Pablo Picasso

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Pablo Picasso PABLO PICASSO 10 11 PABLO PICASSO PICASSO ET LES GEMMAUX « Un art nouveau est né : les gemmaux. » Pablo Picasso « Qui n’a jamais éprouvé le désir d’entrer l’atelier Malherbe et les possibilités inépui- juxtaposés accentuent l’impression d’un dans un diamant, de nager dans son eau sables offertes par cet amalgame de lames précieux camaïeu de cristaux. Contraire- pétrifiée, d’être un instant, par magie, l’habi- de verre teinté éclairées par transparence. ment aux gemmaux de Braque, composés tant d’une géométrie parfaite ? Ce rêve d’en- Séduit par ce nouveau médium et la pro- de morceaux de verre de tailles et de formes fant et de poète, le gemmail le réalise en messe inédite de pouvoir mettre en lumière identiques, Picasso recourt ici à une infinité son talent, Picasso crée en 1954 la « Femme d’éclats inégaux qu’il superpose en diffé- dans un fauteuil d’osier », à laquelle suc- rentes couches plus ou moins épaisses afin cèdent une soixantaine d’œuvres revisitant de créer une œuvre magnétique aux subti- ses peintures les plus célèbres. Voyant dans lités illimitées. ce nouveau moyen d’expression l’aboutis- Véritable jeu de formes, de matières, et de sement de ses recherches cubistes sur couleurs, cette œuvre est l’une de celles qui, Affiche de la rétrospective Picasso en Gemmaux, 1900- le volume et la perception des formes, comme Picasso, vous feront vous exclamer 1957. Exposition de l’Atelier Malherbe qui présenta 50 Picasso expose ses gemmaux en 1957 à la « Un art nouveau est né : les gemmaux » . des gemmaux signés par Picasso, rue du Faubourg Grande Galerie du Faubourg Saint Honoré Saint-Honoré, Paris, mars-avril-mai 1957. Notre œuvre y et rencontre un vif succès auprès de l’élite était exposée sous le N°39 de l’exposition. mondaine. L’Empereur du Japon, le Prince Rainier de Monaco ou encore la famille “Who has never felt the desire to enter a dia- Rothschild se disputent ses œuvres, par mond, to swim in its crystallized water to, for ailleurs exposées parmi les plus grands an instant, by magic, be the inhabitant of per- musées américains entre 1958 et 1998. fect geometry? Gemmail makes this dream La plupart des gemmaux de Picasso sont of a child or of a poet come true by hollowing Introduction du catalogue de la Retrospective Picasso en gemmaux par Roger Malherbe Navarre, 1957 aujourd’hui encore pré- cieusement conservés par la famille Malherbe, and “enamel”, the clear substance that fuses quelques musées et de the pieces of glass) is an interesting tech- © Succession Picasso 2017 Pablo Picasso rédigeant « Un art nouveau est né rares collectionneurs nique that came to be when the painter Jean « Les gemmaux ». privés. Crotti, enthralled by color, met Roger Malher- be-Navarre, who was involved in his physicist Tirée de la « Guitare » de father’s research on crystalline resonance and creusant dans ses profondeurs radieuses 1924, la composition que fluorescence. un nouvel espace feutré comme la neige et nous présentons illustre It was through Cocteau that Pablo Picasso chaud comme la lampe, une mer de glace, cette capacité unique discovered the Malherbe workshop in 1954 un labyrinthe qui conduit aux abysses de la du gemmail à faire de and the endless possibilities offered