The Yanacocha Mine Case 043

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Yanacocha Mine Case 043 August 05, 2015 - Page 1 EJOLT Fact sheet The Yanacocha Mine Case 043 1. Introduction: The Yanacocha Ore & building materials extraction mine The Yanacocha gold mine is located in Northern Peru, at an altitude between 3500 and 4000m, near the city of Keywords Cajamarca (35 km). It is considered to > Gold mine be one of the largest and most profitable > Congo project in the world, and the largest and most profitable in Latin America. 1 It is > Yanacocha operated by Minera Yanacocha, S.R.L. © Michael Swerdlyk –The Yanacocha gold mine > Newmont Mining (MYSRL), a company controlled by three Corporation main shareholders: Compañía de Minas According to information published by Buenaventura —a Peruvian company— The New York Times , the takeover was (43.65%), International Finance only made possible by pressure brought Corporation (IFC) —a member of World to bear by Peruvian officials, such as the Bank Group, promoting investment former intelligence chief Vladimiro projects in developing countries— (5%); Montesinos. 6 and Newmont Mining Corporation, which is the principal partner (51.35%). 2 The Newmont has a new project in this latter is one of the world’s largest region: the Conga project. It is a large producers of gold, located in Denver copper-gold porphyry located 24 (Colorado, USA) and operating through kilometers northeast of Newmont’s different companies in different countries Yanacocha gold mine. According to the around the world. 3 company, Conga is part of Newmont’s strategic plan to reach 7 million ounces It has been said of MYSRL that it of gold and 400 Mlbs of copper by the “accounts for almost half of Peru’s year 2017 while developing a diverse annual gold production”. Almost all of South American asset base. But Yanacocha’s numbers are gigantic. For Newmont halted their work at Conga example, its production increased from Project in November 2011 because of 81,000 ounces in 1993 to 3 million strong protests. ounces in 2003. It is also of an 1 See S. Langdon, “Peru’s Yanacocha Gold Mine: The IFC’s Midas touch?”, 2000 enormous size: the land under ‹http://www.ciel.org/Publications/IFCCSPe concession is approximately 1,572 ru.pdf›, at 1. square kilometers, “including four major T2. Various aspects of the case 2 See C. Kamphuis, “Derecho y la watersheds and the Andean continental convergencia del poder público y el poder 2.1. The property/cultural aspect empresarial: la desposesión campesina y divide”; the current mining district spans la coerción privatizada en el Perú”, about 160km 2 with five open pit mines. 4 of the case Revista Latinoamericana de Derecho Social , 15, 2012, at 2; Report of the The mine began to operate at the Independen t Evaluation of the Mesa de The Yanacocha project has involved a Dialogo y Consenso CAO-Cajamarca , beginning of the 1990s. It was controlled considerable amount of land transfer Compliance Advisor Ombudsman, 2005, by Buenaventura and a French state- at 3. from the original proprietors to the owned company, Bureau de Recherches company. This has been done through 3 See <http://www.newmont.com/>. Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), which convoluted and even deceptive ways 4 Report cit. , supra note 2, at 3. owned a 24.7% equity interest. and people have been deprived of the 5 See Mining Operations Report on This partnership had ended by 1994, land they possessed seemingly without Yanacocha , 2005 < 7 http://www.geomineinfo.com/Complimenta because the French government knowing exactly what was happening. ry%20Downloads/Yanacocha.pdf >, at 6. decided to privatize its mining assets. The local farmers (campesinos ) soon 6 See Ángel Páez, “‘The New York Times’ Newmont took control over the mine became aware of the low price they had revive el caso Yanacocha”, La República , after a controversial process, including been paid for their land and the legal November 22, 2011 < 5 http://www.larepublica.pe/26-10- litigation before Peruvian courts. effects of the obligations contracted with 2005/new-york-times-revive-el-caso- YMSRL. Some of them have alleged that yanacocha >. the negotiation was led through 7 See R. E. Chacón, “El caso Yanacocha: deception, menaces and false promises, crónica de la lucha contra una as can be seen in a letter addressed by contaminación minera inevitable”, Ecología Política , 26, 2003, at 51; Langdon, supra note 1, at 2. August 05, 2015 - Page 2 some farmers to the Human Rights complex litigations aiming to put an end Coordinator (CNDDHH), a local NGO, in to the communal ownership of the June 1997. 