DOCSLIB.ORG

Estado Actual Del Conocimiento De La Problemática

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Estado Actual Del Conocimiento De La Problemática Pérez-Iglesias, Juan Manuel 2018 DEDICATORIA A la memoria, de mi santa y querida abuela Leonor, que nos acompaña desde la gloria Eterna… 2 Pérez-Iglesias, Juan Manuel 2018 AGRADECIMIENTOS Al Señor y la Santísima Virgen por los dones y las cruces del camino, en especial la fortaleza para la perseverancia en este largo camino, A mis padres (Raúl y Delia) y a mis hermanos (José, Mari, Marcos, Agus, Mechi – autora de la carátula –, Gabi, Vicky, Nico y Santi) y sobrino (Manu) por el cariño y la paciencia a la distancia, A mi esposa, Nadia, por su compañía incondicional, amor, su fuerza, sus risas y paciencia en todo momento, en especial para las dificultades, A Marcelo y Guillermo, mis directores de tesis doctoral, por las enseñanzas a nivel profesional y personal que dejan impresas en mi vida, Al Lelo, Yaya y Leonor, mis abuelos por ser dadores de vida y las enseñanzas de vida constante, A Toni y Fini, Quique y Adriana, Patri, Laura, Raquel y P. Sergio, mis tíos y tías por sus charlas, alegrías, consejos y oraciones constantemente; a mis primos y cuñados, por las risas, alegrías y momentos de tranquilidad en la cercanía y a la distancia, A la familia política: Patri, Teo, Iván y Lore, Blado y Pao, Cintia y Daniel, Axel y Marina, Erik por su confianza y palabras de aliento en todo momento, y a los sobrinos por su cariño! A mis grandes amigos en Cristo: José Miguel, Carlitos, Jona, Juanma, Timo, Leo, Andy, Ema, Francis, Seba, Marian, Dardo, Nica, Maxi, Juan F, Adolfo, José P, Nacho, por ser cables a tierra en el mundo: con la alegría cristiana, las noches de peña, el fútbol y el paddle, las charlas, cenas y mates. Al P. Elbio, P. Eduardo, P. Leonardo, P. Juan de Dios, P. Gabriel y P. Maxi por sus oraciones, consejos y sabias palabras, A Classius y Lilian por sus consejos, alegría y en especial por su incondicional confianza y apoyo profesional y personal; al Lab. de anatomía de IBILCE-UNESP por su gran y constante ayuda Larinha, Gabi L, Juliane F y a Rodrigo Z y la galera de la Rep. Cristoval Colombo por su amistad y alegría constante. A toda la Unidad 5-CIMA (ranas), por los momentos compartidos y la pasión por las ranas! A la gente amiga del Lab. de Citología, en especial a Sonia, Celeste y Noelia por el constante ánimo, apoyo y consejos. A todos los chicos del CIMA por la compañía, en especial a la Dra. Alicia Ronco (Nina) en su memoria por sus consejos, apoyo y ayuda en las dificultades; a Damián Marino, Pablo Demetrio, Pedro Carriquiriborde, Fede Rimoldi y Leticia Peluso por su buena predisposición para resolver cualquier asunto profesional. A los profesionales del INTA: Julie Brodeur, Jimena Damonte, Belén Poliserpi y Florencia por abrir las puertas de su laboratorio para realizar mis estudios, por su excelente predisposición, calidez humana y profesional, su incansable ayuda y por la paciencia para dejarme sus enseñanzas. Y un agradecimiento a los jurados de la Tesis Doctoral: las Dras. Ana Ferrari, Marilina Fogel y Gisela Poletta, por su dedicación y tiempo para leer, estudiar y aconsejar desde las correcciones a pesar de la distancia. A los compañeros, amigos del camino y profesionales que se cruzan en este camino y siempre con la mejor predisposición ofrecen su ayuda: Leandro A, Brian Y, Javier P, Mariano M, Estefanía M y Sandra S. 3 Pérez-Iglesias, Juan Manuel 2018 INDICE ABREVIATURAS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 11 RESUMEN .................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 LISTA DE PUBLICACIONES ....................................................................................................................................................... 23 CAPÍTULO I: INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................................................... 24 1.1 El uso de herbicidas en prácticas agrícolas .......................................................................................................................... 25 1.1.1. La ―Revolución Verde‖ en el mundo .............................................................................................................................. 25 1.1.2. El nuevo modelo agrícola de plaguicidas en Argentina y la región pampeana .......................................................... 