bwy this couleur. » (Marc Alyn) la lumière un acteur de compound of thin stained glass lamellas illu- l’œuvre. En la traver- minated by their translucence. Taken by this Qualifié de « huitième art » par Jean Coc- sant, la lumière semble new medium and the unprecedented oppor- © Succession Picasso 2017 teau, le gemmail (néologisme né de la en effet donner vie à la Pablo Picasso signant l’un de ses gemmaux en présence tunity of being able to shine light on his talent, contraction de « gemme », pierre précieuse, couleur, réchauffant les de Roger Malherbe Navarre. Picasso created a gemmail Woman in a Wicker et d’« émail », liant servant à l’assemblage tons fauves et rendant au Chair in 1954, followed by some sixty works des fragments de verre) est une technique bleu, cher à Picasso, sa that reinterpreted his most famous paintings. originale née de la rencontre du peintre générosité primaire. Par cet intense embra- out a new space in its radiant depths which is Seeing the culmination of his Cubist research Jean Crotti, captivé par la couleur, et de sement des pigments, l’œuvre apparait, a space as serene as snow and as warm as on volume and the perception of forms in this Roger Malherbe-Navarre, commandé par non pas comme une réinterprétation de a lamp, a sea of ice, a labyrinth that leads to new means of expression, Picasso exhibited les recherches de son père physicien sur l’huile originale, mais comme la concréti- abysses of color.” (Marc Alyn) his gemmaux (“enamel gems”) at the Grande © Succession Picasso 2017 © Succession Picasso 2017 // Galerie Charpentier la résonance cristalline et la fluorescence. sation parfaite de celle-ci. Le tracé angu- Described as “the eighth art” by Jean Coc- Galerie du Faubourg Saint Honoré in 1957, Gemmail intitulé Autoportrait exposé sous le Affiche de l’exposition « Braque, Picasso, Rouault et N°1 de l’exposition de 1957 Maîtres contemporains du Musée du Gemmail de Tours », C’est justement par l’intermédiaire de Coc- leux de l’artiste se fait l’écho de la rugosité teau, gemmail (a neologism that stems from which met great success among the world’s Galerie Charpentier, Paris, 1964 teau que Pablo Picasso découvre, en 1954, saillante du verre, dont les fragments ainsi the contraction of “gem”, a precious stone, elite. The Emperor of Japan, Prince Rainier of 12 13 Monaco, and the Rothschild family competed light indeed seems to breathe life into color, by maux, which consisted of pieces of glass for his works, which were also exhibited in adding warmth to the vivid colors and making that were identical in size and shape, Picasso 正如吉恩•科克托(Jean Cocteau)将其描 major American museums from 1958 to 1998. blue, Picasso’s cherished color, regain its pri- employs an infinite number of varied shards 述为“第八艺术“的Gemmail是一种始于20 世纪的彩绘玻璃艺术。艺术家通过将玻璃碎片 Picasso’s gemmaux are preciously preserved mary splendor. With its pigments set aflame, which he places in overlapping layers of var- 组合、重叠,形成图像,制成整块玻璃。当光 by the Malherbe family, museums, and pri- the artwork appears not as a reinterpreta- ying thickness in order to create an appealing 线穿过玻璃时图像便呈现出来。被色彩吸引住 vate collectors who were there from the very tion of the original oil painting but rather as artwork abounding in nuances. 