8 Yanacocha area and facilitate the mining activity. One example is that of the community of San Andrés de Negritos, very affected First of all, in 1991, the property rights by the mine. According to the Peruvian over part of the communal area were agrarian law, this community was granted to individual commoners and the entitled to a ceOrdntain amount of land rest was declared a ‘reserved area’— (14,375ha), after a complex process that owned directly by the state and open to was initiated by the Agrarian Reform Act a further distribution in the future—by a (1969) and finished with the official decision of the Peruvian government. registering of the property in 1991. 9 This The goal was to suppress communal property has been systematically eroded ownership in San Andrés de Negritos by since the starting of the mining project in opening the door to individual Yanacocha. agreements between Yanacocha and the new proprietors of the land. The In 1990, Alberto Fujimori was elected members of the community consented to president of Peru. Almost immediately the decision, but it has been alleged that he started a comprehensive program of this consent was obtained through economic reforms which particularly deception and distortion of the affected agrarian legislation. One of his 12 consequences of the decision. The first actions was to amend this legislation largest part of the ‘reserved area’ was by the Act of Promotion of Investments attributed in 1995 to individual in the Agrarian Sector (1991), which commoners, almost suppressing the focused on the individual property of legal status of the community on the land. Afterwards the Constitution was land. Even the very legal existence of also amended and, in this case, the the community was suppressed. communal property of land was given less legal protection. With this Moreover, in 1992 and 1994, Yanacocha constitutional amendment a new Land requested the compulsory purchase of Act (1995) was made possible, allowing part of the land of San Andrés de transfers of land from peasant Negritos to build various facilities communities to private investors. 10 associated with mining activity, and the constitution of an inevitable obligation Peruvian law distinguishes between the associated with other parts of the land to property of mineral resources in the allow the company’s on-the-spot subsoil and the property of the land operations. A group of commoners, where these resources are located. The allegedly representing the whole former is attributed to the Peruvian community, negotiated with the company government, as is the case in several to set the compensation—the final sum countries in the region. 11 Permission to was almost ridiculous—and it was mine these resources can be granted to decided to use the former communal private investors. The Yanacocha mine 13 land. is partly located on land that is the property of the Negritos community. In 1995, the original titleholder of the Therefore, although the Peruvian land—the community—was suppressed, government granted the Yanacocha the land was re-distributed among company permission to extract the gold individual ex-commoners, and large 8 See I. Ormachea Choque, “Utilización from the Yanacocha mine, the Company parts of the land were assigned to de Medios Alternativos para la was not allowed to use the surface Yanacocha so that it could carry out its Resolución de Conflictos Socioambientales: dos casos para because it was the property of the activities. All this was done at minimal reflexionar”, 1999 communal area of San Andrés de cost for the company, thus making the <http://scar.gmu.edu/Medios%20Alternati Negritos. This problem was solved by mine extremely profitable. Hardly any vos.pdf>, at 9. 9 compensation was given to the local See Kamphuis, supra note 2, at 6-8. population. Then, the company took 10 Op. cit., at 10. advantage of the situation by purchasing 11 See Peruvian Constitution, Article 66. 12 See Kamphuis, supra note 2, at 14. 13 Op cit., at 16-18. August 05, 2015 - Page 3 pieces of land from the new individual case since the beginning of the project, owners at a very low price. This meant when Minera Yanacocha concealed from that almost a third of the former IFC the fact that the people living there communal land had been transferred to were indigenous. Given IFC’s very high the company. A significant part of the standards, this would have involved a community’s territory had been taken considerable amount of tact in setting up away and its very survival as a the mining operation because, according community was threatened. to Peruvian law, if a people regard themselves as indigenous, they are. 16 As the members of the community were becoming progressively aware of the Given that the World Bank had consequences of the convoluted legal dramatically changed its attitude to © Michael Swerdlyk –The Yanacocha process which had led to this situation of indigenous peoples with the passing of gold mine dispossession, they began to organize the Operation Policy (OP) and Bank acts of protest against the company. The Procedure (BP) 4.10, this was by no community tried to act as such, and means a minor issue.
