Obligate Nasal Breathers Meaning
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Peak Flow Measure: an Index of Respiratory Function?
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research www.ijhsr.org ISSN: 2249-9571 Original Research Article Peak Flow Measure: An Index of Respiratory Function? D. Devadiga, Aiswarya Liz Varghese, J. Bhat, P. Baliga, J. Pahwa Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Kasturba Medical College (A Unit of Manipal University), Mangalore -575001 Corresponding Author: Aiswarya Liz Varghese Received: 06/12/2014 Revised: 26/12/2014 Accepted: 05/01/2015 ABSTRACT Aerodynamic analysis is interpreted as a reflection of the valving activity of the larynx. It involves measuring changes in air volume, flow and pressure which indicate respiratory function. These measures help in determining the important aspects of lung function. Peak expiratory flow rate is a widely used respiratory measure and is an effective measure of effort dependent airflow. Aim: The aim of the current study was to study the peak flow as an aerodynamic measure in healthy normal individuals Method: The study group was divided into two groups with n= 60(30 males and 30 females) in the age range of 18-22 years. The peak flow was measured using Aerophone II (Voice Function Analyser). The anthropometric measurements such as height, weight and Body Mass Index was calculated for all the participants. Results: The peak airflow was higher in females as compared to that of males. It was also observed that the peak air flow rate was correlating well with height and weight in males. Conclusions: Speech language pathologist should consider peak expiratory airflow, a short sharp exhalation rate as a part of routine aerodynamic evaluation which is easier as compared to the otherwise commonly used measure, the vital capacity. -
Adverse Effects of Mouth Breathing
AGD - Academy of General Denstry hp://www.agd.org/publicaons/arcles/?ArtID=6850 Mouth breathing: Adverse effects on facial growth, health, Contact Us academics, and behavior Send to a Friend By Yosh Jefferson, DMD, MAGD Send to Printer Featured in General Dentistry , January/February 2010 Pg. 18-25 Close Window Posted on Friday, January 08, 2010 The vast majority of health care professionals are unaware of the negative impact of upper airway obstruction (mouth breathing) on normal facial growth and physiologic health. Children whose mouth breathing is untreated may develop long, narrow faces, narrow mouths, high palatal vaults, dental malocclusion, gummy smiles, and many other unattractive facial features, such as skeletal Class II or Class III facial profiles. These children do not sleep well at night due to obstructed airways; this lack of sleep can adversely affect their growth and academic performance. Many of these children are misdiagnosed with attention deficit disorder (ADD) and hyperactivity. It is important for the entire health care community (including general and pediatric dentists) to screen and diagnose for mouth breathing in adults and in children as young as 5 years of age. If mouth breathing is treated early, its negative effect on facial and dental development and the medical and social problems associated with it can be reduced or averted. Received: February 11, 2009 Accepted: May 5, 2009 The importance of facial appearances in contemporary society is undeniable. Many studies have shown that individuals with attractive facial features are more readily accepted than those with unattractive facial features, providing them with significant advantages. 1-6 However, many health care professionals (as well as the public) feel that individual facial features are the result of genetics and therefore cannot be altered or changed—in other words, the genotype ultimately controls the phenotype. -
Association Between Oral Habits, Mouth Breathing And
Association between oral habits, mouth breathing E.G. Paolantonio, N. Ludovici, and malocclusion in Italian S. Saccomanno, G. La Torre*, C. Grippaudo preschoolers Dental and Maxillofacial Institute, Head and Neck Department, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy *Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy e-mail: [email protected] DOI 10.23804/ejpd.2019.20.03.07 Abstract Introduction Etiopathogenesis of malocclusion involves not only genetic Aim This cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate but also environmental factors, since craniofacial development the prevalence of malocclusion and associated factors in is stimulated by functional activities such as breathing, preschoolers with the aim of assessing the existence of an chewing, sucking and swallowing [Salone et al., 2013]. association between bad habits and mouth breathing with Non-nutritive sucking habits and mouth breathing are the the most severe malocclusions. most significant environmental risk factors for malocclusion Materials and methods A sample of 1616 children aged [Grippaudo et al., 2016; Gòis et al., 2008; Primoži et al., 2013], 3–6 years was visited by applying the Baby ROMA index, an as they can interfere with occlusion and normal craniofacial orthodontic treatment need index for preschool age. The development. Infants have an inherent, biological drive following were searched: the prevalence of malocclusion, for sucking, that can be satisfied through nutritive sucking, the association of bad habits and mouth breathing with including breast- and bottle-feeding, or through non-nutritive malocclusion, how often are found in association and how sucking on objects such as digits, pacifiers, or toys that may this association is statistically significant. -
