Relevance of Aquatic Environments for Hominins: a Case Study from Trinil (Java, Indonesia)
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Chec List Bivalves of the São Sebastião Channel, North Coast Of
Check List 10(1): 97–105, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Bivalves of the São Sebastião Channel, north coast of the PECIES S São Paulo State, Brazil OF Lenita de Freitas Tallarico 1*, Flávio Dias Passos 2, Fabrizio Marcondes Machado 3, Ariane Campos 1, ISTS 1 1,4 L Shirlei Maria Recco-Pimentel and Gisele Orlandi Introíni 1 Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional. R. Charles Darwin, s/n - Bloco N, Caixa Postal 6109. CEP 13083-863. Campinas, SP, Brazil. 2 Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal. Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Caixa Postal 6109. CEP 13083-970. Campinas, SP, Brazil. 3 Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. R. Bertrand Russell, s/n, Caixa Postal 6109, CEP 13083-970. Campinas, SP, Brazil. 4 Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde. R. Sarmento Leite, 245. CEP 90050-170. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The north coast of the São Paulo State, Brazil, presents great bivalve diversity, but knowledge about these organisms, especially species living subtidally, remains scarce. Based on collections made between 2010 and 2012, the present work provides a species list of bivalves inhabiting the intertidal and subtidal zones of the São Sebastião Channel. Altogether, 388 living specimens were collected, belonging to 52 species of 34 genera, grouped in 18 families. -
Response to Oxygen Deficiency (Depletion): Bivalve Assemblages As an Indicator of Ecosystem Instability in the Northern Adriatic Sea
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Response to oxygen deficiency (depletion): Bivalve assemblages as an indicator of ecosystem instability in the northern Adriatic Sea Vedrana NERLOVIĆ1, Alper DOĞAN2 & Mirjana HRS-BRENKO1 1Ruđer Bošković Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Giordano Paliaga 5, HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Benthic communities represent a powerful tool for the detection of natural and anthropogenic disturbances, as well as for the assessment of marine ecosystem stability. This paper shows that Bivalve assemblages could serve as excellent indicators of disturbance and ecosystem instability. The goal of this study was to compare two sets of data in order to determine the differences between two different periods belonging to Bivalve assemblage in the muddy detritic bottom of the northern Adriatic Sea in the post-anoxic period during December 1989, 1990, 1991 and quite a while later, during 2003, 2004 and 2005. Abundances of some indicator species such as Corbula gibba, Modiolarca subpicta, and Timoclea ovata were detected during the post-anoxic period. Recruitment in the quality of Bivalve assemblages was proved by the ecologic and biotic indexes during 2003, 2004 and 2005, during a period of relatively stable ecological conditions. Fluctuation in Bivalve diversity due to the ecological quality of the marine ecosystem in the eastern part of the northern Adriatic Sea is also discussed. Key words: hypoxia; Bivalve assemblages; indicator species; soft bottoms; northern Adriatic Sea Introduction Recent reviews and summaries have provided good introductions on how hypoxia and anoxia came to be such a large and serious problem in the aquatic ecosystem (Gray et al. -
Suitable Habitat Modeling of Prehistoric Antelope-Like Bovid Duboisia Santeng in Java Island in the Early Pleistocene Andriwibowo*
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 16 September 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0355.v1 Suitable Habitat Modeling of Prehistoric Antelope-like Bovid Duboisia Santeng in Java Island in The Early Pleistocene Andriwibowo* Keywords: Abstract Bovid, forest, habitat, model, The migration routes have facilitated the distribution of mammals from south Pleistocene east Asian mainland to the Sundaland including Java island in the early Pleistocene. One of species that has migrated through that route is antelope-like bovid Duboisia santeng. In the present study, the potential distribution areas and the suitable habitats of D. santeng have been projected and modeled. The modeled habitat was a forest river basin sizing 302.91 Ha in the central of Java island. The model has classified and reconstructed the habitat suitability ranged *Email: paleobio2020@gmail from low to high back to Pleistocene. The surrounding areas of forest were .com mostly classified as medium and low related to the limited tree covers. Most *Address: suitable habitats were identified in the middle of forest river basin where the U. o. Indonesia, West Java, Indonesia tree covers were presented. Introduction The adaptation and distribution of prehistoric mammals were favoured by migration routes. Presences of large mammal fossil from Indochinese and Sundaic provinces, which are distinct climatically, floristically, and faunistically support the hypothesis of a continental migration route during the middle and late Pleistocene periods. During the glacial periods, the faunal exchanges were favored by the emersion of a huge continental shelf known as Sundaland. This emerged land connected the South East Asian mainland to Borneo and other Indonesia islands including Java island. -