Recommended publications
  • Mining Water Governance
    Mining water governance: Everyday community-mine relationships in the Peruvian Andes Milagros Sosa Landeo Thesis committee Promotors Prof. Dr R. A. Boelens Personal chair at Water Resources Management Wageningen University & Research Prof. Dr M. Z. Zwarteveen Professor of Water Governance IHE Delft Institute for Water Education / University of Amsterdam Other members Prof. Dr B. E. Büscher, Wageningen University & Research Prof. Dr T. A. Perreault, Syracuse University, USA Dr B. B. Hogenboom, University of Amsterdam Dr D. Roth, Wageningen University & Research This research was conducted under the auspices of the Wageningen School of Social Sciences. Mining water governance: Everyday community-mine relationships in the Peruvian Andes Milagros Sosa Landeo Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus, Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Wednesday 25 October 2017 at 1:30 p.m. in the Aula. Milagros Sosa Landeo Mining water governance: Everyday community-mine relationships in the Peruvian Andes 200 pages PhD thesis, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands (2017) With references, with summary in English ISBN: 978-94-6343-676-2 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/421715 Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 9 1.1 Problem statement: Water governance as everyday politics ........................................ 10 1.2 Research design .................................................................................................................. 13 1.2.1 Research objective and research questions ............................................................. 13 1.2.2 Navigating roles and positions: Research sites and methods .............................. 13 1.3 Theorizing water governance: Politics, practices and people .....................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hypogene Alteration, Sulfide Mineralogy, and Metal
    HYPOGENE ALTERATION, SULFIDE MINERALOGY, AND METAL DISTRIBUTION AT CERRO YANACOCHA HIGH-SULFIDATION EPITHERMAL DEPOSIT, NORTHERN PERU by Richard Pilco A Prepublication Manuscript Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF GEOSCIENCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of PROFESSIONAL SCIENCE MASTERS IN ECONOMIC GEOLOGY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2011 1 STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Professional Science Masters in Economic Geology degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the Antevs Reading Room to be made available to borrowers, as are copies of regular theses and dissertations. Brief quotations from this manuscript are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of the source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the Department of Geosciences when the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. __________________________________________ _____________ (author’s signature) (date) APPROVAL BY RESEARCH COMMITTEE As members of the Research Committee, we recommend that this thesis be accepted as fulfilling the research requirement for the degree of Master of Science. Eric Seedorff _______________________________ _____________ Major Advisor (type name) (signature) (date) Mark Barton _______________________________ _____________ (type name) (signature) (date) Lukas Zurcher ______________________________ _____________ (type name) (signature) (date) 2 Abstract The Yanacocha district in northern Perú contains clusters of high-sulfidation epithermal deposits, which constitute the most productive group of epithermal deposits in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mineral Industry of Peru in 1999
    THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF PERU By Alfredo C. Gurmendi With a population of more than 27 million, Peru had a gross concessions for construction and operation of public domestic product (GDP) of $52 billion,1 or $116 billion in terms infrastructure (roads, ports, and airports), and embarked on of purchasing power parity in 1999 (Ministerio de Energía y fiscal austerity and investment in social development and Minas, 1999a, p. 1; U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 2000). agriculture (Ministerio de Energía y Minas, 1999c, p. 3, 6). The GDP grew by 3.8%, which was considerably higher than The Asian Pacific Economic Council’s (APEC) 18 members, 0.7% in 1998, and the average inflation rate for the year was which included Peru, had a GDP of $13 trillion, which 3.7%, which was lower than 6.0% in 1998. Minerals and represented 56% of world income and 46% of global trade in hydrocarbon industries were 11.8% of Peru’s 1999 GDP. 1999. APEC was expected to provide increased opportunities Mining export revenues represented 49.2% of total exports of to Peru to expand and diversify its international trade $6.1 billion, the trade deficit was about $0.6 billion. In spite of (Ministerio de Energía y Minas, 1999c, p. 8). the effects of El Niño, the Asian financial crisis, the instability CONITE reported that since 1993, Peru has received $15.7 in the Brazilian markets of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, and billion of direct foreign investments and $12.4 billion of the lower prices for its major mineral exports (mainly copper, committed new foreign investments.