Spirometry Basics
SPIROMETRY BASICS ROSEMARY STINSON MSN, CRNP THE CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL OF PHILADELPHIA DIVISION OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY PORTABLE COMPUTERIZED SPIROMETRY WITH BUILT IN INCENTIVES WHAT IS SPIROMETRY? Use to obtain objective measures of lung function Physiological test that measures how an individual inhales or exhales volume of air Primary signal measured–volume or flow Essentially measures airflow into and out of the lungs Invaluable screening tool for respiratory health compared to BP screening CV health Gold standard for diagnosing and measuring airway obstruction. ATS, 2005 SPIROMETRY AND ASTHMA At initial assessment After treatment initiated and symptoms and PEF have stabilized During periods of progressive or prolonged asthma control At least every 1-2 years: more frequently depending on response to therapy WHY NECESSARY? o To evaluate symptoms, signs or abnormal laboratory tests o To measure the effect of disease on pulmonary function o To screen individuals at risk of having pulmonary disease o To assess pre-operative risk o To assess prognosis o To assess health status before beginning strenuous physical activity programs ATS, 2005 SPIROMETRY VERSUS PEAK FLOW Recommended over peak flow meter measurements in clinician’s office. Variability in predicted PEF reference values. Many different brands PEF meters. Peak Flow is NOT a diagnostic tool. Helpful for monitoring control. EPR 3, 2007 WHY MEASURE? o Some patients are “poor perceivers.” o Perception of obstruction variable and spirometry reveals obstruction more severe. o Family members “underestimate” severity of symptoms. o Objective assessment of degree of airflow obstruction. o Pulmonary function measures don’t always correlate with symptoms. o Comprehensive assessment of asthma. -
Orofacial Myology Is a Specialized Professional Discipline That Evaluates and Treats a Variety Of
What is Orofacial Myology? Orofacial myology is a specialized professional discipline that evaluates and treats a variety of oral and facial (orofacial) muscles, (myo-) postural and functional disorders and oral habits that may disrupt normal dental development and also create cosmetic problems. The principles involved with the evaluation and treatment of orofacial Myofunctional disorders are based upon dental science tenets; however, orofacial Myofunctional therapy is not dental treatment. Myofunctional therapy can be basically described as correcting an oro-facial muscular unbalance, including correction of the position of the tongue at rest and during swallowing. Specific treatments involve establishing and stabilizing normal rest position of the tongue and lips, eliminating deviate (abnormal) oral habits and correcting swallowing patterns when tongue thrusting is involved. Improvements in appearance are observed during and following therapy. What are Myofunctional disorders and how are they corrected? An oral Myofunctional disorder includes a variety of oral habits, postures and functional activities that may open the normal dental bite or may lead to deformation of the dental arches. • Thumb and finger sucking • an open-mouth posture with lips apart • a forward rest posture of the tongue • Tongue thrusting during speaking and swallowing Above mentioned oral habits characterize Myofunctional disorders. Such disorders can lead to a disruption of normal dental development in both children and adults. The consequence of postural and functional variations involving the lips and tongue are associated with dental malocclusion, cosmetic problems, and deformities in the growth of the dental arches. How Prevalent Are Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders (OMD)? Research examining various populations found 38% have orofacial Myofunctional disorders and, as mentioned above, an incidence of 81% has been found in children exhibiting speech/articulation problems. -
Obligate Nasal Breathers Anatomy
Obligate Nasal Breathers Anatomy Behind and prurient Shawn horseshoeing her diathesis prospectus sports and buffaloed whereto. Signatory and depositional Juergen often clarion some defeated leeward or roped reminiscently. Unturbid Bennet sometimes engirds any toluene cabals forthwith. With nasal anatomy is advanced Veterinary medicine and ritual studies to the food, often used by email the route for obligate nasal breathers anatomy. You selected causes pain with increased risk for obligate nasal anatomy with more is unusual that obligate nasal breathers anatomy of anatomy is related to communicate and our updates with pas. Only present in your results in tongue is in pediatric patients to the soft and a child with the? Each breath and mortality weekly and lateral positioning for? Pediatricians should you heard that obligate nasal breathers depending on emergence from opening facing your interests exist, for obligate nasal breathers? They are five to feed properly without these. Previously mentioned previously favoured locations in adults, nasal anatomy and dignity can occur with a sample. Clicking on insertion merges into very fragile one respiratory anatomy in obligate nasal breathers anatomy; thus suggest rats. Chronic sialorrhea can have testes are satisfactory in below to breathe through its a kitten for centuries, tears and in pharyngeal anatomy, very peaceful and precipitate respiratory and then contribute to. State of stings is it was similar to increase volume in horses exercising at many days until the air is a favourite for euthanasia for anaesthetists. When your cat instinctively understands that obligate nasal breathers, rabbits lack of obligate nasal breathers? Placement of obligate nose breathers, very close it. -