Fossil Bovidae from the Malay Archipelago and the Punjab
FOSSIL BOVIDAE FROM THE MALAY ARCHIPELAGO AND THE PUNJAB by Dr. D. A. HOOIJER (Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden) with pls. I-IX CONTENTS Introduction 1 Order Artiodactyla Owen 8 Family Bovidae Gray 8 Subfamily Bovinae Gill 8 Duboisia santeng (Dubois) 8 Epileptobos groeneveldtii (Dubois) 19 Hemibos triquetricornis Rütimeyer 60 Hemibos acuticornis (Falconer et Cautley) 61 Bubalus palaeokerabau Dubois 62 Bubalus bubalis (L.) subsp 77 Bibos palaesondaicus Dubois 78 Bibos javanicus (d'Alton) subsp 98 Subfamily Caprinae Gill 99 Capricornis sumatraensis (Bechstein) subsp 99 Literature cited 106 Explanation of the plates 11o INTRODUCTION The Bovidae make up a very large portion of the Dubois collection of fossil vertebrates from Java, second only to the Proboscidea in bulk. Before Dubois began his explorations in Java in 1890 we knew very little about the fossil bovids of that island. Martin (1887, p. 61, pl. VII fig. 2) described a horn core as Bison sivalensis Falconer (?); Bison sivalensis Martin has al• ready been placed in the synonymy of Bibos palaesondaicus Dubois by Von Koenigswald (1933, p. 93), which is evidently correct. Pilgrim (in Bron- gersma, 1936, p. 246) considered the horn core in question to belong to a Bibos species closely related to the banteng. Two further horn cores from Java described by Martin (1887, p. 63, pl. VI fig. 4; 1888, p. 114, pl. XII fig. 4) are not sufficiently well preserved to allow of a specific determination, although they probably belong to Bibos palaesondaicus Dubois as well. In a preliminary faunal list Dubois (1891) mentions four bovid species as occurring in the Pleistocene of Java, viz., two living species (the banteng and the water buffalo) and two extinct forms, Anoa spec. -
Stegodon Florensis Insularis
Trends of body size evolution in the fossil record of insular Southeast Asia Alexandra van der Geer, George Lyras, Hara Drinia SAGE 2013 University of Athens 11.03.2013 Aim of our project Isolario: morphological changes in insular endemics the impact of humans on endemic island species (and vice versa) Study especially episodes IV to VI Applied to South East Asia First of all, which fossil, pre-Holocene faunas are known from this area? Note: fossil faunas are often incomplete (fossilization is a rare process), and taxonomy of fossil species is necessarily less diverse because morphological distinctions based on coat color and pattern, tail tuft, vocalizations, genetic composition etc do not play a role © Hoe dieren op eilanden evolueren; Veen Magazines, 2009 Java Unbalanced fauna (typical island fauna Java, Early Pleistocene with hippos, deer and elephants), ‘swampy’ (pollen studies) Faunal level: Satir (Bumiayu area) Only endemics (on the species level) Fossils: Mastodon (Sinomastodon bumiajuensis) Dwarf hippo (small Hexaprotodon sivajavanicus, aka H. simplex) Deer (indet) Giant tortoise (Colossochelys) ? Tree-mouse? (Chiropodomys) Sinomastodon bumiajuensis ?pygmy stegodont? (isolated, Hexaprotodon sivajavanicus (= H simplex) scattered findings: Sambungmacan, Cirebon, Carian, Jetis), Stegodon hypsilophus of Hooijer 1954 Maybe also Stegoloxodon indonesicus from Ci Panggloseran (Bumiayu area) Progressively more balanced, marginally Java, Middle Pleistocene impovered (‘filtered’) faunas (mainland- like), Homo erectus – Stegodon faunas, Faunal levels: Ci Saat - Trinil HK– Kedung Brubus “dry, open woodland” – Ngandong Endemics on (sub)species level, strongly related to ‘Siwaliks’ fauna of India Fossils: Homo erectus, large and small herbivores (Bubalus, Bibos, Axis, Muntiacus, Tapirus, Duboisia santeng Duboisia, Elephas, Stegodon, Rhinoceros 2x), large and small carnivores (Pachycrocuta, Axis lydekkeri Panthera 2x, Mececyon, Lutrogale 2x), pigs (Sus 2x), Macaca, rodents (Hystrix Elephas hysudrindicus brachyura, Maxomys, five (!) native Rattus species), birds (e.g. -
Morphomertical and Gonadal Studies of a Thretened Fish, Anabas