    [Show full text]
  • Emergy As a Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicator a Gold Mining Case Study
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Papers U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2011 Emergy as a Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicator A Gold Mining Case Study Wesley W. Ingwesen US Environmental Protection Agency, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usepapapers Part of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons Ingwesen, Wesley W., "Emergy as a Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicator A Gold Mining Case Study" (2011). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Papers. 86. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usepapapers/86 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Papers by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS Emergy as a Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicator A Gold Mining Case Study Wesley W. Ingwersen Keywords: Summary energy industrial ecology Founded in thermodynamics and systems ecology, emergy metals evaluation is a method to associate a product with its depen- resource use indicator dencies on all upstream environmental and resource flows sustainability indicator using a common unit of energy. Emergy is thus proposed as uncertainty an indicator of aggregate resource use for life cycle assessment (LCA). An LCA of gold mining, based on an original life cycle Supporting information is available inventory of a large gold mine in Peru, is used to demonstrate on the JIE Web site how emergy can be incorporated as an impact indicator into a process-based LCA model.
    [Show full text]
  • South America Region – Chucapaca Project Investor Visit – Lima, Peru Day 1 | 14 November 2011 Forward Looking Statement
    South America Region – Chucapaca Project Investor Visit – Lima, Peru Day 1 | 14 November 2011 Forward Looking Statement Certain statements in this document constitute “forward looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the US Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Such forward looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the company to be materially different from the future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties and other important factors include among others: economic, business and political conditions in South Africa, Ghana, Australia, Peru and elsewhere; the ability to achieve anticipated efficiencies and other cost savings in connection with past and future acquisitions, exploration and development activities; decreases in the market price of gold and/or copper; hazards associated with underground and surface gold mining; labour disruptions; availability terms and deployment of capital or credit; changes in government regulations, particularly environmental regulations; and new legislation affecting mining and mineral rights; changes in exchange rates; currency devaluations; inflation and other macro-economic factors, industrial action, temporary stoppages of mines for safety and unplanned maintenance reasons; and the impact of the AIDS crisis in South Africa. These forward looking statements speak only as of the date of this document. The company undertakes no obligation to update publicly or release any revisions to these forward looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
    [Show full text]
  • ON DEVELOPMENT, POVERTY, and AUTONOMY: a CASE STUDY of a WORLD BANK PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP in LATIN AMERICA by SIMONE R
    ON DEVELOPMENT, POVERTY, AND AUTONOMY: A CASE STUDY OF A WORLD BANK PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN LATIN AMERICA by SIMONE R. BRIDGEMOHAN A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School – Newark Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Global Affairs written under the direction of Dr. Karen D. Caplan and approved by _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ Newark, New Jersey May 2019 © 2019 Simone R. Bridgemohan ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION On Development, Poverty, and Autonomy: A Case Study of a World Bank Public-Private Partnership in Latin America By SIMONE R. BRIDGEMOHAN Dissertation Director: Dr. Karen D. Caplan Using a qualitative, exploratory single-case study approach, this study examines the theoretical and practical discontinuities between the World Bank’s current development model of public-private partnerships (PPPs) and development and poverty trends “on the ground” in localities where Bank-supported projects operate. There exists a disconnect between the Bank’s development rhetoric – framed in terms of Bank projects as “pro-poor” – and how “locals,” especially the poor, perceive what is happening to their livelihoods and community as a result of these development projects. Data was collected through semi- structured interview, participant observation, and primary source documents. This study is grounded in the constructivism paradigm, which, alongside conventional content analysis, guided the data analysis process. This study’s results show that two critical factors, basic needs and autonomy, are integral to study participants’ conceptualizations of poverty and development; in other words, they attribute their own and others’ impoverished livelihoods to a shared inability to meet basic needs and a lack of autonomy.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of Calc-Alkaline Volcanism and Associated Hydrothermal Gold Deposits at Yanacocha, Peru**
