BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES OF AUTHORS

Evangelos Kofos is currently Special Adviser on Balkan affairs at the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP), Athens and member of the Scientific Committee of KEMIT (Thessaloniki). In 1995, he was appointed Visiting Fellow on Greek Studies at Brasenose College, Oxford. Prior to this, he served for many years at the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs as Special Consultant on Balkan Affairs with the rank of ambas- sador. He holds a Ph.D. in History from Birkbeck College, University of London, and an M.A. in International Relations from Georgetown University, Washington D.C. He is the author of a considerable number of books and essays on Greek and Balkan issues. Two of his books (Greece and the Eastern Crisis, 1875-1878, and The History of the Macedonian Question [in Greek],) have received Academy of Athens awards. In 1999 the President of the Hellenic Republic awarded him with the Golden Cross of the Order of Phoenix.

Haralambos Kondonis is an Acting Director - Expert in Working Table I on Democratisation and Human Rights at the Stability Pact for S/E Europe Secretariat, in Brussels. Within the Pact, he focuses on issues of cross-border co-operation for consistency reasons, local democracy, inter-ethnic relations and education in S/E Europe. In addition, he is currently a Research 352 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

Fellow at the Greek Diplomatic Academy, Research Associate at ELIAMEP in Athens, and Senior Research Fellow at the South East European Research Centre of Sheffield University. He is also member of the International Association for the Study of Forced Migration (IASFM) in The Hague. Before joining the Pact, he worked as Special Advisor at the Greek Foreign Ministry’s Department of Hellenic Aid, was a member of the Balkan Task Force of the Greek Foreign Ministry, a Special Advisor to the Chairman of SP-WT I, and a Humanitarian Officer in the Greek Liaison Office in Skopje. As advisor and observer, he has participated in 26 OSCE/ODIHR election missions in Eastern Europe, South East Europe and the Caucasus. Previously, he was a Research Assistant at the London School of Economics. He has published numerous academic articles in journals and books in UK, USA, Canada, Italy, Yugoslavia and Greece. He studied International Relations (LSE/ Ph.D.), European Politics (Reading, UK/ M.A.), and Political Science (Athens/ B.A.).

Christos Nikas was born and lives in Thessaloniki. He is a graduate of the Economics Department of the Graduate Industrial School of Thessaloniki (now University of Macedonia). His graduate degrees include a Diploma and a Master of Advanced European Studies (College of Europe, Bruges, Belgium) and a Ph.D. in Economics (University of York, U.K.). His studies were supported by scholarships awarded to him by Greek and foreign institutions. He worked as Research Fellow and taught in the U.K. and Greece. He has also held the position of advisor on European issues for the Municipality of Neapolis (Thessaloniki, Greece). He is currently an assistant professor of International Economics and European Economic Integration at the Department of Balkan Studies, University of Western Macedonia and a visiting professor Biographical Notes 353 at the Economics department of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. He is also a research consultant for the International Organization for Migration. He has specialised in International Economics and European Economic Integration. His current research interests include the economic relations between Greece and the other Balkan countries, migration and the recent economic history of Greece.

Despina Syrri was Director of Research at the Immigration Policy Institute in Greece, and has been involved in projects with the Refugee Studies Centre, Oxford. She cooperated with the Berlin Migration Netzwerk and the EastWest Institute on issues of cross border cooperation, migration and euroregions. Moreover, she has taught Political Science and Political Anthropology at the American College in Thessaloniki (ACT). Syrri studied Philosophy at the Aristotle University Thessaloniki, and undertook postgraduate studies in Ancient Political Philosophy at the University of Grenoble and Development at the International Relations Institute, Panteion University, Athens. Currently, she is a Ph.D. candidate in the Sociology Department at the University of Sheffield , working on the role of international non-state actors, multi-level governance and borders in SEE. In particular, her research interests include complex emergencies, human rights, conflict resolution, democratization, migration and development; she worked with IOs and NGOs from 1988 to today in Southern Africa, East Europe and South East Europe, as well as election observation missions with the OSCE. She is also a founding member of the Greek NGO Humanitarian Defence, member of the International Council of Museums, member of the International Association for the Study of Forced Migration, and member of the Economic Task Force of the Prespa Cross-Border Region. Has published several articles in both Greek and English. 354 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

Aristotle Tziampiris is Lecturer in International Relations at the Department of International and European Studies of the University of Piraeus. He is member of the Scientific Council of the Defense Analysis Institute (IAA—Athens, Greece) and Research Associate at the Hellenic Foundation for European and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP—Athens, Greece). He is the author of Greece, European Political Cooperation and the Macedonian Question (Aldershot: Ashgate Press, 2000), International Relations and the Macedonian Question (Athens: ELIAMEP, 2003—in Greek) and of Kosovo’s Endgame: Sovereignty and Stability in the Western Balkans (forthcoming). He has published a series of essays on international relations and Greek foreign policy in the Balkans.