26 1.1.3. Nuevos herbicidas utilizados en prácticas agrícolas: el caso de las imidazolinonas ................................................. 29 1.1.3.1. Características generales de las imidazolinonas .................................................................................................. 29 1.1.3.2. Toxicidad de las imidazolinonas ............................................................................................................................ 32 1.1.4. Herbicida Imazetapir: características, toxicidad y genotoxicidad ................................................................................ 33 1.2. Efectos de los estresores ambientales sobre los ecosistemas ........................................................................................... 35 1.2.1. Ingreso de los estresores ambientales a los ecosistemas ........................................................................................... 35 1.2.2. Consecuencias ambientales del uso de plaguicidas en la salud humana y en la biodiversidad ............................... 38 1.2.3. Ecotoxicología como nueva ciencia: breve reseña ...................................................................................................... 40 1.3. Los anuros como modelo para la evaluación de estresores ambientales en ecotoxicología ............................................ 41 1.3.1. Pérdida de la biodiversidad mundial de anuros ............................................................................................................ 41 1.3.2. Evidencias de los efectos de estresores ambientales en anuros ................................................................................ 41 1.3.3. Anfibios como indicadores de la calidad ambiental ...................................................................................................... 42 1.3.4. Ecotoxicología de anuros en Argentina: breve reseña y nuevos objetivos ................................................................. 42 1.4. Biomarcadores como herramienta ecotoxicológica ............................................................................................................. 44 1.4.1. Concepto de biomarcadores.......................................................................................................................................... 44 1.4.2. La importancia de la correlación de biomarcadores en los diferentes niveles de organización ................................ 46 4 Pérez-Iglesias, Juan Manuel 2018 1.4.3. Los biomarcadores en especies bioindicadoras como herramientas de diagnóstico ambiental ............................... 48 1.4.4. Bioensayos como herramienta para evaluar biomarcadores ....................................................................................... 49 1.4.5. Biomarcadores de uso convencional en ecotoxicología de anfibios ........................................................................... 50 1.4.5.1. Biomarcadores a nivel de individuo ....................................................................................................................... 51 1.4.5.2. Biomarcadores a nivel histológico.......................................................................................................................... 53 1.4.5.3. Biomarcadores a nivel bioquímico ......................................................................................................................... 55 1.5. Biomarcadores de cito y genotoxicidad ................................................................................................................................ 56 1.5.1. Generalidades sobre cito y genotoxicidad .................................................................................................................... 56 1.5.2. Importancia de los estudios de cito y genotoxicidad en ecotoxicología ...................................................................... 57 1.5.3. Hematología en anfibios para evaluaciones de cito y genotoxicidad .......................................................................... 58 1.5.4. Ensayos para evaluar cito y genotoxicidad en anfibios ............................................................................................... 60 1.5.5. Nuevos objetivos en ecotoxicología y citogenética ...................................................................................................... 64 1.6. Especies seleccionadas como modelo de estudio .............................................................................................................. 66 1.6.1 Especies de estudio ........................................................................................................................................................ 66 1.6.1.1 Boana pulchella como especie de estudio ............................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PELOPHYLAX CARALITANUS” (AMPHIBIA: ANURA)’DA DNA HASARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI Selin GÜLEÇ MEDİKAL BİYOLOJİ VE GENETİK ANABİLİM DALI YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ DANIŞMAN Doç
