nicoleta Precup O ordenamento dos espaços naturais protegidos Valerià Paül Carril 93 – 116 na Galiza. Uma perspetiva geográfica critica Glória Teixeira, Lígia Carvalho Legal perspective of sustainable agriculture 118 – 126 Abreu Empreendedorismo e inovação em pecuária Ana Firmino 128 - 135 biológica: o porco bisaro de Póvoa de Lanhoso Litoralization and behind: Environmental change Borna Fuerst-Bjelis, Anamarija 136-147 in Mediterranean Croatia” Durbesic Parte II – Turismo e Desenvolvimento Local e Regional Paula Cristina Remoaldo, Ex-ante evaluation by the media of the Laurentina Vareiro, J. Cadima 151 – 170 Guimarães 2012 European Capital of Culture Ribeiro e J. Freitas Santos The expansion of secondary housing in Portugal Fátima Loureiro de Matos 171– 181 vii The Douro rural heritage: how to conciliate Helena Pina 183 – 205 conservation, innovation and development? Stela Dermendzhieva Cultural and historical sites in the North-Eastern Martin Doykov 206 – 224 socio-economic region of Bulgaria Atanas Dermendzhiev Regional tourist sites in the bulgarian “Rose Martin Doykov 225– 236 Valley” Mobility manegement in a historic and touristic Miguel Pazos Otón City: the case of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) 237-267 Paisagem cultural: de um espaço de João Luís Fernandes reterritorialização a um recurso turístico 269-285 Parte III – Sociedade, Cultura, Interculturalidades e Desenvolvimento A evolución da poboación galega e das súas José Antonio Aldrey Vázquez densidades (1900-2030) 289-312 Solidariedade, inovação social e Maria da Conceição Ramos empreendedorismo no desenvolvimento local 313-342 Interculturalidades e Mobilidades no Espaço Natália Ramos Europeu: Viver e Comunicar Entre Culturas 343-360 Livrarias e bibliotecas na Europa dos tempos António Barros Cardoso modernos 361-373 Ensinar Geografia para a compreensão da dinamização das áreas rurais em mudança: o Felisbela Martins 375-387 turismo, a indústria e seus efeitos multiplicadores The Romani (“Gypsies”) in the Social Space of Laura Sakaja, Hrvoje Slezak Post-Socialist Countries: The Example of Croatia 389-409 Slavi Petrov Dimitrov, Tatyana Aspetos geopolíticos da crise no Kosovo 411-421 Dimitrova viii Preface In a European space where diversity is unquestioned and increasingly provides the potential for the development of a very appealing and inspiring territorial mosaic, inequalities are becoming more entrenched and exacerbate existing problems, thus perpetuating a widespread crisis across all sectors of society. This scenario, however, must be reversed by implementing structural, yet sustainable and inclusive measures which revitalise the European territory in line with new directives from the European Commission. This is the only way to overcome the current crisis and prepare Europe to reposition its standing from a global perspective. Effectively, through the "Europe 2020" strategy, emphasis is being placed on smart, widespread development focusing on knowledge, innovation, education and the digital society. The social aspect is further enhanced and complemented by an emphasis on inclusion, which aims to reduce unemployment and poverty. Moreover, these dynamics are also supposed to tend towards the sustainable by making increasingly efficient use of endogenous resources, while simultaneously strengthening competitiveness. Thus, a more social European economy is envisaged, in a scenario characterised by effective territorial cohesion. The situation, however, continues to be very problematic, which is why it is imperative in Europe to institute scientific studies which empower not only the scientific community but also civil society with the capacity to intervene in the management and planning of the territory in order to transform the current situation. It is in this context that the second volume of "The Overarching Issues of the European Space", in which the European space continues to be a priority, but where an opening up to the global context is already evident, has been published. Essentially, regional policies need rethinking in order to incorporate sustainable and inclusive development from a multidisciplinary and inter-university perspective; one which does not ignore the diversity of spaces and their respective dynamics. It is under these circumstances that the diverse issues have been approached in this publication, and dealt with in three parts. In the first section, economic as well as sustainability issues are highlighted from the point of view of effective spatial planning. The presentation focuses on various situations in Portugal, Romania, Croatia and Galicia. It is in the rural areas, however, where the most worrying scenarios are found, which is why it will come as no surprise that Chapter I begins with a rural example where population decline is clear but, as a result of a municipal strategy, the area is being revitalised. In this case, the chief driving forces are ecotourism, and the revival of local traditions and culture. Thus, efforts to implement sustainable, multi-functional development are being made by combining the restoration of activities and traditions with innovation. 9 Another very problematic area is that of Romania, where one finds evidence of an economy and a social framework experiencing difficulties in adapting to an increasingly globalised market. Nevertheless, revitalising strategies are emerging, especially now that policy priorities aimed at overcoming the crisis have been identified. One priority focused on transnational investments, exemplified here by a multinational corporation (MNC). Taking advantage of the weaknesses of the Romanian domestic market, and production factors as well has having access to financial assets at much more favourable terms than those obtained by Romanian companies, this transnational established itself, while simultaneously becoming partly