Vlasis Vlasidis is a Lecturer at the Department for Balkan Studies, University of Western Macedonia, Greece. He has held the position of Head of the Documentation Department of Macedonian Press Agency, and Director of the Research Centre of the Museum for Macedonian Struggle, in Thessaloniki, Greece. He graduated from the History Department of the Philosophy Faculty of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and holds an M.A. and Ph.D. degree from the same department on Contemporary History. He has also been awarded many scholarships. In 2001 he was fellow of the German Marshall Fund of the United States. He has published several articles on the history of the Balkans and on the Balkan mass media in academic journals. He is also member of the editorial board of www.macedonian-heritage.gr . Biographical Notes 355

Nikolaos Zaikos is Lecturer of International Law at the Department of Balkan Studies, University of Western Macedonia, Florina. He is Alternate Member of the United Nations Sub- Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in Geneva, Switzerland, as well as External Associate at the Institute of International Public Law and International Relations in Thessaloniki. He has taught at the University of Macedonia (Thessaloniki), at the Supreme Interdisciplinary War School (Thessaloniki), at the National School of Public Administration and at the American College of Thessaloniki (ACT). His publications in Greek include: The Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or between International Organizations (1998), The International Law Commission of the United Nations – A Contribution to the Study of the Codification and the Progressive Development of International Law (2002), Introduction to the Law of Diplomatic and Consular Relations (2004), in cooperation with Ms P. Naskou-Perraki. He is also the author of many published articles on issues relating to International Law. INDEX

A “Allied Harmony” 78 Academy of Arts and Sciences Alpha Credit Bank 111 (MANU) 242, 245 “Amber Fox” 79 Achilles 159 American College of Thessaloniki 105 Aegean Macedonia [Greek Angelopoulos K.I. 186 Macedonia] 306, 309, 310 Annan Kofi 153 Afganistan 174 Antonovski Zoran 267 Africa 155 Antypas Yannis 186 Agios Germanos 340 Apostolidis Lucas 62 Agora horis Synora 216 Arachinovo 63 Agreement for the Exchange of Archdiocese of Ohrid 197 Classified Military Intelligence 49 Armenians 269 Agreement on a Five-Year Arsovski Ljubco 233 Development Co-operation Archbishop of Athens and All Greece Programme 50 Christodoulos 282, 283 Agreement on Military Cooperation Archbisopric of Ohrid 299, 301, 303 49 Aridaia 199, 336 Agreement on the Participation of Aristotle 159 Greece and FYROM in the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Multinational Peace Support 69, 188, 192, 342 Operations Training Centre 49 Asia 302, 307 Ahmeti Ali 250 “Association of Aegean Ajanovski Zlatko 257 Macedonians” 267 Al Qaeda 170 “Association of Child Refugees from Albania 37, 50, 63, 69, 97, 107, 117, the Aegean Part of Macedonia” 167, 171, 205, 206, 279, 287, 305, 268, 269 334, 335, 336, 338, 339 “Association of Exiled Aegean Albanian region 163 Macedonians” 268 Albanians ethnic 17, 156, 171, 203, “Association of Macedonians from 207, 211, 238, 239, 242 the Aegean Part of Macedonia” Alexander I the Philhellene 302 263, 268, 284, 285 Alexander the Great 193, 209, 302, Association for Democracy in the 307 Balkans 322 358 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