    0 HİBERNASYONDA “PELOPHYLAX CARALITANUS” (AMPHIBIA: ANURA)’DA DNA HASARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI Selin GÜLEÇ MEDİKAL BİYOLOJİ VE GENETİK ANABİLİM DALI YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ DANIŞMAN Doç. Dr. Uğur Cengiz ERİŞMİŞ TEZ NO: 2019-002 2019 - Afyonkarahisar i TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ HİBERNASYONDA “PELOPHYLAX CARALITANUS” (AMPHIBIA: ANURA)’DA DNA HASARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI Selin GÜLEÇ MEDİKAL BİYOLOJİ VE GENETİK ANABİLİM DALI YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ DANIŞMAN Doç. Dr. Uğur Cengiz ERİŞMİŞ Bu Tez Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyonu tarafından 16.SAĞ.BİL.19 proje numarası ile desteklenmiştir. Tez No: 2019-002 AFYONKARAHİSAR-2018 i KABUL ve ONAY ii ÖNSÖZ Tez konusunun belirlenmesinde, arazi çalışmalarında ve her daim destek ve yardımını hissettiğim yüksek lisans tez danışman hocam Doç.Dr. Uğur Cengiz ERİŞMİŞ’e teşekkür ederim. Yüksek lisans öğrenciliğim boyunca yardımlarını esirgemeyen Prof. Dr. Cevdet UĞUZ, Doç. Dr. Metin ERDOĞAN, Doç. Dr. Mine DOSAY AKBULUT, Doç. Dr. Sibel GÜR hocalarıma teşekkür ederim. Tüm tez çalışmam boyunca beni hiç yalnız bırakmayan sevgili Doç. Dr. Feyza ERDOĞMUŞ hocama teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Desteklerini ve yardımlarını benden sakınmayan Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Hakan TERZİ’ye, Arş. Grv. Fadimana KAYA’ya ve Öğr. Gör. Taner YOLDAŞ’a, Pınar YOLDAŞ’a çok teşekkür ederim. Arazi çalışmalarımda ve tüm deney çalışmalarımda benimle birlikte çalışan Veteriner Hekim Ahmet KARAMAN, Veteriner Hekim Tayfun DİKMEN ve Biyolog Hasan ŞAHİN’e çok teşekkür ederim. Beni her konuda daima destekleyen, bugünlere gelmemi sağlayan ve zorlu koşullarda arkamda olduğunu bildiğim sevgili güzel ailem, canım annem Selda GÜLEÇ, canım babacığım İbrahim GÜLEÇ ve biricik kardeşim Cengiz GÜLEÇ’e sonsuz teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından 16.SAĞ.BİL.19 proje numarası ile desteklenmiştir.
    [Show full text]
  • ESTADO DE CONSERVACIÓN Y LISTA ROJA DE LOS ANFIBIOS DEL PARAGUAY Setiembre 2019
    ISSN 1680-4031 (versión impresa) ISSN 2310-4236 (versión digital) BOLETÍN 1-62 Páginas BOLETÍN del del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay CONTENIDO [Entre corchetes la fecha de publicación online de cada artículo] ESTADO DE CONSERVACIÓN Y LISTA ROJA DE LOS ANFIBIOS DEL PARAGUAY Setiembre 2019 Editorial Bolívar R. Garcete-Barrett. Estado de conservación y lista roja de los anfibios del 3 Paraguay: el primer suplemento especial del Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay en sus 38 años de existencia. [20.ix.2019] Vol. 23 (S. 1) Herpetología Martha Motte, Víctor Zaracho, Andrea Caballero-Gini, Marcela Ferreira-Riveros, 5-62 Lía Romero Nardelli, Diana Coronel-Bejarano, Flavia Netto, Alberto Carosini, Viviana Rojas, Diego Bueno, Hugo Cabral & Nicolás Martínez. Estado de conser- vación y lista roja de los anfibios del Paraguay. [20.ix.2019] Martha Motte, Víctor Zaracho, Andrea Caballero-Gini, Marcela Ferreira-Riveros, Lía Romero Nardelli, Diana Coronel-Bejarano, Flavia Netto, Alberto Carosini, Vivia- na Rojas, Diego Bueno, Hugo Cabral & Nicolás Martínez Bol. Mus. Bol. Mus. San Lorenzo ISSN 1680-4031 (versión impresa) Vol. 23 Setiembre San Lorenzo ISSN 1680-4031 (versión impresa) Vol. 23 Setiembre Nac. Hist. Nat. Páginas 1-62 Nac. Hist. Nat. Páginas 1-62 (Paraguay) ISSN 2310-4236 (versión digital) (Supl. 1) 2019 (Paraguay) ISSN 2310-4236 (versión digital) (Supl. 1) 2019 Parag. Parag. Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay Natural Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia INSTRUCCIONES PARA LOS AUTORES El Boletín del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay se publica en un volumen por año, dividido en dos números.