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences. ISSN 2248-9975 Volume 6, Number 1 (2016), pp. 7-14 © International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com morphometrical and Gonadal Studies of A Threatened Fish, Anabas testudineus with Respect to Seasonal Cycle Golam Ziauddin1, Samarendra Behera2, Sanjeev Kumar2*, Rinku Gogoi2, Olik Jomang2 and Snigdha Baksi2 1SMS Fishery Science KVKCRIJAF, ICAR Budbud, Burdwan - 713403, India. 2*Department of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 5, Budherhat Road, Chakgaria, P.O. Panchasayar, Kolkata-700094, India. Abstract The study was conducted in the laboratory to understand the morphometrical measurement and relationship among fecundity to length and weight of fish, length and weight of ovary and volume of ovary as well as relationship among ovary weight of fish to total length and total weight of fish for reproductive biology of Anabas testudineus. Adult of A. testudineus ranging from the length of 110 to 170 mm and weight of 30 to 60 gm were collected from local market and acclimatized in the laboratory conditions with artificial feed. The length of the testis in different body size varied from 12.0 to 22.7 mm. The weight of testis showed decreasing trend from 0.252 gm in September and 0.236 gm in October. The Gonadosomatic index (GnSI) of testis varied from 0.494 to 0.668. The length of the ovary in different body size varied from 11.0 to 16.2 mm. The Gonado somatic index of ovary varied from to 0.271 to 0.880. -
The Faunal Assemblage of the Paleonto-Archeological Localities Of
G Model PALEVO-910; No. of Pages 20 ARTICLE IN PRESS C. R. Palevol xxx (2016) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Comptes Rendus Palevol www.sci encedirect.com Human palaeontology and prehistory The faunal assemblage of the paleonto-archeological localities of the Late Pliocene Quranwala Zone, Masol Formation, Siwalik Range, NW India L’assemblage faunique des localités paléonto-archéologiques de la zone Quranwala, Pliocène final, formation de Masol, chaîne frontale des Siwaliks, Nord-Ouest de l’Inde a,∗ a b Anne-Marie Moigne , Anne Dambricourt Malassé , Mukesh Singh , b a b b Amandeep Kaur , Claire Gaillard , Baldev Karir , Surinder Pal , b a a Vipnesh Bhardwaj , Salah Abdessadok , Cécile Chapon Sao , c c Julien Gargani , Alina Tudryn a Histoire naturelle de l’homme préhistorique (HNHP, UMR 7194 CNRS), Tautavel, France b Society for Archaeological and Anthropological Research, Chandigarh, India c Géosciences Paris-Sud (GEOPS, UMR 8148 CNRS), université Paris-Sud, Paris, France a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: The Indo-French Program of Research ‘Siwaliks’ carried out investigations in the ‘Quranwala Received 23 June 2015 zone’ of the Masol Formation (Tatrot), Chandigarh Siwalik Range, known since the 1960s Accepted after revision 17 September 2015 for its “transitional fauna”. This new paleontological study was implemented following the Available online xxx discovery of bones with cut marks near choppers and flakes in quartzite collected on the outcrops. Nine fieldwork seasons (2008–2015) on 50 hectares of ravines and a small plateau Handled by Anne Dambricourt Malassé recovered lithic tools and fossil assemblages in 12 localities with approximately 1500 fos- sils. -
Otago Submarine Canyons: Mapping and Macrobenthos
Otago Submarine Canyons: Mapping and Macrobenthos Bryce A. Peebles A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Science at the University of Otago December 2013 ii Abstract Submarine canyons are steep-sided “V’ or “U” shaped valleys that incise continental slopes worldwide. The geophysical and oceanographic features of submarine canyons can produce environmental conditions that cause benthic assemblages to be distinctive and productive compared to those of the adjacent slope; however the assemblages are potentially vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, including bottom fishing. In order to help inform policy and management, submarine canyons need to be objectively defined topographically and their benthic assemblages characterised. A canyon network occurs off the Otago Peninsula, south-eastern New Zealand, but lack of detailed bathymetric data and adequate benthic sampling has limited study of the canyons. This thesis outlines a method of defining submarine canyon areas and examines epifaunal and infaunal assemblages of the Otago canyons and adjacent slope. Objective definition of the Otago canyon network in the GIS software GRASS along with the steps to use this methodology worldwide are described. Archival count data from 1966-74 on the epifauna are analysed using the PRIMER suite of programs to characterise epifaunal assemblages. Anomurans, polychaetes, asteroids and ascidians make up 70% of the epifaunal canyon assemblage. The epifaunal assemblage is clearly defined by water depth and recognisable from 380 m. Quantitative sampling of infauna in Saunders canyon, Papanui canyon and adjacent slope was carried out to examine infaunal community structure of the canyons and adjacent slope. Infaunal canyon assemblages are dominated by polychaetes, amphipods, ophiuroids, decapods and isopods in canyons, accounting for 75% of collected individuals. -
Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S
Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4—An Update April 2013 Prepared by: Pam L. Fuller, Amy J. Benson, and Matthew J. Cannister U.S. Geological Survey Southeast Ecological Science Center Gainesville, Florida Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia Cover Photos: Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix – Auburn University Giant Applesnail, Pomacea maculata – David Knott Straightedge Crayfish, Procambarus hayi – U.S. Forest Service i Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ vi INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Overview of Region 4 Introductions Since 2000 ....................................................................................... 1 Format of Species Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 2 Explanation of Maps ................................................................................................................................ -
Homo Erectus Foodways
Homo Erectus Foodways ENVIRONMENT 3 RAINFOREST 4 OUT OF AFRICA 4 DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS 5 MORPHOLOGY & LOCOMOTION 7 Did Homo Erectus still sleep in the trees? 11 CAPTURE 14 TEETH AND JAW 15 C3/C4 ANALYSIS 16 HOARDING 21 ANIMAL FOODS 21 HUNTING AND SCAVENGING 22 HUNTING METHODS 29 SEAFOOD 35 SUMMARY 37 PROCESSING & INGESTION 38 TOOLS 38 THROWN TOOLS 41 BUTCHERY 43 PLANT TOOLS 44 DENTAL ADAPTATIONS 44 MICROWEAR 46 COOKING 51 FIRE 53 COOKING SUMMARY 60 COOKED VS RAW CONSUMPTION 60 FERMENTED FOODS 61 COOKING TECHNOLOGIES 61 COOKING STARCHES 62 COOKING PROTEINS 64 COOKING FATS 67 VITAMINS AND MINERALS 69 PLANT DEFENSES 70 DIGESTION 70 METABOLISM 73 EXPENSIVE TISSUE HYPOTHESIS 74 NUTRIENTS FOR ENCEPHALIZATION 75 PROTEIN 77 CARBOHYDRATES 81 INTELLIGENCE 81 SOCIAL DYNAMICS 83 CULTURE 86 MATING & CHILD REARING 87 LIFE HISTORY 91 GROUP SIZE 93 SEXUAL DIMORPHISM 93 DIVISION OF LABOR 95 FOOD SHARING 98 CHIMPS 98 CULTURE 101 CARE FOR OTHERS 102 References 103 HOMO ERECTUS Extinction of Early Homo, Homo Rudolfensis & Habilis, and the Emergence of Erectus Around two million years ago, another hominid emerged in Africa called Homo Erectus that survived for over one million years, becoming extinct only about one hundred and fifty thousand years ago. At the beginning of its existence, it evidently co-existed with both Homo Hablis and Rudolfensis, as well as Australopithecus Boisei and at the end of its time, it overlapped with itself, Homo Sapien. In any case, soon after its emergence, Homo Habilis and Rudolfensis went extinct; at least that is what we have concluded based on our limited number of fossils. -
Anthropological Science 110(2), 165-177, 2002 Preliminary
Anthropological Science 110(2), 165-177, 2002 Preliminary Observation of a New Cranium of •ôNH•ôHomoerectus•ôNS•ô (Tjg-1993.05) from Sangiran, Central Jawa Johan Arif1, Yousuke Kaifu2, Hisao Baba2, Made Emmy Suparka1, Yahdi Zaim1, and Takeshi Setoguchi3 1 Department of Geology, Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia 2 Department of Anthropology , National Science Museum, Tokyo 3 Department of Geology and Mineralogy , Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto (Received October 5, 2001; accepted February 13, 2002) Abstract In May of 1993, a new well-preserved hominid skull was recovered from the Bapang (Kabuh) Formation of the Sangiran region, Central Jawa. In this paper, we provisionally describe the skull and compare it with •ôNH•ôHomo erectus•ôNS•ô.crania from Jawa and China. The new skull possesses a series of characteristic features of Asian •ôNH•ôH.erectus•ôNS•ô in overall size and shape of the vault, the expression of various ectocranial structures, and other details. Among three geographical and chronolog icalsubgroups of Asian •ôNH•ôH.erectus•ôNS•ô, the new skull shows affinities with the Jawanese Early Pleistocene subgroup (specimens from the Sangiran and Trinil regions), as expected from its provenance. •ôGH•ô Keywords•ôGS•ô: •ôNH•ôHomo erectus•ôNS•ô,human evolution, Indonesia, paleoanthropology Introduction In May of 1993, a new hominid skull of an adult individual was recovered from the Sangiran area, Central Jawa (Figs. 1 and 2). There is no formal specimen number for this skull. Sartono called it Skull IX, and Larick et al. (2001) provisionally la beledit as Tjg-1993.05. The discovery of the skull was first announced in academic meetings in the Netherlands (Sartono et al, 1995), Indonesia (Sartono and Tyler, 1993), and America (Tyler et al., 1994). -
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber .........................................................................