JAXA's Satellites for Disaster Risk Reduction

JAXA’s satellites for Disaster Risk Reduction

October 9, 2017 Masanobu TSUJI Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

Panel on Space Technology and Applications in Support of theRegional Roadmap for Implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in Asia and the Pacific ICC21, ESCAP

JAXA Activities

Space Human Space Activities Satellite Programs Transportation

Lunar & Planetary Exploration Programs

Aviation Programs Space Science

1 JAXA’s Earth Observation Programs 1. Disaster Risk Management Volcano Flood early Landslide Monitoring warning Monitoring

2. Climate Change (Mitigation/Adaptation)

Mitigation Mitigation Adaptation scenario GHG Forest Prediction of extreme EO

Monitoring Monitoring weather event

3. New Applications JAXA’s Infrastructure Ocean DSM Remote Sensing By Satellite Monitoring Geospatial Information 2

- 2013 2014 2016 2018 2020（JFY）

ALOS-3 High Resolution High-Resolution Wide Swath Optical (2020)

ALOS-2 (2014) ALOS (2005)

Climate Change & Water Cycle ALOS-4 High-Resolution Wide Swath SAR Aqua/AMSR-E GCOM-C (2020) (2002) (2017)

EarthCARE/CPR (2019)

GPM/DPR (2013) TRMM/PR GCOM-W (1997) (2011)

GHG Monitoring GOSAT-2 (2018)

GOSAT (2009)

Japanese Current and Future Missions 3 Disaster Risk Management

“Daichi-2” (ALOS-2)

Launch date May 24, 2014 Mass 2.1 tons Lifetime 5 years (goal: 7 years) Orbit Sun‐synchronous 628 km altitude 14 days revisit LSDN 12:00 +/‐ 15 min Onboard [1] Phased Array‐type L‐ sensors band Synthetic Aperture Radar 2 (PALSAR‐2) [2] Compact InfraRed Camera (CIRC) [3] SPAISE‐2 Mission data Direct: 800 Mbps transmission Data relay: 278 Mbps Data recorder 128 GB 55 “Daichi-2” (ALOS-2) Mission Objectives: Disaster monitoring Ocean Earthquake Volcano Flooding

Environment and land management Agriculture & Forest and wetland Ice natural resources

Sentinel Asia Sentinel Asia is a voluntary initiative by a collaboration between space agencies and disaster management agencies, applying Remote Sensing and Web‐GIS technologies to assist disaster management in the Asia‐ Pacific region. Sentinel Asia Sentinel Asia consists of Disaster 104 JPT members incl. Space Management 89 agencies from Community Community 27 countries and 15 international organizations International (as of Apr 2017) ISRO GISTDA Community and ADRC members

JAXA Platform to discuss JPT meeting Colombo, NARL cross‐cutting issues Sri Lanka in January 2016 Sentinel Asia Constellation

KARI VAST

CRISP 7 Asian Disasters Observed by Sentinel Asia Monitoring in Nepal Flood in Thailand Kazakhstan observed more than Kyrgyzstan 200 disasters Tajikistan of 24 countries Japan China for last 8 years Pakistan Bhutan Nepal Bangladesh Taiwan Landslide in Philippines Myanmar Lao PDR India Thailand Philippines Typhoon Cambodia Viet Nam Sri Lanka Brunei

Indonesia Papua New Guinea Fiji Solomon Island

Australia New Zealand Hotspot in Australia 8

Flood and Drought Warning

9 New versions of GSMaP: GSMaP_NOW We have started to provide GSMaP_NOW over the area of Himawari‐8! • It provides precipitation data in an hour after observation • We improved the data latecy from GSMaP’s 4 hours to “quasi-real-time” Global Rainfall Watch Realtime Rainfall Watch (GSMaP_NRT/MVK) (GSMaP_NOW)

Champi Olaf Patricia

GSMaP observing harricane Patricia and Olaf and Typhoon Champi: 2015/10/20～2015/10/24（hourly animation） • For climate phonomena that changes rapidly, frequent observations are very much needed. • Global precipitation map integrating the data from GPM core observatory, microwave radiometers/sounders, and infrared radiometers of geostationary satellites JAXA Global Rainfall Watch (4‐hr delay) : http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP JAXA Realtime Rainfall Watch (Himawari‐area): http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP_NOW 10

Flood Warning and Drought Warning in Asia Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP)

Automatic Calculation of Flood Forecasting System Drought Indices Cell Phone Short Message Website

Flood Warning Drought Warning

Bangladesh Great Viet Nam Mekong Philippines Subregion

11 Water Related Products by JAXA Portal Name and URL G‐Portal: JAXA’s Satellite data (for remote sensing expart) (GPM, TRMM, JERS‐1, AQUA/AMSR‐E....etc.) https://www.gportal.jaxa.jp/gp/top.html Raw Satellite Data *Free and Open Data JASMIN: Agro‐Meteorological Information http://suzaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/JASMIN/index.html *Free and Open Data Agro-Meteorology

GSMaP: Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation http://sharaku.eorc.jaxa.jp/GSMaP_crest/index.html *Free and Open Data Rainfall

Precise Global Digital 3D Map "ALOS World 3D" (30m resolution) http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/aw3d/index_e.htm *Free and Open Data Topography

Global Forest and Non‐Forest Map http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/palsar_fnf/fnf_jindex.htm *Free and Open Data Forest Map

What’s next?

13 Future Missions for Precise Earth Observation

Advanced Optical Satellite (ALOS-3) Advanced SAR Satellite (ALOS-4)

(Configuration is TBD)

Crucial地chikaku 地殻変動 Deformation殻変動

マグマの上昇 Modeling マグマの上昇Rising Magma

Magma Chamber

Hazard Map Estimate situation of Pan: 0.8 m magma chamber under the ground and faulting Mu: 6 bands, 3.2 m Swath: 70 km Recurrent: 35 days © GSI Take a decision for Observation Precise 1/25,000 Map evacuation LST: 10:30am © GSI Launch: to be in JFY2020 14

15 Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE)

To reduce the uncertainties in global warming prediction by measuring the three dimensional structure of clouds and aerosols.

CPR (Cloud Profile Radar)

• Joint Mission by Europe and Japan • Launch in 2019 • 3 years lifetime • 400 km altitude • Sun-synchronous orbit (Local time: 14:00) 15 APRSAF-24@Bengaluru,India 14-17 Nov.

Our Visions

1. JAXA aims that the earth observation system would become the Space-based Infrastructure as an essential part for our daily life.

2. Space-based Infrastructure should be utilized for specific action and its decision making as a step ahead of the observation and understanding of its phenomenon

3. Space agencies should lead establishment of space-based infrastructure to innovate new systems, new value, and/or new business in a wide range of areas.

Looking forward to further fruitful collaboration with our partners in Asia and the Pacific.

17 Thank you for your attention.