Topographic Maps / Air Mass / Water Cycle / Ocean Currents
Name: Date:
1. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the topographic map below and on your knowledge of Earth science. Some contour lines have been drawn. Line AB is a reference line on the map.
Calculate the gradient along the reference line from A to B, in meters per kilometer.
2. State a likely surface elevation of Pebble Lake.
3. On the map, draw the 60-meter and 70-meter contour lines. The contour lines should extend to the edges of the map.
page 1 4. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the cross section below, which shows a typical cold front moving over New York State in early summer.
Explain why the warm, moist air is rising at the frontal boundary.
5. What was the geographic source region for the cP air mass shown in the cross section.
Identify the most likely geographic source region for the mT air mass.
6. The map below shows four coastal locations labeled A, B, C, and D.
The climate of which location is warmed by a nearby major ocean current?
A. A B. B C. C D. D
page 2 Topographic Maps / Air Mass / Water Cycle / Ocean Currents 7. Base your responses to the following questions on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents portions of the water cycle. Letters A, B, and C represent processes in the water cycle. Arrows show the movement of water.
What is the main source of energy for the water cycle?
8. Describe the general relationship between the amount of rainfall and the amount of runoff represented by C.
9. Identify the process represented by B.
10. Identify one process represented by A.
11. What controls the direction of movement of most surface ocean currents?
A. density differences at various ocean depths B. varying salt content in the ocean
C. prevailing winds D. seismic activity
12. Which ocean current transports warm water away from Earth’s equatorial region?
A. Brazil Current B. Guinea Current C. Falkland Current D. California Current
page 3 Topographic Maps / Air Mass / Water Cycle / Ocean Currents 13. Which ocean current brings warm water to the western coast of Africa?
A. Agulhas Current B. North Equatorial Current
C. Canaries Current D. Guinea Current
14. Large oceans moderate the climatic temperatures of surrounding coastal land areas because the temperature of ocean water changes
A. rapidly, due to water’s low specific heat B. rapidly, due to water’s high specific heat
C. slowly, due to water’s low specific heat D. slowly, due to water’s high specific heat
15. Most of the Gulf Stream Ocean Current is
A. warm water that flows southwestward B. warm water that flows northeastward
C. cool water that flows southwestward D. cool water that flows northeastward
16. Which ocean current cools the climate of some locations along the western coastline of North America?
A. Florida Current B. California Current C. Canaries Current D. Alaska Current
page 4 Topographic Maps / Air Mass / Water Cycle / Ocean Currents 17. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the passage and map below. The map shows sections of the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico.
Shipwreck
In 1641, the crew of the ship Concepcion used the Sun and stars for navigation. The crew thought that the ship was just north of Puerto Rico, but ocean currents had carried them off course. The ship hit a coral reef and sank off the coast of the Dominican Republic. The X on the map marks the location of the sunken ship.
The Concepcion was carried off course to the northwest by an ocean current flowing from the
A. Florida Current B. Gulf Stream Current
C. North Atlantic Current D. North Equatorial Current
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Topographic Maps / Air Mass / Water Cycle / Ocean Currents 12/21/2014
1. 12. Answer: any value from 22 m/km to 29 m/km Answer: A
2. 13. Answer: any value greater than 90 m, but less than Answer: D 100 m 14. 3. Answer: D Answer: 15. Answer: B 16. Answer: B 17. Answer: D
4. Answer: Warm, moist air is less dense than cold, dry air. Cold air is moving under the warm air and forcing the warm air upward.
5. Answer: Central Canada Gulf of Mexico a warm ocean surface 6. Answer: C 7. Answer: the Sun; insolation; solar radiation/solar energy; sunlight
8. Answer: as precipitation/rainfall increases, runoff increases; more rain leads to more runoff; direct relationship; unoff is usually less than rainfall 9. Answer: infiltration; water seeping into the ground; absorption/recharge of the storage; seeping/seepage/percolation; water entering/soaking/sinking into the soil
10. Answer: transpiration or evaporation/vaporization or evapotranspiration
11. Answer: C