Athanassopoulos Theodoros 263 Black Sea Economic Co-operation Athenian Breweries Co. 111 (BSEC) 43 Athens 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 45, 46, 47, Blagoevgrad 131 48, 56, 58, 59, 64, 65, 69, 75, 80, 86, Bogomils 299 134, 136, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, Boskovski Ljube 64 153, 157, 158, 160, 161, 166, 168, Bosnia-Herzegovina 50, 63, 114, 170, 169, 170, 174, 185, 186, 189, 199, 255 204, 205, 208, 211, 213, 228, 229, Britain 188 230, 231, 232, 235, 244, 245, 248, Brussels 75 273, 278, 284, 317 Bucharest 64 Athens International Airport 266 Bujanovac 162 Athens University see University of Bulgaria 37, 50, 78, 93, 94, 105, 107, Athens 131, 167, 243, 187, 290, 295, 304, Australia 194, 195, 197 305, 308, 334 Autocephalous Macedonian Bulgarians ethnic 132 Orthodox Church 196 Bush George Sr. 197 Avramopoulos Dimitris 181 Byzantine Empire 299 Axios 175 Byzantines 298, 299, 303, 315

B C Babchor 309 Canada 97, 197 Balkanbrew Holding Ltd 110 CARDS programme 114, 342 Balkan Bear Conservation Network Casule Slobodan 248, 249, 250 335 Central Macedonia 62 Balkan Large Carnivore Conservation Centre for Democracy and Network 335 Association in South-Eastern ‘Balkan Neighbours’ 254 Europe 333 Balkans 14, 49, 55, 60, 68, 76, 112, Centre for Inter-Balkan Cooperation 138, 143, 151, 163, 168, 170, 196, 337, 343 202, 211, 278, 279, 290, 318, 324, Centre for International Cooperation 345, 347 (MICIC) 327 Bandouna Christina 206 “Central Organisational Committee for Beglitis Panos 175 Macedonian Human Rights” 310 Bekon 277 Chams 171 Belasica 336 Chysochoidis Michalis 64 Belgrade 14, 65 Church of Greece 196, 197, 198 Berovo 307 Church of Skopje 167 Birlik 256 City Liberal Studies 105 Bitola 64, 68, 109, 264, 284, 336, 337, Civil War see Greek Civil War 340, 342, 343 Clinton Bill 153, 161 Bitola Youth Cultural Association Coalition of the Left and the Progress 340 (SYN) 178, 179, 180 Index 359

Cologne 83 Donevski Georgi 268 Communist Party of Greece (KKE) Donski Aleksandar 268 177, 179, 180 Draft Agreement on Air Transport "Concordia" 78 65,Drosinis Yoryos 157 Conflict Studies Research Centre 171 Constitutional Court 27 E Constitution of FYROM 32, 33 EastWest Institute 336, 337 Convention on Consular Relations 48 Ecumenical Patriarchate see Cold War 255 Oecumenical Patriarchate Couloumbis Theodoros 142, 151, 344 Edessa 103, 273, 309 Council of Europe 42, 79, 80, 154, Educational Council FYROM 288 155, 259, 272, 336, 337 ELAS see Greek People’s Liberation Copenhagen 214 Army (ELAS) Crete 278, 280 ELIAMEP 10, 11, 142 Croatia 75, 255 Entente 308 Cross Border Cultural Exchange 340 Epirus 191 Crvenkovski Stevo 21, 27 “Essential Harvest” 78 Crvenkovski Branko 70, 166, 174, 250, “Ethnic Bulgarians” see Bulgarians 251 ethnic Cultural Caravan 340 “Ethnic Macedonians” see Cultural Exchange of Women Macedonians ethnic Network 340 Europe 14, 15, 94, 290 Cultural Triangle of Prespa 339 European Agency for Reconstruction Cyril 299 114 Cyprus 107, 207 European Centre for Public Law 330 European Community 126, 128, 153 D European Council of Foreign Damanaki Maria 180 Ministers 127, 128, 134 Danube 304 European Court of Justice 80 Dayton Agreement (or Accord) 58, European Declaration of Bologna 85, 149, 162 342 De Haan L. 112 European Declaration on Minority Debar 299 Languages and Religions 80 Deljan 299 European Monetary Union 280 Democratic Army of Greece 306 European Parliament 155, 275 “Dignity” 268, 284 European Perspective 330, 331, 332 DIKKI 178 European Stability Initiative (ESI) Dimitrov Aleksandar 278, 337 346 Dimitrov Dimitar 285 European Union 35, 36, 43, 44, 63, Dnevnik 257, 259, 268, 286, 316 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 82, 84, 86, Doctors of the World 330, 332 89, 90, 100, 111, 114, 118, 122, 150, Doirani 69, 264, 336 154, 155, 157, 163, 164, 166, 170, 360 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