    [Show full text]
  • Bioaccumulation of the Pesticide Imidacloprid in Stream Organisms and Sublethal Effects on Salamanders
    Global Ecology and Conservation 24 (2020) e01292 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Global Ecology and Conservation journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/gecco Original Research Article Bioaccumulation of the pesticide imidacloprid in stream organisms and sublethal effects on salamanders * Sara M. Crayton a, , Petra B. Wood a, b, Donald J. Brown a, c, Alice R. Millikin a, Terence J. McManus d, Tyler J. Simpson e, Kang-Mo Ku e, f, Yong-Lak Park e a West Virginia University, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, Morgantown, WV, 26506, United States b U.S. Geological Survey, West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, United States c U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Parsons, WV, 26287, United States d West Virginia University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Morgantown, WV, 26506, United States e West Virginia University, Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, Morgantown, WV, 26506, United States f Chonnam National University, Department of Horticulture, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea article info abstract Article history: Neonicotinoids are one of the most widely used classes of insecticides in the world. The Received 2 December 2019 neonicotinoid imidacloprid is commonly applied to hemlock (Tsuga spp.) stands in eastern Received in revised form 22 September North America to reduce tree mortality from infestations of the invasive hemlock woolly 2020 adelgid (HWA; Adelges tsugae). While laboratory and mesocosm studies have determined Accepted 22 September 2020 that imidacloprid can bioaccumulate in anurans and cause sublethal effects, no field studies have investigated whether salamanders or insects in streams adjacent to HWA Keywords: treatments bioaccumulate imidacloprid or if sublethal effects are detectable in wild sala- Imidacloprid Bioaccumulation manders.
    [Show full text]
  • MACAGNAN.Pdf
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA FRONTEIRA SUL CAMPUS ERECHIM PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA AMBIENTAL NATANI MACAGNAN AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS LETAIS E SUBLETAIS DOS INSETICIDAS CIPERMETRINA E FIPRONIL EM GIRINOS DE PHYSALAEMUS GRACILIS (ANURA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE) ERECHIM 2018 NATANI MACAGNAN AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS LETAIS E SUBLETAIS DOS INSETICIDAS CIPERMETRINA E FIPRONIL EM GIRINOS DE PHYSALAEMUS GRACILIS (ANURA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE) Dissertação de mestrado, apresentada para o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental. Orientador(a): Marilia Teresinha Hartmann Coorientador: Paulo Afonso Hartmann ERECHIM 2018 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA FRONTEIRA SUL CAMPUS ERECHIM ERS 135 – Km 72, nº 200 CEP: 99700-970 Caixa Postal 764 Erechim – RS Brasil NATANI MACAGNAN AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS LETAIS E SUBLETAIS DOS INSETICIDAS CIPERMETRINA E FIPRONIL EM GIRINOS DE PHYSALAEMUS GRACILIS (ANURA: LEPTODACTYLIDAE) Dissertação de mestrado, apresentada para o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, como requisito para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental. Esta dissertação de mestrado foi defendida e aprovada pela banca em: ______/______/_______ BANCA EXAMINADORA ____________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Marilia Teresinha Hartmann Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – Campus Erechim – PPGCTA ____________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Paulo Afonso Hartmann Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – Campus Erechim – PPGCTA ____________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Cristiane Funghetto Fuzinatto Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – Campus Erechim ____________________________________________ Prof. Dr. André Luís de Sá Salomão Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente a Deus, por ter guiado meus passos e ter me dado a força necessária para chegar até aqui.