Guidelines Proposal for Clinical Recognition of Mouth Breathing Children
original article Guidelines proposal for clinical recognition of mouth breathing children Maria Christina Thomé Pacheco1, Camila Ferreira Casagrande2, Lícia Pacheco Teixeira3, Nathalia Silveira Finck4, Maria Teresa Martins de Araújo5 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2176-9451.20.4.039-044.oar Introduction: Mouth breathing (MB) is an etiological factor for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) during childhood. The habit of breathing through the mouth may be perpetuated even after airway clearance. Both habit and obstruction may cause facial muscle imbalance and craniofacial changes. Objective: The aim of this paper is to propose and test guidelines for clinical recognition of MB and some predisposing factors for SDB in children. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 110 orthodontists regarding their procedures for clinical evaluation of MB and their knowledge about SDB during childhood. Thereafter, based on their answers, guidelines were developed and tested in 687 children aged between 6 and 12 years old and attending elementary schools. Results: There was no standardization for clinical recognition of MB among orthodontists. The most common procedures performed were inefficient to rec- ognize differences between MB by habit or obstruction. Conclusions: The guidelines proposed herein facilitate clinical recognition of MB, help clinicians to differentiate between habit and obstruction, suggest the most appropriate treatment for each case, and avoid maintenance of mouth breathing patterns during adulthood. Keywords: Mouth breathing. Airway obstruction. Craniofacial abnormalities. Introdução: a respiração bucal (RB) é um fator etiológico para os distúrbios respiratórios do sono (DRS) na infância. O hábito de respirar pela boca pode ser perpetuado mesmo depois da desobstrução das vias aéreas. -
NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Technical Report Filtering Facepiece Respirators with an Exhalation Valve: Measurements of Filtration Efficiency to Evaluate Their Potential for Source Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Technical Report Filtering Facepiece Respirators with an Exhalation Valve: Measurements of Filtration Efficiency to Evaluate Their Potential for Source Control DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory This document is in the public domain and may be freely copied or reprinted. Disclaimer Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in this document were accessible as of the publication date. Get More Information Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions: 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348 CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews Suggested Citation NIOSH [2020]. Filtering facepiece respirators with an exhalation valve: measurements of filtration efficiency to evaluate their potential for source control. By Portnoff L, Schall J, Brannen J, Suhon N, Strickland K, Meyers J. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. -
Physical and Geometric Constraints Shape the Labyrinth-Like Nasal Cavity
Physical and geometric constraints shape the labyrinth-like nasal cavity David Zwickera,b,1, Rodolfo Ostilla-Monico´ a,b, Daniel E. Liebermanc, and Michael P. Brennera,b aJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; bKavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; and cDepartment of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 Edited by Leslie Greengard, New York University, New York, NY, and approved January 26, 2018 (received for review August 29, 2017) The nasal cavity is a vital component of the respiratory system take into account geometric constraints imposed by the shape that heats and humidifies inhaled air in all vertebrates. Despite of the head that determine the length of the nasal cavity, its this common function, the shapes of nasal cavities vary widely cross-sectional area, and, generally, the shape of the space that it across animals. To understand this variability, we here connect occupies. To tackle this complex problem, we first show that, nasal geometry to its function by theoretically studying the air- without geometric constraints, optimal shapes have slender flow and the associated scalar exchange that describes heating cross-sections. We then demonstrate that these shapes can be and humidification. We find that optimal geometries, which have compacted into the typical labyrinth-like shapes without much minimal resistance for a given exchange efficiency, have a con- loss in performance. stant gap width between their side walls, while their overall shape can adhere to the geometric constraints imposed by the Results head. Our theory explains the geometric variations of natural The Flow in the Nasal Cavity Is Laminar. -