187, 214, 231, 236, 242, 244, 248, 141, 143, 144, 146, 147, 148, 150, 266, 272, 278, 281, 288, 310, 311, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 340, 347 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 164, 166, Evans Gareth 170 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 177, Evert Miltiadis 141 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 189, 190, 192, 194, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, F 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, Federal Socialist Republic of 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, Yugoslavia (FSRY), (see 218, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, Yugoslavia) 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 238, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 50, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 66, 239 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 253, Festival of Prespa 340 254, 255, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, Filiki Etairia 304 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 274, Flaka e Valezarimit 256, 258 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, Florina 10, 199, 200, 208, 264, 309, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 292, 300, 337, 340, 342 306, 310, 311, 312, 313, 316, 317, Florina Municipal Agency for Social 318, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, Development 69 326, 327, 330, 331, 332, 334, 335, Florina Primary Education 336, 337, 338, 339, 341, 343, 345, Department 69 346 Foundation Horizons 332 Framework Agreement for the G Protection of Ethnic Minorities 80, General Secretariat for the Press and France 97, 188 Information 184 Frckovski Ljubomir 151, 153, 230, Germany 94 231, 233, 235, 267 Gevgeli 68, 109, 336 FYROM [Former Yugoslav Republic Gil-Romples Alvaro 80, of Macedonia], see also "Socialist Gligorov Kiro 58, 139, 152, 153, 157, Republic of Macedonia] 9, 10, 11, 159, 161, 170, 190, 227, 228, 230, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 232, 234, 240, 270, 271, 278, 280, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 281, 315 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, Georgievski Ljubco 154, 159, 161, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 162, 165, 166, 174, 230, 237, 241, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70, 249, 337 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, Gerovski Branko 316 81, 82, 83, 85, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, Glas Javnosti 281 97, 98, 99, 100, 103, 104, 105, 106, Gnorizo tin Ellada 181 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, ‘Gorna Makedonija’ 166, 185, 240 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, “Governorate General of 121, 122, 125, 126, 128, 129, 132, Macedonia” (Greek Macedonia) 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 139, 140, 191 Index 361

‘Greater Albania’ 164 176, 180, 193, 194, 195, 202, 216, ‘Greater Bulgaria’ 165 217 ‘Greater Macedonia’ 160 Greek Ministry of Culture 340 Greece 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, Greek Ministry of Economy and 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, Finance 51, 328, 345 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 48, Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs 50, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 156, 167, 169, 233, 328, 345 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70, Greek Ministry of National Defense 71, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 85, 62, 203 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, 97, 98, 100, 103, Greek People’s Liberation Army 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, (ELAS) 295, 306 112, 113, 114, 117, 118, 119, 120, Greek Orthodox Church 283 121, 122, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, Greek Parliament 16, 51, 67, 71, 77, 132, 133, 138, 139, 142, 144, 146, 140, 156, 158, 177 147, 149, 151, 152, 154, 156, 157, Greek Press Office or Bureau 11, 154 158, 160, 162, 164, 165, 167, 168, Gropas Maria 11 169, 170, 171, 172, 177, 178, 180, GTZ 340 181, 182, 184, 185, 186, 190, 192, 194, 195, 196, 198, 199, 200, 201, H 203, 206, 207, 208, 211, 212, 213, Hadjinski Blagoj 159, 234, 235 214, 215, 218, 225, 226, 229, 232, Halkidiki 105 234, 235, 236, 239, 241, 243, 244, Hasanovic Fuad 49 247, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, Hellenic Biscuit Co. SA 111 260, 261, 262, 264, 265, 266, 267, Hellenic Bottling Co. 111 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, Hellenic Foundation for European 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, and Foreign Policy (ELIAMEP) 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, see ELIAMEP 289, 295, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310, Hellenic Petroleum 110 311, 312, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, Hellenic Plan for the Economic 320, 321, 322, 323, 327, 328, 330, Reconstruction of the Balkans 331, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, (Hellenic Plan) 50, 51, 66, 67, 119, 342, 344, 345, 346 122, 331, 345 Greek Association of Police Officers Hellenic Republic 23 (see also 64 Greece) Greek Civil War 13, 273, 306, 309 Hellenic Telecommunications (OTE) Greek Constitution 26, 80 91, 108, 110, 111 Greek Diaspora 130, 172 Hellenic Tourism Organisation Greek Government 16, 134, 150, 246 (EOT) 104 Greek Helsinki Monitor 269 Hellexpo TIF 263 Greek Macedonian Diaspora 127, Helsinki Citizens Assembly 321 193, 217 Helsinki Final Act 31 Greek Macedonians 131, 132, 173, Holderbank 110 362 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