    [Show full text]
  • Gopherus Agassizii (Agassiz's Desert Tortoise) - Attempted Predation
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282860818 Natural History Notes: Gopherus agassizii (Agassiz's Desert Tortoise) - Attempted Predation. Article in Herpetological Review · September 2015 CITATION READS 1 189 3 authors, including: Jeremy Mack Kristin Highberg Berry United States Geological Survey United States Geological Survey 15 PUBLICATIONS 133 CITATIONS 86 PUBLICATIONS 1,875 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Short- and long-term changes in Mojave Desert vegetation after disturbance View project Conservation genetics of Gopherus View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jeremy Mack on 15 October 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. NATURAL HISTORY NOTES 407 NATURAL HISTORY NOTES CAUDATA — SALAMANDERS lodged dragonfly naiad deeper into the digestive tract. Although dragonfly naiads are very common in ponds and similar areas AMBYSTOMA VELASCI (Plateau Tiger Salamander). MORTAL- where A. velasci is present, it still remains to be studied what pro- ITY. Ambystoma velasci is a salamander endemic to Mexico, and portions of them occur in the diet of A. velasci. has been reported to feed on any vertebrates and invertebrates Special thanks are due to Efrén Hernández-Navarro and José that can possibly be swallowed (Lemos-Espinal and Dixon 2013. Antonio Corona for their assistance in the field, and to Larry Da- Amphibians and Reptiles of San Luis Potosí. Eagle Mountain vid Wilson for the improvement of this note. Publishing, LC, Eagle Mountain, Utah. 300 pp.), including con- ADRIAN LEYTE-MANRIQUE, Laboratorio de Biología, Departamento specifics (Vite-Silva et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Programmatic ALB Eradication Program Environmental Impact Statement 2015
    United States Department of Agriculture Asian Longhorned Beetle Marketing and Regulatory Eradication Program Programs Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement—September 2015 Asian Longhorned Beetle Eradication Program Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement—September 2015 Agency Contact: Jim E. Warren, Ph.D. Ecologist Policy and Program Development Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 4700 River Road, Unit 149 Riverdale, MD 20737–1238 (This page is intentionally left blank.) Non-Discrimination Policy The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) To File an Employment Complaint If you wish to file an employment complaint, you must contact your agency's EEO Counselor (PDF) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action. Additional information can be found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_file.html. To File a Program Complaint If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form.