    ©2010 Society of Economic Geologists, Inc. Economic Geology, v. 105, pp. 1191–1241 Evolution of Calc-Alkaline Volcanism and Associated Hydrothermal Gold Deposits at Yanacocha, Peru** ANTHONY A. LONGO,†,1,* JOHN H. DILLES,2 ANITA L. GRUNDER,2 AND ROBERT DUNCAN3 1Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97370 and Minera Yanacocha and Newmont Mining Corporation, Cajamarca, Peru 2Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97370 3College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon 97370 Abstract Clusters of high-sulfidation epithermal deposits containing more than 50 Moz of gold are hosted by ad- vanced argillic-altered Miocene volcanic rocks in the Yanacocha district, northern Peru (lat. 6°59'30" S, long. 78°30'45" W). We describe the nature of the volcanism and its relation to the gold ores on the basis of new dis- trict-scale geologic mapping, 69 40Ar/39Ar ages on igneous rocks and hydrothermal alunite, and petrologic and geochemical investigations. Volcanic rocks of the Calipuy Group are the oldest Cenozoic rocks at Yanacocha, and include the Huambo Cancha andesite, andesitic lahars of Tual and Chaupiloma (19.5–15.9 Ma), and the dacitic Cerro Fraile pyro- clastics (15.5–15.1 Ma). The younger Yanacocha Volcanics (14.5–8.4 Ma) form a cogenetic series of lavas and pyroclastic rocks with a cumulative volume of ~88 km3 that represents eruption from a moderate-size volcanic center. Early pyroxene>hornblende-bearing lavas of the Atazaico Andesite (14.5–13.3 Ma) erupted from small stratovolcanoes progressively younger from southwest to northeast. Dacitic dikes followed that are spatially as- sociated with gold deposits at Quilish and Cerro Negro (~7 Moz Au) and stage 1 alunite (13.6–12.6 Ma).
    [Show full text]
  • Yanacocha Mine, Campesino Dispossession, Privatized Coercion Charis Kamphuis
    Osgoode Hall Law School of York University Osgoode Digital Commons Research Papers, Working Papers, Conference Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy Papers Research Report No. 11/2010 The onC vergence of Public and Corporate Power in Peru: Yanacocha Mine, Campesino Dispossession, Privatized Coercion Charis Kamphuis Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/clpe Recommended Citation Kamphuis, Charis, "The onC vergence of Public and Corporate Power in Peru: Yanacocha Mine, Campesino Dispossession, Privatized Coercion" (2010). Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy. Research Paper No. 11/2010. http://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/clpe/318 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Research Papers, Working Papers, Conference Papers at Osgoode Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy by an authorized administrator of Osgoode Digital Commons. OSG000E HALL LAW SCHOOL YORK UNIVERSITY OSGOODE HALL LAW SCHOOL RESEARCH PAPER SERIES Research Paper No. 11/2010 THE CONVERGENCE OF PUBLIC AND CORPORATE POWER IN PERU: YANACOCHA MINE, CAMPESINO DISPOSSESSION, PRIVATIZED COERCION Charis Kamphuis Editors Peer Zumbansen (Osgoode Hall Law School, Toronto, Director, Comparative Research in Law and Political Economy) John W. Cioffi (University of California at Riverside) Lisa Philipps (Osgoode Hall Law School, Associate Dean Research) Nassim Nasser, Ahmed Hassan (Osgoode Hall Law School, Toronto, Production Editors) Comparative Research in YORK Law & Political Economy U N I V V V S I T V Electronic copy available at: http:/Jssrncom/abstract1598477 00 I 2 CLPE RESEARCH PAPER SERIES {VOL. 06 No. 03 CLPE Research Paper 11/2010 Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Keynote Address: Newmont's Contribution to Gold Technology
    Paper_KN4:Paper_KN4 10/15/09 4:31 PM Page 221 DUNNE, R., LeVIER, M., ACAR, S., and KAPPES, R. Keynote Address: Newmont’s contribution to gold technology. World Gold Conference 2009, The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2009. Keynote Address: Newmont’s contribution to gold technology R. DUNNE*, M. LeVIER†, S. ACAR†, and R. KAPPES† *Newmont Metallurgical Development and Technology, Denver, CO USA. †Newmont Metallurgical Services, Denver, CO USA Newmont is one of the few remaining large mining companies that was established in the early nineteen hundreds. The company has a long, colourful and enviable history. This paper provides highlights of Newmont’s business and technical history since its inception in 1916, its transition to a ‘gold only’ company in the early 1990s and progress since that time up until the present day. Details of Newmonts current gold operations and its gold production profile for 2008 are also provided in the paper Over the last 50 years Newmont has developed a host of innovative gold technologies to meet the challenges of treating the complex refractory gold ores, found at the company owned mines in the Carlin region and around the world. Details of the technologies are provided and they include chlorination, roasting, bacterial and pressure leaching, leaching gold with thiosulphate and thiocyanate, N2Tech flotation, HPGR treatment of hard and abrasive ores and, finally, the use of Hydro-Jex technology for improving gold recovery from heaps. Introduction With the start of the Great Depression in the early 1930s demand for metals and oils fell and Newmont’s share price Newmont is one of the few remaining large mining crashed to $3.88 in 1932.