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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -ミルスペース 080523- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - [Virtual Library] HP http://www.space-library.com ミルスペース 080516 をアーカイブにアップ DefenseNews 080505, SatelliteFlyer 080515,080508,080501, SpaceObserver 080515,080508,080501, AW&ST080512, AIAA AerospaceAmerica 0805, James A. Lewis: Space and National Security 2007.11 (E=J)版を アップ。 [謝辞] 航空図書館より Military Technology 08.05 寄贈、感謝。 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2008/5/21 20:55 【Technobahn】 ハッブル宇宙望遠鏡のニッケル水素電池モジュール 画像は年後半に予定されているスペースシャトル「アトランティス 果たしてこれらの部品交換作業というのはどれほど容易なものなのだろ （STS-125）」によるハッブル宇宙望遠鏡(HST)延命ミッションで交換予 うか？ NASA はスペースシャトルによる有人宇宙ミッションを何度も繰 定の HST 用ニッケル水素電池モジュール。もちろん、汎用製品ではなく 返してきた実績があるが、今回予定されている HST 延命ミッションはそ HST 専用として開発が行われたもの。写真に写っているバッテリモジュー の難易度から考えると過去のミッション中で最も難しく、また危険度の ルは奥行 91cm、幅 81cm、高さ 28cm、重さは約 200 キロ！もある。 高いもの。 バッテリ容量は 75A（1h）、出力は 24V。HST は単純に考えれば、巨大 なデジカメであり、NASA では普通のデジカメ用バッテリの 2000 倍の出 力を持っていると考えれば判り易いだろうと説明している。HST は日中、 太陽光照射を受けている間は太陽電池パネルを使って給電。反対に 夜間は日中、充電した電力を使ってコンピュータなどの機器に電力を 供給する。 しかし、HST は 1990 年 4 月にスペースシャトル「ディスカバ リー」で軌道上に放出。以降、実に 17 年間にも渡って運用が継続され てきたこともあり、バッテリなどの基幹部品は既に耐久年数を超過。そ のため、最近では、日中に充電する電力量を厳密にカウントしながら、 バッテリ劣化を最低限度に抑え充電、給電を繰返すことを行ってきた。 まず、人工衛星の部品交換は非常に緻密な作業が要求される。画 求められた。今回の HST 延命ミッションの場合は緊急避難用の ISS と 像右は、地上に設置された HST シミュレータを使ったバッテリ交換演習 軌道高度が異なるという問題を抱えており、運用上、かなりの綱渡りが の模様を撮影したもの。画像に写っているミッション・スペシャリストはこ 要求される極めて危険なミッション。この HST 延命ミッション、当初は 8 の作業を無重力宇宙空間でしかも宇宙服を着て行うことが要求される。 月 28 日打上げを予定していたが、外部燃料タンクの生産遅延から、 また、そもそも HST は 600 キロという軌道高度に位置しており、スペース 10月8日まで延期になる可能性が高まっている。 シャトルが一般ミッションで到達する国際宇宙ステーション(ISS)の軌道 高度となる 400 キロよりも 200 キロも高い高度まで上昇する必要がある。 スペースシャトルは打上げ時の問題から下部の耐熱パネルが剥離し易 いという構造上の欠陥を持っており、コロンビア事故以降は、事故調査 委員会の勧告に従って、軌道上まで上昇した際には ISS から機体全 面をデジタルカメラで撮影し詳細分析を行って耐熱パネル剥離が生じ ていないかを点検。問題発見された際は、修理可能な場合は船外活 動で修理を行い、修理不可能の場合は ISS に留まり、別のスペースシ ャトルによる救出ミッションが来るまで待つという運用規則を守ることが http://www.technobahn.com/cgi-bin/news/read2?f=200805212055&page=2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2008/5/21 15:53 【Technobahn】 1 ボーイング、ATL アドバンスト戦術レーザ兵器の地上発射実験に初成功 ボーイング社は 19 日、C-130H 輸送機に搭載予定の高度戦術レーザ ミサイルなどを用いた目標破壊の場合、例えばテロリストによって爆発 ー兵器（ATL: Advanced Tactical Laser）の地上発射実験に初成功 物を搭載したトラックを砲撃した場合、着弾による衝撃によりトラックの した。ATL 発射実験は今月 13 日、米ニューメキシコ州カートランド空 ガソリンが爆発を起こし、トラックを運転していたテロリストや付近に居た 軍基地で実施され、ATL は高出力化学レーザ発射実験に成功。ボ 無関係な人まで巻き添えにするコラテラル・ダメージ（目標破壊に伴う 社は昨年、研究所実験施設内で ATL 発射実験を行い、成功を収め 副次的損失）を回避することはできなかった。しかし、目標だけをピンポ ていたが、現実環境に即した屋外での発生実験を行ったのは今回が イントで無力化できるレーザー兵器が実用化された場合にはこうしたコ 初。今後、ボ社は今回屋外での発生実験に成功した ATL を ATL 用 ラテラル・ダメージを大幅に減少させることが可能になると開発を主導し 精密射撃誘導装置と共に C-130H 輸送機に搭載、飛行中航空機か ている米国防総省は説明。 ら遠隔地の目標の精密射撃実験を行う予定。従来の弾丸、ロケット、 上画像は ATL の運用例の想像図。 http://www.technobahn.com/cgi-bin/news/read2?f=200805211553&photo=zoom - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2008年5月22日 人民網日本語版 JAXA、震災前と後を衛星画像で比較 北京時間5月12日午後2時28分、四川省ブン川県でマグニチュー 今回の観測は北川県を中心に行われ、北京時間 18 日午前 11 時 ド(M)8.0 の地震が発生。宇宙航空研究開発機構（JAXA）は 19 日、 49 分にデータを取得した。画像比較を通じ今回の地震による北川県 陸域観測技術衛星 (ALOS)で観測した画像を同ウェブサイトに掲載。 災害状況が確認できる。(編集 KA) 2 写真（１）：ALOS による観測画像。黄色で囲った部分が重点観測地域。 写真（２）：地震後に曲山鎮が土砂に埋もれた様子。 写真（３）：地震後に道路や橋が損壊した様子。 http://j.peopledaily.com.cn/2008/05/22/jp20080522_88592.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 080522 読売 夕刊 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 平成20年5月20日 jaxa.jp プレスリリース 陸域観測技術衛星「だいち」（ALOS）搭載の L バンド合成開口レーダ（PALSAR：パルサー）による 中国四川省で発生した地震に関する観測結果について 平成20年5月12日に中国四川省で発生したマグニチュードM8.0の 実施。本観測は、平成 20 年 2 月 17 日取得したデータと同じ軌道か 大地震に関する被害状況把握の為、宇宙航空研究開発機構 らの画像を使用し、差分干渉処理による地殻変動状況把握を実施。 （JAXA）は、5 月 20 日に陸域観測技術衛星「だいち」（ALOS）搭載の 当日、だいちは地方の中心都市（綿陽市、徳陽市）を見ながら南から Ｌバンド合成開口レーダ（PALSAR：パルサー）による現地緊急観測を 北に向かって飛行し、平野部から山岳地帯にかけて観測（図 1）。 