"House of Macedonian Culture" 200, 170, 171, 172, 173, 241, 242, 243, 271 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 251 Humanitarian Aid Association Office International Development 330 Cooperation Department 332, 333, Humanitarian Defence 332 345 Hungarian Telecommunications International Helsinki Federation for Organisation 107 Human Rights 269 Hungary 107 International Monetary Fund 119, 154 Huntigton Samuel 129 International Olympics Committee 154 I International Research and Exchange Ilinden Uprising 301, 307 Board (IREX) 259 Imia issue 148 Interbalkan Cooperation Centre 340 Institute for Democracy, Solidarity Interreg 114 and Civil Society 286 Ioannina 264 Institute for International Relations Ionian University 192 (IDIS) 142 Institute for International Social J Affairs 330 Janus 16 Institute for War and Peace Jugotutun 111 Reporting 254 Interim Accord 9, 10, 15, 16, 21, 22, K 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, Kaklikis Georgios 281 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 45, 46, Karamanlis Constantine 60, 128, 129, 49, 50, 51, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 64, 71, 135, 179 72, 73, 74, 78, 85, 89, 90, 93, 94, Kapniki A. Mihailidis 111, 277 107, 115, 121, 122, 125, 133, 134, Karpos 299 136, 137, 138, 139, 144, 145, 146, Kartalis Yannis 157, 162, 166 147, 149, 151, 152, 155, 157, 160, Kastoria 309, 337, 340 162, 169, 172, 173, 174, 175, 177, Kathimerini 158, 166, 186, 190 178, 179, 182, 187, 188, 192, 193, KEMIT (see Research Centre for 194, 197, 199, 200, 205, 210, 211, Macedonian History and 212, 213, 214, 218, 225, 226, 228, Documentation) 229, 230, 231, 232, 252, 260, 261, Kerkyra 192 262, 263, 265, 271, 275, 288, 316, Kilkis 62, 64, 336 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 331, KKE see Communist Party of Greece 342, 346 Kocani Tabak 111 Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Kofos Evangelos 11, 17, 19, 21, 125, Organisation (IMRO) 301 167, 202, 351 International Court of Justice in The Kolozof Orestis 180 Hague 39 Komitopoulos David, Aaron, Moses International Crisis Group (ICG) 307 Index 363

Kondonis Haralambos 16, 17, 55, 351 Macedonia” “Republika na Konstandaras Nikos 158 Makedonija”, Greek Macedonia, Konstantopoulos Nikos 60 Socialist Republic of Macedonia) Korce 337 ‘Macedonian’ language 132 Kosovo 59, 61, 63, 66, 78, 85, 109, 114, ‘Macedonian’ minority 52, 80, 132, 136, 156, 158, 160, 162, 170, 178, 133, 262, 270, 282 179, 211, 229, 238, 279, 287, 311, ‘Macedonian’ nation 132, 182 330, 331, 332 Macedonian Press Agency 11, 177 Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) 160, “Macedonia-Skopje” 248 162 Macedonian Orthodox Church 283 Kotrotsos Seraphim 152 Macedonians ethnic 18, 132, 199, 201 Koufa Kalliopi 33 (see also Slav Macedonians) Koukouzelis Ioannis 299 Macedonians (see also Greek Koumandos Georgios 189, 190, 191 Macedonians) Koumanovo 63 Makedonija Denes 257 Kozani 337, 340, 343 “Makedonija-Skopje” 70, 185 Kozani Municipal Council 343 Makedonsko Sonce 278 Kozani Technical College 343 Makedonci 183, 184, 201 Kurds 269, Mallias Alexandros 169, 281 Kreditna Banka 111, Mamidakis 263 Kresna 307, Manaki brothers 270 Krushevo, Republic of 301, Mangov Kole 268, 284 Kyriakidis SA 111 MANU see Academy of Arts and Sciences L Marcus king 313 Laimos 337 Mavroeidis K 216 Latin America 155 Medvedije 162 League of Communists 258 Memorandum of Mutual on Co- Lexicon Translation Application S.A. operation in the Field of 11 Armaments and Defence Liaison Office 35, 45, 46, 47, 48, 57, Technology 49 78, 107, 109, 161, 282 Memorandum on Understanding and Liberal Party 316 Co-operation for Sustainable Liechtenstein 107 Development and the Lisbon 128, 134 Environment 69 Lomvardea Ekaterini 188 Mercouri Melina 276 Loverdos Andreas 49, 66 Mermeren Kombinat Prilep 111 Luxembourg 43 Meta Ilir 337 Lygeros Stavros 166, 183, 186 Methodios 299 Michas Takis 183 M Mihailidis see Kapniki Mihailidis Macedonia (see also “Republic of Miladinov brothers 304 364 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