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    Fujimori's Peru: A case study of state-corporate corruption and its implications for the good governance agenda By Stephanie Poirier A Thesis Submitted to Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in International Development Studies December, 2010, Halifax, Nova Scotia Copyright Stephanie Poirier, 2010 Approved: Dr. Alfredo Schulte-Bockholt Supervisor Approved: Dr. Stephen Schneider External Examiner Approved: Dr. John Cameron First Reader Approved: Dr. Julia Sagebien Second Reader Date: December 22, 2010 Library and Archives Bibliothfeque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'6dition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 OttawaONK1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-72010-3 Our file Notre r6f6rence ISBN: 978-0-494-72010-3 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduce, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Nnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these.
    [Show full text]
  • Mining in Peru
    Mining in Peru The country emerges from the low cycle as the world’s second largest copper producer TABLE OF CONTENTS Rethinking the Future.......................................p54 This report was researched and prepared by Production Overview.........................................p57 Global Business Reports (www.gbreports.com) for Interview with Gonzalo Tamayo, Engineering & Mining Journal. Peru’s minister of Energy and Mines....................p58 The Junior Segment: Picking Up.......................p63 Editorial researched and written by Alfonso Tejerina, Engineering and Construction............................p69 Imara Salas, Alice Pascoletti and Laura Brangwin. Equipment and Services....................................p75 For more details, please contact [email protected]. Cover photo courtesy of Ferreyros. A REPORT BY GBR FOR E&MJ AUGUST 2017 MINING IN PERU Rethinking the Future As the industry becomes more dynamic globally, new strategies are required to avoid fresh growing pains Las Bambas is expected to yield between 420,000 and 460,000 mt Cu this year. Photo courtesy of Las Bambas - MMG. With decent gold and silver prices and a Peru is already one of the most competi- extend the mine life. Also, we have 7 million very positive upward trend in base metal tive mining producers worldwide. Reason- metric tons (mt) of oxides that are not includ- prices over the last months, miners world- able labor costs and a favorable exchange ed in our mining plan today. Before the end wide seem to have more confidence in the rate during 2016 played their part, but man- of the year we could have a feasibility study near-term future. In Peru, leaders surveyed agers locally also implemented a number of for a leaching process facility,” said Rivera.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Relationships Review
    1 Community Relationships Review Global Summary Report March 2009 Study Directors Gare A. Smith Daniel Feldman Table of Contents I. Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................................1 II. Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................4 A. Overview of the Report ............................................................................................................4 B. Conflict Management ...............................................................................................................5 C. Objectives of the CRR .............................................................................................................7 III. CRR Methodology and Overview ........................................................................................................8 A. Key Participants in the CRR ....................................................................................................8 B. Methodology for the Global Report .......................................................................................12 C. The Addition of Minahasa ......................................................................................................12 D. Identifying the Factors in Conflict: Framework for the CRR ......................................................13 IV. Management of Community Relationships .......................................................................................16
    [Show full text]