【図 1：全体図】 3 【図 2】 左：PALSAR 差分干渉画像 右：地震後南北 700km 画像 図 2 左は地震前後を比較した差分干渉処理画像、右は南北 700km ぞれ約 150km、120km 離れた都市で、この画像からは断層（図中黒 にわたる地震後の画像を示したもの。綿陽市、徳陽市は震源からそれ 線）南側で 50-60cm 地面が衛星に向かって近付いている（地殻変 4 動）ことがわかります。 （注）変動周期（11.8cm）が 4 もしくは 5 周期確 殻変動といえる。 認できるため、11.8cm×4（もしくは 5 周期）で 47.2cm から 59cm の地 【図 3】 南北 200km×東西 75km 干渉画像（拡大図） 図中黒線は断層 断層近傍約 200km×75km を拡大したものが図 3 で、断層運動によ 北に目玉状の変動縞が分布することがわかります（図中白丸）。更にこ る変動の様子をより細かく把握する事が可能。最も変動が大きいと思 の変動は断層から約 100km 北まで続きます。今回の地震で大きな地 われる断層直上、またその近傍では、変動が大きすぎて検出できませ 殻変動が生じたことが衛星観測から確認できました。JAXA では今後 んでしたが，その領域の北側には衛星から遠ざかる変動があること，南 も「だいち」による被災地観測を継続して実施予定。 http://www.jaxa.jp/press/2008/05/20080520_daichi_j.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2008 年 5 月 20 日 人民網日本語版 国内外の多機関が衛星データ・技術を無償で提供 民政部公式サイトによると、5 月 12 日の四川省ブン川県のマグニチュ た国家災害防止センタは速やかに国内体制を発動し、北京宇視藍 ード 8.0 の地震に対応するため、国家災害防止センタは現在までに累 図情報技術有限公司、北京同天視地空間技術有限公司、台湾 計11カ国の19衛星からのデータを手に入れている。これらデータには 災害防止・救助科学技術センタ、中国資源衛星応用センタ、北京 「自然または人為的災害時における宇宙設備の調和された利用を達 博思科空間情報技術有限公司、北京天目創新科学技術有限公 成するための協力に関する憲章」（通称「国際災害チャータ」）体制に 司、国家基礎地理信息中心といった多くの機関から無償で数多くの 基づき日本や米、ナイジェリア、英、仏、独、カナダの宇宙開発関連機 衛星・航空画像を獲得している。こうした衛星データを基に、中国科 関7カ国の衛星映像が含まれている。また独宇宙航空局はインフォテ 学アカデミーの地理科学と資源研究所、北京師範大学といった多くの ラ（InfoTerra）社と協力し数多くの高解像度衛星画像を提供した。ま 機関が国家災害防止センタに協力しデータ処理や情報分析、被災 5 状況、リスク評価などを実施し、被災状況のリモートモニタリングのため に強力な技術的サポートを提供している。（編集 YH） http://j.peopledaily.com.cn/2008/05/20/jp20080520_88461.html - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Published: May 16, 2008 at 9:35 PM upi.com BMD 弾道ミサイル防衛ウォッチ： 日本は宇宙政策を変更 BMD Watch: Japan changes space policy By MARTIN SIEFF UPI Senior News Analyst WASHINGTON, May 16 (UPI) -- The Japanese Parliament space policy in the future with the education, space and Tuesday formally agreed to permit the deployment of space technology ministries sidelined to provide only input. And with surveillance satellites as part of the country's ballistic missile the whole Japanese Cabinet now designated by the legislation to defense program. As we noted earlier this month in these carry the responsibility of making space policy collectively, the columns, that decision marks a highly important reversal of more three old civilian ministries now will be outweighed by the heavy than a half-century of Japanese policy refusing to contemplate clout of Japan's Defense Ministry, which only last year was taking any action to militarize space. The Diet, the lower and upgraded from agency status to having its own Cabinet minister. main house of the Japanese Parliament, formally approved the As expected, the ruling Liberal Democratic Party of Prime legislation that will remove exclusive control of space policy from Minister Yasuo Fukuda easily carried the legislation through the the country's Technology, Space and Education ministries. Space Diet, supported by its coalition ally Komeito and the main policy will now be shaped by the entire Cabinet, the legislation opposition group, Minshuto -- the Democratic Party. Only the says. Significantly, it also included a provision to set up a space Communists and some pacifist members of the Parliament voted policy task force that will report directly to the prime minister. against the legislation. Effectively, that will be the thriving center that shapes national http://www.upi.com/International_Security/Industry/Analysis/2008/05/16/bmd_watch_japan_changes_space_policy/5703/ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - May 14, 2008 The Japan Times 宇宙防衛は非軍事のプロジェクト予算を削減する理由にはならない、日本の宇宙基本法に関連して Space defense no reason to ax gentler projects By ROWAN HOOPER For a country with a constitution "forever renouncing war" With North Korea testing ballistic missiles in Japanese airspace, I (Article 9), Japan spends an awful lot of money on its military. In have some