Milo Pascal 337 145, 148, 149, 150, 157, 160, 170, Milosevic Slobodan 118, 163 176, 177, 180, 184, 185, 211, 215, Ministry of Macedonia and Thrace 226, 268 11, 191 NGOs 11, 18, 83, 86, 170, 171, 172, Ministry of Northern Greece 191 242, 318, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, Mitreva Ilinka 60, 61 325, 326, 327, 329, 330, 331, 332, Mitsotakis Konstantinos 136, 141, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 168, 179, 187, 235 340, 341, 344, 345, 347 Montenegro 163, 305 Nikas Christos 16, 49, 89, 352 “Movement for the Human Rights of Niki 263 the Macedonians” 310 Nikolakopoulos Ilias 203 MRB Hellas 202, 206 Nimetz Matthew 148, 168 MRTV 256, 258 “Northern Greek Macedonians” 18 Multinational Peace Support “Northern Macedonia” 180 Operations Training Centre 62 “Northern Makedonija” 70 Municipal Environmental Action Notebook University 343 Programme 70 Nova Makedonija 70, 130, 135, 140, Municipality of Bitola 69 166, 185 Museum for the Macedonian Struggle Nova Makedonija 24, 153, 256, 257, 9, 11 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 268, 271, Mytilinaios S.A. 277 272 “Novamakedonija” N “Novomakedonija” 142, 185, 237 Nafplio 266 Nymfaio 335 Naoussa 301 National Advisory Council for NGOs O 328 O’ Neil Robin 227 National Bank of Greece 108, 111 OAKKE 200 National Bank of the Republic of Ocalan 161 Macedonia 92, 97, 106 Odysseus 159 National Liberation Army (NLA) 164 Oecumenical Patriarchate 167, 196, NATO 42, 43, 63, 71, 77, 78, 79, 154, 197, 300, 303, 304 157, 161, 162, 166, 187, 244, 252, Office for Development Cooperation 279, 281, 310, 311 345 Network of Youth Education and Ohrid 64, 69, 303, 314, 337, 343 Training Centres 333 Ohrid Agreement 76, 164, 168, 171, New Democracy (ND) 139, 140, 177, 241, 242, 254 179, 180, 181 OKTA 110, 283 “New Macedonia” 134, 180, 186 “Old Serbia” 191 “New Makedonija” 185, 192 Olympic Games 272 New Yugoslavia 94 Onassis Cardiac Surgery Centre 147 New York 15, 21, 45, 55, 58, 125, 144, Open Society Foundation 257, 327 Index 365