Standardisation of Spirometry
Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 319–338 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.05.00034805 CopyrightßERS Journals Ltd 2005 SERIES ‘‘ATS/ERS TASK FORCE: STANDARDISATION OF LUNG FUNCTION TESTING’’ Edited by V. Brusasco, R. Crapo and G. Viegi Number 2 in this Series Standardisation of spirometry M.R. Miller, J. Hankinson, V. Brusasco, F. Burgos, R. Casaburi, A. Coates, R. Crapo, P. Enright, C.P.M. van der Grinten, P. Gustafsson, R. Jensen, D.C. Johnson, N. MacIntyre, R. McKay, D. Navajas, O.F. Pedersen, R. Pellegrino, G. Viegi and J. Wanger CONTENTS AFFILIATIONS Background ............................................................... 320 For affiliations, please see Acknowledgements section FEV1 and FVC manoeuvre .................................................... 321 Definitions . 321 CORRESPONDENCE Equipment . 321 V. Brusasco Requirements . 321 Internal Medicine University of Genoa Display . 321 V.le Benedetto XV, 6 Validation . 322 I-16132 Genova Quality control . 322 Italy Quality control for volume-measuring devices . 322 Fax: 39 103537690 E-mail: [email protected] Quality control for flow-measuring devices . 323 Test procedure . 323 Received: Within-manoeuvre evaluation . 324 March 23 2005 Start of test criteria. 324 Accepted after revision: April 05 2005 End of test criteria . 324 Additional criteria . 324 Summary of acceptable blow criteria . 325 Between-manoeuvre evaluation . 325 Manoeuvre repeatability . 325 Maximum number of manoeuvres . 326 Test result selection . 326 Other derived indices . 326 FEVt .................................................................. 326 Standardisation of FEV1 for expired volume, FEV1/FVC and FEV1/VC.................... 326 FEF25–75% .............................................................. 326 PEF.................................................................. 326 Maximal expiratory flow–volume loops . 326 Definitions. 326 Equipment . 327 Test procedure . 327 Within- and between-manoeuvre evaluation . 327 Flow–volume loop examples. 327 Reversibility testing . 327 Method . -
Influence of Inhalation/Exhalation Ratio and of Respiratory
sustainability Article Slow-Paced Breathing: Influence of Inhalation/Exhalation Ratio and of Respiratory Pauses on Cardiac Vagal Activity Sylvain Laborde 1,2,* , Maša Iskra 1, Nina Zammit 1, Uirassu Borges 1,3, Min You 4, Caroline Sevoz-Couche 5 and Fabrice Dosseville 6,7 1 Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany; [email protected] (M.I.); [email protected] (N.Z.) 2 UFR STAPS, EA 4260 CESAMS, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France 3 Department of Health & Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; [email protected] 4 UFR Psychologie, EA3918 CERREV, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France; [email protected] 5 INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Sorbonne Université, 75000 Paris, France; [email protected] 6 UMR-S 1075 COMETE, Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France 7 INSERM, UMR-S 1075 COMETE, 14000 Caen, France; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-221-49-82-57-01 Abstract: Slow-paced breathing has been shown to enhance the self-regulation abilities of athletes via its influence on cardiac vagal activity. However, the role of certain respiratory parameters (i.e., inhalation/exhalation ratio and presence of a respiratory pause between respiratory phases) still needs to be clarified. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the influence of these respiratory Citation: Laborde, S.; Iskra, M.; parameters on the effects of slow-paced breathing on cardiac vagal activity. A total of 64 athletes Zammit, N.; Borges, U.; You, M.; (27 female; Mage = 22, age range = 18–30 years old) participated in a within-subject experimental Sevoz-Couche, C.; Dosseville, F. -
Assessment of Orofacial Myofunctional Profiles of Undergraduate Students in the United States
University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) Spring 5-9-2020 Assessment of Orofacial Myofunctional Profiles of Undergraduate Students in the United States Rachel Yockey Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons Recommended Citation Yockey, Rachel, "Assessment of Orofacial Myofunctional Profiles of Undergraduate Students in the United States" (2020). Honors Theses. 1406. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/1406 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ASSESSMENT OF OROFACIAL MYOFUNCTIONAL PROFILES OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES by Rachel A. Yockey A thesis submitted to the faculty of The University of Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College. Oxford May 2020 Approved by _________________________________ Advisor: Dr. Myriam Kornisch _________________________________ Reader: Dr. Toshikazu Ikuta _________________________________ Reader: Dr. Hyejin Park 2 © 2020 Rachel A. Yockey ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Myriam Kornisch, for her continuous support throughout this process. It has been an honor to work with you and I could not have done it without your guidance. Thank you for always believing in me. To my readers, Dr. Toshikazu Ikuta and Dr. Hyejin Park, I want to thank you for your valued input and time.