sympathy with the Japanese desire for technology of 2005 it was the fifth largest military spender in the world. And this kind. now there is the unsettling news that Japan is expanding its But it seems that missile defense is not the top priority when the powerful self-defense capability into space. new bill is passed. The bill will allow Japan to develop space "in A bill allowing the use of space for defense purposes looks ways to contribute to its national security" - in other words, to certain to be passed during the current session of the Diet. My develop spy satellites. I'm actually surprised Japan doesn't first thought on this was that Japan wanted a sort of "Star already have spy satellites, when it has so many other kinds of Wars" defense system like that envisaged by former U.S. satellites already orbiting the planet.（後略） President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s, and that indeed is what the Japanese Communist Party fears and one of the reasons they voted against the bill last week. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Published: May 16, 2008 at 9:35 PM upi.com ULA は SBIRS の打上げ契約を獲得 ULA wins SBIRS launch contract 6 United Launch Alliance has won a deal to fire the U.S. Air system is currently scheduled to be launched into space Force's strategically crucial Space Based Infrared Systems between December 2010 and March 2011. According to the Geo-2 satellite into space, Satellite Today announced Friday. Satellite Today report, citing a ULA announcement, the SBIRS The SBIRS program is regarded as crucial to give adequate systems will be carried into orbit on a ULA Atlas 5 booster. An warning of threatening ballistic missile launches against the earlier SBIRS spacecraft is due to be fired into orbit late next United States or its allies anywhere in the world. It also will year, the report said. The Geo-2 satellite will be launched into provide essential
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    International Astronautical Federation International Institute of Space Law 8-10 rue Mario Nikis 8-10 rue Mario Nikis UNITED NATIONS 75735 Paris, Cedex 15, France 75735 Paris, Cedex 15, France Tel: +33 1 45 67 42 60 Fax: +33 1 42 73 21 20 Tel: +33 1 45 67 42 60 Fax: +33 1 42 73 21 20 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS Website: www.iafastro.com Website: www.iafastro-iisl.com Highlights in Space 2007 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation and the International Institute of Space Law The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (OOSA) is responsible for promoting international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space and assisting developing countries in using space science and technology. United Nations publication ISBN: 978-92-1-101161-6 United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs Sales No. E.08.I.7 P.O. Box 500, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26060-4950, Fax: (+43-1) 26060-5830 ST/SPACE/37 E-mail: [email protected] V.07-88046—January 2008—890 Website: www.unoosa.org UNITED NATIONS OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT VIENNA Highlights in Space 2007 Prepared in cooperation with the International Astronautical Federation and the International Institute of Space Law Progress in space science, technology and applications, international cooperation and space law UNITED NATIONS New York, 2008 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No.: E.08.I.7 ISBN 978-92-1-101161-6 ST/SPACE/37 This document has not been formally edited.
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    Space Policies, Issues and Trends in 2007/2008

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