    [Show full text]
  • LANGONE, J.: Anfibios En La Cuenca Del Río Santa Lucía
    ISSN 1688-2482 PUBLICACION EXTRA MUSEO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL (Montevideo. En Línea) Número 6 2017 ¿QUÉ SABEMOS DE LAS POTENCIALES AMENAZAS A LA BIODIVERSIDAD EN LA CUENCA DEL RÍO SANTA LUCÍA EN URUGUAY?. UNA REVISIÓN SOBRE LOS ANFIBIOS (AMPHIBIA, ANURA) JOSÉ A. LANGONE.* “Toda forma de vida es única y merece ser respetada, cualquiera que sea su utilidad para el hombre, y con el fin de reconocer a los demás seres vivos su valor intrínseco, el hombre ha de guiarse por un código de acción moral.” ONU (1982) “Without fundamental change in our behavior, we're doomed, as are all other life forms on this, our one and only spaceship, Planet Earth.” PIANKA (2015) Abstract – What do we know about the potential threats to biodiversity in the Santa Lucia river basin in Uruguay?. A review on amphibians (Amphibia, Anura).- The Santa Lucia river basin in southern Uruguay, has a high strategic value for the country. From one of its locations it supplies drinking water to more than 50% of the total population of the country, including its capital, Montevideo. Most part of this basin is suitable for livestock farming and industrial sowing of a wide variety of crops, which makes this territory one of the main cores of food production nationwide. This intensive land exploitation has changed the structure of the landscape in the área, where 92.8 % of the territory has been altered anthropogenically. So far there are only a few baselines specifically concerning to the existing biodiversity in the Santa Lucía river basin and the potential threats to its conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • In Situ Assessment of Genotoxicity in Tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) in Impacted and Protected Areas of Chapada Diamantina, Brazil
    VOL. 17, NUM. 2 2021 www.scientiaplena.org.br doi: 10.14808/sci.plena.2021.021701 In situ assessment of genotoxicity in tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) in impacted and protected areas of Chapada Diamantina, Brazil Avaliação in situ da genotoxicidade em girinos (Amphibia: Anura) em áreas impactadas e protegidas na Chapada Diamantina, Brasil M. B. Silva1*; R. E. Fraga1; P. B. Nishiyama1; N. L. B. Costa1; I. S. S. Silva1; D. A. Brandão1; T. S. Queiroz1; M. A. Rocha1; F. A. Juncá2 1Laboratório de Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 45029-094, Vitória da Conquista-Bahia, Brasil 2Museu de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Museu de Zoologia, 44036-900, Feira de Santana-Bahia, Brasil *[email protected] (Recebido em 19 de outubro de 2020; aceito em 07 de fevereiro de 2021) We evaluated the genotoxic potential of surface water bodies in an area impacted by agrochemicals, in the Ibicoara-Mucugê agropole, Bahia and those within protected areas in Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, using the micronucleus test as a biomarker in tadpole species native neotropicals. Our hypothesis is that the closer to agricultural farms, the more affected by mutagenic and genotoxic substances will be the environment and resident organisms. The micronucleus frequencies were determined in tadpoles of 11 species collected in 11 surface water bodies in coffee, corn, vegetable, and pumpkin plantations, as well as in adjacent sites within a protection area. Tadpoles of seven species found in agricultural sites exhibited higher frequencies of micronuclei compared to the six species from the protected locations.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecotoxicology and Genotoxicology Non-Traditional Terrestrial Models
    Ecotoxicology and Genotoxicology Non-traditional Terrestrial Models Published on 12 June 2017 http://pubs.rsc.org | doi:10.1039/9781788010573-FP001 View Online Issues in Toxicology Series Editors: Diana Anderson, University of Bradford, UK Michael D. Waters, Michael Waters Consulting, USA Timothy C. Marrs, Edentox Associates, UK Editorial Advisor: Alok Dhawan, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India Titles in the Series: 1: Hair in Toxicology: An Important Bio-Monitor 2: Male-mediated Developmental Toxicity 3: Cytochrome P450: Role in the Metabolism and Toxicity of Drugs and other Xenobiotics 4: Bile Acids: Toxicology and Bioactivity 5: The Comet Assay in Toxicology 6: Silver in Healthcare 7: In Silico Toxicology: Principles and Applications 8: Environmental Cardiology 9: Biomarkers and Human Biomonitoring, Volume 1: Ongoing Programs and Exposures 10: Biomarkers and Human Biomonitoring, Volume 2: Selected Biomarkers of Current Interest 11: Hormone-Disruptive Chemical Contaminants in Food 12: Mammalian Toxicology of Insecticides 13: The Cellular Response to the Genotoxic Insult: The Question of Published on 12 June 2017 http://pubs.rsc.org | doi:10.1039/9781788010573-FP001 Threshold for Genotoxic Carcinogens 14: Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans: Volume 1 15: Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans: Volume 2 16: Aging and Vulnerability to Environmental Chemicals: Age-related Disorders and their Origins in Environmental Exposures 17: Chemical Toxicity Prediction:
    [Show full text]
  • Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Imidacloprid in Tadpoles of Leptodactylus Latrans and Physalaemus Cuvieri (Anura: Leptodactylidae)
    Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Imidacloprid in Tadpoles of Leptodactylus Latrans and Physalaemus Cuvieri (Anura: Leptodactylidae) Caroline Garcia Samojeden Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Felipe André Pavan Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Camila Fátima Rutkoski Universidade Regional de Blumenau Alexandre Folador Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Silvia Pricila Da Fré Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Caroline Müller Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Paulo Afonso Hartmann Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul Marilia Teresinha Hartmann ( [email protected] ) Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2473-1276 Research Article Keywords: amphibia, pesticide, malformations, chronic toxicity Posted Date: May 5th, 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-448465/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/18 Abstract Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide widely used worldwide, but which can cause adverse effects on non-target organisms, especially in aquatic environments. This study aimed to evaluate the chronic toxicity of an insecticide-based imidacloprid in amphibians, using Leptodactylus latrans and Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles. The parameters of survival, swimming activity, body size, damage to body structures and genotoxicity for both species were analyzed; and the ecological risk of this insecticide calculated. Chronic short-term assay was carried out for 168 h (7 days) and ve concentrations of imidacloprid, between 3 and 300 µg L-1, were tested. The insecticide did not affect the tadpoles survival tadpoles; however, both species tested showed smaller body size, damage to the mouth and intestine and the induction of micronuclei and other erythrocytes nuclear abnormalities after exposure to imidacloprid-based herbicide.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultivating Plants That Poison Bees, Butterflies, and Birds
    Cultivating Plants that Poison Bees, Butterflies, and Birds Photo by Carol Allaire. By Nikita Naik, MPH chemicals, has resulted in an increased demand for new pesticides with lower human exposure and toxicity. This has led to the emer- Executive Summary gence of systemic pesticides. These pesticides can be applied with n the winter of 2006-07, U.S. beekeepers lost nearly 40 percent a variety of methods, including foliar sprays, granules, soil drenches, of their bee hives, documenting some of the first reports of “ab- and tree injections. However, insecticide or fungicide-coated seeds Inormally heavy losses” in managed honey bee colonies.1 Nearly a are among the most popular method of treating the target insect or decade later, losses in managed bee colonies remain elevated, with fungal disease, and account for the vast majority of seeds for major recent 2014-15 data showing record high losses of 42.1 percent.2 crops and ornamental plants in the U.S. (Stokstad, 2013; Douglas and Tooker, 2015; Friends of the Earth, 2013).3,4,5 With these application The preponderance of independent science links a class of insecti- methods, and given the toxicity, longevity or persistence of these cides known as neonicotinoids (or neonics) with the dramatic de- chemicals in soil and waterways, broad ecological impacts have and cline of pollinators and other wildlife. Bees, butterflies, birds, and a continue to be documented (Chagnon et al., 2015).6 range of soil and aquatic organisms essential to healthy ecological systems are imperiled by the use of these systemic and persistent In addition to the ecological harm caused by neonicotinoid use, pesticides.
    [Show full text]
  • Stream Salamander and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Responses to Imidacloprid Exposure
    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2019 STREAM SALAMANDER AND BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY RESPONSES TO IMIDACLOPRID EXPOSURE Sara M. Crayton WVU, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Crayton, Sara M., "STREAM SALAMANDER AND BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY RESPONSES TO IMIDACLOPRID EXPOSURE" (2019). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 4015. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/4015 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STREAM SALAMANDER AND BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY RESPONSES TO IMIDACLOPRID EXPOSURE Sara M. Crayton Thesis submitted to the Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
    [Show full text]