的让•克罗蒂(Jean Crott)遇到了父亲为物 beginning. its material completion. The angular outlines A true interplay of shapes, matters and colors, 理学家的罗德•马勒赫 - 纳瓦拉 (Roger Mal- Based upon the Guitar of 1924, the composi- drawn by the artist echo the coarse projec- this work is one of those that, like Picasso, will herbe-Navarre),并一起参与对晶体共振和 tion we are presenting exemplifies gemmail’s tions of the glass, the juxtaposed fragments make you too exclaim “A new art is born: The 荧光的研究。 unique capacity of allowing light to actively of which contributed to the impression of a Gemmaux” . contribute to an artwork. In passing through it, crystal camaïeu. Contrary to Braque’s gem- 通过科克托,毕加索参观了•马勒赫的工作 室,这些半透明的彩色玻璃给毕加索的创作提 供了无限的可能,这种新媒介艺术手法更是把 他的才华发挥的淋漓尽致,在1954年他创造了 作品《柳条椅中的女人》(Femme dans un fauteuil d’osier),以及之后的六十多幅最 著名的作品都诠释了他的成功。在这种新的表 达方式中我们看到了毕加索在立体主义上对体 积和形态做的探索和尝试,1957年他在圣奥诺 雷市郊路的大画廊展出了他的 Gemmaux艺术 作品,震惊了世界并取得了巨大的成功。一时 间日本皇室,摩纳哥的兰尼埃三世王子和罗斯 柴尔德家族都竞相收藏他的作品,同时1958年 至1998年间毕加索先后在美国最大的几个博物 馆举行了展览。 光线演绎作品的独特能力。光线透过时,让色 彩都充满活力并变成毕加索最钟爱的蓝色。 有棱角的痕迹与粗糙的玻璃相互呼应,如此 并列的碎片强调了珍贵的水晶单色画的印象 感。与立体主义画家乔治•布拉克 (Georges Braque)的玻璃彩绘画整齐而形状规则的玻 璃碎片不一样的是,毕加索采用无规律的碎片 并排成不同的层次来营造作品精妙无限的感 觉。 这是一个真正属于形状,材质和颜色的游戏, 他的作品正如毕加索本人一样,会让你惊叹不 已《一个新艺术的诞生:les gemmaux 》。 (巴勃罗•毕加索) © Succession Picasso 2017 // Atelier Malherbe Extrait du catalogue de la rétrospective Le gemmail : art de lumière, expression du XXe siècle, Musée du gemmail (2002) 14 15 ART MODERNE & CONTEMPORAIN COCTEAU, PICASSO, BRAQUE, VAN DONGEN, EN 1954, PABLO PICASSO DÉCOUVRE LE GEMMAIL GRÂCE À SON ROUAULT, VILLON, AMI JEAN COCTEAU. DE 1954 À 1956, IL REVISITE CERTAINES DE SES BRAYER, CARZOU… PEINTURES À TRAVERS CETTE NOUVELLE TECHNIQUE. ONT ILLUMINÉ LEUR ŒUVRE GRÂCE AU GEMMAIL © Succession Picasso 2017 // Atelier Malherbe © Succession Picasso 2017 // Atelier Malherbe Jacqueline Roque de profil, Claude et Paloma Picasso, Vers 1955, Pablo Picasso, en famille, et avec Roger Malherbe, Pablo Picasso lors de l'installation d'un gemmail vers 1955 présente certains de ses gemmaux « C’est ainsi que ses traductions en gem- maux sont en fait autant de relectures, de Mon maître Picasso, récréations de choix opérés dans son œuvre par Jean Cocteau. Coupure de presse, 1957 et revisités. Il s’empare exprès de ses réus- sites insurpassables, des Adolescents ocres de Gosol en 1906 à la plus effrontée des Sylvette, la jeune fille à la queue de cheval de © Atelier Malherbe Jean Cocteau contrôlant 1954. Rien ne lui résiste, mais rien non plus l’un de ses gemmaux chez Malherbe n’est tout à fait pareil. Le génie est là pour qui, chaque nouveau jour, est un nouveau jour pour son art. L’invention des gemmaux a été ainsi pour Picasso une occasion incomparable de revisiter, en la plénitude de son âge, une cin- quantaine de ses peintures qui lui tenaient le plus à cœur » Pierre Daix, 18 octobre 2010 Des gemmaux de Van Dongen seront pré- sentés lors de la rétrospective Van Dongen et le Bateau-Lavoir, Musée de Montmartre, 15 février 2018 au 26 août 2018 et deux Les photos en NB reproduites sont extraites du catalogue de la rétrospective e Le gemmail : art de lumière, expression du XX siècle, gemmaux de Braque sont aujourd’hui © Succession Picasso 2017 // Atelier Malherbe Picasso transposé en gemmaux Musée du gemmail (2002) ou des archives Malherbe visibles au Musée Georges Braque.
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