Opinion 202, 203, 206 Pedagogical Institute 181 Organisation for Security and Co- Pella 199 operation in Europe (OSCE) 29, Penov Risto 316 42, 79, 84, 154, 272, 337 “Pericles Programme” 68, 343 Organisation for the Reconstruction Phare programme 74, 277, 338, 343 of the Balkans 280 Philip II 193, 270 Ortakovski Vladimir 269 Phrygians 295 Orthodox Church of Albania 197 Pieria 105 Otesevo conference 337 Pinheiro 133, 134, 135, 137 Ottoman Empire 300 Piraeus 10 Ottoman period 132 Pirin 131, 306 OTE see Hellenic PIVARA SKOPJE 110 Telecommunications Organisation Plato 159 Owen David 24, 130, 133, 134, 135, Polaris 277 136, 137, 138 Political Spring 141, 178, 179 Polozani Aziz 316 P Popovski Aleksandar 268, 269, 271, Paeonians 295 272, 284, 285 Palair Macedonia 152, 231 Poulidou Christina 160, 183, 186 PanMacedonian Association 153, 194, Pournarakis 109 195 Powell Colin 60, 249 Pangalos Thodoros 148, 150, 157, 158, Prague 252 159, 161, 178, 194, 278, 281, 284 Prekopana 309 Panteion University 142 Preshevo 162, 167, 178 Papageorgopoulos Vasilis 181 Prespa 69, 279, 337, 338, 339, 340 Papahelas Alexis 166, 169 Prespa Economic Task Force 337 Papakonstandinou Michalis 129, 135, Prespa Euroregion Initiative 343 168 Prespa International Park 69 Papandreou Andreas 58, 136, 140, Prespa Protection Society 338, 339 141, 145, 147, 177, 184, 186, 187, Prestige 340 235, 280 Prilep 299, 332, 333, 336, 337, 343 Papandreou George 60, 161, 164, 165, Protocol on Border Cooperation 64 169, 174, 178, 337 Protocol on Transport and Papasotiriou Charalambos 142 Communications 65 Papathemelis Stelios 141, 180 Protopappas Christos 53 Papazoi Elisabet 180 Ptolemaida 340 Papoulias Karolos 21, 27, 147, 261 Puls 256 Paschalidis Georgios 336 PASOK 141, 144, 148, 177, 180, 310 R Patriarchate of Serbia see Serbian Rainbow party 200, 201, 202, 264, Patriarchate 268, 271, 282, 284, 312 Pavlopoulos Prokopis 179 Razlog 307 366 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

Red Cross 264, 330 SDSM 258, 259, 268, 285, 286 Regional Development Agency 337 Second World War see World War II Regional Enterprise Support Centre Secretariat of Information 256 337, 338 Serbia 85, 162, 163, 167, 178, 243, 295, Regional Environment Centre 327 305 “Republic of Macedonia” (see also Serbian Patriarchate 167, 196, 197, “People’s Republic of 283 Macedonia”)13, 14, 23, 52, 70, 77, Serres 299 127, 129, 147, 152, 153, 154, 155, Security Council see United Nations 156, 160, 166, 168, 185, 193, 226, Security Council 227, 228, 233, 234, 235, 243, 246, Shar mountain, 131 247, 248, 251, 261, 265, 274, 275, Sidiropoulos Christos 264 286, 287, 288, 311, Simitis Kostas 58, 142, 145, 147, 148, “Republic of Macedonia (Skopje)” 149, 150, 161, 162, 165, 166, 174, 227 178, 215, 252, 278, 280, 281, 310, “Republic of Macedonia-Skopje” 159, 337 161, 249 Sioufas Dimitris 140 “Republika Makedonija” 172, 191, Skandalidis Costas 60 244, 246, 247, 248 Skopje 11, 14, 15, 17, 45, 48, 50, 56, “Republika Makedonija-Skopje” 186 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 65, 66, 69, 71, 74, Research Centre for Macedonian 75, 78, 79, 80, 86, 107, 109, 110, History and Documentation 111, 128, 133, 134, 142, 144, 145, (KEMIT) 9, 10, 146, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, Resen 337, 343 158, 160, 161, 162, 164, 166, 167, Rhodopi 334 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 178, 181, “Roes” Dance Theater 276 183, 185, 186, 190, 199, 208, 209, Roman Empire 292 217, 227, 228, 229, 230, 232, 234, Romania 50, 78 235, 236, 237, 244, 245, 248, 252, Rondos Alex 169 263, 264, 276, 281, 283, 284, 285, Rozakis Christos 30, 38, 142, 145 311, 316, 317, 327, 330 “Skopjan” Church 133 S “Skopjan Question” 133 Saint Cyril and Methodius University “Skopjans” 133, 183, 186, 207 of Skopje 237 “Skopiano” 133 Samaranch Juan Antonio 272 Slav Macedonians 59, 128, 131, 133, Samaras Andonis 127, 128, 134, 141, 152, 155, 163, 168, 169, 171, 182, 179, 187 183, 186, 190, 195, 202, 203, 211, Samuel Tsar 307 239, 242, 243, 278, 281, 289, 290, Samuel’s kingdom 298 311, 315 Santa Maria de Feira 43 Slovenia 94, 255, 288, 323 Sasa Mines 277 Society for Social and Humanitarian Schengen Agreement 65, 105, 117, 344 Aid 330 Index 367

Socialist Republic of Macedonia Theodorakis Mikis 276 (SRM), 13, 14, 127, 131, 191, 196, Thesprotia 171 226, 236, 342 Thessaloniki 9, 10, 36, 51, 65, 105, Sofia 152 110, 115, 121, 167, 180, 181, 183, Solana Javier 169 195, 204, 205, 207, 209, 262, 263, Solun 161 266, 280, 283, 298, 322, 323, 332, Someritis Richardos 183 333, 337 South East European Co-operation Thessaly 302, 304 Initiative (SEECI) 81 Thrace 191 South East European Co-operation TITAN 110 Process (SEECP) 42, 68, 81, 82 Tito 187, 196 Southeastern Europe 15 To Vima 161, 162, 165, 166, 184 Souflias Yorgos 139 Toshevski Vanja 148 Spirovski-Miki Blagoj 270 Touloumakos Ioannis 192 St. Climent Ohridski University 342 Trajanovski Aleksandar 295 Stabilisation and Association Trajkovski Boris 70, 160, 161, 240, Agreement (SAA) 75, 76, 77, 82, 244, 249 236 Treaty of Bucharest (1913) 260, 305 Stability Pact 43, 68, 69, 81, 83, 154, Treaty of Washington (1923) 33 165, 323, 337, 341, 342, 347 Tsaknias 264 State Department see United States Tsar Samuel see Samuel Tsar Department of State Tsoungarakis Dimitrios 192 Stefanopoulos Kostis 281 Turkey 78, 142, 148, 187, 205, 206, Stopanska Banka 111, 281 207, 214 Strasbourg 42 Tyrnovo 267 Strumica 70, 336 Tziampiris Aristotle 18, 167, 172, 188, Strumica Tabak 111, 277 225, 354 Strumica Theater Festival 276 Syrri Despina 16, 17, 317, 353 Y SYN see Coalition of the Left and the YDAS 328 Progress Swiss Development and Cooperation U Service 327 Ugljesa 299, 307 Switzerland 110 UNESCO 69, 173, 343 Swoboda Johannes 236 United Nations 15, 23, 28, 29, 31, 38, 58, 72, 74, 129, 133, 151, 154, 160, T 170, 184, 225, 228, 231, 244, 248, Taskovski Dragan 298 249, 264, 272, 274 Tellidis & Son 263 United Nations on the Law of the Sea Tetovo 311, 333 36 “The Sound of Myth” 276 United Nations General Assembly 34, Themata Istorias 181 153 368 Athens-Skopje: An Uneasy Symbiosis

United Nations Secretary General 21, Vienna Convention on the Law of the 153 Treaties 23 United Nations Security Council 29, Vlasidis Vlasis 11, 18, 167, 253, 354 30, 73, 126, 150, 152, 154, 159, 168 VMRO-DPMNE 59, 160, 228, 250, University of Athens 10, 142, 189, 258, 259, 268, 277, 278, 279, 285, 203, 344 286 University of Bitola 69 Vojteh 299 University of Macedonia Vukasin 299, 307 (Thessaloniki) 333, 342 United States Department of State W 153 Washington 161, 249 United States of America (USA) 15, Whitehouse Deborah 11 35, 97, 111, 122, 153, 155, 163, 164, Wilderness Fund 334 168, 184, 197, 206, 242, 309 World Bank 67, 119 United States Secretary of State 249 World Trade Organisation 112 “Upper Macedonia” 172, 173, 244, World War I 294 247 World War II 131, 136, 191, 201, 305, USAID 343 306 USJE 110 World Council of Churches 196 Utrinski Vestnik 258 WWF 338, 339

V X Vance Cyrus 21, 24, 58, 130, 133, 134, Xhaferi Arben 250 135, 136, 137, 138, 144, 148, 150, 159, 161 Y Vardar 166, 175 Yugoslavia 11, 13, 14, 17, 36, 90, 92, ‘Vardarska Banovina’ 191 94, 104, 109, 111, 114, 118, 126, Varsakelis 109 131, 134, 136, 137, 255, 305, 309, Vecer 256, 258, 259 315, 322, 325, 334, 341 Veremis Thanos 151 Vergina 269 Z Vergina sun or star 35, 57, 129, 130, Zacharakis Christos 148 229 Zaikos Nikos 16, 21, 355 Vest 258 Zito-Luks 111 Vienna 23 “Zorba the Greek” 276